美国文学练习题 学生
Basic Literary Knowledge of American Literature
1.American achievements in the short story have demanded international respect and admiration for more
than a century and a half. The first successful American short stories came from _________in the early 19th century.
2.__________is generally thought of as the true beginner of the short stories because he was the first writer
who formulated a poetics of the short stories.
3.As you read from writer to writer, from __________?s …Rip Van Winkle? to __________?s …A Go od Man is
Hard to Find?, you will see the coming of a short story age, growing from an entertaining tale into a story which probes deep into human souls.
4.Modern literary fiction has been dominated by two forms: _________and___________.
5.Washington Irving, “the Father of American Literature”, developed_______ ___ as a genre in American
literature.
6.__________ is usually acknowledged as the originator of detective stories. He is also credited with
developing many of the standard features of detective fiction.
II.Multiple choice
1.Edgar Allan Poe wrote poems which are marvels of beauty and craftsmanship, such as ____.
A. I Hear America Singing
B. The Raven
C. To a waterfowl
D. The fall of the House of Usher
2.The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasis on the___.
A. revolutionism
B. reason
C. individualism
D. rationalism
3.In American literature, the 18th century was the Age of the Enlightenment, ___ was the dominant spirit.
A. humanism
B. rationalism
C. revolution
D. evolution
4.Who was considered the “Poet of American Revolution”?
A. Michael Wigglesworth
B. Edward Taylor
C. Anne Bradstreet
D. Philip Freneau
5.Thomas Jefferson?s attitude, that is, a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the
period we now call___.
A. Age of Evolution
B. Age of Reason
C. Age of Romanticism
D. Age of Regionalism
6.Mark Twain created, in _____, a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of
world literature.
A. Huckleberry Finn
B. Tom Sawyer
C. The Man That Corrupted Hadleybury
D. The Gilded Age
7.The pessimism and deterministic ideas of naturalism pervaded the works of such American writers as___.
A. Mark Twain
B. Scott Fitzgerald
C. Walt Whitman
D. Stephen Crane
8.Although realism and naturalism were products of the 19th century, their final triumph came in the 20th
century, with the popular and critical successes of such writers as Edwin Arlington, William Cather, Robert Frost, William Faulkner and_____.
A. Edgar Allan Poe
B. Sherwood Anderson
C. Washington Irving
D. Ralph Ellison
9.American literature produced only one female poet during the 19th century. She was___.
A. Anne Bradstreet
B. Jane Austen
C. Emily Dickinson
D. Harried Beecher
10.With Howells, James and Mark Twain active on the scene, ____ became the major trend in the seventies
and eighties of the 19th century.
A. sentimentalism
B. romanticism
C. realism
D. naturalism
11.Choose from the following writers a staunch advocate of the 19th century American realism.
A. Mark Twain
B. Washington Irving
C. Stephen Crane
D. Jack London
12.Which writer has naturalist tendency?
A. Frank Norris
B. William Dean Howells
C. Theodore Dreiser
D. Both A and C
13.Early in the 20th century, ____ published works that would change the nature of American poetry.
A. Ezra Pound
B. T.S. Eliot
C. Robert Frost
D. Both A and B
14.The Imagist writers followed three principles. They respectively are direct treatment, economy of
expression and ____.
A. local color
B. irony
C. clear rhythm
D. blank verse
15.____, one of the essays in The Sacred Wood, is the earliest statement of T.S. Eliot?s aesthetics, which
provided a useful instrument for modern criticism.
A. …Sweeny Agonistes?
B. …Tradition and Individual Talent?
C. …A Primer of Modern Heresy?
D. …Gerention?
16.T.S Eliot used a form, that is, the orchestration of related themes in successive movements, in such works
as ____.
A. The Waste Land
B. A Rose for Emily
C. The Scarlet Letter
D. …The Egg?
17.T.S. Eliot?s first major poem (1917)____, has been called the first masterpieces of modernism in English.
A. …The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock?
B. …The Waste Land?
C. …Four Quartets?
D. Prelude
18.The three poets Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot and ____ opened the way to modern poetry.
A. O. Henry
B. Henry David Thoreau
C. E.E. Cummings
D. Robert Frost
19.In 1954, ___ was awarded the Nobel prize for literature fro his “mastery of the art of modern narration”.
A. T.S Eliot
B. Earnest Hemingway
C. John Steinbeck
D. William Faulkner
20.William Faulkner is one of the most important southern writers in the United States. ____, As I Lay Dying,
Light in August, and Absalom, Absalom! are works that ambitious critics tend to admire.
A. The Sound and the Fury
B. The Invisible Man
C. A Good Man is Hard to Find
D. The Wrath of the Grapes
Literature of Colonial America
1.The term “__________” was a pplied to those settlers who originally were devout members of the Church
of England.
2.Harvard College was established in 1636, with a printing press set up nearly in 1639.
3.Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the __________ values that dominated much of the early
American writing.
4.The American poets who emerged in the seventeenth century adapted the style of established European
poets to the subject matter confronted in a strange, new environment. __________ Bradstreet was one of such poets.
5.Br adstreet used a word “__________” to describe the community of believers who sailed from
Southampton England, on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620.
6.The writer who best expressed the Puritan faith in the colonial period was __________.
7.The Puritan philosophy known as __________ was important in New England during colonial time, and
had a profound influence on the early American mind for several generations.
II.Multiple choice
1.Early in the 17th century, the English settlements in ___ began the main stream of what we recognize as the
American national history.
A. Virginia and Pennsylvania
B. Massachusetts and New York
C. Virginia and Massachusetts
D. New York and Pennsylvania
2.The first writings that we call American were the narratives and ___ of the early settlements.
A. journals
B. poetry
C. drama
D. folklores
3.Among the earliest settlers in North America were Frenchmen who settled in the Northern Colonies and
along the ____ River.
A. St. Louis
B. St. Lawrence
C. Mississippi
D. Hudson
4.In 1620 a number of Puritans came to settle in ___.
A. Virginia
B. Georgia
C. Maryland
D. Massachusetts
5.Whose reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have been regarded as the first distinct
American literature written in English?
A. John Winthrop?s
B. John Smith?s
C. William Bradford?s
D. Christopher Columbus?s
6.What style did the seventeenth century American poets adapt to the subject matter confronted in a
strangely new environment?
A.The style of their own.
B.The style mixed with English and American elements.
C.The style mixed with native-American and British tradition.
D.The style of established European poets.
7.____ was a civil covenant designed to allow the temporal state to serve the godly citizen.
A.The early history of Plymouth Colony.
B. The Magnalia Christi America.
C.Mayflower Compact.
D. Freedom of the Will
8.Who among the following translated the Bible into the Indian tongue?
A. Roger Williams
B. John Eliot
C. Cotton Mather
D. John Smith
9.The best of Puritan poets was____, whose complete edition of poets appeared in 1960, more than two
hundred years after his death.
A. Anne Bradstreet
B. Michael Wigglesworth
C. Thomas Hooker
D. Edward Taylor
10.English literature in America is only about more than ___ years old.
A. 500
B. 600
C. 200
D. 100
11.The early history of ___ Colony was the history of Bradford?s leadership.
A. Plymouth
B. Jamestown
C. New England
D. Mayflower
12.The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasis on the ___.
A. revolutionism
B. reason
C. individualism
D. rationalism
13.Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the
“___” who appeared in America.
A. Ninth Muse
B. Tenth Muse
C. best Muse
D. First Muse
14.The ship “___” carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In
December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts.
A. Sunflower
B. Armada
C. Mayflower
D. Titanic
15.Which writer best expressed the Puritan sense of the self?
A. Jonathan Edwards
B. Cotton Mather
C. John Smith
D. Thomas Hooker
16.Before _____ the American newspapers were cultural and literary nature, but after this time, they became
more political.
A. 1620
B. 1700
C. 1775
D. 1750
Literature of Reason and Revolution
1.At the initial period the spread of ideas of the American Enlightenment was largely due to __________.
2.Franklin edited the first colonial magazine, which he called______ ____.
3.Franklin?s beat writing is found in his masterpiece ____ ______.
4.Thomas Paine, with his natural gift for pamphleteering and rebellion, was appropriately born into an age of
__________.
5.On January 10, 1776, Paine?s famous pamphlet __________appeared.
6.Paine?s second most important work __ ________was an impassioned plea against hereditary monarchy.
7.The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century was __________.
8.Philip Freneau?s famous poem “_____ _____” was written about his imprisoned experience.
9.Philip Freneau was a close friend and political associate of President Thomas Jefferson.
10.__________ was cons idered as the “poet of the American Revolution”, because he wrote impassioned verse in
support of the American revolution.
11.Philip Freneau was noteworthy first because of the nature of his poems. They were truly American and very
patriotic. In this respect, he reflected the spirit of his age. Therefore, he has been called the “__________of American poetry”.
12.In American literature, the eighteenth century was an Age of__________ and Revolution.
II.Multiple choice
1.In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment. ___ was the dominant spirit.
A. Humanism
B. rationalism
C. Revolution
D. Evolution
2.In American literature, the Enlighteners were not opposed to___.
A. the colonial order
B. religious obscurantism
C. the Puritan tradition
D. the secular literature
3.The English colonies in North America rose in arms against their parent country and the Continental Congress
adopted ___ in 1776.
A. the Declaration of Independence
B. the Sugar Act
C. the Stamp Act
D. the Mayflower Compact
4.Which statement about Franklin is not true?
A.He instructed his countrymen as a printer.
B. He was a master of diplomacy.
C.He was a Puritan.
D. He was a scientist.
5.The secular ideals of the American Enlightenment were exemplified in the life and career of ___.
A. Thomas Hood
B. Benjamin Franklin
C. Thomas Jefferson
D. George Washington
6.Which of the following does not belong to this literary period?
A. The American Crisis
B. The Federalist
C. Declaration of Independence
D. The Waste Land
7.Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the ___.
A. American Enlightenment
B. Sugar Act
C. Chartist movement
D. Romanticist
8.From 1732 to 1758, Benjamin Franklin wrote and published his famous ___, an annual collection of proverbs.
A. The Autobiography
B. Poor Richard’s Almanac
C. Common Sense
D. The General Magazine
9.The first pamphlet published in America to urge immediate independence from Britain is ___.
A. The Rights of Man
B. Common Sense
C. The American Crisis
D. Declaration of Independence
10.“These are the times that try men?s souls”, these words were once read to Washington?s troops and did much to
shore up the spirits of the revolutionary soldiers. Who is the author of these words?
A. Benjamin Franklin
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. Thomas Paine
D. George Washington
11.Which statement about Philip Freneau?
A. He was a satirist
B. He was a pamphleteer.
C. He was a singer.
D. He was a bitter polemicist.
12.Who was considered as the “poet of American Revolution”?
A. Michael Wigglesworth
B. Edward Taylor
C. Anne Bradstreet
D. Philip Freneau
13.At the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the___.
A. Chartist Movement
B. Romanticist Movement
C. Enlightenment Movement
D. Modernist Movement
14.Thomas Jefferson?s attitude, that is, a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the
period we now call____.
A. Age of Evolution
B. Age of Reason
C. Age of Romanticism
D. Age of Regionalism
Romantic Period of American Literature
1.In the early 19th century Rip Van Winkle established ______ ____?s reputation at home and a broad, and
designed the beginning of American Romanticism.
2.Ralph Waldo Emerson?s first book in 1836 __________ brought American Romanticism into a new phase,
the phase of New England Transcendentalism.
3.In the early 19th century, Washington Irving wrote ____ ______which became the first work by an
American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.
4.__________?s poems have the musical quality and romantic beauty. The Raven is his best-known poem.
The Civil War of 1861-1865 ended in the defeat of the Southerners and the abolition of __________.
5.Leaves of Grass, either in content or form, is an epoch-making work in American literature; its democratic
content marked the shift from __________ to __________, and its __________form broke from old poetic conventions to open a new road for American poetry.
6._______ ___ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American Romanticism.
7. 1823 James Fenimore Cooper wrote The Pioneers, the first of the five novels that make up _______ __.
The remaining four books: The Last of the Mohicans, The Prairie, The Pathfinder and The Deerslayer, continue the story of Natty Bumppo, one of the most famous characters in American fiction.
8.The short story …______ ____? is taken from Washington Irving?s work named The Sketch Book.
9._______ ___ was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary
War.
10.__________ is famous for writing about the sea and the islands of the Southern Pacific. In his master piece
______ ____, he tells a story of whaling voyage which sets a symbolic account of the conflict between man and his fate.
11.The first important American novelist was ______ ____.
12.“To a Waterfowl” is perhaps the peak of _____ _____?s work. It has b een called by an eminent English
critic “the most perfect brief poem in the language”.
13.Among William Cullen Bryant?s most important later works are his translations of the Iliad and the
__________ into English blank verse.
14.Edgar Allan Poe?s poem “__________” is perhaps the best example of onomatopoeia in the English
language.
15.Most of Allan Poe?s stories can be roughly divided into two kinds: tales of Gothic horror or grotesque like
__________, an incisive enquiry into the capacity of the human mind to originate its destruction and _______ ___.
16.A superb book __________came out of Thoreau?s two-year experience at Walden Pond.
17.From Thoreau?s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay “______ __”.
18.In 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne brought out his masterpiece _____ _____, the story of a triangle love
affair in colonial America.
19.Herman Melville?s novel Moby Dick is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a
seemingly supernatural white whale.
20.In “I Hear America Singing”, _____ _____ depicts the beauty of labor and laborers.
21.For the whole 19th century _______ ___ was the only woman poet who enjoys high academic esteem
today. She has been acclaimed as a poet of philosophical and tragic dimensions, a poet who was responsive to the challenging questions of man, nature and human consciousness.
22.The American Romantic period stretches from the end of the 18th century through the outburst of the
__________.
23.The way in which Hawthorne wrote _____ _____ suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to
American Puritan morality.
Multiple Choice.
1. In 1837, the first college-level institution for women, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, opened in ___ to
serve the “Muslin sex”.
A. New England
B. Virginia
C. Massachusetts
D. New York
2. As a philosophical and literary movement, ___ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A. modernism
B. rationalism
C. sentimentalism
D. transcendentalism
3. The appearance of the Scarlet Letter marked the maturity of Hawthorne as a novelist. Soon he composed the
other three important novel including___, The Blithedale Romance and The Marble Faun.
A. The House of the Seven Gables
B. The Prairie
C. The Fall of the House of Usher
D. Walden
4. Transcendentalism recognized ___ as the “highest power of the soul”.
A. intuition
B. logic
C. data of the senses
D. thinking
5. A new ___ had appeared in England in the last years of the 18th century. It spread to continental Europe and
then came to America early in the 19th century.
A. Realism
B. Critical realism
C. Romanticism
D. Naturalism
6. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American
literature, evident in___.
A. James Fenimore Cooper?s Leatherstocking Tales.
B. Henry David Thoreau?s Walden
C. Mark Twain?s Huckleberry Finn
D. of the above
7. Herman Melville?s ___ is not only an adventure story, but also a significant philosophical wo rk on spiritual
exploration.
A. Moby Dick
B. The Egg
C. Nature
D. The Over-Soul
8. Poe?s first collection of short stories is ____.
A. Tales of a Travele r
B. Leatherstocking Tales
C. Canterbury Tales
D. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque
9. The first example of Nathaniel Hawthorne?s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in ___.
A. The Scarlet Letter
B. Young Goodman Brown
C. The Marble Faun
D. The Ambitious Guest
10. Herman Melville called his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne ____ in American literature.
A. The largest brain with the largest heart
B. Father of American poetry
C. The Transcendentalist
D. The American scholar
11. Which is the character who appears in the novel Moby Dick?
A. Hester Prynne
B. Mr. Hooper
C. Ahab
D. Pearl
12. ___ was a romanticized account of Melville?s stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon
made Melville known as the “man who lived among cannibals”.
A. Moby Dick
B. Typee
C. Omoo
D. Billy Budd
13. With the appearance of ___ in 1855, which is about American Indian, Longfellow?s poetical reputation
was established.
A. Evangeline
B. The Courtship of Miles Stanndish
C. Song of Hiawatha
D. Michael Angelo
14. In the early 19th century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint
on the character of the people as a whole than did___.
A. Puritanism
B. Romanticism
C. Rationalism
D. Sentimentalism
15. “The universe is composed of nature and the Soul… Spirit is present everywhere”. This is the voice of the
book Nature written by Emerson, which pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England___.
A. Romanticism
B. Transcendentalism
C. Naturalism
D. Symbolism
16. Which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism?
A. Nature
B. Walden
C. “On Beauty”
D. “Self-Reliance”
17. Which is regard ed as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?
A. The American Scholar
B. English Traits
C. The Conduct of Life
D. Representative Men
18. ___ is an appalling fictional version of Nathaniel Hawthorne?s belief that “the wrong doing o f one
generation lives into the successive ones” and that evil will come out of evil though it may take generations to happen.
A. The Marble Faun
B. The House of Sven Gables
C. TheBlithedale Romance
D. …Young Goodman Brown?
19. In additio n to his novels,____ wrote about 120 short stories and sketches. Among them are …Young
Goodman Brown? and …The Minister of Black Veil?.
A. Henry David Thoreau
B. Nathaniel Hawthorne
C. Ralph Waldo Emerson
D. Herman Melville
Period of Realism
Fill in the blanks
1.By 1875, American writers were moving toward__________in literature. We can see this in the true-to-life
descriptions of Bret Harte, Willim Dean Howells and Hamlin Garland.
2.The most straightforward definition of realism is probably the one given by the American realist__________
________. That is: “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.”
3.Realism first appeared in the United States in the literature of__________, an amalgam of romantic plots and
realistic descriptions of things immediately observable: the dialects, customs, sights and sounds of regional.
4.As one of America?s first and foremost realists and humorists, Mark Twain, the pen name of Samuel Langhorne
Clemens, usually wrote about his own personal experiences and things he knew about from firsthand experiences.
5.At the heart of Mark Twain?s achievement is his creation of two characters: _____ _____ and_____ _____.
6.Mark Twain was born on November 30, 1835, in the village of Florida, Missouri, and grew up in the larger river
town of Hannibal. The__________ which passed daily were the fascination of the town and became the subject matter of Twain?s Life on the Mississippi.
7.Ernest Hemingway, whose own style is based on Twain?s, once said, “All mod ern American literature comes from
____________________.”
8.____ ______, the first American naturalist, was not much influenced by the scientific approach. He was a genius
with amazing sympathy and imagination.
9.In ____________________, Stephen Crane?s gre atest novel, the accident of war makes a young man seem to be a
hero. War changes men into animals. In the view of the author, good or bad, hero or coward, are merely matters of chance, of fate.
10.Hamlin Garland developed a writing method which he called “__________” (meaning truth). He described people,
places and events in a careful and factual manner.
11.____ ______ was a realist, but not a naturalist. He was an observer of the mind rather than a recorder of time. His
realism was a special kind of psychological realism.
12.Henry James first achieved recognition as a writer of the “_______ ___” novel--- a story which brings together
persons of various nationalists who represent certain characteristics.
13.____________________is the best novel of Henry James? “middle period”. It is a story about a young, bright
American girl who goes to Europe to explore life.
14.Dreiser?s greatest novel _______ ___, reveals a last stage in his thinking of social consciousness.
15.____ ______ had an evident influence on naturalism. It seemed to stress the animality of man, to suggest that
man was dominated by the forces of evolution.
16.___ _______was Henry James? most famous and influential critical essay written in response to a lecture on
fiction delivered by an English novelist.
II.Multiple choice
1.___, who became the editor of Harper’s Monthly in 1891,created the first theory for American realism.
A. Emile Zola
B. Hamlin Garland
C. Stephen Crane
D. William Dean Howells
2.___ in the 1860s was the first American writer of local color to achieve wide popularity.
A. Mark Twain
B. William Dean Howells
C. Bret Harte
D. Harriet Beecher Stowe
3.Stephen Crane?s novel: Maggie: A Girl of the Street, is the story of a girl ___.
A.who is brought up in a poor area of Chicago
B.who is loved by her family but betrayed by her friends.
C.who experienced the violence and cruelty of the society almost every day
D.who is evil by nature.
4.In his short story, ___, Stephen Crane shows how even life and death are determined by fate.
A. …The Open Boat?
B. …The Open Window?
C. …War Is Kind?
D. …War is Slaughterhouse?
5.The naturalism of ___ was filled with deep sympathy for the common people. His literature was a form of protests
against the conditions which made the lives of Mid-western farmers so painful and unhappy.
A. Harold Frederic
B. Ambrose Bierce
C. Henry James
D. Hamlin Garland
6.The novel which was described by an American critic as “an outrage to American girlhood” is Henry James? ___.
A. Daisy Miller
B. The Portrait of a Lady
C. Woman in Love
D. Awakening
7.Mark Twain?s first novel, ___, was an artistic failure, but it gave its name to the America of the period whi ch it
attempts to satirize.
A. The Gilded Age
B. Life on the Mississippi
C. The Innocents Abroad
D. The Mysterious Stranger
8.Jack London was at his height of his powers when he wrote ___, which is deeply influenced by Darwinism.
A. The Sea Wolf
B. To Build a Fire
C. The Call of the Wild
D. Martin Eton
9.With the publication of ___ in 1900, Theodore Dreiser committed his literary force to opening the new ground of
American naturalism.
A. An American Tragedy
B. Sister Carrie
C. The Bulwark
D. The Stoic
10.In his works, Theodore Dreiser?s tone is always ___.
A. sad
B. satirical
C. comic
D. serious
20th Century American Poetry
1.__________is a poetic movement of England and the United States, which flourished from 1980-1917.
2.Generally considered the leader of the imagist movement,__________ borrowed techniques from classical Chinese
and Japanese poetry and produced poems stressing clarity, precision and economy of language and foregoing traditional rhyme and meter.
3.________ __by T.S. Eliot is regarded as a central text of modernism. It is said to catch precisely the state of culture
and society after Word War I and graphically illustrate the spiritual poverty of the West of that time.
4.Published in 1917, Prufrock and Other Observations immediately established T.S. Eliot as a leading poem of the avant-
garde. The most notable poem in this collection is entitled …______________________________’.
5.In 1927, T.S. Eliot became a ________ citizen and converted from the Unitarian Church to the Church of England.
6.Among the imagists, ________is credited with giving a female voice to classical myths.
7.Winner of the National Book Award in 1950 and the Pulitzer Prize in 1960, ________________ is the author of the
five-volume epic Paterson which is a lucid statement of the author?s aesthetics.
8.T.S. Eliot also wrote verse plays and he excelled in dramatic monologue. ________________is widely
acknowledged as his best verse play, which is based on the story of Thomas a Becket, a saint of the Roman Catholic Church of the ancient time.
II.Multiple choice
1.Imagist poems are mainly composed in the form of ___.
A. blank verse
B. free verse
C. heroic couplet
D. sonnet
2.Imagism was equivalent to ___ in fiction in a sense. Imagist never stated the emotion in the poem, but just presented an
image: concrete, firm and definite in picture.
A. naturalism
B. romanticism
C. modernism
D. surrealism
3.Pioneer of modern American poetry,___ did not only produce great poetry himself but also helped his contemporary
poets including T.S. Eliot, H.D., and Robert Frost with their literary careers.
A. Robert Lowell
B. Edgar Allan Poe
C. Ezra Pound
D. William Carlos Williams
4.Which of the following poets is a Nobel Prize winner?
A. Ezra Pound
B. Robert Frost
C. T.S. Eliot
D. Wallace Stevens
5.To many who read Fog, I Am the People, the Mob, Grass, and the 21 sections of Good Morning, America, ___ was
successor to 19th century poet Walt Whitman as the proclaimer of the American spirit.
A. T.S Eliot
B. Ezra Pound
C. Robert Frost
D. Carl Sandburg
6.Four of Robert Frost?s poetic collections were Pulitzer Prize winners. They are ___, Collected Poems, A Further Range,
and a Witness Tree.
A. Paterson
B. New Hampshire
C. Cathay
D. Des Imagistes
7. E.A. Robinson wrote narrative poems based on Arthurian legends in his later life. The poems include___, Lancelot, and
Tristram.
A. Merlin
B. Guinevere
C. The Holy Grail
D. Camelot
8.Which of the following was not written by Robert Frost?
A. …The Road not Taken?
B. …After Apple –Picking?
C. …Birches?
D. …Richard Cory?
9.Like T.S. Eliot, ___ mainly appealed to the taste of the so-called elites.
A. E.A. Robinson
B. Wallace Stevens
C. E.E. Cummings
D. Carl Sandburg
10.Like Robert Frost, ___ was also noted for his use of a dry, sometimes biting, New England humor.
A. Carl Sandburg
B. Wallace Stevens
C. E.A. Robinson
D.
E.E. Cummings
11.Carl Sandburg was associated with the imagists and wrote well-known imagist poems such as___.
A. …The Harbor?
B. …Merlin?
C. …Smoke and Steel?
D. …Camelot?
12.The imagist poets followed three principles, they are ___, direct treatment and economy of expression.
A. blank verse
B. clear rhythm
C. free verse
D. everyday speech
13.T.S. Eliot was a ___.
A. playwright, critic and poet
B. critic, poet and novelist
C. novelist, essayist and poet
D. poet, novelist and politician
14.___ championed the imagist movement from 1912 to 1914, setting down the imagist principles. Then Amy Lowell led
the movement into the period of “Amygism”, as Pound called it, from 1914 to 1917.
A. T.S. Eliot
B. H.D.
C. Ezra Pound
D. Carl Sandburg
20th Century American Fiction
I.Fill in the blanks
1.The impact of Darwin?s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the 19th century French
literature on the American men of letters give rise to another school of realism: American __________.
2.The Sound and the Fury has_______sections with _______different narrators. The daughter of the Compson
family named Caddy, who is the only one capable of loving among the Compson children, appears in all the narratives.
II.Multiple choice
1.Of the following Americans writers, who has NOT been an expatriate in Paris?
A. Ernest Hemingway
B. Sherwood Anderson
C. F.S. Fitzgerald
D. Emily Dickinson
2.Which of the following works by Willa Cather shows Thea Kronberg finding spiritual renewal in the American
Southwest?
A. O Pioneers!
B. The Song of the Lark
C. Death Comes for the Archbishop
D. Shadows on the Rock
3.Which of the following statements concerning Willa Cather is NOT true?
A.Estrangement from conventional sexual ity and sex roles is typical of Cather?s main characters.
B.O Pioneers represents the first stage of Cather?s literary life centering around the theme of heroic manhood.
C.Books from her middle period include A Lost Lady and The Professor’s House; both deal with spiritual and
cultural crises in the lives of their main characters.
D.Death Comes for the Archbishop, a work that initiates her third stage and is set in nineteenth century New
Mexico, evokes the solidity of a vanished past.
4.In which of the works of Hemingway does the character Santiago occur?
A. In Our Time
B. The Old Man and the Sea
C. For Whom the Bell Tolls
D. The Sun Also Rises
5.Which of the following statements concerning the role of the sea in Hemingway?s novella The Old Man and the Sea
is NOT correct?
A.Through the protagonist?s interactions with the sea, his character emerges.
B.The sea provides glimpses of the depth of the protagonist?s knowledge.
C.His struggle, resolve and pride are measured in terms of how far out into the gulf he sails.
D.The sea symbolizes the benevolent side of nature.
6.The Hemingway code heroes are best remembered for their___.
A. indestructible spirit
B. pessimistic view of life
C. war experience
D. masculinity
7.Which of the following statements concerning Ernest Hemingway is NOT true?
A.War, hunting, human dignity and triumph have been recurring motifs in Hemingway?s works.
B.His work is preoccupied with the cultural and psychological meanings of femininity.
C.Hemingway identified the rapid change in women?s status after WWI and the general blurring of sex roles that
accompanied the new sexual freedom.
D.As Hemingway aged, his interest in exclusively masculine forms of self-assertion and self-definition became
more pronounced.
8.Who has made the statement that all modern American literature comes from a single book called The Adventure of
Huckleberry Finn?
A. Ernest Hemingway
B. William Faulkner
C. F. S. Fitzgerald
D. T.S. Eliot
9.Who was the first American author that won the Nobel Prize in 1930?
A. Toni Morrison
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. Sinclair Lewis
D. John Steinbeck
10.Which of the following statements concerning Sherwood Anderson is NOT true?
A.His longer fiction is well known for its complex unity.
B.He embraced simplicity and directness of style.
C.He made attractive the use of the point of view of outsider characters as a way of criticizing conventional
society.
D.He presents in his short stories a slice of life or a significant moment as apposed to panorama and summary.
11.Which of the following statements concerning Winesburg, Ohio is NOT true?
A.The book consists of many individual tales with a loose but coherent structure.
B.The lives of a number of people living in the town are observed by the native adolescent George Willard.
C.The book ends with the death of George?s mother and his departure from Winesburg.
D.Through first person point of view, the book enables the reader to see how the lives of the characters have been
profoundly distorted by the frustration and suppression of so many of their desires.
12.“There was music from my neighbor?s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and
went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stares…”. This quotation is taken from…..
A. Moby Dick by Herman Melville
B. Daisy Miller by Henry James
C. Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser
D. The Great Gatsby by F.S. Fitzgerald
13.Which of the following statements is NOT true in describing American naturalists?
A.They used some serious and more sympathetic tone in writing than realists.
B.They were deeply influenced by Darwinism.
C.They were identified with French novelist and theorist Emile Zola.
D.They chose their subjects from lower ranks of society.
14.Among the following writers, who is often acclaimed literary spokesman of the Jazz Age?
A. William Faulkner
B. F.S. Fitzgerald
C. Henry James
D. Eugen O?Neill
15.“Nick Adams” is a character who frequently appears in___?s stories.
A. William Faulkner
B. Theodore Dreiser
C. Mark Twain
D. Ernest Hemingway
16.Nick?s night trip to the Indian village and his experience inside the hut can be taken as ___.
A. an initiation to pain and suffering
B. a confrontation with evil and sin
C. an essential lesson about Indian tribes
D. a learning process of human connections
17.It was The Viking Portable Faulkner edited by ___ in 1946 that first brought Faulkner to critical attention.
A. Malcolm Cowley
B. Phil Stone
C. Sherwood Anderson
D. Gertrude Stein
18.The fictional place that bears marked similarities to the town where___ had been raised was called by himself his
“little postage stamp of native soil”.
A. William Styron
B. Mark Twain
C. William Faulkner
D. John Barth
20th Century American Drama
I.Fill in the blanks
1.Of all the plays that O?Neill wrote, most of them are __________, dealing with the basic issues of human existence
and predicament such as life and death.
2. A type of comedy which depends upon ridiculous situations, exaggerated character types, coarse humor, and
horseplay for its comic effects is called __________.
3.The final outcome of the main complication in a play or story is called __________.
4. A kind of drama representing some action in which serious and comic scenes are blended is called __________. II.Multiple choice
1.Eugene O?Neill?s The Hairy Ape explores the problem of ___ in the early 20th century.
A. human disillusionment
B. the corruption of human desire
C. the loss of human identity
D. human responsibility
2.O?Neill?s inventiveness seemingly knew no limits. He was constantly experimenting with new styles and forms for
his plays, especially during the 20s when ___ was in full swing.
A. symbolism
B. expressionism
C. romanticism
D. realism
3.Which of the following statements concerning Eugene O?Neill is NOT correct?
A.He was influenced by the idea of Freud.
B.He is interested in the world of the mind, of intense inner emotions, memories and fears.
C.He found inspiration and confirmation for his approach in writing centering on family relationship in classical
Greek drama.
D.The unity of his work lies in its controlling intellectual idea.
4.Which of the following statements concerning O?Neill?s Long Day’s Journey into Night is NOT true?
A.The author focuses on the person, rather than the family in the play as the fundamental human unit.
B.The play is designed as a series of encounters. Each character is placed with one, two or three of the others until
every combination is worked through.
C.The Tyrone family is followed through one day. Thus it is a literal day in the lives of the Tyrones.
D.It is also the Tyrones? journey through life toward death that readers witness.
5.Which of the following statements concerning Tennessee Williams is NOT correct?
A.He has been influenced by Anton, D.H. Lawrence and Hart Crane.
B.His last Broadway play is named Clothes fore a Summer Hotel.
C.His recurrent themes in many of his plays are loneliness and desire.
D.He was awarded Nobel Prize for his brilliance as a dramatist.
Black American Literature
I.Fill in the blanks
1.As spokesman for Harlem artists, Langston Hughes published an article “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain”
in 1925, which can be viewed as his public declaration of their intent to break their literary heritage and to initiate a new trend in blank literature.
2.The Harlem Renaissance took form and the focal date fore the movement would be in 1925 when the black scholar
Alain Locke published an anthology of current work entitled The New Negro: An Interpretation.
3.African American literature attained to a higher degree of maturity in 1952 when Ralph Ellison?s Invisible Man
appeared in print, which tells an archetypal existential story of a nameless protagonist-narrator of modern times.
4.Toni Morrison is best known for her fifth novel Beloved, which is based on the true story of a slave mother killing
her own children just for them to avoid slavery.
5.The Color Purple by Alice Walker is an epistolary novel which is mainly about African American women?s growth
against the backdrop of social and familial oppression.
II.Multiple choice
1.___, Booker T. Washington and Frederick Douglass are generally regarded as the three African American writers in
the 19th century.
A. Ralph Ellison
B. Langston Hughes
C. Toni Morrison
D. Du Bois
2.One of the most noticeable elements of Harlem Renaissance writing is its use of dialect and folklore and its
identification with the spirit of___.
A. rap
B. jazz
C. blues
D. R& B
3.Among the African American writers of the first half of the 20th century,___ was the most durable and versatile: he
was a poet, playwright, novelist, song writer, biographer, editor, newspaper columnist, translator and lecturer.
A. Counte Cullen
B. Cloude McKay
C. Jean Toomer
D. Langston Hughes
4.The basic themes of James Baldwin?s are ___.
A. race and death
B. race and fate
C. race and homosexuality
D. race and love between family members
5.The novel Their Eyes Were Watching God is written by___, oen of the important authors in the first half of the 20th
century.
A. Zora Neale Hurston
B. Amiri Baraka
C. Arna Bontemps
D. Gwendolyn Brooks
6.___ is multi-talented genius: she is an actress, dancer, singer, professor, writer, poet educator, director and civil
rights activist. In 1993 she became President Clinton?s inaugural poet.
A. Toni Morrison
B. Alex Haley
C. Alice Walker
D. Maya Angelou
7.Roots was authored by___.
A. Alex Haley
B. Maya Angelou
C. Gloria Naylor
D. Toni Morrison
美国文学史及选读期末复习
美国文学史复习1（colonialism) 第一部分殖民主义时期的文学 一、时期综述 1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：a、narratives 日记 b、journals 游记 2、清教徒在美国的写作内容： 1）their voyage to the new land 2) Adapting themselves to unfamiliar climates and crops 3) About dealing with Indians 4) Guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit 3、清教徒的思想： 1）puritan want to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices 净化信仰和行为方式 2) Wish to restore simplicity to church and the authority of the Bible to the theology. 重建教堂，提供简单服务，建立神圣地位 3）look upon themselves as chosen people, and it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing God's will and is not to be accepted. 认为自己是上帝选民，对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝 4）puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated. 反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步 5）religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful God.强调上帝严厉的一面，忽视上帝仁慈的一面。 4、典型的清教徒： John Cotton & Roger William 他们的不同：John Cotton was much more concerned with authority than with democracy; William begins the history of religious toleration in America. 5、William的宗教观点：Toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang from the idea that simply to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God. 行为上的德，信仰上的诚，并没有给任何人强迫别人该如何行事的权利。没有任何政治秩序和教会体制能够直接体现神本身的意旨。 6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人：Anne Bradstreet 7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人：the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor. 学习指南： 1、Could you give a description of American Puritans? 关于美国清教徒的描绘 Like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to the "purity" of the first-century church as established by Jesus Christ himself. To them religion was a matter of primary importance. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God, all that John Calvin, the great French theologian who lived in Geneva had preached. It was this kind of religious belief that they brought with them into the wildness. There they meaant to prove that were God's chosen people enjoying his blessings on this earth as in Heaven. 2、Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing. 3、The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor, rose to the level of real poetry. 4、The earliest settlers included Dutch, Swedes, Germans, French, Spaniards Italian, and Portuguese. 美国文学史复习2（reason and revolution) (2009-01-17 15:54:25) 一、美国的性质： The war for Independence ended in the formation of a Federative bourgeois democratic republic - the United States of America. 联邦的资产阶级民主共和国--美利坚合众国。 二、代表作家： 1、Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林 1706-1790 1）"Poor Richard's Almanac" 穷人查理德的年鉴 annual collection of proverbs 流行谚语集
美国文学史-知识点梳理
Part I The Literature of Colonial America I．Historical Introduction The colonial period stretched roughly from the settlement of America in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th. The first permanent settlement in America was established by English in 1607. ( A group of people was sent by the English King James I to hunt for gold. They arrived at Virginia in 1607. They named the James River and build the James town.) II．The pre-revolutionary writing in the colonies was essentially of two kinds: 1) Practical matter-of-fact accounts of farming, hunting, travel, etc. designed to inform people "at home" what life was like in the new world, and, often, to induce their immigration 2) Highly theoretical, generally polemical, discussions of religious questions. III．The First American Writer The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of these settlements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, their lives in the new land, their dealings with Indians. Captain John Smith is the first American writer. A True Relation of such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony (1608) A Map of Virginia: A Description of the Country (1612) General History of Virgini a (1624): the Indian princess Pocahontas Captain John Smith was one of the first early 17th-century British settlers in North America. He was one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown, Virginia. His writings about North America became the source of information about the New World for later settlers. One of the things he wrote about that has become an American legend was his capture by the Indians and his rescue by the famous Indian Princess, Pocahontas. IV．Early New England Literature William Bradford and John Winthrop John Cotton and Roger Williams Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor V．Puritan Thoughts 1. The origin of puritan In the mediaeval Europe, there was widespread religious revolution. In the 16th Century, the English King Henry VIII (At that time, the Catholics were not allowed to divorce unless they have the Pope's permission. Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife because she couldn't bear him a son. But the Pope didn't allow him to divorce, so he) broke away from the Roman Catholic Church & established the Church of
美国文学史期末参考复习资料
仅作参考，最主要还是要自己消化，整理 Chapter 1 Colonial Period 1. Puritanism: American puritans accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. 2. Influence (1) A group of good qualities – hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety (serious and thoughtful) influenced American literature. (2) It led to the everlasting myth. All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden. (3) Symbolism: the American puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chi efly instrumental in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American. (4) With regard to their writing, the style is fresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric is plain and honest, not without a touch of nobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible. II. Overview of the literature 1. types of writing diaries, histories, journals, letters, travel books, autobiographies/biographies, sermons 2. writers of colonial period (1) Anne Bradstreet (2) Edward Taylor III. Benjamin Franklin 1. life 2. works (1) Poor Richard’s Almanac (2) Autobiography 3. contribution (1) He helped found the Pennsylvania Hospital and the American Philosophical Society. (2) He was called “the new Prometheus who had stolen fire (electricity in this case) from heaven”. (3) Everything seems to meet in this one man –“Jack of all trades”. Herman Melville thus described him “master of each and mastered by none”. Chapter 2 American Romanticism Section 1 Early Romantic Period I. American Romanticism 1. Background (1) Political background and economic development (2) Romantic movement in European countries Derivative – foreign influence 2. features (1) American romanticism was in essence the expression of “a real new experience and contained “an alien quality” for the simple reason that “the spirit of the place” was radically new and alien. (2) There is American Puritanism as a cultural heritage to consider. American romantic authors tended more to moralize. Many American romantic writings intended to edify more than they entertained. (3) The “newness” of Americans as a nation is in connection with Am erican Romanticism. (4) As a logical result of the foreign and native factors at work, American romanticism was both imitative and independent. II. Washington Irving: Father of American Literature 1. several names attached to Irving (1) first American writer (2) the messenger sent from the new world to the old world (3) father of American literature 2. life 3. works (1) A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty (2) The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. (He won a measure of international recognition with the publication of this.) (3) The History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (4) A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada (5) The Alhambra 4. Literary career: two parts (1) 1809~1832
美国文学史及选读复习重点
Captain John Smith (first American writer). Anne Bradstreet；The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America （colonists living） Edward Taylor(the best puritan poet) John Cotton ”the Patriarch of New England” teacher spiritual leader Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography Poor Richard’s Almanack Thomas Jefferson： Political Career Thoughts The Declaration of Independence we hold truth to be self-evidence Philip Freneau“Father of American Poetry” The Wild Honey Suckle American Romanticism optimism and hope Nationalism Washington Irving“Father of American Literature short story”The first “Pure Writer” A History of New York The Sketch Book marked the beginning of American Romanticism! “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”Rip Van Winkle James Fenimore Cooper Father of American sea and frontier novels Leather stocking Tales The Last of the Mohicans The Pioneers The Prairie The Pathfinder The Deerslayer Edgar Allan Poe father of detective story and horror fiction Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque “MS. Found in a Bottle” “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” “The Fall of the House of Usher”“The Masque of the Red Death”“The
美国文学练习题答案10
I. Multiple Choices (40%) 1-5 DCADA 6-10 ADDAD 11-15DBCBA 16-20 DBCCC 21-25 DCDAC 26-30 ACDBC 31-35CAACD 36-40 DDCAB II. Choose the relevant match from column B for each item in column A. (10%) 1-5 CABDE 6-10CDEAB III. Interpreting the following texts. （15%） Passage 1 1.Ezra Pound(2’) 2.This short poem is one of the most famous representative works of Imagist school. In the poem, “the object” to be treated is the faces in that dim and dam context. The impression is brought out most vividly by the single, dominant image of flower petals on a wet, black bough, which serves as the most. (5’) Passage 2 1. Theodore Dreiser. Sister Carrie(2’) 2. (1)The world is cold and harsh to Sister Carrie. Alone and helpless, she moves along like a mechanism driven by desire and catches blindly at any opportunity for a better existence. A feather in the wind, she is totally at the mercy of forces she cannot comprehend, still less to say control. She does not seem to possess what may be called a mora l fiber in her. (4’) (2) Spencer’s influence is seen at its most powerful as to Hustwood’s tragedy. Dreiser’s portrait is an authentic one of the impotent modern man unfit to survive. He cannot help himself in his relationship with Sister Carrie. No respectable job, no handsome income, no genteel family, nothing could overcome his biological need and stop him from returning to savage, atavistic unreason. He thus hovers between being a man and beast in his behavior. He must die. (6’) IV. Explain the following terms（15%） 1. Local Colorism or Regionalism as a trend first came to prominence in the late 19th century in America. The local colorists were devoted to capturing the unique customs, manners, speech, folklore, and other qualities of a particular regional community, usually in humorous short stories. (3分) The most famous of the local colorists was Mark Twain, with his masterpiece The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. (2分) 2. Transcendentalism is the summit of the Romantic Movement in the history of American literature in the 19th century. （1分）Transcendentalism has been defined philosophically as “the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively”. （1分）Transcendentalists place emphasis on the importance of the Over-soul, the individual and Nature. （2分）The most important representatives are Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. （1分） 3. It defines a sense of moral loss or aimlessness. The WWI destroyed the in ocent ideas, many good young men went to the war and died, or returned damaged, both physically and mentally; their moral faith were no longer valid--- they were “Lost.”（2分）. So in a broad Sense: it refers to the entire post -WWI American young generation. In a narrow sense: The Lost Generation is a term used to describe a group of American writers who were rebelling against what America had become by the 1900’s, including Heming way, F.S.Fitzgerald, etc. Who left
常耀信美国文学知识点
Introduction 1. The Youngest National Literature 1781 (Independence War) --- 2012= about 200 years 2. Great achievement: 1930-1980, nine American writers won the Nobel Prize The Periods of American Literature 1.The colonial period (约1607 - 1765) 2. The period of enlightenment and Independence War (1765-1800) 3. The romantic period (1800 - 1865) 4. The realistic period (1865 - 1914) 5. The period of modernism (1914 - 1945) 6. The Contemporary Literature (1945 -) Chapter I Colonial America American Puritanism 1. The beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans(most of whom were Calvinists who wished to purify the Church of England of its Catholic aspects) 2. Strictness and austerity in conduct and religion Puritans‘ religio us belief: Calvinism ◆John Calvin, the great French theologian. The principal concepts: 1) Original sin and total depravity. 2) Predestination 3) Salvation of selected few ◆ The Puritans carried with them to America a code of values, a philosophy of life, and a point of view, which, in time, took root in the New world and became what is known as American Puritanism. (p11) The Influence of Puritanism on American Literature 1) Idealism（optimism） 2) Symbolism 3) Simplicity in writing Significance of Puritanism With time passing it became a dominant factor in American life, one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American Literature. To some extent it is a state of mind, a part of the national cultural atmosphere that the American breathes, rather than a set of tenets. Time: From the arrival of the first settlers in the early 17th century to the end of the 18th century Literary Features 1. Forms Personal literature in various forms --- diaries, histories, common books (札记)，journals, letters, travel books, sermons etc. 2. Content 1) practical matter-of-fact accounts of farming, hunting, travel, etc. designed to inform people ―at home‖ what life was like in the new world 2) highly theoretical discussions of religious questions. 3. Style In Style, English literary traditions were imitated and transplanted. Early writers in the colonial period John Smith, a captain, one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown, Virginia; the writer of A Description of New England. William Bradford, the first governor of the Plymouth Plantation, his writing: Of Plymouth Plantation (P16) John Winthrop, the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, In his famous speech A Model of Christian Charity ,he states that there was a agreement between God and his people of building a new Garden of Eden in the new world. (P17) Therefore let us choose life, 所以，让我们选择生活， that we and our seed 这样，我们和我们的后代， may live by obeying His 可以听从上帝的声音， voice and cleaving to Him, 须臾不离上帝， for He is our life and 因为，上帝是我们的生命， our prosperity. 我们的兴旺 1
美国文学史习题 (1)
I. Multiple choice. Please choose the best answer among the four items. (10 x 1’= 10’) 1. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment. ____ was the dominant. 2. The short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” is taken from Irving’s work named ____. 3. Which of the following is not the characteristic of American Romanticism? 4. The short story “Rip Van Winkle” reveals the __ attitude of its author.
5.Stylistically, Henry James’ fiction is characterized by ___. 6.Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in ___ and Thoreau. 7.Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”? 8.____ is considered Mark Twain’s greatest achievement.
美国文学史及选读考研复习笔记6.
History And Anthology of American Literature （6） 附：作者及作品 一、殖民主义时期The Literature of Colonial America 1．船长约翰·史密斯Captain John Smith 《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》 “A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony” 《弗吉尼亚地图，附：一个乡村的描述》 “A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country” 《弗吉尼亚通史》“General History of Virginia” 2．威廉·布拉德福德William Bradford 《普利茅斯开发历史》“The History of Plymouth Plantation”3．约翰·温思罗普John Winthrop 《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England” 4．罗杰·威廉姆斯Roger Williams 《开启美国语言的钥匙》”A Key into the Language of America” 或叫《美洲新英格兰部分土著居民语言指南》 Or “A Help to the Language of the Natives in That Part of America Called New England ” 5．安妮·布莱德斯特Anne Bradstreet 《在美洲诞生的第十个谬斯》 ”The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America” 二、理性和革命时期文学The Literature of Reason and Revolution 1。本杰明·富兰克林Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) ※《自传》“ The Autobiography ” 《穷人理查德的年鉴》“Poor Richard’s Almanac” 2。托马斯·佩因Thomas Paine (1737-1809) ※《美国危机》“The American Crisis” 《收税官的案子》“The Case of the Officers of the Excise”《常识》“Common Sense” 《人权》“Rights of Man” 《理性的时代》“The Age of Reason” 《土地公平》“Agrarian Justice” 3。托马斯·杰弗逊Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) ※《独立宣言》“The Declaration of I ndependence” 4。菲利浦·弗瑞诺Philip Freneau (1752-1832) ※《野忍冬花》“The Wild Honey Suckle” ※《印第安人的坟地》“The Indian Burying Ground” ※《致凯提·迪德》“To a Caty-Did” 《想象的力量》“The Power of Fancy” 《夜屋》“The House of Night” 《英国囚船》“The British Prison Ship” 《战争后期弗瑞诺主要诗歌集》 “The Poems of Philip Freneau Written Chiefly During the Late War” 《札记》“Miscellaneous Works” 三、浪漫主义文学The Literature of Romanticism 1。华盛顿·欧文Washington Irving (1783-1859) ※《作者自叙》“The Author’s Account of Himself” ※《睡谷传奇》“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” 《见闻札记》“Sketch Book” 《乔纳森·欧尔德斯泰尔》“Jonathan Oldstyle” 《纽约外史》“A History of New York” 《布雷斯布里奇庄园》“Bracebridge Hall” 《旅行者故事》“Tales of Traveller” 《查理二世》或《快乐君主》“Charles the Second” Or “The Merry Monarch” 《克里斯托弗·哥伦布生平及航海历史》 “A History of the Life and V oyages of Christopher Columbus” 《格拉纳达征服编年史》”A Chronicle of the Conquest of Grandada” 《哥伦布同伴航海及发现》 ”V oyages and Discoveries of the Companions of Columbus” 《阿尔罕布拉》“Alhambra” 《西班牙征服传说》“Legends of the Conquest of Spain” 《草原游记》“A Tour on the Prairies” 《阿斯托里亚》“Astoria” 《博纳维尔船长历险记》“The Adventures of Captain Bonneville” 《奥立弗·戈尔德史密斯》”Life of Oliver Goldsmith” 《乔治·华盛顿传》“Life of George Washington” 2．詹姆斯·芬尼莫·库珀James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851) ※《最后的莫希干人》“The Last of the Mohicans” 《间谍》“The Spy” 《领航者》“The Pilot” 《美国海军》“U.S. Navy” 《皮袜子故事集》“Leather Stocking Tales” 包括《杀鹿者》、《探路人》”The Deerslayer”, ”The Pathfinder” 《最后的莫希干人》“The Last of the Mohicans” 《拓荒者》、《大草原》“The Pioneers”, “The Praire” 3。威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878) ※《死之思考》“Thanatopsis” ※《致水鸟》“To a Waterfowl” 4。埃德加·阿伦·坡Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) ※《给海伦》“To Helen” ※《乌鸦》“The Raven” ※《安娜贝尔·李》“Annabel Lee” ※《鄂榭府崩溃记》“The Fall of the House of Usher” 《金瓶子城的方德先生》“Ms. Found in a Bottle” 《述异集》“Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque” 5。拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) ※《论自然》“Nature” ※《论自助》“Self-Reliance” 《美国学者》“The American Scholar” 《神学院致辞》“The Divinity School Address” 《随笔集》“Essays” 《代表》“Representative Men” 《英国人》“English Traits” 《诗集》“Poems” 6。亨利·戴维·梭罗Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) ※《沃尔登我生活的地方我为何生活》 1