英美文学选读诗歌翻译

SONNET 18 (William Shakespeare)十四行诗

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

An d often is his gold complexion dimm’d,

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

By chance, or nature's changing course untrimm’d:

But thy eternal summer shall not fade

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in h is shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st. So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.我怎么能够将你比作夏天

你比夏天更美丽温婉。

狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，

夏日的勾留何其短暂。

休恋那烈日当空，

转眼会云雾迷蒙；

休叹那百花凋零，

摧折于无常天命；

唯有你永恒的夏日长新，

你的美貌亦毫发无损。

死神也无缘将你幽禁，

你在我永恒的诗中长存。

只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。

Structure: Runs in iambic pentameter, rhymed ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.

1. What is the theme of this sonnet Eternality, beauty, immorality

2. Why is the speaker’s beloved more lovely than a summer’s day

One thing he is thinking of is how short lived summer is. Another reason he says his love is more beautiful than a summer day is that the summer whether can be harsh, making nature look less beautiful than it does otherwise.

3.There is obviously a shift of tone and subject matter in line 9. Describe such a shift.

The author compared the loved one, just in a soft and sentimental tone similar to many love sonnets, to a summer’s day in the first 4 lines, while, in the following 4, developing this concept to the poor power of people falling to retain the fair against Nature. But in line

9, the author reversed it in a more emotional and definite tone to express the eternal youth of the loved ones.

I Hear America Singing (Walt Whitman) 我听见美国在歌唱（沃尔特·惠特曼）

I hear America singing, the varied carols I hear.

Those of mechanics, each one singing his as it should be blithe and strong,

The carpenter singing his as he measures his plank or beam,

The mason singing his as he makes ready for work,or leaves off work,

The boatman singing what belongs to him in his boat, the deckhand singing on the steamboat deck, The shoemaker singing as he sits on his bench, the hatter singing as he stands,

The wood-cutter's song, the ploughboy's on his way in the morning, or at noon intermission or at sundown,

The delicious singing of the mother, or of the young wife at work, or of the girl sewing or washing, Each singing what belongs to him or her and to none else,

The day what belongs to the day--at night the party of young fellows, robust, friendly, Singing with open mouths their strong melodious songs.

我听见美国在歌唱，我听见各种不同的颂歌

机器匠在歌唱着，他们每人歌唱着他的愉快而强健的歌，

木匠在歌唱着，一边比量着他的木板或梁木，

泥瓦匠在歌唱着，当他准备工作或停止工作的时候，

船家歌唱着他船里所有的一切，水手在汽艇的甲板上歌唱着，

鞋匠坐在他的工作凳上歌唱，帽匠歌唱着，站在那里工作，

伐木者、犁田青年们歌唱着，当他们每天早晨走在路上，或者午间歇息，或到了日落的时候，

我更听到母亲的美妙的歌，正在操作的年轻的妻子们的或缝衣或洗衣的女孩子们的歌，

每人歌唱属于他或她而不是属于任何别人的一切，

白昼歌唱白昼所有的，晚间，强壮而友爱的青年们的集会，

张嘴唱着他们的强健而和谐的歌。

are the people in this poem What do they represent

The carpenter, mechanics, Mason boatman, shoemaker, wood-cutter, hatter, ploughboy

2. Discuss the theme of “I Hear America Singing”

He thinks the American fabric is composed of working individuals./ He believes that the essence of American identity is reflected in the working individuals who comprise a different aspect of the national character through the completion of individual tasks.

I Sit and Look Out 我坐而眺望by Walt Whitman ——沃尔特·惠特曼

I sit and look out upon all the sorrows of the world,

and upon all oppression and shame,

我坐观世间所有的悲哀，压迫和羞辱，

I hear secret convulsive sobs from young men at anguish with themselves, remor seful after deeds done,

我听见年轻人悄悄地啜泣，为自己的所作所为痛苦，懊悔不已，

I see in low life the mother misused by her children, dying,neglected, gaunt,

desperate,

我看见母亲被自己的孩子虐待，绝望憔悴，奄奄一息，无人问津，

I see the wife misused by her husband, I see the treacherous seducer of youn g women,

我看见妇女被自己的丈夫虐打，奸诈的骗子诱哄纯真的少女，

I mark the ranklings of jealousy and unrequited love attempted to be hid, I see these sights on the earth,

我看见世界上那些目光中极力想要隐藏的怨恨的嫉妒和暗恋，

I see the workings of battle, pestilence, tyranny, I see martyrs and prisoners,我看见战争，瘟疫和暴政，我看见烈士与囚犯，

I observe a famine at sea, I observe the sailors casting lots who shall be ki ll'd to preserve the lives of the rest,

我看见海上的一场饥荒，我看见船员们抽签决定牺牲谁来为其他人提供食物，以保全其他人的生命，

I observe the slights and degradations cast by arrogant persons upon laborers, t he poor, and upon negroes, and the like; 我看见劳工，穷人，黑人以及诸如此类的人遭受着傲慢之人的蔑视与侮辱，

All these-all the meanness and agony without end I sitting look out upon,

所有这些——这所有无穷无尽的卑鄙与痛苦，我坐而眺望，

See, hear, and am silent. 看着，听着，沉默着。

1. What are the misfortunes described in this poem

The battle, pestilence, tyranny, martyrs, prisoners, famine

2.How do you understand the totally different moods between this poem and “I Hear America

Singing”

O Captain！My Captain！啊，船长！我的船长！

Walt Whitman （沃尔特·惠特曼）

O Captain! My Captain! Our fearful trip is done,

啊！船长！我的船长！可怕的航程已完成；

The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won,

这船历尽风险，企求的目标已达成。

The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,

港口在望，钟声响，人们在欢欣。

While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;

千万双眼睛注视着船——平稳，勇敢，坚定。

But O heart! heart! heart!

但是痛心啊！痛心！痛心！

O the bleeding drops of red!

瞧一滴滴鲜红的血！

Where on the deck my Captain lies,

甲板上躺着我的船长，

Fallen cold and dead.

他倒下去，冰冷，永别。

O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;

啊，船长！我的船长！起来吧，倾听钟声；

Rise up -for you the flag is flung -for you the bugle trills,

起来吧，号角为您长鸣，旌旗为您高悬：

For you bouquets and ribbon'd wreaths-for you the shores crowding,

迎接您，多少花束花圈——候着您，千万人峰拥岸边；

For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;

他们向您高呼，拥来挤去，仰起殷切的脸；

Here, Captain! dear father!

啊，船长！亲爱的父亲！

This arm beneath your head;

我的手臂托着您的头！

It is some dream that on the deck

莫非是一场梦：在甲板上

You 've fallen cold and dead.

您倒下去，冰冷，永别。

My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still,

我的船长不作声，嘴唇惨白，毫不动弹；

My father does not feel my arm , he has no pulse nor will;

我的父亲没感到我的手臂，没有脉搏，没有遗言；

The ship is anchor'd safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;

船舶抛锚停下，平安抵达；船程终了；

From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;

历经难险返航，夺得胜利目标。

Exult, Oh,shores!and ring, O bells!

啊，岸上钟声齐鸣，啊，人们一片欢腾！

But I,with mournful tread,

但是，我在甲板上，在船长身旁，

Walk the deck my captain lies,

心悲切，步履沉重；

Fallen cold and dead.

因为他倒下去，冰冷，永别。

Because I could not stop for death(Emily Dickinson) 因为我不能停步等候死神（艾米莉·狄金森）

Because I could not stop for death He was parking pick me

The carriage was just the two of us And "eternal life" with seat

We slowly, he knew that without the need for rapid

I also put aside work

And leisure, to return

His manners

We passed the school, coincides with the recess The children are noisy, on the playground We passed the fields of gazing grain

We passed the setting sun

Maybe you should say, he passed us by

Dew and cold makes me quiver

Because my clothes, just sheer

And my cape, only tulle

We stopped at a house, the house

As a swelling of the ground

The roof, barely visible

Eaves, below the surface of the ground

Since then, several centuries

Seems to short the time of day

That day, I first guess

The horse, towards the eternal

因为我不能停步等候死神

他殷勤停车接我

车厢里只有我们俩还有“永生”同座

我们缓缓而行，他知道无需急促我也抛开劳作

和闲暇，以回报

他的礼貌

我们经过学校，恰逢课间休息孩子们正喧闹，在操场上

我们经过注目凝视的稻谷的田地我们经过沉落的太阳

也许该说，是他经过我们而去露水使我颤抖而且发凉

因为我的衣裳，只是薄纱

我的披肩，只是绢网

我们停在一幢屋前，这屋子

仿佛是隆起的地面

屋顶，勉强可见

屋檐，低于地面

从那时算起，已有几个世纪

却似乎短过那一天的光阴

那一天，我初次猜出

马头，朝向永恒

I Died for Beauty（Emily Dickinson）我为美而死去（艾米莉·狄金森）

I died for beauty－－but was scarce Adjusted in the Tomb

When one who died for Truth，was lain In the adjoining Room－－

He questioned softly“Why I failed”“For beauty，”I replied－－

“And I－－for Truth－－Themself are One We B rethren，are，”He said－－

And so，as Kinsmen，met a Night－－

We talked between the Rooms－－

Until the Moss had reached our lips－－And covered up－－our names－－

我为美而死，对坟墓

几乎，还不适应

一个殉真理的烈士就成了我的近邻——

他轻声问我“为什么倒下”

我回答他：“为了美”——

他说：“我为真理，真与美——是一体，我们是兄弟”——

就这样，像亲人，黑夜相逢——我们，隔着房间谈心——

直到苍苔长上我们的嘴唇——

覆盖掉，我们的姓名——

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening (Robert Frost)

Whose woods these are i think i know. His house is in the village，though；He will not see me stopping here

To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer, To stop without a farmhouse near, Between the woods and frozen lake, The darkest evening of the year.

He gives his harness bells a shake, To ask if there is some mistake.

The only other sound's the sweep,

Of easy wind and downy flake.

The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I have promises to keep,

And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before I sleep.雪夜林边驻马

（罗伯特·弗罗斯特）

我想我认识这树林的主人，

不过他的住房在村庄里面。

他不会看到我正停于此处，

观赏他的树林被积雪淤满。

我的小马定以为荒唐古怪，

停下来没有靠近农舍一间，

于树林和冰洁的湖滨当中，

在这一年中最阴暗的夜晚。

它摇晃了一下颈上的铃儿，

探询是否有什么差错出现。

那唯一飘掠过的别样声响，

是微风吹拂着柔软的雪片。

树林可爱，虽深暗而黑远，

但我已决意信守我的诺言，

在我睡前还有许多路要赶，在我睡前还有许多路要赶。

The Road Not Taken (Robert Frost)未选择的路（罗伯特·弗罗斯特）

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay

In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood,and I—I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.黄色的树林里分出两条路

可惜我不能同时去涉足

我在那路口久久伫立

我向着一条路极目望去

直到它消失在丛林深处

但我却选择了另外一条路

它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂

显得更诱人，更美丽

虽然在这条小路上

很少留下旅人的足迹

那天清晨落叶满地

两条路都未经脚印污染

呵，留下一条路等改日再见但我知道路径延绵无尽头

恐怕我难以再回返

也许多少年后在某个地方，我将轻声叹息将往事回顾：一片树林里分出两条路——而我选择了人迹更少的一条，从此决定了我一生的道路。