高考英语语法-省略
高考英语语法——省略
无论在口语中还是在书面语中,有时为了讲话简洁或行文方便,常常在不影响文意的情况下将句子中的
某些成分略去,这种现象称为省略。纵观历年高考试题,"省略"在单项填空中频频出现。
简单句中的省略
1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。
(1) (I) Thank you for your help.
(2) (I) See you tomorrow.
(3) (It) Doesn ’t matter.
(4) (I) Beg your pardon.
2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分
(1) (There is) No smoking .
(2) (Is there) Anything wrong ?
(3) (Will you) Have a smoke ?
(4) What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ?
(5) Why (do you) not say hello to him ?
3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be 或完成时态，则须在之后加上be 或have:
(1) –Are you going there? --Yes, I ’d like to (go there).
(2) He didn ’t give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance).
(3) –Are you an engineer? --No, but I want to be.
(4) –He hasn ’t finished the task yet. --Well, he ought to have.
4、省略表语
(1) –Are you thirsty? --Yes, I am (thirsty).
(2) His brother isn ’t lazy, nor is his sister (lazy).
5、同时省略几个成分
(1) Let ’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.
(2) –-Have you finished your work ?
---(I have) Not (finished my work) yet.
主从复合句中的省略
1、主句中有一些成分被省略
(1) ( I ’m ) Sorry to hear you are ill.
(2) ( It ’s a ) Pity that he missed such a good chance.
2、主句中有一些成分被省略
(1) –Is he coming back tonight? --I think so.
(2) –She must be busy now? -- If so, she can ’t go with us.
(3) –Is she feeling better today? --I ’m afraid not.
(4) –Do you think he will attend the meeting? --I guess not.
这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so. 及I suppose/believe/hope not.
并列句中的省略
两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。
(1) My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.
(2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.
(3) When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.
其他省略
1、连词的that 省略
(1) 宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况。
(2) 在定语从句中，that 在从句中作宾语时可省略.另外，凡是进行时态和被动语态的定语从句都可省略关
系代词和be 动词。
2、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分
(1) When (he was) still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night.
(2) She tried her best though (she was) rather poor in health.
(3) If (you are) asked you may come in.
(4) If (it is) necessary I ’ll explain to you again.
状语从句的省略原则主要是：如果从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，就可以经过一定的变动把状语
从句中的主语和谓语的一部分或全部省略，从而使语言更加简洁、明了。现就把各种状语从句的省略。现
象列举如下：
一、时间状语从句中的省略
When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano.
她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。
While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student.
我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生
When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.)
到达之后，来个电报
Don’t come in until (you are) asked to.
不叫你请你不要进来
Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help.
不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。
You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible.
你应尽快让我们知道结果。
注：as在引导时间状语从句时，没有这种省略现象。
我们不可说As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground.
二、地点状语从句中的省略. 地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构：
where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary,Lay these books where possible you can find them easily. 把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方。
Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages.
在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词
三、条件状语从句中的省略
常用的句型是：if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone 等。如：
Send the goods now if (they are) ready.
货物如果准备好了，请送过来。
He will come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他来，他就来
If (it is) necessary, ring me at home.
如果有可能，朝我家里打电话。
Come along with me if (it is) possible.
如果有可能和我一起去吧。
If (it is) true, this will casue us a lot of trouble.
如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。
There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him. 很少有人能记起他。
You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 。
四、让步状语从句中的省略
He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull. 他真是个好人，尽管有时有点无聊。
Even if (I am ) invited to, I won ’t go to such a 即b a使d l邀ec我tu去r e.，我都不想听如此坏的报告
五、比较状语从句中的省略
She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do). 她钢琴弹的我你弹的一样好。
She has finished the work earlier than (it has been) expected. 她这项工作比预料的提前完成
六、方式状语从句中的省略
as if/as though 后还可加n./a./ad./介词短语／现在分词／过去分词／不定式。
He acts as if (he were) a fool. 他的行为举止好象是个傻子。
She talked to the stranger as if (she were) absent-minded. 她和陌生人谈话似乎很不在意。
He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important.
他打开抽屉仿佛要找一件什么重要的东西。
The boy is running impatiently here and there as if (he is) searching for something lost on the sports ground. 这男孩很不耐心地在操场上到处跑着仿佛在找什么东西。
The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg.
足球运动员在操场上打着滚似乎他的腿伤得厉害。
He moved his lips as if (he wanted )to speak. 他的嘴动着仿佛要说什么。
3、不定式符号to 的省略
(1) 并列的不定式可省去后面的to.
I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.
(2) help 当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to 可带可不带.
I will help (to) do it for you.
I will help you (to) do it.
（3）介词but 前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to.
The boy did nothing but play.
(4) 某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感官动词（see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to 等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。
I saw the boy fall from the tree.
The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
The boss made us work 12 hours a day.
We were made to work 12 hours a day.
(5) 主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to 可带可不带。
All we can do now is (to) wait.
(6) find 当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to 可带可不带。
We found him (to) work very hard at the experiment.
但如果是不定式to be，则不能省略。
She found him to be dishonest.
4、连词if 在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化。
(1) Had they time, they would certainly come and help us.
(2) Were I you, I would do the work better.
(3）Should there be a flood, what should we do?
5、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。
The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).
高中英语省略句用法详解及练习
省略句 为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。 Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法 一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式 （am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。 1、when，while引导的时间状语从句 e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street. When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her. 2、if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句 e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited. Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished. 3、though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的 让步状语从句 e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor. Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful.
No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time. （注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式） 4、as if，as though引导的方式状语从句 e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a long sleep. He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作） 二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时， 一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。 e.g. He is taller than his brother (is). I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him. 三、以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is，that is， there is/are。 e.g. If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt. If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm. There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are) any. Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法 关系词的省略关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。 e.g. The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa. I don’t like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl. Ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略 1、当条件状语从句中有were，had，should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形 成倒装句。 e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. = Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 2、Suggest，insist，order，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的从句 中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。 e.g. The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. Ⅳ、不定式符号to的省略 1、感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不定 式作宾语时，不定式省略to。(一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch) 2、do nothing but，can’t help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。 E.g. We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. Hearing the news, sh e couldn’t help but cry. 3、在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope， try，plan，like，love，hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be，have时，也保留be和have。 E.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didn’t want to. Ⅴ、So和not的替代性省略 用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。
最新高考英语语法知识讲解(完整版)
高考英语语法知识讲解 (名师详细讲解语法+配套实战练习，零基础也可以学 好英语，建议下载保存) (绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印收藏) (每天背诵提高英语语感。零基础学英语，每天进步一 点点！)
第一讲座：名词---基础篇 一、名词的复数： 1. 名词变复数的规则形式： 1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups 2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es： city-------cities family-----families 3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es： bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches 4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es： tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes 5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es： leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的： man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3. 单数和复数形式相同： deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4. 某国人的复数： 1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词： 1. 不可数名词： 1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式； 4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示； 2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词： a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格： 1. ’s 所有格：
高考英语语法必考知识点
名词性从句 区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。 需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成 份时，指人用指物用不缺意思和成份时用That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。 引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。 ◆____we can’t get∧seems better than ____ we have∧. A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。 ◆____ ∧caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）： 〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. A．this B．that C．what D．which 考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。答案：C 〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which in介词后面接宾语从句，且从句中缺do的宾语，故选C项。why、how在句中作状语；which在名词性从句中作定语。选C. 〖2011陕西卷〗I’d like to start my own business –that’s I’d do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what 所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后，是表语从句，所填词在从句中做宾语，指物，用what，选D。其余选项与题意不符。 〖2011北京卷〗Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语，选择what。
2020届高考一轮复习英语语法专项十七：连_词
2020届高考一轮复习语法专项十七：连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 （一）并列连词： 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既…又），both … and（不但…而且），not only … but also（不但…而且），not … but（不是…而是），neither … nor（既不…也不），either … or（不是…就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光荣的）yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. （二）从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有： 引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as 引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter（无论）, even if (though) 引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as 引导结果状语从句的：so … that …, such … that … 引导目的状语从句的：so that …, in order that … 引导比较状语从句的：as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than … 引导方式状语从句的：as if … 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 （三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别 1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于“at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying；② when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于“at the time”，也就是说
高考英语语法知识点总结
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
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高考英语最新省略句知识点技巧及练习题
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一下其他几个时态： a选项是were waving——过去进行时，它指的是：①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;——过去时，过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作，所以我们知道a 和b这两个时态都是和过去有关，而和现在是没有一点关系的，所以a和b这两个答案错了。 c. had waved——过去完成时：过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态，那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去，例如： by theend of last year, we had built 5 newschools.到去年年底为止，我们已经建造了5所学校。首先，过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前，所以我们用过去完成时——hadbuil d.和现在是更加没有联系了，所以这个答案也是不正确的。 题干中的时间状语是“for the last halfhour”，注意这个last不是指“最后的”，而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”，那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last halfhour、recent这种词的话，我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时，因为它指的是“刚才”，那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是d. 2. 名词性从句 the information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.
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(完整word版)高考英语语法知识清单
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