2018人教版高中英语必修四Unit 3《A taste of English humour》(Section 1)课后练习

Unit 3Section Ⅰ

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.If you want to ride well, the first thing to do is to overcome(overcome) your fear of horses.

解析：overcome战胜，克服。句意：如果你想骑马骑得好，要做的第一件事就是战胜对马的恐惧感。

2.Up to now we have planted(plant) more than five thousand trees.

解析：up to now与现在完成时连用。

3.After a two﹣hour talk, she was convinced of the truth of the report.

解析：句意：两个小时的长谈之后，她相信了那个报告的真实性。convince sb. of sth.使某人确信某事。

4.If you don’t pay your gas bill, the gas will soon be cut off.

解析：cut off切断，断绝。

5.Buried(bury) in reading a novel, she ignored me when I passed by her. 解析：buried in doing sth.专心于做某事，为形容词作描述性状语。句意：她专心于看小说，我经过她身旁时她没有理睬我。

6.I don’t think we’re worse off than a lot of other people.

解析：考查固定短语。句意：我认为我们不比许多其他人更贫穷。badly off是固定短语，意思是“穷的，缺钱的，境况不佳的”。

7.The old man sat in the armchair, reading(read) a newspaper.

解析：考查现在分词作状语。句意：那位老人坐在扶手椅上，读着报纸。分析句子结构可知，此处表示伴随的动作，所以要用动词﹣ing 形式作状语。

8.Although the advertisement sounds very convincing(convince), my aunt hasn’t planned to buy the new product.

解析：考查形容词。句意：虽然这个广告听起来很有说服力，但是我的姑母还没有打算买这个新产品。表示“令人信服的”要用convincing。

9.The film was one of the rare failures(fail) in his career.

解析：考查词形转换。句意：这部电影是他职业生涯中罕见的失败之一。分析句子结构可知，此处要用名词形式，且“one of+名词”结构中要用名词的复数形式。

10.His ball has earned him recognition as a talented performer(perform). 解析：考查名词。句意：他的舞会使他赢得了天才表演者的赞誉。分析句子结构可知，此处要用名词形式，意思是“表演者”。

Ⅱ.单句改错

humour that the audience laughed all through it. 1.The film was so

humourous

解析：考查词形转换。句意：这部电影很幽默，观众全场一直笑着。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，故用形容词humourous。

f ortunate enough to lose my wallet.

2.I was

unf ortunat

e

解析：考查词形转换。句意：我真是倒霉，丢了我的钱包。根据句意，此处表示“不幸的，倒霉的”，故用unfortunate。

home by the earthquake. 3.About three hundred people were made

homeless

解析：考查词形转换。句意：由于地震，大约三百人无家可归。空处在句中作主语补足语，表示“无家的”，故用homeless。

read as far as the fifth chapter, the second volume of 4.Up to now, I

read

have

War and Peace.

解析：考查动词的时态。句意：到现在为止，我已经读到《战争与和平》的第二卷第五章了。结合句中的“Up to now”可知，要用现在完成时。

fortunate the meeting hadn’t begun.

5.I was late, but

fortunatel

y

解析：句意：我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没开始。fortunately幸运地。

6.Can you pick out

up your sister from that group of girls? 解析：句意：你能从那群女孩中认出你的妹妹吗？pick out 辨认出。 7.If we are not content

with

about the progress we have made, we will have greater success.

解析：句意：如果我们不满足于我们已取得的进步，我们将会取得更大的成功。be content with 对……感到满意。

8.He often listens to music in his spare time to in ententerta entertainm himself. 解析：句意：在闲暇时间他经常听音乐放松自己。entertain 娱乐，使欢乐。

9.Jack was

a

∧ failure as a leader, but he achieved great success in writing.

解析：failure ［U ］失败；［C ］失败者，失败的人或物。句意：杰克作为一个领导来说是一位失败者，但是在写作方面他取得了巨大的成功。

10.He rushed home, only f ind to f ind his wife gone. 解析：only to do 作结果状语，表示意外结果。

Ⅲ.阅读理解

In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics（策略）.

One tactic involves where to display the goods. For example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food（垃圾食品）later in their trip. In department stores,the women’s shoe section is generally next to the women’s cosmetics(化妆品) section：while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later.

Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers’senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sales of French wines went up.

When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly

rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the poll through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.

1. Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?

A.To save customers’time.

B.To show they are high﹣quality foods.

C.To help sell junk food.

D.To sell them at discount prices.

解析：C细节理解题。依据第二段的第二、三句可知，商家知道那些购买新鲜蔬菜、水果的人会感到高兴，随后会买更多的垃圾食品，因此商家这样摆放的目的是想销售更多的垃圾食品。

2. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?

A.Opening the store early in the morning.

B.Displaying British wines next to French ones.

C.Inviting customers to play music.

D.Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.

解析：D细节理解题。依据第三段可知，烘焙食物的气味能激发人们的购买欲望，因此商家在早上把面包烘焙好，让气味在商场飘荡，以促使人们更多地消费。

3. What is the California builder’s story intended to prove?

A.The house structure is a key factor customers consider.

B.The more costly the house is, the better it sells.

C.An ocean view is much to the customers’taste.

D.A good first impression increases sales.

解析：D推理判断题。依据尾段的第二句和尾句可知，因为有好的环境，顾客很快决定买房，因此良好的第一印象能促进销售。

4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A.To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.

B.To introduce how businesses have grown from the past.

C.To report researches on customer behavior.

D.To show dishonest business practices.

解析：A主旨大意题。文章介绍了商家采用不同的吸引人们消费的策略，因此选项A能概括文章的大意。

Basic Table Manners

Table manners are the rules used while eating. 5 Each family or group sets its own standards for how strictly these rules are to be carried out. Here are some basic table manners for you.

?The host or hostess takes the first bite unless he or she instructs otherwise. 6 In a group dining situation, it is considered impolite to begin eating before all the group have been served their food and are ready to start.

?7 Ask for the items to be passed to you. Diners should pass those items directly to the person who asked. This shows considerations, too.

?The fork is held with the left hand and the knife held with the right. Eat with a fork unless the food is meant to be eaten with your fingers.

?Don’t pick anything out from your teeth. 8

?Chew with your mouth closed. Licking one’s fingers and eating slowly can also be considered impolite.

?Children are often expected to ask permission to leave the table at the end of the meal.

In conclusion, we can see table manners are not only about proper eating. 9

A. Different cultures observe different rules.

B.Remember to clean around your mouth at times.

C.Don’t reach over someone’s plate for something.

D.This includes not talking when your mouth is full.

E.It’s also about being kind and considerate to others.

F.The host begins after all food is served and everyone is seated.

G.If it bothers you a lot, excuse yourself and go to the bathroom to take it out.

5.A 本段是对餐桌礼仪进行整体概括，纵观选项，A“不同的文化有不同的餐桌礼仪”符合语境。

6.F空格前面一句提到，除非（女）主人另有指示，否则由他们开始吃第一口饭，由此可见，此处说的是开饭的场景，F“等所有食物都上齐且所有人已经就坐之后主人就会开始吃饭”符合语境。

7.C空格后面提到，让别人把自己想吃的东西直接递到你面前，而不能越过别人的盘子去取食物，因此选C。

8.G空格前面一句提到，不要剔牙，G“如果嘴里的食物让你不舒服，离开一下，到洗手间再剔牙”紧承上文。

9.E本段总结餐桌礼仪的重要性，由前面一句中的not only可知，此处选E，即“这也与你对别人友好和体贴相关。”

Ⅳ.短文改错 Students need enough sports and activities to keep fit and relax,

but and in some schools students are not given

giving enough time to do outdoor activities. Teachers ask students to spend most of their time

on

at studies. But if students feel tired, they can ’t pay attention to what

that they ’re studying. They will be in a bad health. It ’s also not good for their his studies. In my opinion opinions , it ’s important to

∧ give students enough time to do outdoor activities. Then they will enjoy better health and work

harder hard . So please pay more attention to

students student ，

health and growth.

1.此处表转折关系。

2.此处用被动关系。

3.spend some time on sth.在……上花费时间。

4.what 引导的宾语从句，作studying 的宾语。

5.in bad health “健康状况差”中间不用冠词。

6.此处指“全体学生们”。

7.此处用单数。 8.构成It is important to do sth.固定句型。动词不定式做真正的主语。

9.与前面better 构成比较级的并列形式。

10.此处应用名词所有格作定语。