读写任务写作答案

读写任务写作答案

集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）

一篇完整的读写任务型写作，应该包括三部分，即概括、正文、结尾。

1、概括：文章第一段为概括段，根据阅读材料的体裁和内容，一般用一两句

话，约30个词进行提炼归纳原材料的中心主题。

2、正文：这部分要根据写作内容要点来分段，一般写作内容有几个要点就分几

段，而且，每段的主题句最好放在段首，然后用一些支撑句进行必要的拓展，即主题句+拓展内容。

3、结尾：可以是总结，也可以是强调主题中心句等。

（一）如何写好概括

记叙文的概括

先通过阅读材料，找出所给材料的六要素，再按一定的逻辑关系将六要素串联起来，组成能体现文章中心的一两句话，如：何时（when）何地（where）谁（who）做了什么事情（what），结果怎样（how）或为什么会这样（why）。用最简练的语言来说明故事讲述了什么，不能拖泥带水讲细节，而且最好讲出故事给你的启示或其中的一个道理。注意人称和时态（一般原文用是什么时态，概括就用什么时态）的使用。切忌罗列细节或掺入个人思想。

例1：

阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括其内容要点。

After graduating from college, I decided to try for a job at a radio station, and then I would become a sports announcer. I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station, but got turned down every time.

Seeing I was disappointed, my mother said, “Everything happens for the best. If you keep on trying, one day something good will happen. You’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happen if not for that previ ous disappointment.”

In one studio, a kind lady told me that big stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperienced person. “Go to small towns to find a small station that’ll give you a chance,” she suggest.

So I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, Peter MacArthur, told me they had already hired an announcer. So I was refused. As I left his office, I ask aloud, “How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can’t get a job in a radio station”

Suddenly MacArthur asked, “What did you say about sports Do you know anything about football” Then he let me stand before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game.

The program director was satisfied with me and I became a sports announcer the next day. Whenever I faced disappoint ment, my mother’s words would come to my mind.

分析:

1、这是一篇记叙文，概括前需找出：

（1）谁？the writer/author

（2）干了什么事？failed lots of times in looking for a job

（3）结果如何？felt very disappointed

（4）经验教训his mother inspired him to keep on, and he succeeded at last

2、然后用自己的话将上述要点表达出来，便是本文概要。

Summary:

While looking for a job, the author suffered one failure after another, which made him feel very disappointed. It was his mother’s encouraging words that inspired him to go on trying until he succeeded.

3、记叙文读写任务写作模板：

第一段：The writer mainly tells us th at…, which…

第二段：After reading the story, I am deeply moved by the hero, who reminds me of…

/The story reminds me of another story that happened to…

第三段：I subscribe to the view that the whole society should attach importance to… Only when we raise people’s awareness of …, can we…

夹叙夹议的概括

夹叙夹议文，先按照记叙文的概括方法，然后加上作者的看法或观点，指出该故事说明了一个什么道理或给人有什么启示或从中得出的哲理。

例2：

To many people even the word “work” sounds unpleasant, not

necessarily because they are lazy. The same man, who dislikes his job

in the factory or even in the office, may work hard at the weekend, painting the house or digging the garden.

What is the reason, then In most case, it is because these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing. It does not give them any real satisfaction. It may be quite easy, like making up wooden boxes, but it is very boring. Very often they are doing a job which is just a small part of a much larger one, such as attaching a door handle to a car. But the part they play in actually making the car is so small that they can never say: I have made something!

Yet in modern society somebody has to do ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets because this is the way society is organized. No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect. Society cannot function a single day without the

“dull and boring” jobs.

分析：

1、这是一篇夹叙夹议文，概括前需找出：

（1）文章叙述了什么？In modern society, many people’s jobs, like cleaning streets, may be boring, small and unsatisfying, but they are necessary.

（2）有什么启示？Ordinary jobs like cleaning streets are worth respecting.

2、然后用自己的话将上述要点表达出来，便是本文概要。

Summary:

Though many people find their jobs boring, small and unsatisfying, ordinary jobs like cleaning streets are necessary in modern society.

And these jobs are worth respecting.

说明文的概括

说明文通常会有明确的主题句，先抓住关键词，并根据各段落的主题，有序地组

织语言，完整表达出文章的中心内容。如果是分析型说明文，概括时要找出文章

所说明的现象、产生该现象的原因及解决问题的方法或建议，然后用自己的话重

组信息点。

例3：

You may not be very familiar with “eco-tourism”—a new term in today’s tourism industry—but in an era of growing environmental consciousness, it is not too difficult for us to imagine and work out

the meaning of this new form of holiday.

Eco-tourism is typically defined as travel to places where the

unique flowers, plants, animals and the cultural heritage are the

primary attractions. It is considered as a kind of responsible tourism which seriously takes ecology and culture into consideration. Therefore, programs involving the conservation and preservation of some natural

and cultural sites also form a part of eco-tourism.

Eco-tourism is developing at great speed. According to a report by the World Tourism Organization, eco-tourism in recent years has enjoyed an annual growth of about 5% worldwide. Over 80 activities have been listed for eco-tourism, such as bird watching, hiking, photography,

mountaineering and participating in various kinds of local cultural events.

Although big cities are still the major places that absorb tourists in our society today, it looks like some smaller towns and rural areas in ecological, cultural and historical resources may well become the new destinations for people to visit tomorrow.

分析：

1、这篇文章的主题段在第二段及最后一段，主要告诉人们什么是生态旅游。因此，在概括时要把文章的主题段的中心话题“cultural heritage, takes ecology and culture into consideration, historical resources”用自己的话表述出来。为避免抄袭嫌疑，原文的takes ecology and culture into consideration可以用attracts tourists by natural and cultural heritage 进行平行互换。

2、建议模板：建议用“一个主句+一个非限制性定语从句/分词短语”，即：写作对象+is…, which…

注意：

1、不必提及具体数字；

2、不能出现个人观点字眼。如：I think/I agree with/I feel sorry for…Summary:

Eco-tourism is a new fast developing form of holiday which attracts tourists by natural and cultural heritage as well as historical resources. It can be a way to protect the environment.

议论文的概括

议论文一般包括“观点（或问题）、论据、结论”三个方面，所以，议论文的概括需要先弄清楚文章的论点、论据、结论，然后用一两句话将这三部分有机地结合起来，使之能反映文章的中心内容。概括对方观点首先是要转换视角，即以“第三人称”或“无人称”来概括。关注文章的首尾句、首尾段及每段的首尾

句。如果文中有一分为二的观点，两种观点都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的观

点。

注意：议论文的主体部分是论证的过程，论据占有很大的部分，但在写概括的时候，不需要详细写论证的过程，一切细节信息，都应该剔除，所以议论文的概括应当将“观点、论据、结论”三个方面同等对待。

例4：

Students should think now about what extracurricular(课外)

activities they would like to participate in may help them deepen their physical, creative, social, political, and career interests by bringing them into communication with other like-minded(志趣相投的) people they didn’t previously know.

You can join groups as a way to get support from other students. A club or group can also be a great way to meet people who are different from you. Lots of youth programs bring people together with those who are different as a way to break down the barriers between people.

Participating in extracurricular activities helps you in other ways, too. It looks good on college and job applications and shows admissions officers and employers you’re well rounded and responsible. Specific activities help with specific goals.

The most basic reason for joining a club or team is that it gives

you something better to do than staring at the wall, wandering the hall, or sleeping all afternoon. People who are participating are less likely to pick up bad habits, like smoking or drinking.

分析：

1、这篇议论文主要论述了参加课外活动的好处，一个段落说到一个好处（may

help you deepen your interests, break down the barriers, helps you in other ways, are less likely to pick up bad habits），在概括时只需把这几

个段落的大意用自己的话转述出来。

第一、二段：widen social circle and improve communication skills

第三、四段：prepare for their future and form good habits

然后运用定语从句和一些并列连词and, as well as把信息点合并成一个句子。

2、建议模板：用一个句子阐述文章的中心论题或作者的观点，再用分词短语或非

限制性定语从句作补充说明。如：The writer argues…+中心论点，which+分论

点/ The writer told us that…

3、然后用自己的话将上述要点表达出来，便是本文概要。

Summary:

The writer argues for the strengths of extracurricular activities,

which help students better themselves in widening their social circle

and improving communication skills, making preparations for their

future as well as forming a good habit.

4、议论文读写任务写作模板

第一段：From what is mentioned above, we k now…

第二段：Those who are in favor of it state/claim that… Opponents of this view argue that…

第三段：I hold the view that priorities should be focus on …

书信的概括

如果读写任务所给阅读材料是书信体，那么，作为回信的开头，summary 通常是写读信后的感受、回信的目的等书信特点，同时，要能概括原文，正确使用人称，体现出书信交流的功能，而且要注意写信的格式和语气。

例5：

Dear David,

I am writing you this email because you're so busy every day with your studies and after-school activities that we seldom have chances to talk face-to-face. There is something that I am very worried about.

You have always been an active boy, willing to help others and always looking for an opportunity to try something new or learn something different. I think these are wonderful qualities but I am concerned that they may be affecting your studies. In the past three months alone you have joined at least four different student clubs. I see these activities taking up more and more of your time. You're always discussing something with your classmates or surfing online. You're also devoting less time to homework and even your teachers say you are looking very sleepy in class.

I know that these kinds of activities are fun and can help your development, but I think they have started to damage your performance

at school. Please remember the most important thing at this stage of your life is your studies. Right now you should do your best in your examinations as it will give you more choices in your future. I beg you to focus on your main goal and not to throw away all your years of hard work

Your loving mother

分析：

1、按照“我已收到了你的来信/邮件，信中表达了。。。（信件的内容）”这一种思路组织结构。

2、建议模板：I’ve received your letter/e-mail expressing…（信件的内容）

Summary:

I have just received your e-mail expressing your concern that I am being distracted from my studies because of my many after-school activities and about the consequences of this for my future.

（二）如何写好正文及结尾

写好段落主题句

概括后要根据要点来写作，通常按要点分段，每一段的第一句最好是主题句，涵盖整段的内容，条理清晰。常考要点及主题句写作模板如下：

1、引出经历

The story reminds me of my own experience.

This story reminds me of a similar experience of me.

2、分析原因

Reasons for this are varied. Some people think…while other people think…

3、说明某事物的重要性

Hobbies and interests play an important role in one’s growing.

4、发表看法

As far as I am concerned, I can’t agree more with…I hold my view for the reason…So it goes without saying that…

From my point of view, I oppose the idea/statement that…For one thing,…For another,…

5、利弊对比

Its advantages can be listed as follows. For one thing,…For another,…however, just as a saying goes, “Every coin has two sides.” …is no exception, and in other words, it still has its negative aspects. To begin with, …In addition,…

6、举例说明

Such examples can be seen easily in our daily life. A good case is…7、心得体会

Having finished reading the story, I was deeply touched.

8、提建议

Suggestions on…can be listed as follows.

Here are my suggestion on…

9、问题解决

The following ways can be adopted to solve the problem.

To solve the problem of…effective measures should be taken. For one thing, …For another,…

10、观点对比

Different people have different opinions on…Some peop le think…because…However, others think…for the reason that…

11、说明异同

There are some similarities between A and B. Both of them…However, some differences are also obvious.

12、假设处境

If I had/were…I would…

掌握结尾技巧

1、常见的总结方式有：

（1）进行总结或概括：用简洁的语言概括中心内容，起画龙点睛的作用。（2）提出建议或呼吁：就某一社会现象或问题，提出积极正面的建议或呼吁。（3）重申观点，强调重要性。

2、总结句前常用的短语有in brief, all in all, to sum up, to summarize, in conclusion, to conclude, in a word, therefore等。

南通一

阅读下面短文，并按照要求作文。

Deer hunting is the most popular big game hunting sport in America! This has continued to be a fact over the years for many reasons. Deer are plentiful throughout America. Despite the fact that they are heavily hunted, deer continue to produce more offspring than are

harvested. In fact, they are becoming a trouble in many areas because of over-population.

The deer is a challenge to hunt. They can see, hear and smell better than human beings. Hunters find it challenging to go into the deer’s territory（领土）and attempt to outwit（以智取胜）them. A successful hunt means meat on the table, and if properly cared for, deer meat is healthy food with a delightful taste.

Almost anyone who hunts can be fortunate enough to bag（捕获）a deer occasionally. However, a consistently successful hunter is a sportsman who can bring home legally taken deer year after year. The more successful hunters are those who spend fewer man-hours bagging a deer. But of course many hunters take great pleasure in just being in the great outdoors. Their hunt is a success regardless of whether they bag a deer or not. Another measure of success is the size, length, and/or number of points the deer antlers（鹿角）have. Generally speaking, it takes a great deal more skill and patience to take an old, smart buck （雄鹿）than a younger deer.

用约30个词写出上文概要。

用约120个词发表你的观点，内容包括：

1）为什么要保护野生动物。

2）如何保护野生动物。

第一段：

Deer hunting is referred to as a popular sport in America, which

provides many people with a lot of pleasure as well as healthy and delicious food. To them, success means more deer hunted and killed.

第二段：

From my point of view, I oppose the hunting sport. For one thing,

wildlife is essential to the earth and helps keep the balance of nature. Some rare species of wildlife are threatened and even dying out gradually. For another, human beings are making attempts to hunt wild animals for a big profit, which results in a sharp decrease in the number of animals. Therefore, it is high time for us to take quick

action to protect them.

第三段：

Effective measures should be taken to solve the problem. First of all, it’s quite necessary for every citizen to realize the importa nce of animal protection. Thus the government should pass some laws to forbid any hunting of wild animals. In addition, those who hunt wild animals illegally should be punished. Only when we attach importance to

wildlife conservation, can we live in harmony with nature.