英语单词中英文解释

compulsion

/ k?m?p?l?n; k?mˋp?l??n/ n ~ (to do sth) 1 [U] compelling or being compelled 强迫; 强制;

被迫: I refuse to act under compulsion, ie because I am forced to. 我决不能让人逼着做事. * You need feel under no compulsion to accept, ie do not have to accept. 你不必勉强接受.

[C] urge (esp to behave in an irrational way) that one cannot resist （不能克制的）慾望, 冲动, 要求（尤指不合情理的行为）: a compulsion to destroy things毁物慾.

should have done只用于谈论过去情况，主要有两个用法：

■用于推测过去已经发生的情况。如：

He should have arrived by now. 此时他本该到了。

用于指本该发生而实际上未发生的情况。如：

You should have told me so before. 你早就应该告诉我。

would have done:本应该那样做却没有做

would not have done：本不应该做的事却做了

多数情况下用于虚拟语气中．

other than 不同于,除了,与…不同；与…不同方式

There’s nobody here other than me.除了我这里没别人.

You can’t get there other than by swimming.你只能靠游泳游到那边去.

rather than 用来表示“是...而不是...”,通常连接两个并列成分

eg:He is an artist rather than a philosopher.

他是位艺术家而不是位哲学家.

set `off begin (a journey, race, etc) 开始（旅行﹑赛跑等）: What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程? * They've set off on a journey round the world. 他们已经开始环游世界. * If you want to catch that train we'd better set off for the station immediately. 你要是想赶上那班火车, 咱们就最好马上动身去火车站. set sth off (a) cause (a bomb, mine, etc) to explode 使（炸弹﹑地雷等）爆炸: Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off. 这些烟火要格外小心, 稍有火星就能引起爆炸. (b) cause or prompt sth 引起或激发某事物: Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling. 股票市场上人心惶惶, 掀起抛售浪潮. (c) make sth appear more attractive by contrast （通过对比）使某事物更有吸引力: That jumper sets off the blue of her eyes. 在这件毛衣衬托下, 她眼睛的蓝色显得更漂亮了. set sb off (doing sth) cause sb to start (doing sth) 使某人开始做（某事物）: Don't set him off talking politics or he'll go on all evening. 可别让他谈起政治来, 要不然他一谈就得一个晚上. * Her imitations always set me off (laughing). 她模仿别人的动作, 每次都把我逗得哈哈大笑.

duck2

/ d?k; d?k/ v

[I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] move (esp one's head) down quickly, to avoid being seen or hit 迅速低下（尤指头）（以免被看见或被打中）: I saw the gun and ducked under the window. 我见到枪就迅速俯在窗下. * Duck your head down!低下头!

[Tn, Tn.pr] push (sb) under water for a short time 使（某人）浸入水中片刻: Her sisters ducked her in the river. 她的姐妹把她按到河里.

[Ipr, Tn] (infml 口) ~ (out of) sth avoid or dodge (a duty, responsibility etc) 躲避, 推脱, 推委（任务﹑责任等）: It's his turn to wash up but he'll try and duck out of it. 轮到他刷锅洗碗, 他却想法儿逃避.

Her love for him blinded her (to his faults). 她非常爱他以至（对他的缺点）丧失了判断力.

shut

/ ??t; ??t/ v (-tt-, pt, pp shut)

(a) [Tn] move (a door, lid, window, etc) into a position where it blocks an opening 关上（门﹑盖子﹑窗户等）: shut the doors and windows at night 夜晚把门窗都关上* shut the drawer 关上抽屉* I can't shut the suitcase lid when it's so full. 衣箱装得很满, 我盖不上盖子了. * He shut the door on her/in her face, ie wouldn't let her in. 他把她关在门外了. (b) [I] (of a door, etc) move or be able to be moved into such a position （指门等）关上, 能关闭: The window won't shut. 这窗户关不上. * The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超级市场的门是自动关的.

grey

(also esp US gray) / gre?; ɡre/ adj

(a) of the colour between black and white; coloured like ashes, slate, lead, etc 灰色的; 灰白的: grey eyes, hair, etc 灰色的眼睛﹑头发等* a grey suit灰色西装. (b) [usu pred 通常作表语] having grey hair 有灰色头发; 有花白头发: She has turned quite grey recently. 她近来头发多已斑白. * I'm going grey. 我的头发开始白了. (c) dull; cloudy 灰暗的; 阴沉的: a grey day阴沉的一天.

ease1

/ i?z; iz/ n [U]

freedom from work, discomfort, pain or anxiety 安逸; 舒适; 无痛苦; 无忧虑: a life of ease 安逸舒适的生活* ease of mind 心情舒畅* The injection brought him immediate

ease. 他经注射後疼痛顿消. Cf 参看easy1 2.

(idm 习语) (stand) at `ease (as a military command 用作军事口令) (stand) with feet apart and hands behind the back 稍息. Cf 参看attention 4. (be/feel) at (one's) `ease (be/feel) comfortable and unworried; (be/feel) completely relaxed （感到）舒适而无忧虑; （感到）完全松弛: I never feel at ease in his company. 我跟他在一起总是感到很不自在. * Finish the work at your ease, ie in your own time. 你可以从容地把这项工作做完（在你方便时）. ill at ease => ill1. put/set sb at (his, her, etc) `ease make sb feel comfortable, free from embarrassment, etc 使某人感到舒适﹑不拘束等: He had been dreading their meeting but her warm welcome soon put him at his ease. 他对彼此相见一直忐忑不安, 可是她热情相迎使他很快就无拘无束了. put/set sb's mind at ease/rest => mind1. ,take one's `ease stop working or worrying; relax 不再工作或忧虑; 休息; 轻松; 放心: She sat down and took her ease by the fire. 她坐在火旁休息一下. with `ease without difficulty 容易地; 无困难地: He passed the test with ease. 他轻而易举地考及格了.

sneak n (infml 口) cowardly deceitful person (esp one who informs on others) 怯懦而惯於欺骗的人（尤指告密者）.

sneak adj [attrib 作定语] acting or done without warning; secret and unexpected 出其不意的; 秘密而突如其来的: a sneak attack 偷袭* a sneak preview 不公开试映* a sneak look at a letter偷看信.

sneakers n [pl] (US; Brit infml 口) = plimsoll s: He wore old jeans and a pair of sneakers. 他穿着旧牛仔裤和胶底运动鞋.

sneaking adj [attrib 作定语] (esp of an unwanted feeling) secret and unexpressed （尤指不应有的情感）私下的, 暗地的: have a sneaking respect, sympathy, etc for sb 暗地里敬佩﹑同情...某人* I have a sneaking (ie unproved and vague but possibly right) suspicion that he stole my wallet. 我心想准是他偷了我的钱包.

rug

/ r?g; r?ɡ/ n

thick floor-mat (usu smaller than a carpet) 厚地毯（通常比carpet小）: a `hearth-rug 壁炉前的小地毯.

(a)faint light after sunset or before sunrise 日落後或日出前的微光; 曙光; 暮色: I

couldn't see their faces clearly in the twilight. 我在曙色朦胧中看不清他们的脸. (b) period of this 黎明或薄暮时分: farmers walking home at twilight 黄昏时走回家的农民* Twilight is a dangerous time for drivers. 黎明或黄昏是司机容易出事的时间.

the ~ (of sth) (rhet 修辞) period of decreasing importance or strength; decline 衰落时期; 没落: the twilight of his career 他事业的衰退时期* [attrib 作定语] his twilight years 他的暮年.

haul n

1 act of hauling 拖; 拉; 运送.

2(usu sing 通常作单数) distance to be travelled 移动的距离: short/medium/long haul aircraft 短程[中程/远程]运输飞机* Our camp is only a short haul from here. 我们的营地近在咫尺.

3 (a) quantity of fish caught in a net at one time 一网的捕鱼量: The fishermen had a good haul. 渔民捕得满满一网鱼. (b) (fig 比喻) amount gained by effort 经努力获得的数量: The thief got away with a huge haul. 那个贼偷走了大量财物.

4 (idm 习语) a long haul => long1.

jolt

/ d??ult; d?olt/ v

[I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sb/sth to) move with sudden jerky movements （使某人[某物]）颠簸着移动: The old bus jolted along (a rough track). 旧公共汽车（沿凹凸不平的小路）颠簸而行.

(phr v) jolt sb into/out of sth make sb act by giving him a sudden shock 使某人受到震惊而采取行动: He was jolted out of his lethargy and into action when he realized he had only a short time to finish the article. 他意识到须在很短时间就得把文章写完, 立即动手写起来.

> jolt n (esp sing 尤作单数)

1 sudden bump or shake; jerk 震动; 摇晃; 颠簸: stop with a jolt停止时震动了一下.

2 (fig 比喻) surprise; shock 惊奇; 震惊: The news of the accident gave her an unpleasant jolt/quite a jolt. 她听到出事的消息吃了一惊[大吃一惊].

jolty adj jolting 震动的; 摇晃的; 颠簸的.

eventful

adjective

full of things that happen, especially exciting, important or dangerous things: an

eventful day / life / journey

/ se?l; sel/ v

(a) [Ipr, Ip] travel on water in a ship, yacht, etc using sails or engine power; move forward on ice, a sandy beach, etc in a wheeled vehicle with sails （乘船或机帆船﹑游艇等）作水上旅行; （坐带帆的轮式运载工具）在冰上或沙滩上滑行: sail up/along the coast 向[沿]海岸航行* sail into the harbour 驶入海港* an oil tanker sailing by驶过的油轮. (b) [I] (usu 通常作go sailing) travel on water in a boat with sails, esp as a sport 乘帆船航行; （尤指）帆船运动. =>Usage at travel用法见travel.

[I, Ipr] ~ (from...) (for/to...) (of a ship or the crew and passengers) begin a voyage （指船或船员和乘客）起航: When does the ship sail? 这船何时起航? * He has sailed (from

Southampton) for New York. 他已乘船（从南安普顿）去纽约了.

[Tn] travel by ship across or on (a sea, an ocean, etc) 乘船在（海洋等）上或越过（海洋等）旅行: sail the Aegean in a cruiser乘游艇在爱琴海上旅游.

[I, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (be able to) control (a ship or boat) （能）驾驶（船）: Do you sail? 你会驾驶船吗? * She sails her own yacht. 她驾驶自己的游艇. * He sailed the boat between the islands. 他驾驶着船在两岛之间航行.

/ fens; f?ns/ n

structure of rails, stakes, wire, etc, esp one put round a field or garden to mark a boundary or keep animals from straying 栅栏; 篱笆; 围墙. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page vi.

(idm 习语) come down on one side of the fence or the other => side1. sit on the fence => sit.

> fence v

1 [Tn] surround, divide, etc (sth) with a fence 用栅栏﹑篱笆﹑围墙等将（某物）围着或隔开等: Farmers fence their fields. 农人用篱笆把田地围起. * His land was fenced with barbed wire. 他的土地用铁丝网围着.

ringer

noun

= BELL-RINGER

(AmE) a horse or person that takes part in a race illegally, for example by using a false name

ringer

[英][?r???(r)][美][?r???]

n.

套环，投环;

lousy

/ ?lauz?; ˋla?z?/ adj (-ier, -iest)

infested with lice 多蝨的.

(infml 口) very bad or ill 极坏的; 极不适的: a lousy holiday 极糟的假日* I feel lousy. 我觉得很不舒服.

[pred 作表语] ~ with sth/sb (sl 俚) having more than enough of sth/sb 大量; 多: In August the place is lousy with tourists. 八月里这地方游客多如牛毛.

heck

/ hek; h?k/ interj, n (infml euph 口, 婉) (used to express mild annoyance or surprise or for emphasis 用以表示轻度的懊恼或惊讶, 或用以加强语气) hell: Oh heck, I'm going to be late. 糟糕, 我要迟到了. * We had to wait a heck of a long time. 我们可等了很长时间.

elegant

/ ?el?g?nt; ˋ?l?ɡ?nt/ adj tasteful and stylish in appearance or manner （相貌或仪态）优雅的, 文雅的, 高雅的: an elegant woman, coat, style of writing 文雅的女人﹑高雅的外衣

﹑优美的写作风格* elegant manners优雅的仪态. > elegance / ?el?g?ns; ˋ?l?ɡ?ns/ n [U]. elegantly adv: He always dresses elegantly. 他总是穿得很讲究.

have the grace to do sth be polite enough to do sth 出於礼貌而做某事: He might have had the grace to say he was sorry!他本可以出於礼貌说声抱歉的嘛! in sb's good `graces approved of and favoured by sb 为某人赞同和喜爱: I'm not in her good graces at the moment. 我此刻尚未讨得她的欢心. a saving grace => save1. with (a) bad/good `grace reluctantly and rudely/willingly and cheerfully 勉强而粗鲁地[欣然而情愿地]: She apologized with (a) bad grace. 她很勉强地道了歉. * They withdrew their objections with as good a grace as they could manage. 他们极力装出情愿的样子撤回了反对意见. year of grace => year.

back4

/ b?k; b?k/ v

[I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sth to) move backwards （使某物）後退: back (a car) out of/into the garage, onto the road, into (ie hitting) a tree开倒车驶出[驶入]车房﹑驶上公路﹑撞着一棵树.

[Ipr, Tn] ~ (on/onto) sth face sth at the back 背对着某物: Our house backs on(to) the river. 我们的房子背靠着河.

[Tn] (a) give help or support to (sb/sth) 帮助, 支持?某人[某事]?: She's the candidate who is backed by the Labour Party. 她是工党支持的候选人. (b) give financial support to (sb/sth) 给?某人[某事物]?以财务上的支持: Who is backing the film?谁是那影片的赞助人?

[Tn] bet money on (a horse, greyhound, etc) 下赌注於（赛马﹑赛狗等）: I backed four horses but won nothing. 我在四匹马上下了注, 但全都输了. * Did anyone back the winner? 有人下注下在最後胜出的这匹马上了吗? * The favourite was heavily backed, ie Much money was bet on its winning the race. 在那匹热门马上下了重注.

[Tn, Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sth (with sth) cover the back of sth; be a lining to sth 覆盖某物的背面; 作某物的衬里: The photograph was backed with cardboard. 照片背面衬上了一层纸板.

[Tn] sign (sth) on the back as a promise to pay if necessary; endorse 在背面签字作为

可根据需要随时付款的担保; 背书: back a bill, note, etc在单据﹑票据等上背书.

[I] (of wind) change gradually in an anti-clockwise direction (eg from E to NE to N) （指风向）循反时针方向逐渐改变（如由东风转为东北风再转为北风）. Cf 参看veer 2.

(idm 习语) ,back the wrong `horse support the loser (in a contest) 下错了赌注; 支持（竞赛中的）输家.

(phr v) back away (from sb/sth) move backwards in fear or dislike 因害怕或厌恶而後退: The child backed away from the big dog. 那个孩子看见大狗就向後退了. back

`down; US back `off give up a claim to sth; yield 放弃对某事物的要求; 屈服: He proved that he was right and his critics had to back down. 他证明了他是正确的, 而那些非难他的人不得不收起他们那一套. back out (of sth) withdraw from (an agreement, a promise, etc) 不履行（协议﹑承诺等）: It's too late to back out (of the deal) now. 现在要（在这笔交易）打退堂鼓为时已晚. back up (US) = back4 1: You can back up another two yards. 你可以再後退两码. back sb/sth up give support or encouragement to sb/sth 支持或鼓励某人[某事物]: If I tell the police I was with you that day, will you back up my `story/back me `up?假若我对警方说那天我和你在一起, 你肯为我这个说法作证[为我作证]吗? back sth up (computing 计) make a copy of (a file, program, etc) in case the original is lost or damaged 制作（文件﹑程序等的）复制件（以防原件丢失或损坏）.

> backer n

1 person who gives (esp financial) support to another person, an undertaking, etc 赞助人; （尤指）资助人.

2 person who bets money on a horse, etc （赛马等中的）下赌注者.

backing n 1 (a) [U] help; support 帮助; 支持. (b) [sing] group of supporters 一群支持者: The new leader has a large backing. 那位新领导人有大批的支持者. 2 [U] material used to form the back of sth or to support sth 用作某物的背衬材料; 用作支撑某物的材料: cloth, rubber, cardboard, etc backing布﹑橡胶﹑纸板等做的背衬. 3 [U, C usu sing通常作单数] (esp in pop music) musical accompaniment to a singer （尤指流行音乐）为歌手的伴奏: vocal/instrumental backing 和音[伴奏] * [attrib 作定语] a backing group和音小组.

# `back-up n

1 [U] support; reserve 支持; 支援; 後备: The police had military back-up. 警方有军队作後盾. * [attrib 作定语] back-up services 善後服务* the back-up team of a racing driver 赛车手的後勤队.

2 [U, C] (computing 计) (making a) copy of a file, program, etc for use in case the original is lost or damaged （制作）（文件﹑程序等的）复制件（以备原件丢失或损坏时使用）: [attrib 作定语] a back-up disc复制件磁盘.

depot

/ ?dep?u; ˋd?po/ n (

) (a) storehouse, esp for military supplies; warehouse 仓库; （尤指）军需库; 栈房. (b) place where vehicles, eg buses, are kept 车库（如公共汽车的）. (

) (US) railway or bus station 火车站; 公共汽车站.

harmonica

(BrE also mouth organ)

noun

a small musical instrument that you hold near your mouth and play by blowing or sucking air through it

crummy

/ ?kr?m?; ˋkr?m?/ adj (-ier, -iest) (infml 口) bad; worthless; unpleasant 糟糕的; 毫无价值

的; 令人厌恶的: a crummy little street in the worst part of town城中最差之地段的一条邋遢的小街.

appetite

/ ??p?ta?t; ˋ?p??ta?t/ n

[U] physical desire, esp for food or pleasure 肉体的慾望（尤指对食物或享乐）; 食慾; 胃口: When I was ill I completely lost my appetite. 我生病时完全没有食慾. * Don't spoil your appetite by eating sweets before meals. 饭前不要吃糖以免影响食慾. * (fig 比喻) He had no appetite for the fight. 他毫无斗志.

[C] instance of a natural desire for sth （对某事物的）自然的慾望: The long walk has given me a good appetite. 走了长路使我食慾大振. * He has an amazing appetite for hard work. 他出奇地喜爱艰巨的工作. * a person of gross sexual appetites性慾旺盛的人.

tip n

1 small sum of money given to a waiter, taxi-driver, etc as a personal reward for their services （给服务员﹑计程车司机等的）小费, 小帐: He left a tip under his plate. 他把小费放在盘子下面了.

2(a) small but useful piece of practical advice 有用的小建议; 实用的小提示: Here's a handy tip for removing stains from clothing. 有个除掉衣服上污点的窍门儿. (b) private or special piece of information, esp about horse-races, the stock-market, etc 私下的或特别的情报（尤指有关赛马﹑股市等的）: a hot (ie very good) tip for the Derby 有关德比大赛马的极好的信息* Take my tip/Take a tip from me and buy these shares now. 听我的, 立即买下这些股份.

# `tip-off n hint or warning 暗示; 警告: Acting on a tip-off, the police arrested the drug smugglers. 警方根据密报逮捕了毒品走私者.

/ r?ul; rol/ n

(a) cylinder made by turning flexible material over and over on itself without folding it 卷状物: Wallpaper is bought in rolls. 壁纸是成卷买的. * a roll of carpet, film, cloth一卷地毯﹑胶卷﹑布. (b) person or thing with this shape 带有卷状物的人或物: a man with rolls of fat around his stomach腹部有层层肥肉的男子.

(a) small individual portion of bread baked in a rounded shape 小圆面包: Six brown rolls, please. 请给我来六个黑面包. =>illus at bread见bread插图. Cf 参看bun1. (b) (with a preceding n or ns用於名词之後) one of these containing the stated filling 有某种馅的小圆面包: a ham roll 火腿面包* a bacon and tomato roll腌猪肉加西红柿馅的面包. cracker

/ ?kr?k?(r); ˋkr?k?/ n

t hin flaky dry biscuit, typically eaten with cheese薄脆饼乾（多与乾酪一起食用）.

(a) small firework that explodes with a sharp sound 爆竹; 鞭炮. (b) (also Christmas cracker) party toy consisting of a cardboard tube wrapped in paper that makes a sharp explosive sound as its ends are pulled apart, with a small gift, paper hat, etc inside 彩包爆竹（一种宴会时的娱乐用品, 为一硬的纸筒, 内装小件礼品﹑纸帽等, 用纸包裹好, 两端一拉即?啪作响）: a box of crackers一盒彩包爆竹.

(Brit infml approv口, 褒) attractive girl or woman 迷人的姑娘; 有魅力的女子: What a little cracker she is!她真是小美人!

spare2

/ spe?(r); sp?r/ v

[Tn, Dn.n] refrain from hurting, harming or destroying (sb/sth); show mercy to 不伤害（某人[某事物]）; 饶恕; 宽容: Please spare (ie don't kill) me!请饶了我（一命）吧! * (fml 文) spare a person his life, ie not kill him 饶某人一命* if I am spared, ie if I live 假若我幸而不死* They killed the men but spared the children. 他们把男人都杀了, 但放过了孩子. * The woodman spared (ie did not cut down) a few trees. 伐木工人留下了几棵树没砍掉.

[Tn, Dn.n] refrain from using, giving, etc (sth); use as little as possible 节制使用或提供（某事物）; 吝惜; 节约: No trouble was spared to ensure our comfort. 为了我们舒适, 已竭尽全力. * Try to spare her as much distress as possible when you tell her. 你告诉她的时候, 尽量不要让她伤心. * He does not spare himself, ie works, etc very hard indeed. 他不偷懒. * Please spare me (ie don't tell me) the gruesome details. 你可别给我讲那些可怕的细节.

[Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (for sb/sth) be able to afford to give (time, money, etc) (to sb for a purpose) （为某人或某目的）提供（时间﹑钱等）; 拨出; 匀出; 分出: I can't spare the time for a holiday at the moment. 目前我抽不出时间去度假. * Can you spare me a few minutes of your time? 我能耽搁你几分钟吗? * Can you spare me a few litres of petrol? 你能匀给我几升汽油吗? * Can you spare a cigarette for me?给我根烟行吗?

[Tn, Tn.pr] (infml 口) manage without (sb) 无（某人）也可以: I can't spare him today

we need everybody here. 我今天需要他--我们需要人人都到齐. * I can't spare you for that job; you must finish this one first. 我不能放你去做那件事; 你必须先把这件做完.

(idm 习语) no expense spared => expense. spare sb's `blushes do not embarrass sb by praisinghim 不夸奖某人以免使之难为情. spare sb's `feelings avoid hurting sb's feelings 避免伤害某人的感情; 不使某人难堪: He spared her feelings by not criticizing her husband in front of her. 他没当她的面说她丈夫的不是, 以免使她难堪. spare no pains doing/to do sth (fml 文) take as much trouble as is necessary to achieve sth 不遗余力地做某事: The hotel staff spared no pains to ensure that our stay was as enjoyable as possible. 旅馆工作人员对我们照顾得无微不至, 尽量让我们住得舒适. ,spare the ,rod and ,spoil the `child (saying 谚) if you do not punish a child when he does wrong you will spoil his character 孩子不打不成器. (and) to `spare more than is needed; left over 过剩; 有余; 剩余: We have enough fruit and to spare. 我们的水果充足有余. * Do you have any sugar to spare? 你的食糖有富余吗? * There's no time to spare! ie You must act, go, etc as quickly as possible. 没有多余的时间了!

> sparing / ?spe?r??; ˋsp?r??/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ with/of/in sth (fml 文) economical

or frugal with sth; not wasteful of sth 节约; 俭省; 不浪费: be sparing with the sugar 节约用糖* sparing of one's energy 节省精力* not sparing in his advice to others他向别人提供意见时知无不言. sparingly adv: Use the perfume sparingly! 少用些香水!

discretion

/ d??skre?n; d?ˋskr???n/ n [U]

quality of being discreet; good judgement 谨慎; 慎重; 审慎; 明智: to act with discretion 谨慎行事* This is a secret, but I know I can count on your discretion, ie be sure you won't tell anyone. 这可是个秘密, 不过我知道你嘴稳（肯定不会告诉别人）.

freedom to decide for oneself what should be done 自行决断的自由: Don't keep asking me what to do; use your own discretion. 不要老是问我该做什麽事, 你自行决定吧.

(idm 习语) the age/years of di`scretion maturity; age when one is considered able to judge and decide for oneself 成年; 解事年龄; 责任年龄. at sb's discretion on the basis of sb's judgement 依据某人的见解: A supplementary grant may be awarded at the discretion of the committee. 委员会可能酌情追加一笔补助金. di,scretion is the ,better part of `valour (saying usu joc 谚, 通常作戏谑语) there is no point in taking unnecessary risks 不知进退非真勇（不必作无谓的冒险）.

> discretionary / d??skre??n?r?; US d??skre??ner?; d?ˋskr???n??r?/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语]

used, adopted, etc when considered necessary 根据需要而使用的﹑采取的等; 便宜施行的: discretionary powers, measures, etc 可便宜施行的权力﹑机动措施. * discretionary payments to old people酌情发放给老年人的补助金.

/ ?t??tl; ˋt?tl/ n

large reptile that lives in the sea and has flippers and a large horny shell 海龟.

(US) any of various types of reptile with a large shell, eg a tortoise, terrapin, etc （任何种类的）龟（如陆龟﹑水龟等）. =>illus at tortoise见tortoise插图.

(idm 习语) turn `turtle (infml 口) (of a boat) turn upside down; capsize （指船）倾覆, 翻.

# `turtle-dove n type of wild dove noted for its soft cooing and its affectionate behaviour towards its mate and young 斑鸠.

`turtle-neck n (garment, esp a sweater, with a) close-fitting neckband that is higher than a crew neck but does not turn over like a polo-neck 高而紧的（但不翻转的）领口; 有这种领口的衣服（尤指毛衣）. `turtle-necked adj: a turtle-necked sweater 高领毛衣. =>illus at neck见neck插图.

jersey

/ ?d???z?; ˋd??z?/ n (pl ~s)

(also jumper, pullover, sweater) [C] close-fitting knitted (esp woollen) garment without fastenings, usu worn over a shirt or blouse 针织（尤指毛织）紧身套衫（通常穿在衬衣外面）: a thick green jersey厚的绿色套头毛衣.

(also jersey-wool) [U] soft fine knitted woollen fabric used for making clothes 优级细毛纱.

[Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (on) sth; ~ sb on sth (cause sb to) make a beginning on sth; (cause sb to) begin doing (a job, an activity, a piece of work, etc) （使某人）开始进行某事; （使某人）着手做（某事）: start (on) one's journey home 起程回家* Have you started (on) (ie begun to read or write) your next book yet? 你开始看（或写）下一本书了吗? * It's time to get/time we got started on (ie began) the washing up. 我们该洗餐具了.