基础英语3课后答案

unit 1

Text comprehension

IV．Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1.I planned to keep silent and act in such a way that nobody would notice that I was only a

newcomer in college.

2.For three days, I had not been to the cafeteria due to my feeling of humiliation and shame.

Instead, I stayed alone in my room and ate junk food of various kinds from a vending machine which was in just the right place to aid me in avoiding others.

3.It didn?t matter whether or not you were widely accepted or admired; you didn?t have to

behave to the liking of everybody else.

V ocabulary

I．

1. I had just the feeling of a newcomer at college without the strength a mature student might possess.

2. my apparent confidence

3. some food to appease my hunger (as well as my anxiety)

4. going with the tide was no longer crucial to one?s success

5. foolish and glaring mistakes

II.

distress clutched pose sneaked preoccupation shackles curse deliberation

III.

assure discretion relaxation humiliate strategy embarrassment maneuverable immaturity

IV.

Lived up to headed for seek out has broken out groped for trying on go out to tipped off

V.

V ague (indistinct) inconspicuously (unobtrusively) self-restraint (self-control) Clever( intelligent, sensible) manner (behavior) excited (agitated)

Sneak mature (sophisticated)

VI.

Became popular respect keep up lead to understand found use start

Grammar

II.

1.My decision to resign was wise.

2.Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.

3.My determination to pass the test helped me.

4.Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents.

5.My willingness to cooperate was appreciated.

6.His refusal to help surprised me.

7.The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed at the meeting.

8.Who can have told you that puzzles me.

III.

DBCCABDB

IV.

1.I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classrooms so that I could make a perfectly

timed entrance before each lecture.

2.He wore glasses and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.

3.The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.

4.She locked the door so that she wouldn?t be disturbed.

5.John whispered so that others couldn?t hear him.

6.Please arrive early so that we can start the meeting on time.

7.John has bought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel.

8.The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrate his point.

V.

1. Although/Though

2. yet

3. however/ though

4. however/ nevertheless/though

5. Although/ Though , still/nevertheless

6. Despite/ In spite of

7. although/ though

8. however

9. However

10. Despite/ In spite of

Translation

II.

1.It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.

2.He assumed an air for cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.

3.Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.

4.He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.

5.We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.

6.After cheers and applause died down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech.

7.He is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowd.

8.I feel realities are after all very harsh, so one can hardly live up entirely to his ideals.

Unit 2

Text comprehension

IV.

1.He had dedicated all his time to his work and had no hobby at all, except that he played a golf

game every month which cannot be taken as a hobby anyway.

2.Their daughter said that, when they were still small, her father had become a company man

and her mother had given up any attempt to keep him at home.

V ocabulary

I.

1. died from self-motivated overwork

2. most likely, the presidency of the company; the highest position in the company

3. with no specific skills wanted by employers

4. trying to discover facts about his father; collecting (the neighbors?) memories of his father

5. a person vulnerable to heart attacks

II.

Survived grabs discreetly deceased; obituary conceivably board classics executives

III.

Widowed nerves precisionist competitiveness execution presided martial accompanied

IV.

Died of stay up cares for straightened out picked out given up grabbed at considered for

V.

Exactly immediately slacker (idler, loafer) outlive disconcerted(abashed) departed underweight (slim) successor

VI.

Disappointed wait required read meant

entered cheerfully intensifies gradually became extinct

Grammar

I.

1. have been playing/ have played

2. has been putting/ has put

3. have pulled, haven?t touched

4. have been waiting have waited

5. have picked have grown/ have been growing have never had

6. has been getting/ has got has been rising/ has risen has come

7. has been has been looking hasn?t found

8. has failed has got

II.

abbbaaba

III.

…ve been waiting for; have you been doing; …ve been shopping; …ve bought; met; was waiting; …s ; speaks; has he been learning; did you say; …s been studying; was; Have you gone; …re saying; isn?t ; …ve been walking

IV.

1.has broken

2.has been winning

3.正确

4.has joined

5.…ve known

6. 正确

7. was looking

8. Have been waiting

V.

1. Even so

2. yet

3. However

4. Nevertheless

5. For example

6. In contrast

7. However

8. Also

Translation

II.

1.My immediate boss is a typical workaholic, for he works for over ten hours each day all the

year round.

2.The principal attaches much importance to extracurricular activities and he believes that they

will help to cultivate student?s tremendous interest in the external world.

3.He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work every Monday morning.

4.Since you are leaving the company, you should straighten out the accounts within the week.

5.He often stays up late at night in order to finish writing his Ph. D. dissertation on time.

6.Nothing can replace the profoundest love lodged in one?s heart of hearts.

7.He is considered a natural for the post of the president, for he has been an excellent

vice-president for almost ten years.

8.He is just too common to be picked out from the crowd.

Unit 5

Text comprehension

IV.

1.When we start to tell a lie, we have entered a very intricate situation, as a lie often requires

other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex that it ensnares the liar.

2.One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to make moral right and wrong judgments is

dulled, and he may become less cautious against being caught.

3.The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake of love and

care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists.

V ocabulary

I.

1. very important/ shocking/ traumatic

2. avoid hurting the other?s feelings/ avoid doing something that would upset the other person

3. telling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth

4. a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong, or disastrous

5. under any circumstances/ whatever might happen

II.

Supportive perceived prevarication astounded undermine faltered fibs

V olunteered

III.

Unethical feigned unsparing cynical confoundedly lubricated entangled Willful

IV.

Cover up blurt out set up find out wear/ wore down specializes in professes to complimented on

V.

Evasion (equivocation) chronic (repeated) common (prevalent, omnipresent) slightly insult(reproach, criticize) distort growth ( multiplication) strengthened (consolidated)

VI.

Cancelled overcome follow fell into make it more acceptable feel unhappy about removed from consideration reserve for future use

Grammar

II.

CCBADBBBAA

III.

1.He can?t have told us everything.

2.Something must have gone wrong.

3.She can?t be only thirty years old.

4.They may not know that

5.The road could/may have been closed.

6.The police must know that.

7.There may/could have been a traffic jam.

8.The letter could/may arrive today.

9.That will/must be my mother.

10.There should be time to do some shopping.

IV.

1.When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends.

2.When heated, metal expands.

3.If true, it will cause us a lot of trouble.

4.Whenever possible, they should be typed.

5.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

6.Send the goods now, if ready.

7.If necessary, ring me at home.

8.He glanced about as if in search of something.

V.

1. discussing , having reached

2. paying

3. Lying, sitting

4. to pacify, to be pacified, grumbling

5. repeat , to make , to do

6. going stay

7. to see, to avoid, hitting

8. to arrive, rising

9. doing

10. to make, to see

Translation

II.

1.Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating what to do.

2.Prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman likes to employ.

3.Sometimes the light of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies are ubiquitous.

4.Many women in America profess that they are unhappy with their status as second-class

citizens.

5.On the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the secret.

6.Y ou should get rid of any prejudice, resist temptations and let nothing warp your judgment.

7.Being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled web in his mind.

8.He is very popular among his peers as he always tries to spare others any trouble.

Unit 7

Text comprehension

IV.

1.“Just because I am able to do you a favor/sell you the love potion, I feel safe telling you so

much about my other medicines.”

2.“They, the love potions,” said the old man, “will help change the girl?s attitude towards you.

She will no longer hold you in contempt. Instead, she will begin to give you her deep-felt love and care.”

V ocabulary

1.feeling very much worried and afraid

2.everything I sell could be will deemed as extraordinary

3.difficult to notice

4.much more lasting than the momentary impulse

5.with enthusiasm

II.

Creaky peered acquaintance detachment raptures giddy overwhelmed obliged

III.

Obscurity acquainted perceptible apprehension indifferent rapt overwhelmingly disobliging

IV.

Save up care about indulges in reached for peered about deals in was substituted better off

V.

Perceptible (perceivable, noticeable) postmortem anxiously (fearfully) temporary( transient) grave(cheerless) profoundly (rigorously, strongly) apathetically (indifferently) reason

VI.

Expect have accept imagine was work out became popular demanded

Grammar

I.

CDABBCDC

II.

1.Music Mary likes; sports she doesn?t.

2.Growl you will, and go you must.

3.They have promised to finish the work, and finish it they will.

4.His face not many admired, while his character still fewer could praise.

5.A professor he was, but in name only.

6.He might have agreed under pressure; willingly he would never.

7.This question we have already discussed at some length.

8.Talent Mike has; capital Mike has not.

III.

1.They pronounced guilty every one of the accused.

2.He had called an idiot the man on whose judgment he now had to rely.

3.We cannot set totally aside a whole system of rules devised by Congress itself.

4.The problem then arose of what contribution the public should make.

5.He gave the parcel to the sergeant who occupied the trench opposite.

6.Send the parcel to my father not to my mother.

7.I saw on my way home yesterday a man with a scar across his face trying to escape with a bag

he had snatched from a lady.

8.It was my intention to produce a fairly short one-volume introduction to semantics which

might serve the needs of students in several disciplines and might be of interest to the general reader.

IV.

1.I have seen someone as happy as Mary.

2.John isn?t as tall as his father. / John is not as/so as tall as his father.

3.Michael does not swim as well as Paul.

4.Michael does not swim nearly as/so well as Paul.

5.He is not as/so wise as he is witty.

6.There is nothing quite as/so satisfying as undergoing a difficult process and after long hard

work discovering the true nature of that process.

7.The gap between the sides is not as/so wide as it was. / The gap between the sides isn?t as

wide as it was.

8.It?s not quite as/so straightforward a problem as it might at first seem.

V.

1. such

2. much

3. big a problem

4. much

5. normal a life

6. slowly that before

7. few

8. so

Translation

II.

1.To me, you are definitely more than an acquaintance.

2.Many artisans in this region deal in a variety of handicrafts.

3.They went into raptures over the unexpected success.

4.Much to my surprise, he analyzed with extraordinary detachment the dangerous situation that

threatened all of them.

5.She peered at the stranger from behind the curtain.

6.During the holidays, he indulged in the luxury of a bath of sunshine on the beach.

7.When she learnt the news of his death, she was overwhelmed with grief.

8.I?m not in favor of buying a house on the installment plan; instead, I maintain that everyone of

us should save up for a rainy day.

Unit 8

Text comprehension

IV.

1.It would be unwise to pursue a goal that is bound to fail, although it might be noble to do so.

2.I think the essence of wisdom is to get one?s horizon free from the confinement of time and

space.

V ocabulary

I.

1. consider /take into consideration, give proper value to each/attach adequate importance to each

2. Certainly/V ery probably, brought a good and helpful effect to mankind, in reality/in actual situations

3. talk( disapprovingly) about something less worthy or less important, destroy or ruin each other

4. connected with/ dependent on

5. accordingly

II.

Pursue ceased attainable enmity populous surpassed impartial appallingly

III.

Beneficiaries undesirable horizontally descendants increasingly philosophical unduly standardization

IV.

Required of sought to descended to put first contributed to engage in conferred upon bound up with

V.

Following (subsequent, succeeding) enhance (advance) impressive (sensational) unawareness (ignorance, unconsciousness) instill( indoctrinate) confinement (restriction, restraint) virtue fairness (indifference, neutrality)

VI.

Contracted keep quiet investigate treat go

lost consciousness tolerate get rid of

Grammar

II.

1.There was , there was

2.There are, It is, there is

3.It was/ would be

4.It is , There will be

5.It is, it is

6.It is, it is

7.Is there, it is, there is

8.There is, It will be , it is, it is, there will be

9.It is, it is

10.It is, It is

III.

1.It is no good getting annoyed.

2.It is illegal to drive a car without a license.

3.It was far from clear where the sound was coming from.

4.It is impossible to make a living from her painting.

5.

6. It was a miracle that the little girl wasn?t hurt in the accident.

7.

8. It is obvious that you already know my secret.

9. It will be surprising if the two countries don?t reach an agreement soon.

10. It is an honor that Professor Lee is attending the conference.

IV.

1.When

2.Lest

3.Although

4.Not only, but also

5.Because

6.Although

7.While

8.Since

V.

BACDBABD

Translation

II.

1.The result of the experiment far surpassed their expectations.

2.We should take full account of the cost of the project and the difficulties we might encounter.

3.The fair weather contributed to the success of the scientific expedition.

4.Ronaldo, one of the football stars from Brazil, scored several spectacular goals in the 2002

FIFA World Cup.

5.Many honorary degrees from different colleges and universities in America were conferred

upon Robert Frost for his remarkable contributions to poetry.

6.Patience and perseverance are required in emancipation from bad habits.

7.They tried to instill such new ideas into students? minds.

8.Y ou should demonstrate impartiality in your assessment of the employees.

Text comprehension

IV.

1.Food to us Chinese is one of the greatest joys in life: it is thought about before being prepared;

it is treated with lots of love and care while being prepared; and when it is ready, a great deal of time is devoted to enjoying it.

2.The main reason for the sudden and tremendous popularity of Chinese food throughout the

whole Western world lies in two facts: one is the increased desire for sensual pleasures (which is abundant in Chinese food) and freedom from age-old customs in the West; the other is the notion of physical pleasure provided by Chinese food, which is always ready to satisfy the taste of the eater.

V ocabulary

I.

1. emotional strength to do what on believes to be right

2. material used to produce power; something used to keep the body functioning

3. lower-class type

4. a number of dishes that are served one after another in an orderly way

5. by themselves

II.

Fastidious ecstasies lavish elusive phenomenal proceeding enterprise contrived

III.

Disregard authoritative ubiquity desirable piquancy ceremonially gluttonous derivation

IV.

Come off conform to derives/derived from attend to sprung up came about proceed with lavishing on

V.

Distantly (indifferently) epicure fundamental (primary, principal) produce (make) affirm (state) mix (intermingle, combine) change (modify, adjust) provocative (sharp, pungent)

VI.

Explains accidentally found discuss with start played a prominent role think about it carefully consumed part of interrupting

I.

1. Lev Tolstoy, a great Russian writer, was born in 1828 and died in 1910.

2. My proposal that we should import more equipment from abroad is to be discussed at the meeting.

3. The news that she is invited to the party is very encouraging.

4. The Canadian surgeon Dr. Norman Bethune, a great international fighter, laid down his life for the Chinese revolution.

5. In spite of the fact that they worked day and night on the project, they failed to find out the mechanism of the disease.

6. The announcement that all flights were cancelled because of bad weather greatly distressed the waiting passengers.

7. Mike, the best mechanic in the garage, worked on my car.

8. The amateur boat-builder was constructing a simple model, a small outboard cruiser of conventional design.

III.

CBDABACB

IV.

1.He was less frightened than hurt.

2.Their room is no bigger than ours.

3.George did more work than anyone else.

4.Dick?s behavior is more courteous than Bob?s.

5.I paid three times more for the food than they did.

6.A collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a

house.

7.A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.

8.He is more of a sportsman than his brother.

V.

1. That noise is more than I can bear.

2. We are more than happy to help you in any way we can.

3. No less than a thousand people participated in the marathon.

4. He is no more interested in chemistry than his brother.

5. It is more a poem than a picture.

6. He was accused of no less a crime than high treason.

Translation

II.

1.Y ou should have told me in advance that you would further your studies in America.

2.He lavished too much care on his grandchildren.

3.V arious new technology industries have sprung up.

4.Many English words derive from Latin, Greek and French words.

5.A philosopher holds that contradictory oppositions are ubiquitous.

6.Kindness is part and parcel of his nature.

7.He possessed phenomenal memory and intelligence.

8.He is fastidious about his food and clothes.

Unit 11

Text comprehension

IV.

1.When they start school, children are curious and ready to try every means to explore the

unknown. However, they end up losing the pioneering spirit after years of formal education.

2.“Advanced”learners are likely to make some mistakes. For example, they may become

excessively satisfied with their progress or, on the contrary, put too much pressure on themselves to score further schievements.

V ocabulary

I.

1. view again at another time from a different perspective

2. with immense pleasant surprise

3. be provided with ready answers and ideas

4. do pioneering work

5. Don?t let the knowledge you have acquired be a hindrance to your learning of something new

II.

Precedence stigma proportional strain pertinent injurious relevance therapy

III.

Substantial motivation committed restrictions subtle thrilling complacently unprecedented

IV.

Goes out of the way breaking through consists of hold on to object to live up to gave up based on

V.

Demonstrate (reveal, manifest) flexible interesting (extraordinary, outstanding) abandon (yield, renounce) lead dissatisfaction (discontentment) mild (gentle) harry (pester, harass)

VI.

Submitted take care of attentive to written in honor of accept so involved enthralled began considering

Grammar

I.

Being , to spend, to make, hearing/To hear, To complete, to be, to be , to sit, to hear, howling, Teasing, Playing, Learning

III.

1.sitting at the back

2.for you to do as you are told

3.to swim/to have swum across the Channel

4.to hear that he had already left the company

5.To open the window

6.to trifle with

7.Being a qualified plumber, Paul had no difficulty in finding the leak.

8.ever written

9.Left to himself, he usually gets the job done quickly.

10.Hoping to find the will, she searched everywhere.

IV.

1.To his working, living

2.Having

3.To stealing

4.From doing

5.For playing

6.For doing

7.Being talked

8.On becoming, from putting, for making

V.

1. up for

2. out

3. to

4. out of

5. up against

6. round to

7. in with

8. on

Translation

II.

1.He felt heavily weighted with such high expectations from his parents.

2.He interpreted the incident in a favorable light.

3.I detest him, for he often goes out of his way to backbite others.

4.Many religious teachings urge people to transcend the mundane success.

5.Personal initiative is one of the essential elements in promoting your career.

6.I don?t think it is a good method of teaching to spoon-feed students.

7.I will spare no efforts to accomplish the task by the end of next month, for I don?t want to

suffer from the stigma of having broken my promise.

8.I?ve got much information pertinent to the new policies in education.