人教版九年级英语unit6知识要点

人教版九年级英语unit6知识要点
人教版九年级英语unit6知识要点

Unit6 When was it invented?

语法:1、被动语态

(1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。

(2). 被动语态基本结构:be+及物动词的过去分词

(如果是不用物动词,其过去分词应带有相应的介词)

(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化。

一般现在时被动语态为:am/is/are+过去分词

一般过去时被动语态为:was/were+ 过去分词

与情态动词连用的被动语态:情态动词+ be + 过去分词

(4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语,放在句末,by 表示“由,被”的意思

2、如何理解被动语态?

为更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义,可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。

主动语态:主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语+ 其他成分

被动语态:主语+ be +过去分词+ by +宾语+其他成分

如:

被动语态English is spoken by many people.

课文知识要点:

1、When was it invented?它是什么时候发明的?

invent v. 发明→inventor n. 发明家→invention n. 发明可数名词

invent v. “发明”指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西,如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。

Bell invented the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。

Smith invented a new teaching method. 史密斯发明了一种新的教学方法。

Edison, a great inventor, invented over 1’000 inventions all his life.

2、What is it used for?它是用来做什么的?

be used for“用来做…”;此短语中的for是介词,表示用途,后接名词或动词-ing形式。

Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。

Pens aren’t used for ea ting. 笔不是用来吃的。

比较:be used as、be used by、be used to do、be used to doing、used to do

①be used as意为“被用作……”,介词as表示“作为”,其后一般接名词,强调使用的工具及手段。

English is used as the second language in many countries.

英语在许多国家被当作第二语言使用。

This room is used as their office. 这人房间被用作他们的办公室。

②be used by意为“被……使用”,介词by后面接动作的执行者(宾语)。

English is used by travelers and business people all over the world.

全世界的旅行者和商人们使用英语。

Tractors are used by the farmers. 农民使用拖拉机。

③be used to do意为“被用来做……”,用于被动语态。

Computers can be used to do many things.电脑可用来做许多事。

This knife is used to cut bread.

④be/get used to doing意为“习惯做……”,

My cousin is used to studying with his new friends in Australia.

My mother is used to getting up early to cook breakfast for us.

He got used to living in the country.

⑤used to do意为“过去经常做……”。

I used to go swimming on Saturdays.

3、the style of the shoes 鞋子的款式

In style 时髦的out of style 过时的

Her clothes are always in style.她的衣服总是很时髦。

4、With pleasure!非常愿意!

pleasure n.“快乐、愉快、高兴”。常用在口语中。

常用短语:With pleasure. My pleasure. It is a pleasure.

It's a pleasure to read this book. 读这本书真是件乐事。

Thanks for helping me. With pleasure./ It's a pleasure.别客气。

与pleased、pleasant的区别:

①pleased adj.“高兴的”。(表示的是主观上“感到高兴或愉快的”,指的是被修饰名词自身的感觉。)

短语:be pleased to do sth.乐于做某事;be pleased with“对……满意”

I'm very (much) pleased with his work. 我对他的工作非常满意

The children were very pleased.孩子们很高兴。

②pleasant adj.“令人愉快的、舒畅的、非常好的、讨人喜欢的、风趣的”。表示客观上的“令人高兴或愉快的”,指的是被修饰名词给别人的感觉。主语一般为物。

pleasant 主要有两方面用法:一是用来说明事物,表示“令人愉快的”或“舒适的”等;二是用来说明人,表示“友好的”、“讨人喜欢的”等。

The weather was cold, but the trip was pleasant. 虽然天气很冷,但旅途还是很愉快。

It was a pleasant surprise to see her again. 再次见到她真是又惊又喜。

Make an effort to be pleasant at the party. 在晚会上要尽力友善待人(或尽量使人高兴)。

Wish you a pleasant journey!祝你旅途愉快!

5、Think about how often it’s us ed in our daily lives.想想看它在我们的日常生活中是多么经常被用到。

daily adj.“日常的、每日的”。Daily life 日常生活。Daily adv.“每日、每天”

Don’t you read the daily news in today’s newspaper?你没读今天报纸上的每日新闻吗?

—How did you know the news about Greenpeace, Lisa?—Well, I got it from China Daily.

Weekly 每周的monthly 每月的yearly 每年的

6、Well,you do seem to have a point…嗯,看来你说的确实有道理……

have a point“有道理”,固定短语。

You have a point—it would be better to wait till tomorrow.

你说的有道理,还是等到明天比较好。

7、The pioneers of different inventions were listed there.各种发明的先驱者们被列到了上面。

①pioneer n.“先驱、先锋”

China Young pioneers 中国少先队

②list v.“列表、列清单”

List them and you will never forget them.把他们列出来你就不会忘了。

list n.“名单、清单”

I didn’t see his name on the list.我在名单上没有看到他的名字。

8、For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.

例如,它提到拉链是在1893年由惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。

mention v.“提到、说的”

①mention sth. /sb.(to sb.)(向某人)提起某事/某人

D on’t mention it before the children.在孩子们面前不要提及此事。

Nobody mentioned anything to me about it.没人向我提过这事。

②mention doing sth. 提到做某事

Whenever I mention having dinner together,he says he’s too busy.

无论何时我一提起一块儿吃顿饭,他就说他很忙。

③mention + that从句“提到、说到”

He mentioned that the food was invented by a Chinese.

他提到这种食物是由一个中国人发明的。

④D on’t mention it.主要用来回答感谢或回答道歉。“不客气”、“没关系”

---Thank you very much.--- D on’t mention it.多谢了。不客气。

---I’m sorry to trouble you.--- D on’t mention it.对不起,打扰你了。没关系。

9、How tea was invented by accident?茶是如何被偶然发明的?

by accident“偶然、意外地”

He made this mistake by accident.他犯这个错误纯属偶然。

I knew his name by accident.我偶然知道了他的名字。

10、It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.

据说有一位叫神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。

①It is said that+从句“据说……”,it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真主语。

It is said that he is a rich second generation.据说他是一位富二代。

类似:It is believed that…“据认为……”It is known that…“众所周知……”

It is reported that…“据报道……”It is supposed that…“据推测……”

②ruler “统治者、支配者”“尺子”

Her brother is the king, but she is the effective ruler.

她兄弟为国王,但她却是真正的主宰者。

May I use your ruler?我可以用你的尺子吗?

11、Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.

一株茶树上的几片叶子落到水里并停留一段时间。

①fall into“掉进、落入”

He was drunk and fell into the water.他喝多了,跌落到水中。

fall asleep 入睡fall down 落下、倒下fall off 跌落,从……掉下来

fall in love with 与……相爱fall over 被……绊倒

②remain意为“停留,留下”,相当于stay。

“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there,但“呆在家里”只能说stay (at) home。

She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。

They all wished us to remain. 他们都希望我们留下来。

remain用作连系动词,意为“保持(某种状态),继续存在,仍旧是”,后面接形容词,名词,分词,不定式或介词短语。

She remained sitting when they came in.他们进来时,她仍然坐着(没有站起来)。

Peter became a manager but John remained a worker.

彼得当上了经理,但约翰仍然是一个工人。

Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest.

无论你取得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。

12、In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660.在英国,茶直到1660年才出现

not… until 意为“只到…才…”。

She didn’t leave until I felt better.只到我感觉好点了,她才离开。

until常用作介词或连词,用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。

①在肯定句中,until与延续性、持续性动词连用,表示“直到……为止”。

I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。

②在否定句中,until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用,表示“直到……才……”,“不到……不……”。

The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。

I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我,我不会离开。

13、Potato chips were invented by mistake.薯条是无意中发明的。

by mistake 是介词短语,意为“错误地;无意地;不小心地”,常在句中作状语。

I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 我错拿了你的手提包,还以为是我的呢。

Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake.

苏珊忘了带钥匙,误把自己关在门外了。

14、George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让顾客开心。

句中的make意为“使得”,happy是形容词,作宾语you的补足语,对宾语起补充说明作用,常用的结构为“make+名词/代词+形容词”。

The bad news makes her sad. 那个坏消息使得她伤心不已。

A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry.

一个孩子打碎了玻璃。这使得校长很生气。

15、Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game.奈史密斯博士将他班里的男生分成两队并教他们玩他的新运动项目。

divide (v.) 分开;划分;divide …into 意为“把……划分为……”,be divided into 意为“划分为”。

This class is too large; we shall have to divide it for oral practice.

这个班级太大,我们必须把它分成小班作口语练习。

This river divides at its mouth. 这条河在河口处分岔。

His lecture divides into three parts.他的演讲分三部分。

Let's divide ourselves into several groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。

16、At the same time,they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.同时,他们需要阻止对方的球队抢到球投进他们自己的的篮里。

stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事;相当于prevent sb. from doing sth.

No one can stop us from carrying out the plan.没有人能阻止我们实施计划。

17、Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.今天,随着许多年轻人都梦想成为著名的篮球运动员,篮球在世界各地越来越普及。

①popularity n. 受欢迎,普及,流行→popular adj.受欢迎的

The story had an extensive popularity among American readers.

这本小说在美国读者中赢得广泛的声望。

Walnut is wide for popularity.胡桃木广为流行。

His popularity among working people remains as strong as ever.

他在劳动人民中一如既往声望很高。

②rise vi 意为:增加,提高,上升,站起来

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳在东方升起,在西方下落。

rise 与raise的区别:

1)rise的意思是“上升”、“上涨”,是不及物动词,既不能接宾语,也不能用于被动语态。它的主语一般是日、月、云、烟、热、气、温度计、物价、河水等。指人时,一般指人“站起”、“起床”。rise--rose—risen

Meat prices are still rising.肉的价格仍然在上涨。

The population of the city has risen to five million.该市人口已增加到五百万

He rose and left the room.他站起身走出屋去。

2)raise的意思是“提高”、“举起”,是及物动词,既能接宾语,也能用于被动语态。它的宾语一般是头、手、眼、帽、重物以及政治觉悟、生活水平、物价、温度、声音等。此外,raise有“饲养、供养”的意思。raise-raised-raised

raise one’s hand/ head/ eyes/ a stone/ the flag/ one’s pay/ the price/ one’s voice

举起手/ 抬起头/ 往上看/ 举起石头/ 升旗/ 提高工资/ 提价/ 声音大点

He raised his glass and said: "Your health, Carl."他举起了杯子说道:"祝你健康,卡尔。"

The landlord raised my rent.房东提高了我的租金。

③dream of 梦想,想象

They dreamed of going to college.他们梦想上大学。

Dream作及物动词用时,可接名词、代词或that从句。

He dreamed a sweet dream.他做了一个甜美的梦。

18、Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them.

许多年轻人崇拜这些篮球英雄,并且想成为像他们那样的人。

look up to钦佩、仰慕

The artist is looked up to for his landscape paintings.这位画家以风景画受人仰慕。

He is a movie star who I look up to.他是我崇拜的电影明星。

19、These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.

这些明星激励着年轻人为了实现他们的梦想而努力奋斗。

①encourage动词,意为“鼓励、激励、支持”;常用结构encourage sb. to do sth鼓励某人做某事

Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves.父母应鼓励孩子独立做事。

②achieve及物动词,意为“实现,完成”;主语通常是人。

He couldn’t achieve his goal.他未能实现他的目标。

I believe I can achieve my dream.我相信我能实现我的梦想。

区别:come true“实现”,主语通常是梦想等。

I hope my dream will come true.我希望我的梦想会实现。

三、重点短语:

1、think of 想出

2、seem to do 似乎要做

3、have a point 有道理

4、at that time 在那时

5、by accident 偶然、意外地

6、fall into 落入、掉入

7、make tea 制茶8、less than 少于

9、take place 发生10、without doubt 毫无疑问、的确

11、around the world全世界12、the nature of……….的本质

13、drop into 掉进……14、at a low price 以低价

15、advise sb (not)to do sth劝某人(不)做

16、all of a sudden 突然、猛地17、work on 从事、致力于

18、similar to 与……类似19、by mistake 错误地、无意中

20、in the end 最后21、the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会

22、divide…into…把……分开23、at the same time 同时

24、stop… from doing 阻止……做…25、dream of梦想

26、the number of ……的数量27、look up to 钦佩、仰慕

28、encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事

29、take notes 记笔记30、decide on 决定

31、come up with 想出

四、重点句子:

1. I think the TV was invented before the car. 我认为电视是在轿车之前发明的。

2. ---When was the telephone invented? --- 电话是什么时候发明的?

--I think it was invented in 1876. ---我认为电话是在1876年被发明的。

3. ---What are they used for? ---他们可用来做什么?

---They are used for changing the style of the shoes ---他们可用来改变鞋子的样式。

4. ---When was the zipper invented? ---拉链是什么时候发明的?

----It was invented in 1893 .--它是在1893年被发明的。

5. ---Who was it invented by? ---它是由谁发明的?

---It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. ---它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。

6. ---When was tea brought to Korea? ---茶是什么时候被带到韩国的?

---It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.它是在六至七世纪被带到韩国的。

7. ---What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? -这个热的冰其淋勺子是用来做什么的?

---It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream ---它是用来提供真正冷的冰其淋。

新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳

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新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳及习题(最新) Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3.study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先8.the secret to......,.......的秘诀 9.because of 因为10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅;抬头看12.so that 以便,为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系。20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑22.even if 即使尽管纵容 23.look for 寻找24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求 助 27.read aloud 大声读28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1.by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth?做某事怎么样? 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近,the+比较近越……,就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某 事

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10.neither…nor…既不……也不…… 11.let…down使…失望 12.takeone’sposition替代我的职位 13.tostartwith起初 14.gettheexamresultback取考试成绩单 15.findout发现 16.ashirtofahappyperson一件快乐人的衬衫 【重点句型】 1.—I’drathergotoBlueOceanbecauseIliketolistentoquietmusicwhileI’meating.更愿意到蓝海洋餐厅,因为我喜欢在吃饭时听轻音乐。 —Butthatmusicmakemesleepy.但那种音乐使我困倦。

2.WaitingforAmydroveTinacrazy.等候艾米使蒂娜发狂。 3.ThemoviewassosadthatitmadeTinaandAmycry.这部电影是如此悲伤以致使蒂娜和艾米都哭了。 4.Sadmoviesdon’ tmakeJohncry.Theyjustmakehimwanttoleavequickly.悲伤的电影没有让约翰哭他们只能使他想尽快离开。 5.Loudmusicmakesmenervous.吵闹的音乐使我紧张。 6.Softandquietmusicmakesmerelax.轻柔的音乐使我放松。 7.Moneyandfamedon’talwaysmakepeoplehappy.金钱和名誉并不总能使人幸福。 8.Shesaidthatthesadmoviemadehercry.她说悲伤的电影使她哭泣。 【考点详解】

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