指南 你肯定不会知道的美国那些事!
你所不知道的美国那些事？
美国是一个非常有意思的国家，如果你没有真正的来过美国，那么就不会对这个国家有一个深刻的了解，当然也永远不会知道关于美国和美国人那些有意思的事。今天金征远移民带您一起来探究一下，在美国你不知道的那些事儿。
实际上，在美国什么都是一个字“大”—尤其是食物份量
美国的饭菜份量大到离谱。出去下馆子需要分着吃。不是消费不起，而是实在一次吃不了那么多。这可说是美国饮食文化的一大传统了，当然也是充分考虑到美国人的食量而来的，所以对于我们来说，简直就是大的离谱了。
美国人民特别着迷体育和健身
整个夏天，网球和台球场地全都是暴满状态，更别提健身房了。美国的城里人观念好，特别注重保健和锻炼，一般身材也比较棒。每天很多人在路边跑步、骑车或者跑50多英里的马拉松。
超市——商品种类之多，令人咋舌
沃尔玛是美国最大的连锁超市，其最大的特点就是大，商品种类齐全，连一般超市里都有上百种冷冻比萨，几十种不同品牌的干果可供挑选。就连一个小小加油站的便利店商品都多的吓人，可见美国超市商品种类之多，之全了。
美国商店无理由退货制度惊呆老外
在美国不管买什么东西，就算是吃的，你都可以在90天以内无理由全额退货，(很多店的退货理由一栏下面甚至还有“顾客反悔了”一项可供勾选。)这比起天朝来说天差地别啊，我们的宗旨是一旦售出，概不退货！
除了在大城市外，美国几乎人人都有车
美国是人均汽车拥有量最多的国家之一，除此之外美国公路交通最为发达，使得美国人出行对于汽车十分依赖，因此每个人至少拥有一辆汽车。美国人好像都没有走路跟骑车的概念，如此多的汽车，为什么美国没有雾霾呢？
美国人很爱国
美国人的爱国和自豪感也是出了名的。在美国，到处都挂着国旗。美国人从上幼儿园时就被要求向国旗宣誓效忠，爱国思想可谓根深蒂固。
2015版《美国居民膳食指南》取消胆固醇摄入上限之如医修订版
2015版《美国居民膳食指南》取消胆固醇摄入上限之如医修订版 《中国居民民膳食指南》中经典的三字经：“民以食，为之天；食以养，为之先。饮和食，学匪浅；最权威，看指南。昔内经，称经典；论食饮，有妙言。五谷者，宜为养；若失豆，则不良。五畜者，适为宜；如过量，害匪浅。。。。。。”在美国，政府也每隔五年都会发布新版本的《美国居民膳食指南》，它是每个人如何吃饭的一本“参考书”，此等权威也算得上每个家庭和营养学家们的好帮手。其目的就是要提升全民健康水平以及指导公民如何健康饮食，均衡营养。同时也指导食品公司在产品包装上需要提供必要的营养信息或建议。 据《华盛顿邮报》报道，2015年版的膳食指南将去除胆固醇摄入量限制的标准建议！在美国膳食指南咨询委员会（DGAC）新发布的健康饮食报告中指出：多吃蔬果、粗粮、豆类、坚果、低脂或脱脂奶制品、海产品、也包括低热量的动物性食物。少吃红肉、加工肉类、糖和细粮并建议日常适量喝咖啡。要知道，自1977版以来该指南中的六项核心要点之一就是控制每日胆固醇摄入量少于300毫克，目前的证据显示膳食胆固醇和心脏病之间没有明确相关性，所以此次则认为食物摄入胆固醇将去除其摄入限制。 该报告有两大颠覆性的变化：关注食物选择的可持续性、不再限制膳食中胆固醇的摄入量。 对此，有教授指出，高胆固醇血症与冠心病发病密切相关证据确凿，而饮食中胆固醇的摄入会对循环中胆固醇水平产生很大的影响。“虽然该指南制定者认为过量胆固醇摄入是有害的，但是由于缺乏研究证据支持300 mg/日这一上限，因而取消这一建议。由此看来，不能将此举误解为过多摄入胆固醇无害。”“如果您不喜欢吃降脂药，那就不要过多吃高胆固醇食物。” 【高胆固醇食物】包括动物脑，蛋黄，鹌鹑蛋（每100 g食物中胆固醇含量超过1000 mg）。鸡蛋、鱼籽、鱿鱼、墨鱼、动物肝肾肥肠等内脏胆固醇含量均较高（超过100mg，其中100 g鸡蛋中胆固醇含量约600~700 mg）。 多吃素食少吃肉 很多青少年都是“肉食主义”严重患者，这让家长十分担心，每次蔬菜都变幻着花样连哄带骗式的逼着孩子吃。事实上应该多吃蔬菜、全谷食物、豆类、坚果和植物种子。与目前美国多肉食的饮食结构相比，以素食为主的饮食“更有益健康，也更加环保”。当然，报告没有阻止人们吃肉，但建议人们少吃红肉和加
常耀信《美国文学简史》(第3版)笔记和考研真题详解(9-14章)【圣才出品】
第9章地方色彩小说?马克?吐温 9.1复习笔记 I.Local Colorism（地方色彩主义） The vogue of local color fiction was the outgrowth of historical and aesthetic forces that had been gathering energy since early19th century.Local colorism as a literary trend first made its presence felt in the late1860s and early seventies.It is a variation of American literary realism. Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historians of a vanishing way of life,recorders of a present that faded before their eyes.They concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local character of their regions.They tended to idealize and glorify,but they never forgot to keep an eye on the truthful color of local life.Major local colorists are Bret Harte,Hanlin Garland, Harriet Beecher Stowe,Kate Chopin and Mark Twain. 地方色彩小说的流行是自19世纪早期以来历史和艺术力量凝聚的产物。作为一种文学潮流，地方色彩主义在19世纪60年代晚期和70年代早期初展头角。它是美国现实主义文学的一个分支。 地方色彩主义作家是怀念正在消逝的生活方式的历史家，他们记录了在他们眼前逝去的现在。他们致力于展示描述自己地方的特色，倾向于赞颂地方生活并将其理想化，但是他们又注意不失地方生活的真实色彩。主要的地方色彩主义作家包括布莱特·哈特、汉林·加兰德、哈里耶特·比彻·斯托、凯特·肖邦及马克·吐温等。 II.Mark Twain(1835-1910)（马克·吐温） 1.Life（生平） Mark Twain,pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,is a great literary giant of America. He was brought up in the small town of Hannibal,Missouri,on the Mississippi River.He was twelve when his father died and he had to leave school.He was successively a printer’s apprentice,a tramp printer,a silver miner,a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi,and a frontier journalist in Nevada and California.This knocking about gave him wide knowledge of humanity. With the publication of his frontier tale,he became nationally famous.His first novel The Gilded Age was an artistic failure,but it gave its name to the American of the post-bellum period.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was his masterwork.Mark Twain was essentially an affirmative writer.But toward the latter part of his life,due to some tragic events,he changed to an almost
2010年度《财富》美国500强公司名单
2010年度《财富》美国500强公司名单 排名公司名称(中英文) 营收(百万 美元) 利润(百万 美元) 1沃尔玛(Wal-MartStores)408,21414,335 2皇家壳牌(RoyalDutchShell)285,12912,518 3埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)284,65019,280 4英国石油公司(BP)246,13816,578 5丰田汽车(ToyotaMotor)204,1062,256 6日本邮政控股(JapanPostHoldings)202,1964,849 7中国石油化工股份有限公司(Sinopec)187,5185,756 8中国国家电网(StateGrid)184,496-343 9安盛集团(AXA)175,2575,012 10中国石油天然气集团公司(ChinaNationalPetroleum)165,49610,272 11雪佛龙(Chevron)163,52710,483 12荷兰国际集团(INGGroup)163,204-1,300 13通用电气(GeneralElectric)156,77911,025 14道达尔(Total)155,88711,741 15美国银行(BankofAmericaCorp。)150,4506,276 16大众汽车(V olkswagen)146,2051,334 17康菲石油(ConocoPhillips)139,5154,858 18法国巴黎银行(BNPParibas)130,7088,106 19忠利保险(AssicurazioniGenerali)126,0121,820 20安联集团(Allianz)125,9995,973 21美国电话电报公司(AT&T)123,01812,535 22家乐福(Carrefour)121,452454 23福特汽车(FordMotor)118,3082,717 24埃尼集团(ENI)117,2356,070 25摩根大通(J.P.MorganChase&Co。)115,63211,728 26惠普(Hewlett-Packard)114,5527,660 27意昂集团(E.ON)113,84911,670 28伯克希尔哈撒韦(BerkshireHathaway)112,4938,055 29法国燃气苏伊士集团(GDFSuez)111,0696,223 30戴姆勒(Daimler)109,700-3,670 31日本电报电话公司(NipponTelegraph&Telephone)109,6565,302 32三星电子(SamsungElectronics)108,9277,562 33花旗集团(Citigroup)108,785-1,606 34麦克森公司(McKesson)108,7021,263 35韦里孙通讯公司(VerizonCommunications)107,8083,651 36法国农业信贷银行(CreditAgricole)106,5381,564 37桑坦德银行(BancoSantander)106,34512,430 38通用汽车(GeneralMotors)104,5890 39汇丰控股(HSBCHoldings)103,7365,834 40西门子(Siemens)103,6053,097
常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(美国浪漫主义 欧文 库柏)【圣才出品】
第3章美国浪漫主义欧文库柏 3.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义简介） In the history of American literature, the Romantic period is one of the most important periods. It stretched from the end of the eighteenth century through the outbreak of the civil war. 美国文学中的浪漫主义时期开始于18世纪末，到南北战争爆发为止，是美国文学史上的重要阶段。 1. Background（背景） (1) A nation bursting into new life cried for literary expression. The buoyant mood of the nation and the spirit of the times seemed in some measure responsible for the spectacular outburst of romantic feeling. The literary milieu proved fertile and conductive to the imagination. Magazine appeared in ever-increasing numbers. They played an important role in facilitating literary expansion. (2) Foreign influences added incentive to the growth of romanticism. The Romantic Movement, which had flourished earlier in the century both in England
2017年世界500强(完整榜单)
2017年世界500强(完整榜单) 获悉：最新的《财富》世界500强排行榜于北京时间2017年7月20日晚发布。其中前十名为沃尔玛、国家电网公司、中国石油化工集团公司、中国石油天然气集团公司、丰田汽车公司、大众公司、荷兰皇家壳牌石油公司、伯克希尔-哈撒韦公司、苹果公司、埃克森美孚。 2017年世界500强(完整榜单) 排名公司名companyname营收（百万美元）利润（百万美元）国家1沃尔玛WAL-MART STORES48587313643美国2国家电网公司STATE GRID315198.69571.3中国3中国石油化工集团公司SINOPEC GROUP2675181257.9中国4中国石油天然气集团公司CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM262572.61867.5中国5丰田汽车公司TOYOTA MOTOR25469416899.3日本6大众公司VOLKSWAGEN240263.85937.3德国7荷兰皇家壳牌石油公司ROYAL DUTCH SHELL2400334575荷兰8伯克希尔-哈撒韦公司BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY22360424074美国9苹果公司APPLE21563945687美国10埃克森美孚EXXON MOBIL2050047840美国11麦克森公司MCKESSON1985335070美国12英国石油公司BP186606115英国13联合健康集团UNITEDHEALTH GROUP1848407017美国14CVS Health公司
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平台操作指南
1 附件3: 2014年大庆市农村中小学教师及教学管理干部远程助力培训项目 学员平台操作指南 一、学员学习流程图
二、项目首页简介 （图1） 导航栏中各级主页一应俱全 项目总体培训情况统计区
三、平台操作 （一）注册平台 进入“国培计划”——中小学教师远程培训的网站 https://www.360docs.net/doc/ea12147690.html,，点击用户登录入口的“注册”按钮（如图2），进入 注册页面（如图3）。 （图2） 注册时输入正确的注册码、验证码、选择任教学科（如图3），点击确定，系统会 弹出确认页面（图4），确认信息无误后点击“下一步”进入个人信息填写页面（如图5）。 （图3） （图4） 注册码为10位数字； 选择您所任教的学段、学科； 输入随机验证码，按页面显示码输入即可；
（图5） 填写完个人信息确认无误后，点击“下一步”进入个人详细信息完善页面（如图6）。 （如图6） 信息填写完毕后点击“确定”，系统会弹出信息确认页面（如图7），确认无误后点击“确定” （确认的同时请牢记个人的用户名、密码），系统会再次弹出学员被分配的班级信息，请学员牢记自己所在班级（如图8）。
（图 7） （图8） （二）用户登录 在用户登录入口处，输入已注册成功的用户名、密码、验证码，点击“登陆”（如图9）。 （图9） 温馨提示： 1） 验证码：为电脑自动生成的4为阿拉伯数字，请按照图中的数字进行正确填写； 2） 如果忘记密码 ，请点击“忘记密码”按钮，输入用户名和身份证号码，即可找
回密码。 3）如果忘记用户名，可通过以下三种途径进行咨询： ①全国继教网服务热线：400-812-1228； ②全国继教网服务邮箱：guopei@https://www.360docs.net/doc/ea12147690.html,； ③全国继教网首页的在线咨询服务窗口：学习咨询1、学习咨询2、学习咨询3 随时为您答疑解惑； 点击“更多管理功能”，即可进入学员学习管理页面（如图10、图11）。 （图10） （图11）、 点击“图11”的“我的班级”，可进入所在班级主页，查看本班内学员的学习、研修活动情况。 点击“图11”的的“个人研修工作室”，可进入个人研修主页，可查看自己的学习、研修情况。 （三）选课 点击学员学习平台的左侧菜单栏中“选课”按钮（如图12），进入选课列表。在所选课程前的复选课内打勾，点击“选课”按钮即可选课成功。复选框已打勾且颜色为灰色的为必修课是学员必须学习的。
常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(美国戏剧)【圣才出品】
第19章美国戏剧 19.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American drama（美国戏剧概述） American drama began in 1916 when the Provincetown Players produced Eugene O’Neil’s first play, Bound East for Cardiff. It is true that there were no great masters in the theater comparable in stature to such major figures in fiction as Melville or James, but there had been people who did spadework for the rise of American drama in the 1920s. There was a renaissance of drama in the 1920s. American drama began the process of developing itself into a department of American literature equal in significance to both poetry and the novel. The theater of the Depression was not depressing. Like other branches of literature the drama was preoccupied with social concern. The staging of Tennessee Williams’The Glass Menagerie on Broadway in 1945 was an even of unusual significance, as it marked American drama’s coming of age. The late fifties saw a temporary decline in dramatic productions, but in the next decade, American drama picked up a good deal of fresh energy. With the passage of time there has appeared the increasingly more obvious tendency to “decentralize”from Broadway with more and more plays stages Off-Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway. And from the end of the sixties.
美国文学简史名词解释定义
American Puritanism: Puritanism was a religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England in the late sixteenth century. Under siege from church and crown, it sent an offshoot in the third and forth decades of the seventeenth century to the northern English colonies in the New World--- a migration that laid the foundation for the religious, intellectual, and social order of New England, Puritanism, however,was not only a historically specific phenomenon coincident with the founding of New England; it was also a way of being in the world---a style of response to lived experience---that has reverberated through American life ever since. Doctrinally, Puritans adhered to the Five Points of Calvinism as codified at the Synod of Dort in 1619:(1) unconditional election ( the idea that God had decreed who was damned and who was saved from before the beginning of the world); (2) limited atonement ( the idea that Christ died for the elect only); (3) total depravity (humanity's utter corruption since the Fall); (4) irresistible grace (regeneration as entirely a work of God, which cannot be resisted and to which the sinner contributes nothing); and (5) the perseverance of the saints (the elect, despite their backsliding and faintness of heart , cannot fall away from grace). American Dream: The American Dream is the faith held by many in the United States of America that through hard work, courage, and determination one can achieve a better life for oneself, usually through financial prosperity. These were values held by many early European settlers, and have been passed on to subsequent generations. Nowadays the American Dream has led to an emphasis on material wealth as a measure of success and\ or happiness. Gothic tradition: Gothic novel or Gothic romance is a story of terror and suspense, usually set in a gloomy old castle or monastery. In an extended sense, many novels that do not have a medievalized setting, but which share a comparably sinister, grotesque, or chaustrophobic atmosphere have been classed as Gothic. It contributed to the new emotional climate of Romanticism. Historical novel: a novel in which the action takes place during a specific historical period well before the time of writing ( often one or two generations before, sometimes several centuries), and in which some attempt is made to depict accurately the customs and mentality of the period. The central character---real or imagined---is usually subject to divided loyalties within a larger historic conflict of which readers know the outcome. The pioneers of this genre were Walter Scott and James Fenimore Cooper American Romanticism:Romanticism refers to an artistic and intellectual movement originating in Europe in the late 18th century and characterized by a heightened interest in nature, emphasis on the individual's expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism, and rebellion against established social rules and conventions. The romantic period in American literature stretched from the end of the 18th century through the outbreak of the Civil
明源软件操作指南
明源软件操作指南 Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】
明源软件操作手册第一部分：安装操作 网址：外网登陆地址： 内网登陆地址： 登陆以上网址——显示明源登陆界面——点击屏幕左下角（点击这里检查控件）——下载插件——安装插件——重新登录输入用户名及密码使用软件第二部分：岗位设置及使用权限 1、置业顾问岗位 权限：客户管理、房源查询 2、内勤岗位 权限：客户认购签约管理、合同审核、退换房处理、报表查询 3、外勤岗位 权限：客户贷款管理、报表查询 4、财务收款岗位 权限：财务收款、退款处理 5、财务审核岗位 权限：票据管理、财务审核、报表查询 6、管理员岗位 权限：使用权限管理 第三部分：岗位权限操作手册 1、置业顾问
（1）客户管理：新增客户线索：客户跟进模块——>线索管理——>新增线索（选择客户接触方式来电或来访，其中来电模块，填写内容，主题：咨询产品类型；选择认知途径；目标客户填写客户姓名；选择客户类型及称谓，填写客户联系方式。来访同上。）——>录入客户信息——>保存关闭。 （2）销售机会：客户跟进——>线索管理——>双击线索列表客户（选择跟进阶段，并且在）——>转销售机会——>保存关闭。 （3）客户回访：客户跟进——>销售机会——>选择跟进阶段，并且在交互明细选择邮件、短信、电话、信函、会面等跟进状态，填写跟进内容——>保存关闭。 （4）房源查询：交易管理——>房源查询——>项目选择——>点击所选楼栋——>房源查询。 2、内勤 （1）认购：交易管理——>房源查询——>选中房间——>右边框点击认购——>跳出对话框填加详细客户信息，下一步填写客户证件号码、电话、地址必填。在填写定单信息时，确定建筑成交单价、房间总价、录入协议编号、应收定金、签署日期、业务归属日期、业务员。——>确定——>填写定单详细信息——>保存关闭。 （2）签约：交易管理——>房源查询——>选中认购房间——>签约——>填写详细信息——>保存关闭。 说明：填写签约详细信息时，录入付款方式，签署日期，业务归属日期，核对建筑成交单价，房间总价。
中美两国居民膳食指南摘录-大字版
中国营养学会编著的《中国居民膳食指南（2016）》中有六大核心膳食准则推荐，指导国人采用健康膳食模式提升健康水平，但并没有单独为素食者人群推荐专门的素食健康膳食模式。 在最新的《2015-2020美国膳食指南》中，美国农业部为本国居民推荐了三种健康膳食模式，其中一种就是为素食者人群开发的素食健康膳食模式，因此可结合中国居民膳食指南，为中国素食者人群提供科学素食的依据与参考。 下文章节是对中美两国膳食指南中部分内容的摘录，翻译部分列出了原文，不准确的地方请不吝指正。 一、《2015-2020美国膳食指南》摘录 1.1、美国膳食指南中的三种膳食模式 Appendix 3. USDA Food Patterns: Healthy U.S.-Style Eating Pattern 附录3：美国农业部食物模式：美式健康膳食模式 Appendix 4. USDA Food Patterns: Healthy Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern 附录4：美国农业部食物模式：地中海式健康膳食模式 Appendix 5. USDA Food Patterns: Healthy Vegetarian Eating Pattern 附录5：美国农业部食物模式：素食健康膳食模式
1.2、美国农业部推荐的素食食物模式- 素食健康膳食模式 The Healthy Vegetarian Pattern is adapted from the Healthy U.S.Style Pattern, modifying amounts recommended from some food groups to more closely reflect eating patterns reported by self-identified vegetarians in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). 素食健康膳食模式是以美式健康膳食模式为基础衍生而来，为了更精确地反映在全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）中自称是素食者所提供的饮食调查数据，在本次新版指南中修改了一些食物组中的建议食用数量数据。 This analysis allowed development of a Pattern that is based on evidence of the foods and amounts consumed by vegetarians, in addition to meeting the same nutrient and Dietary Guidelines standards as the Healthy U.S.-Style Pattern. Based on a comparison of the food choices of these vegetarians to nonvegetarians in NHANES, amounts of soy products (particularly tofu and other processed soy products), legumes, nuts and seeds, and whole grains were increased, and meat, poultry, and seafood were eliminated. Dairy and eggs were included because they were consumed by the majority of these vegetarians. 根据NHANES对素食者饮食数据的调查与分析，开发了一种基于素食者食用食物和数量数据为基础的素食健康膳食模式。通过将这些素食者与NHANES调查中的非素食主义者的食
常耀信《美国文学简史》笔记和考研真题详解(纽约派诗人 沉思型诗歌 黑山派诗人)【圣才出品】
第22章纽约派诗人?沉思型诗歌?黑山派诗人 22.1 复习笔记 I. The New York School（纽约派诗人） 1. Features of the New York School（纽约派诗歌的特点） The so-called New York School became well known with the publication of Donald Allen’s 1960 anthology. The poets of the New York School were different in their separate pursuits, but their poetry reveals something they shared in common. (1) For one thing, they were all vehemently up against the dominant New Critical values such as the impersonal presentation of images, and tried to assert their individual poetic voice. (2) They also introduced the popular and the low features of life into their writings like popular songs, comic strip figures, and Hollywood movies. (3) Thirdly, they exhibited a huge sense of humor, offering room as their poems did for elements like the vulgar and the sentimental. (4) Finally, they experimented with Surrealism, for a while. 所谓的纽约派是随着唐纳德·艾伦1960年发表的文集而出名的。纽约派诗人的追求各异，但他们的诗歌都有相同的特点。
美国文学简史(第三版)复习 常耀信
美国文学作者作品 Edwards: 爱德华兹 The Freedom of the Will 《论意志自由》 Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended 《论原罪》 The Nature of True Virtue 《论真实德行的本原》 名篇：Personal Narrative 《自述》 Sinners in the hands of an Angry God 《愤怒上帝手中之罪》 Benjamin Franklin:本杰明·富兰克林 Poor Richard’s Almanac《穷理查德年历》Autobiography 《自传》 Washington Irving:华盛顿·欧文 A History of New York《纽约外传》The Sketch Book 《见文札记》名篇：Rip Van Winkle《瑞普·温·凡克尔》 The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 《睡谷传奇》 James Fenimore Cooper:詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏Leatherstocking Tales 《皮袜子故事集》 The Pioneer 《拓荒者》The Prairie 《大草原》 The Last of Mohicans《最后的莫希干人》 The Pathfinder《探路人》The Deerslayer 《猎鹿者》
Ralph Waldo Emerson:拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 Nature 《论自然》Self-Reliance 《论自立》Essays 《随笔集》名篇：The American Scholar 《美国学者》（has been regarded as “American Declaration of Intellectual Independence”被誉为美国思想的独立宣言） The Poet Henry David Thoreau:亨利·戴维·梭罗 Walden 《瓦尔登湖》 Nathaniel Hawthorne:纳撒尼尔·霍桑 The Scarlet Letter《红字》 The House of the Seven Gables 《七个尖角阁的房子》 Mosses from an Old Manse《古厦青苔》 The Blithedale Romance《福谷传奇》 The Marble Faun 《玉石神像》 Ethan Brand 《伊桑布兰德》 Young Goodman Brown 《好小伙子布朗》 Dr. Heidggeger’s Experiment 《海德格博士的体验》 The Ambitions Guest 《野心勃勃的客人》 The Greast Stone Face 《巨石脸》
美国膳食指南
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Recommended Dietary Allowances and Adequate Intakes, Total Water and Macronutrients Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academies Life Stage Total Water a Carbohydrate Total Fiber Fat Linoleic Acid α-Linolenic Acid Protein b Group (L/d) (g/d) (g/d) (g/d) (g/d) (g/d) (g/d) Infants 0 to 6 mo 0.7* 60* ND 31* 4.4* 0.5* 9.1* 6 to 12 mo 0.8* 95* ND 30* 4.6* 0.5* 11.0 Children 1–3 y 1.3* 130 19* ND c7* 0.7* 13 4–8 y 1.7* 130 25* ND 10* 0.9* 19 Males 9–13 y 2.4* 130 31* ND 12* 1.2* 34 14–18 y 3.3* 130 38* ND 16* 1.6* 52 19–30 y 3.7* 130 38* ND 17* 1.6* 56 31–50 y 3.7* 130 38*ND 17* 1.6* 56 51–70 y 3.7* 130 30*ND 14* 1.6* 56 > 70 y 3.7* 130 30*ND 14* 1.6* 56 Females 9–13 y 2.1* 130 26*ND 10* 1.0* 34 14–18 y 2.3* 130 26*ND 11* 1.1* 46 19–30 y 2.7* 130 25*ND 12* 1.1* 46 31–50 y 2.7* 130 25*ND 12* 1.1* 46 51–70 y 2.7* 130 21*ND 11* 1.1* 46 > 70 y 2.7* 130 21*ND 11* 1.1* 46 Pregnancy 14–18 y 3.0* 175 28*ND 13* 1.4* 71 19–30 y 3.0* 175 28*ND 13* 1.4* 71 31–50 y 3.0* 175 28*ND 13* 1.4* 71 Lactation 14–18 3.8* 210 29*ND 13* 1.3* 71 19–30 y 3.8* 210 29*ND 13* 1.3* 71 31–50 y 3.8* 210 29*ND 13* 1.3* 71 NOTE: This table (take from the DRI reports, see https://www.360docs.net/doc/ea12147690.html,) presents Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) in bold type and Adequate Intakes (AI) in ordinary type followed by an asterisk (*). An RDA is the average daily dietary intake level; sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98 percent) healthy individuals in a group. It is calculated from an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). If sufficient scientific evidence is not available to establish an EAR, and thus calculate an RDA, an AI is usually developed. For healthy breastfed infants, an AI is the mean intake. The AI for other life stage and gender groups is believed to cover the needs of all healthy individuals in the groups, but lack of data or uncertainty in the data prevent being able to specify with confidence the percentage of individuals covered by this intake. a Total water includes all water contained in food, beverages, and drinking water. b Based on g protein per kg of body weight for the reference body weight, e.g., for adults 0.8 g/kg body weight for the reference body weight. c Not determined. SOURCE: Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (2002/2005) and Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate (2005). The report may be accessed via https://www.360docs.net/doc/ea12147690.html,.