动词时态和语态用法归纳大全

动词时态和语态用法归纳大全
动词时态和语态用法归纳大全

动词时态和语态

一、动词的分类和形式:

动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气3种形式的变化。

1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为:“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种

2、动词的4种基本形式:动词原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。

3、动词按其构成动词词组作用分为:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。1)实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。还可分为持续性动词和瞬间动词;2)连系动词有两种:一种表特征或状态,另一种表状态变化过程。

4、五种不同的短语动词:1)“动词+介词”;2)“动词+副词”;3)“动词+副词+介词”;4)“动词+名词(或代词)+介词”;5)“be+形容词(包括相当于形容词的过去分词+介词”。

二、动词的时态:

1、一般现在时

一般现在时的构成:当主语是非第三人称单数时:主语+动词原形

当主语是第三人称单数时:主语+动词的第三人称单数形式(动词的词尾要加-S)(规则:一般的动词词尾+S.以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i,+es.辅音字母+o结尾的+es.) 。

一般现在时的用法:1)表示现在的习惯,经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

2)表示客观事实或真理及自然现象,此用法即使出现在过去语境中,也用一般现在时态。如:The sun rises in the east.

3)用于here,there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。如:There goes the bell. Here comes the bus.

2、一般过去时的用法:

一般过去时表示过去发生而现在已结束的动作或状态,常和a moment ago,last year,yesterday,at that time,in the past等表示过去的时间副词连用.

She was a little girl at that time.

一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作.一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情.

句式:主语+过去动词+其他

构成:主语+动词的过去式.动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词.

规则动词的过去式变化如下:

一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:

worked played wanted acted

以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:

lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped

以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:

studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied

以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:

stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped

注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆.

3、一般将来时的用法:1)表示将来的动作或状态。

在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / mon th, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。

一般将来时的基本用法及构成

一般将来时的基本用法是表示单纯的将来事实,由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成

表示将来时间的几种常见方法

英语中除了“will /shall+动词原形”表示半来时态外,还可以有以下多种方法:

(1)用“be going to+动词原形”表示。主要表示打算和预测:

We are not going to stay there long. 我们不准备在那里多待。(表打算)

I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game. 恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测)

Look, it’s going to rain.瞧,要下雨了。(表预见)

注:be going to 后接动词go和come时,通常直接改用其进行时态:

Where is he going to go? / Where is he going? 他打算到哪里去?

(2)用“be to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作;有时也表示命令、禁止或可

能性:

He is to leave for Beijing tomorrow. 他决定明天去北京。

Tell him he’s not to be back late.告诉他不准迟回。

(3)用“be about to+动词原形”表示。主要表示即将要发生的事:

He is about to leave. 他即将要离开。

Sit down, everyone. The film is about to start. 大家坐好,电影马上就要开发始了。

注:该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用:

误:He is about to leave soon [tomorrow].

另外,该结构在美国英语中还可表示“打算”(主要用于否定句):

I’m not about to lend him any more money.我不打算再借给他任何钱。

(4)用“be due to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或时间表将要发生某事:

He is due to leave very soon. 他很快就要离开。

His book is due to be published in October. 他的书计划10月份出版。

(5)用“现在进行时”(即be+现在分词)表示。主要表示按计划或安排要发生的事:

The students are leaving on Sunday. 学生们星期日出发。

We’re having a party next week.我们下星期将开一个晚会。

注:该用法有时表示即将发生的动作:

I’m leaving.我走了。

(6)用“一般现在时”表示。表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事:

The train leaves at 7:25 this evening. 火车今晚7:25分开。

Tomorrow is Wednesday. 明天是星期三。

We have a holiday tomorrow. 我们明天放假。

三种将来时间表示法的比较

(1) “will / shall+动词原形”与“be going to+动词原形”

两者均可表示将来时间和意图,两者有时可换用:

I think it’ll rain this evening. / I think it’s going to rain this evening.我想今晚会下雨。

I won’t tell you about it. / I’m not going to tell you about it. 我不会把这事告诉你的。

但有时有差别:

①若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的,则通常要用be going to;若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的当时才临时想到的,则通常用will。比较:

"Ann is in hospital." "Oh, really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her." “安住院了。”“啊,真的吗?我还不知道。我要去看看她。” (临时想法,不能用be going to)

"Ann is in hospital." "Yes, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow. “安住院了。”“我知道,我打算明天去看

看她。” (事先考虑的意图,不能用will)

②若是有迹象表明要发生某事,通常只用be going to,不用will:

Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain.看那些乌云,要下雨了。

③带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to,而用will:

When he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他回来时我就告诉他这个消息。

If he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他若回来我就告诉他这个消息。

(2)“be going to+动词原形”与“现在进行时”

① be going to主要表示主观想法或意图,而现在进行进表示将来则主要已经强调作出的安排。比较:

I’m going to wash the car if I have time.若有时间我想洗洗车。(主观想法)

I’m picking you up at 6; don’t forget.我6点钟来接你,不要忘了。(已作出的安排)

②但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时,通常要用be going to,不能用现在进行时态:

It’s going to snow before long.不久会下雪。

Things are going to get better soon. 情况很快就会好起来。

③当表示坚持要(不要)某人做某事时,两者均可用:

She’s taking [going to take] that medicine whether he likes it or not. 不管她喜欢不喜欢,她都得吃那药。

You’re not wearing [going to wear] that skirt to school.你不可以穿那条裙子去上学。

(3) “be going to+动词原形”与“be to+动词原形”的区别

两者均可表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,有时可互换(但be to比be going to正式):

Where are we going to stay tonight? 我们今晚住哪里?

I’m (going) to play tennis this afternoon. 我打算今天下午打网球。

另外,be going to 还可表示预测,即根据已有迹象预测将要发生的动作,此时不能用be to:

Look, it’s going to rain.看,要下雨了。

4、现在进行时的用法:1)表示说话时正在进行的动作。2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作。(说话时动

作不一定进行。)

现在进行时的构成

现在进行时由“am / is / are +现在分词”构成。

【说明】动词现在分词的构成方法:

(1)一般在动词后加-ing。如:say—saying, play—playing, think—thinking, study—studying, teach —teaching, blow—blowing, build—building.

(2)动词若以-e结尾, 则去e再加-ing。如:love—loving, make—making, guide—guiding, date—dating.

(3)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ing。如:begin—beginning, regret—regretting, plan—planning, ban — banning.

(4)在以ie结尾的动词后,改ie为y,再加-ing。如:lie—lying, die—dying, tie—tying.

(5)在以-c[k] 结尾的动词后加-king。如:picnic—picnicking, panic—panicking.

现在进行时的用法

1. 表示正在进行

现在进行时除表示说话时正在进行的动作之外,还可表示在短期内临时进行的动作或存在的情况,这种

情况通常不会长期如此,并且在说话时刻也不一定正在进行。如:

Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it.别把梯子拿起,你父亲在用哩。

The professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill. 秘书生病时,教授自己打他的信。

2. 表示短期内在进行

表示在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况,这种情况通常不会长期如此。如:

Her car has broken down. She’s going to work by bike.她的汽车坏了,骑自行车上班。

The professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill. 秘书生病时,教授自己打他的信。

这种情况在说话时不一定在发生。如:

Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it.别把梯子拿走,你父亲在用哩。(说话时不一定正在用)

3. 表示计划或安排

即表示按计划或安排要发生的将来动作,这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会连用一个表示将

来时间的状语。如:

Are you working next week? 你下星期工作吗?

We are having a few guests tonight. 今晚我们有几个客人来。

She is buying a new bike soon. 她不久将买一辆新自行车。

We’re spending next winter in Australia. 我们将要在澳大利亚度过明年冬天。

用arrive, come, go, leave, take off等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常有含有将来意义。如:

He is arriving tomorrow morning on the 16:40 train. 他乘下午4:40的火车明天上午到。

4. 表示屡次发生,带有一定的情感色彩,如表示满意、赞扬、责备、不满、厌烦、不以为然等。

现在进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复的。如:

He is always losing his keys. 他老是丢钥匙。

He is always thinking of his work.他老是想到他的工作。

She’s constantly changing her mind.她老是改变主意。

Some students in my class are forever talking. 我班上有些学生老是在说话。

5、过去进行进的用法:

1)过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2)表示在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况,这种情况通常不会长期如此。

过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。

6、现在完成时的用法:1)表示刚刚完成的动作,常与just连用。2)表示过去发生而持续到现在的动

作或状态,甚至延续到将来。常与since, for连用,但for, since不能与终止性的动词连用。3)表示过去

的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

现在完成时由“have / has +过去分词”构成。

7、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:1)现在完成时与现在有联系,它表示过去的动作对现在所产生的

结果、影响。一般过去时通常表示在过去某一具体时间发生的动作,与现在没什么联系。2)现在完成时表示

过去延续到现在的行为;一般过去时着重过去某一时刻的某一具体动作。

8、过去完成的用法:1)表示在过去某一或动作之前已经完成的动作。常与by, before等介词短语或

一个状语从句或上下文暗示。2)表示由过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作,常和for(有

时可省去)或since 构成的短语或since引导的从句连用。

过去完成时的构成:主语+had+动词的过去分词

9、过去将来时的用法:表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。句式构成:主语+wo uld/should+动词原形

动词时态和语态(2)

一、时态的呼应:在复合句,从句(主要是宾语从句)中的时态,常受主句谓语动词的影响,这就叫做

时态的呼应,时态的呼应一般有如下的情况。

1、如果主句的谓语动词为现在时态,其从句中的谓语动词应该用什么时态就用什么时态,如:Sh

e knows you have been in Beijing for five rears.

2、如果主句中的谓语动词为过去时态,从句中的谓语动词就要用过去时态,但要注意到下列情况:(1)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作与主句中的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,从句中须用一般过去

时或过去进行时,如:She said she was busy then. (2)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓

语动词所表示的动作之前,从句中须用过去完成时,如:I didn’t know that she had been to London twi ce. (3)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之后,从句须用过去将来时,如:They didn’t know when they would have a rest. (4)如果从句中说明的是一种普遍真理现象,虽然主句的谓语动词为过去时态从句中仍要用一般现在时,如:When I was a little child, my father told me t hat the earth is round. (5)如果从句中有表示具体过去时间的状语,虽然其谓语动词所表示的动作发生在

主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前,从句仍用一般过去时,但如果该状语表示的时间不具体,则从句仍要用过去完成时,如:Tome said he was born in 1975.

二、被动语态:英语动词的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被

动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态的句子中,动作的执行者,一般由介词by引起的短语来表示,如:We often help them. (主动)我们常帮助他们。They are often helped by us.(被动)他们常被我们帮助。

1、被动语态各时态的形式是由助动词be的各时态的形式加及物动词的过去分词构成。

2、被动语态八种时态的用法例句:被动语态常用的八种时态的基本用法和主动语态各时态的

基本用法相同,只是句中的主语不是动作的执行者,而是动作的承受者,如:(1)一般现在时:谓语构成: is/am/are done(为动词的过去分词)如:Now English is taught in all middle schools in our countr y.

(2)一般过去时:谓语构成:was/were done 如:The Great hall of the People was built in 1959.

(3)一般将来时: 谓语构成:will/sall be done 如:When will the work be finished?

(4)过去将来时:谓语构成:would/should be done 如:He told us that the work would be finis hed the next day.

(5)现在进行时:谓语构成:is/am/are being done

Your tractor is being repaired now.

(6)过去进行时:谓语构成:was/were being done 如:The child was being examined by the doct

or when they came in.

(7)现在完成时:谓语构成:have/has been done 如:The work hasn’t been finished yet.

(8)过去完成:had been done 如:The new plan had been carried out before the second experi ment began.

3、在下列情况下,一般使用被动语态:(1)当不知道动作执行者是谁或没有必要提到动作执行

者时,如:Paper was first made in China. (2)当强调或突出动作承受者的作用时,如:The new machin e was invented by a 20-year-old young worker.

4、由主动语态转换为被动语态的几种句型:(1)将一个句子由主动语态转换为被动语态时,可

按下列步骤进行:①先将主动结构的宾语改为被动结构的主语;②再将主动语态动词改为被动语态动词;③最后在被动语态之后加介词by,并将主动结构的主语放在by之后(经常被省略),构成介词短语;④由主动语

态动词改为被动语态动词时,要注意被动语态动词中助动词be的各种形式变化,因为被动语态动词的不同人

称和数是由助动词be不同的形式来表示的,如:Trees are planted every spring.(to或 for,如:Grand ma told me an interesting story last night.→Iwas told an interesting story last night./ An int eresting story was told to me last night. (2)主动语态中的宾语加带有宾语补足语时,改为被动语态时,就将宾语改为主语,将宾补保留在原处,而成为被动语态句中主语的补足语了。宾补可以有下列几种情况:①宾补为动词不定式,如:T hey asked her to sing a song. →She was asked to sing a song. 在动词ma ke, see, hear, watch, notice等之后,不定式的to在主动语态里可要省略,而被动语态里不能省,如:To

m was seen to come out of the lab.②宾补为分词,如:They heard them singing at the time.→They w ere heard singing at that time.③宾补为形容词、副词、名词或介词短语,如:She kept me busy all th e morning. →I was kept busy all the morning.(She always takes good care of the children. →The children are always taken good care of. (5)含有情态动词的动词改为被动语态时是将情态动词后面

的动词原形改为被动语态,因其前有情态动词,所以构成被动语态的助动词be就要使用原形,如:They must finish the work before Friday. →The work must be finished before Friday.(6)be going to, be to, used to, have to和had better等结构,其作用相当于情态动词或助动词,在改为被动语态时,只需将

后面的动词原形改为被动语态即可,如:The are not going to put off the football match. →The footb all match is not going to be put off.

初中考英语八大时态总结

巧用英语时态表,掌握英语谓语形式 一、英语时态名称的记忆 二、英语时态形式的记忆:(以动词work为例) 可以分两个步骤记忆: 1、一般现在时: work(当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。) 现在进行时: be + working (be随主语人称和数的变化而变化。) 现在完成时: have + worked (have随主语人称和数的变化而变化,worked 是work的过去分词。) 这三种基本时态形式位于时态表的中心位置,是必须首先记住的。其它形式可推导而出。

2、记住了上面三种时态的形式后,可以设想把时间提前至过去,这三种时态的形式就相应地左移一格成为一般过去时:worked (worked是work的过去式);过去进行时was / were + working;过去完成时had + worked (worked是work 的过去分词)。 把时间错后至将来,这三种时态的形式也就相应地右移一格成为 一般将来时: shall / will + work; 将来进行时: shall / will + be working; 将来完成时: shall / will + have worked。(shall仅用于主语是第一人称时,will可用于主语是任何人称时。)当然,根据shall / will 的用法要求,紧随其后的动词或助动词要用原形形式。 简而言之,把这三种现在时态形式左移变成三种过去时态形式,只需把第一个动词变成过去式即可(一般现在时谓语只有一个动词,也可把它看成为第一个动词)。与此类似,过去将来时的变化是在一般将来时的基础上把第一个动词变成过去式。把这三种现在时态形式右移变成三种将来时态形式,只需在前面加一助动词shall / will (紧随其后的动词或助动词用原形形式)即可。 三、英语被动语态形式的记忆(以动词ask为例)

初中英语时态总结表格

初中英语时态总结表格 篇一:初中英语时态总结表格 动词的时态和语态 一、动词时态 1. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets out.(09年上海高考)A. would sell B. had sellC. have sellD. was selling 解析1:答案为B。本题考查时态。根据句意:Mary利用午饭时间去了售票处,但是所有的票都已卖完了。过去完成时表示过去某时 前已发生的情况,所以 B 选项为正确答案。 2.---Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend --- TerryNever! She 年上海高考题)A. has hate B. hated C. will hateD. hates 解析2:答案为D。本题考查时态.。根据句意:你知道Terry本周末是否会去野营Terry她从不去野营!她讨厌帐篷和新鲜空气!此句中动词表示的是经常性的行为,应该选用一般现在时态。 解题技巧: 遵循时态一致。也就是说应由主句谓语的时态决定 从句的谓语时态。 一般原则是: 1、当主句谓语使用现在时或将来时,从句的谓语根据具体情 况使用任何时态。 e.g. He says that he lives in Wuhan. We hope that there will be many people at your party

today. 2、当主句谓语使用过去时的时候,从句的谓语必须使用过去 范围的时态。 e.g. He said he was writing a novel. The teacher wanted to know when we would finish the experiment.He said his father had been an engineer. 3、当从句表示客观事实,科学真理等时,即使主句谓语用了 过去式的各种时态,从句谓语也应用一般现在时。 e.g. The teacher told them the earth moves around the sun. 4、从句谓语只能用虚拟语气的情况 : 利用时态一致原则确定从句动词时态时,还应注意,若主语动词是表示命令、请求、要求、 建议、劝告等的动词,从句谓语只能用虚拟语气,不能遵循时态一致 原则。e.g. We insisted that we do it ourselves. 二、动词的语态 年上海高考) A. had always been warned B. were always being warned C. are always warning D. always warned 解析1:答案为B。本题考查语态.根据题意:在最近这段恐怖活动期间,人们经常被告诫不要去碰任何无人看管的包裹。主语people 与谓语动词warn之间是被动关系,且时间状语表示过去一段时间内,所以答案为B。 2. In recent years many f ootball club as business to make a profit. (08年上海高考) A. have run B. have been run

动词的时态和语态

动词的时态和语态练习 1 Unless he___ to help us, we shall lose the game. A promises B will promise C would promise D had promised 2 Would you please give him this message the moment he__. A arrives B arrived C will arrive D will be arriving 3 The moment I __ her, I knew something___ wrong. A have seen, gone B had seen,had C saw, was D see,had gone 4 I’m sure he will help her if she___ him. A asks B asked C would ask D had asked 5 However hard you__,you will never succeed in pleasing her. A should try B will try C would try D try 6 As soon as I __ home,I’ll have a hot bath. A have got B will get C get D am getting 7 As soon as i__ the crossroad, the traffic light__ red. A had come to, turned B had come to, had turned C came to, turned D have come to, have turned 8 I’m sure he’ll come to see me before he__ Beijing. A leave B left C will leave D leaves 9 We will not come to any decision until we__ a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly. A are having B had C have D will have 10 She won’t believe it until she__ it with her own eyes. A see B has seen C saw D will see 11 It___ nearly two weeks__ I had received his letter. A is, that B was, that C is, since D was, since 12 It is five years since my dear aunt__ here. A left B has left C is left D had left 13 If it__ rain tomorrow, we will ho9ld the sports meet. A won’t B doesn’t C will D wouldn’t 14 There was complete silence when he___the radio. A has turned off B turned off C had turned off D turns off 15 I don’t know when he ___ ,but when he __ I’ll speak to him. A will come, comes B comes, comes C comes, will come D will come, will come 16---When__ again? ---I’ll let you know as soon as he___. A he returns, returns B will he return, will return C he returns, will return D will he return, returns 17 When I see Jane in the street, she always__ at me. A smiled B has smiled C was smiling D smiles 18 Who__ to school earliest in your class every morning? A come B comes C is coming D are coming 19 Sound travels in the same way as light___. A does B do C travel D traveled 20 It won’t be long before such a thing__ again. A will happen B happens C is happened D happened

16种时态及语态总结

时态语态总结 说明: 1. 英语有16种时态,其中常见的有10种; 2. 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时四种基本时态均有被动语态。

3. 现在进行时、过去进行时有被动语态,而将来进行时和过去将来进行时没有被动语态。 4. 现在完成时、过去完成时有被动语态,将来完成时和过去将来完成时很少用于被动结构。 5. 完成进行时均没有被动语态(包括现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时、将来完成进行时、过去将来完成进行时)。 注意:填充单元格为不常用时态。 ▲用法及举例: 1. 一般时态的被动语态 一般时态的被动形式都由“助动词be+过去分词”构成(动作发生时间由be表现出来) (1) 一般现在时的被动语态 In China, the railways are owned by the state. 在中国,铁路是国有的。 They are asked to shoulder the costs of the repair. 要求他们承担这笔修理费。 The new drug began to operate not long after it is taken. 这种新药服用后不久就会开始见效。 (2) 一般过去时的被动语态: Each couple was asked to complete a form. 要求每对夫妇填一张表。 The thief was handed over to the police. 这个小偷已经送交派出所了。 He was admitted into the club as a member. 他被接纳为俱乐部的会员。 (3) 一般将来时的被动语态:

动词时态语态填空练习

1.The boy is happy because he ___________(sell) out all the newspapers. 2.The plan _____________(give) up because of rain. 3.If it __________(not rain) tomorrow, we ____________(go )fishing. 4.Where ____________you____________(be) these days? 5.Where is Tom? He _________(go) to the post office. He said he _________(come) back soon. 6.Mike says he _________(want )to be a worker after he _________ (finish )school. 7.The last bus ____________just ________(leave) when they ________(get) to the bus stop. 8.She _________(not go) to bed until she _______(finish) her work. 9.Light ___________(travel )much faster than sound. 10.I __________(feel) much better after I _______(take) the medicine. 11.”Where ________we________(meet)?”“Let’s meet outside the park gate.” 12.I_________(be) afraid Mr Johnson __________(not visit) out school tomorrow. 13.I _________(lost) my bike ._________you _________(see) it anywhere? 14.________this kind of car __________(produce) in Shanghai? 15.We __________(see) several members of the family since we ________(arrive) 16.I found that the students _________(play) football on the playground. 17.The shop ___________(close) at this time of day. 18.Where ________your watch _________(lose)? 19.________the doctor __________(send) for last night? 20.Three children ___________(take) good care by the nurse. 21.Some children ___________(take ) good care by the nurse. 22.Some new houses _________(build) by the villagers themselves. 23.What language ________(speak) in Australia? 24.The colour TV _________(buy) in that shop three days ago. 25.He said he __________(stay) here for another two days. 26.The doctor said Jim must ________(operate ) on at once. 27.“__________the bridge _______(repair) yet?”“Yes, the workers_______ already______(repair) it.” 28.We are in Grade One this year, so we _________(teach ) physics next year. 29.“Where _________(be) you last night?”“I_________(ask) to help Tom at home”30.The big tree ________(blow)down in the storm last night. 31.I________ never ________(eat) such delicious noodles before. 32.When we reached the town, it _______(get) dark. 33.We ________(have) lunch when suddenly someone knocked at the door. 34.Lucy said she ________(visit) the school the next month. 35.I ________(wait) until he comes back. 36.You ________(watch) TV after supper, aren’t you? 37.They _________(be) to that small village several times. 39.Can you tell me if it _________(snow) tomorrow? 40.Could you tell me if you _________(read) the story book? 41.He said the lights in the room _________(go) out when he opened the door. 42.I _________(be) fifteen soon. 43.Tom, your aunt _______(come) this afternoon . 44.My teacher often _________(tell) us not to play on the street.

(完整版)初中英语语法八大时态总结,推荐文档

初中英语语法八大时态 一.一般现在时 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句:He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1)表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有:always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将 来要发生的动作。 例如:I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 二.一般过去时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+(助动词)didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 基本结构否定句一般疑问句

(完整版)英语时态语态总结表

英语时态语态总结表

Ⅰ. 英语八种时态归纳复习 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时:

动词时态和语态

动词的时态和语态一、动词的5种基本形式及其变化规则 二、时态的构成及其意义

三、含情态动词的谓语结构 1. You must( dial ) the wrong number. There is no such a person. 2. She can’t ( read ) about the explosion. She didn’t know anything about it. 3. He might( sleep ) next door. Let’s not disturb him. 4. They are so tired now. They must(work) all day. 四、谓语动词各时态的助动词及其作用:1、时态2、否定3、疑问 实践:把下面各句中write的相关谓语改为否定 1. Usually I write novels in the morning. 2. Usually he writes novels in the morning. 3. I wrote a novel last year. 4. I can write a novel. 5. I was good at maths when I was in junior school. 五、改错 1. He go to school from Monday to Saturday, but he not have classes on Sunday. 2. Ice felt cold. 3. They not drank wine, but now they do.

英语16种时态总结

时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。英语时态分为16种: 一. 一般现在时用法: A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般现在时,则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词)可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. (下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。) How often does this shuttle bus run? (这班车多久一趟?) F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将来事情。时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sund ays, etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 二. 一般过去时用法: A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。 B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型,本身表示的就

动词时态和语态用法归纳大全

动词时态和语态 一、动词的分类和形式: 动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气3种形式的变化。 1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为:“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种 2、动词的4种基本形式:动词原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。 3、动词按其构成动词词组作用分为:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。1)实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。还可分为持续性动词和瞬间动词;2)连系动词有两种:一种表特征或状态,另一种表状态变化过程。 4、五种不同的短语动词:1)“动词+介词”;2)“动词+副词”;3)“动词+副词+介词”;4)“动词+名词(或代词)+介词”;5)“be+形容词(包括相当于形容词的过去分词+介词”。 二、动词的时态: 1、一般现在时 一般现在时的构成:当主语是非第三人称单数时:主语+动词原形 当主语是第三人称单数时:主语+动词的第三人称单数形式(动词的词尾要加-S)(规则:一般的动词词尾+S.以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i,+es.辅音字母+o结尾的+es.) 。 一般现在时的用法:1)表示现在的习惯,经常发生的动作或存在的状态。 2)表示客观事实或真理及自然现象,此用法即使出现在过去语境中,也用一般现在时态。如:The sun rises in the east. 3)用于here,there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。如:There goes the bell. Here comes the bus. 2、一般过去时的用法: 一般过去时表示过去发生而现在已结束的动作或状态,常和a moment ago,last year,yesterday,at that time,in the past等表示过去的时间副词连用. She was a little girl at that time. 一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作.一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去的事情. 句式:主语+过去动词+其他 构成:主语+动词的过去式.动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词. 规则动词的过去式变化如下: 一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如: worked played wanted acted 以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆. 3、一般将来时的用法:1)表示将来的动作或状态。 在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / mon th, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。 一般将来时的基本用法及构成 一般将来时的基本用法是表示单纯的将来事实,由“will / shall + 动词原形”构成 表示将来时间的几种常见方法

最新16种时态及语态总结

时态语态总结 说明:

1. 英语有16种时态,其中常见的有10种; 2. 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时四种基本时态均有被动语态。 3. 现在进行时、过去进行时有被动语态,而将来进行时和过去将来进行时没有被动语态。 4. 现在完成时、过去完成时有被动语态,将来完成时和过去将来完成时很少用于被动结构。 5. 完成进行时均没有被动语态(包括现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时、将来完成进行时、过去将来完成进行时)。 注意:填充单元格为不常用时态。 ▲用法及举例: 1. 一般时态的被动语态 一般时态的被动形式都由助动词be+过去分词”构成(动作发生时间由be表现出来) (1) 一般现在时的被动语态 In Chi na, the railways are owned by the state. 在中国,铁路是国有的。 They are asked to shoulder the costs of the repair. 要求他们承担这笔修理费。 The new drug bega n to operate not long after it is take n. 这种新药服用后不久就会开 始见效。 (2) 一般过去时的被动语态:

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