汽车英语维修手册翻译
键词:英汉翻译原则技巧
论文摘要:翻译作为沟通两种语言的桥梁,在先进科学技术发展的时代起着至关重要的作用。正如中国汽车业的发展,需要借鉴很多国外的先进技术和理念。因此大量英文资料的翻译工作是必不可少的。本文主要探讨汽车专业英语常见的英译汉
翻译技巧。
1汽车专业英语翻译的特点
汽车专业英语是科技英语的一个分支。作为一门特殊英语,汽车专业英语在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面具有独特之处。表面上看,它只是英语知识与专业知识的结合体,但从深层次看,它讲究的是专业逻辑思维严谨、条理清晰,不添加任何文学色彩,从客观真实的角度对汽车专业知识进行英文表述。因此,汽车专业英语翻译对语言准确性的要求很高。我国翻译名家严复先生曾提出“信、达、雅”的翻译标准,汽车专业英语翻译同样应遵循这一准则,但还应附加良好的汉语功底、较强的英语语言能力及较广的知识面这三条原则。
2汽车专业英语翻译的原则
2.1汉语功底好
在翻译汽车专业英语的过程中,我们往往遇到反复修改后仍不理想的结果。特别是对比较正规的术语和原理表述的文本,常常出现表意不准的状况。因此,汉语表达能力和理解能力直接影响到翻译的质量。
2.2英语语言能力强
汽车专业英语最大的特点就是术语多,词汇量是构成这一门类的基石。除此之外,全面的英语语法知识也是必不可少的。二者缺一,就会阻碍翻译的顺利进行,导致译文质量的下降,同时也大大降低了翻译的速度。
2.3知识面广
要做好汽车专业英语翻译,对汽车专业知识的要求是较高的。无论是对原文的理解,还是译文的表达,译者必须了解汽车专业理论知识及维修常识,否则会无从下手。这也是与普通翻译的本质区别。
3汽车专业英语翻译的技巧
3.1一词多义法专业术语是构成汽车专业英语的基石,反映这一学科领域的内容。往往译者会依据汽车专业知识及专业英语词典来弄清楚这些术语的含义。绝大部分术语有其特定的英文词汇与之对应,如:crankshaft(曲轴),engine(发
动机),thermostat(节温器)。但还有一部分术语的表意容易与普通英语词汇相混淆。如:revolution一般会译为“革命”,但汽车英语中它是指“旋
转”;generator一般译为“生产者”,汽车英语中被译为“发电机”;passage
通常被译为“一段文章”,而汽车英语中它https://www.360docs.net/doc/5a750411.html,是“水路、油路”的意思。再者,地域的不同,也会导致术语使用的差异。为了推广市场,德、美、日等汽车工业大国都把本国汽车的领先技术译成英文手册,以供他国之用,但在术语表达上,德系车手册表达“变速箱”和“传感器”通常使用gearbox和sender,不同于其他国家的惯用词transmission和sensor。故此,科技的发展,大量的英语词汇会不断演变成科学术语,只有通过不断地积累才能掌握这些术语的含义及区别。
3.2抽象译法
机械式翻译是翻译汽车专业英语的大忌,同时也违背了翻译的标准。因此,为达到忠实通顺的要求,抽象译法是我们经常用到的一种翻译方法。如:
(1)Inordertogetacleaneremission,electronicfuelinjectionsystemisapplie
d.
译文:为了降低排放,应用了电子燃油喷射系统。cleaneremission不能机械地翻译成“较清洁的排放”,这会令读者费解。因此,译作“降低排放”符合专业表达。
(2)The engine neverstarvesforfuel. 译文:发动机不会缺油。starvefor 在这里不能被译为“渴望”,因为主语是发动机,所以结合汽车专业的表达法,它是“缺油、断油”的意思。
3.3词类转换法
词类转换法又称转性译法,也是常用的翻译方法。它是根据译文语言的习惯进行词性转换的。例如:
EFIsystemhasthejobofsupplyingacombustiblemixtureofairandfueltotheengi ne.
译文:EFI系统的功用是给发动机供给可燃混合气。hasthejobof的本意为“有一份工作”,但这里应译为“??的功用”。词性也由原来的动词转换为名词。
3.4被动变主动的译法汽车专业英语是对汽车使用、原理、维修等客观事物的陈述。针对汽车专业英语中的被动语态,我们往往要按照汉语表达客观事物的习惯译成主动句式。
(1)astheoilisfedtothevariousmovingpartsoftheengine,itabsorbsandcarrie s
theheatawayfromtheengineparts.译文:机油供向发动机的各运动部件时,它能吸收并带走发动机部件发出的热量。isfedto被转换成主动语态。
(2)KarlBenzfromGermanybuiltthefirstcardrivenbyaninternalcombustioneng ine1886.
译文:德国的卡尔·本茨于1886年制造出第一辆用内燃发动机驱动的汽车。
driven做了thefirstcar的动词性修饰语。
3.5增补译法
汽车专业英语的表达法往往很简练,因此在译文时需要添加一些必要的词汇,从而使译文在语法及语言表达上能与原文在内容和形式达到对等。
如:Afuelinjectorisnothingbutanelectronicallycontrolledvalve.译文:喷油器是通过电磁阀控制的。译文中增加了谓语动词,从而不会误解为喷油器就是个电磁阀。https://www.360docs.net/doc/5a750411.html,/汽车专业英语翻译会随着中国汽车业的发展而变得热门,对翻译的要求也会越来越高。不像文学翻译那样要注重文学修辞的美感,汽车专业英语翻译更多的要把握忠实和顺达的准则。当然,掌握并运用好翻译技巧是一名译者进行实战的必备条件,只有扎实的语言功底和丰富的汽车知识,并在实践中不断地总结经验,才能真正
地做好汽车专业英语翻译。
汽车专业英语翻译综合
第一章汽车总论 1)Today’s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。P1 现在的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类：车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。 2)The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the power train. P3 发动机作为动力设备，常见的类型是内燃机，其原理是通过发动机缸内的液体燃料燃烧而产生能量。发动机可分为两类：汽油机（点燃式）和柴油机（压燃式），都属于热力发动机。燃料燃烧产生热量使缸内气压上升，产生的能量驱动轴旋转，并传递给动力传动系。 第二章内燃机 1)Power train system: conveys the drive to the wheels 2)Steering system: controls the direction of movement 3)Suspension system: absorbs the road shocks 4)Braking system: slows down the vehicle P4 传动系把发动机输出的扭矩传递给驱动轮。传动系包括离合器（对应机械变速器）或液力变矩器（对应液力自动变速器）、变速器、驱动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动桥。 5)Drum brakes have a drum attached to the wheel hub, and braking occurs by means of brake shoes expanding against the inside of the drum. With disc brakes, a disc attached to the wheel hub is clenched between two brake pads. P6 鼓式制动器的制动鼓和轮毂连接，制动蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在盘式制动器上，连着轮毂的制动盘被紧紧夹在两个制动块之间。 1)Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn.The power stroke"uses up"the gas,so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture:this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves;An inlet valve allows the mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job . P10 活塞通过连杆和曲轴连接，使得气体带动曲轴旋转半圈。作功冲程耗尽了所有的气体，这样就必须采取相应的措施排出废气并且向气缸内充入新的可燃混合气：气体的运动由气门来控制。进气门使可燃混合气在恰当的时刻进入气缸，排气门使燃烧后的废气排出气缸。 2)The spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in ignition,which converts the energy cntained in the fuel to kinetic energy.The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes. To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft. P11 火花点火式发动机是由外部提供点火的内燃机，从而将含在燃料内的能量转化成动能。发动机的一个工作循环分布在活塞的四个行程中，一个完整的工作循环曲轴需要转动两圈。 3)The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus,there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine. P15
汽车专业英语53862
Accommodati on 适应性 Aerod yn amics 空气动力学 Air Con ditio ner 空调 Air Drag 风阻 Air Suspe nsion 空气悬挂 An alysis 分析 Anti Corrosion 防腐 Anti Rust 防锈 Ashtray 烟灰盒 Assembly 装配 Assistant ' s seat」驾驶座 Attachi ng Parts 附件 Azimuth 方位（角）（极坐标） Back An gle 靠背角 Backrest 靠背 Backup Lamp 倒车灯 Bino cular Obstructio n 双眼盲区BIW （Body-I n-White）白车身Blower 风机 Body 车身，车体 Bolt螺栓 Bonn eted Cab 凸头驾驶室Bracket 托架 Breakdow n 分块 Bumper 保险杠 Bushi ng 衬套 Case壳体 Caution Plate 警告牌 Cen troid 重心 Cigarette Lighter 点烟器 Chassis 底盘 Chassis Frame 车架 Check Arm 限位器 Clip卡扣 Cluster Meter 组合仪表盘 Coat Han ger 衣帽架 Coat Hook 衣帽钩 Collar 套环 Combi natio n Switch 组合开关Comfort 舒适性 Comp onent 总成
Con cealed Wipers 隐藏式雨刮器Condenser 冷凝器
叮叮小文库 Con tour 轮廓线 Co ntrols 控制件 Con vex Mirror 凸面镜 Coola nt 冷却液 Cooler 制冷器 Crash 碰撞 Cup Holder 水杯架 Curtain 窗帘 Curtain Rail 窗帘滑轨 Curvili neal 曲线的 Dash Board 前围内板 Delivery of the Drawi ng 岀图 Displaceme nt 位移 Door Check 限位器 Door Header Rail 车门顶轨 Door Lock 车门锁 Door Ope ning 门洞 Door Outer Ha ndle 车门外手柄 Door Outer Pan el 车门外板 Door Pan el 门护板 Door Pocket 门袋 Door Regulator 车门玻璃升降器 Door Sash 车门窗框 Door Striker 锁环 Door Trim 车门护板 Door Ven tilator 三角窗 Drip Rail 滴水凹槽顶轨 Drive Con figurati on 驱动形式 Dummy Plate 平衡板 Dyn amic 动态的 Ellipsoid Surface 椭球面 Emblem 商标 En gi ne 发动机 Engin eeri ng 工程 En tra nee Han drail 上车门扶手 Entry & Exit 进岀 Ergono mics 人机工程学 Eyellipse 眼椭圆 Fatigue An alysis 疲劳分析 FEM (Fi nite Eleme nt Method) 有限元 Fen der 翼子板
汽车维修保养养护专业英语词汇
汽车维修、保养、养护专业英语词汇 汽车维修、保养、养护专业英语词汇 汽车维护Vehicle maintenance 汽车修理Vehicle repair 汽车维修制度System of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维修性Maintainability of vehicle 汽车技术状况Technical Condition of Vehicle 汽车完好技术状况Good condition of vehicle 汽车不良状况Bad condition of vehicle 汽车工作能力Working ability of vehicle 汽车技术状况参数Parameters for technical condition of vehicle 汽车极限技术状况Limiting condition of vehicle 汽车技术状况变化规律Regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle 运行缺陷Operational defect 制造缺陷Manufacturing defect 设计缺陷Design defect 事故性缺陷Accidental defect 汽车耗损Vehicle wear-out 汽车零件磨损Wear of vehicle part 磨损过程Wear process 正常磨损Normal wear 极限磨损Limiting wear 允许磨损Permissible wear 磨损率Wear rate 机械磨损Mechanical wear 化学损耗Chemical wear 热磨损Thermic wear 疲劳磨损Fatigue wear 腐蚀性磨损Corrosion wear 故障磨损Failure wear 故障Malfunctioning 断裂Breakdown 损坏Damage 更换（零件）Replacing 擦伤Scratching 刮伤Scoring 点蚀Pitting 粘附Adhesion 咬粘Seizure 烧伤Burning
汽车全部零部件英文翻译
汽车全部零部件英文翻译 车轮系统 Wheeling System 轮毂 Wheel Hub 轮胎 Tire 轮胎汽门嘴 Tire Valve 轮圈 Wheel Disk 轮圈盖 Wheel Cover 车轮系统 Wheeling System 电装品 Electrical Parts 电瓶 Battery 中央门控 Central Door Lock 分电盘 Distributor 火星塞 Spark Plug 汽车用电子钟 Digital Clock 汽车音响 Car Audio 防盗器 Car Burglar Alarm 雨刷及雨刷连杆 Wiper / Linkage 保险丝座Fuse Seat 保险丝 Fuse 洗涤壶 Windshield Washer 配线 Wire Harness 马达类 Motor 高压线组 Ignition Cable 喇叭 Horn 发电机Alternator (Components) 开关类 Switch 蜂鸣器 Buzzer 预热塞 Glow Plug 仪表 Combination Meter 灯泡 Bulb 灯类 Lamp 点火线圈 Ignition Coil 继电器 Relay 倒车雷达 Reverse Sensor 电池充电器 Battery Charger
闪光器 Flasher 省电器 Energy Saving Unit 端子 Terminal 电动座椅装置 Power Seat Unit 马达零件 Motor Components 电装品 Electrical Parts 汽车用光盘 Car CD 汽车用液晶显示器 Car LCD 调整器 Regulator 整流器 Rectifier 电子点火器 Ignition Module 倒车显示器 Rear View Display 定速器 Cruise Controller HID车灯安定器组合 HID Ballast Complete Set for Headlights LED 灯 LED Lamp 车灯控制器 Lighting Controller 点火线圈模块 Ignition Coil Module 外装品 Exterior Parts 水箱饰罩 Radiator Grille 天线 Antenna 车身护条 Side Protector 防撞护垫 Bumper Pad 后视镜 Door Mirror 装饰贴纸、标志Ornament Mark 轮弧 Fender Trim 挡泥板 Mud Guard 扰流板 Spoiler 前防撞杆 Guard Assy (Front) 后防撞杆 Grard Assy (Rear) 内装品 Interior Parts 仪表板 Instrument Panel 中央置物箱 Console 孔塞 Grommet Plug 地毯 Floor Mat
汽车专业英语翻译
About car engine Of all automobile components,an automobile engie is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an autombile.So, the engine is generally called the"heat"of an automobile. 在汽车的所有部件中，汽车发动机是最复杂的组件，其对整车性能有着决定性的作用。因而发动机往往被称作发动机的“心脏”。 There are actually various types of engines such as electric motors,stream engines,andinternal combustion engines.The internal combustion engines seem to have almost complete dominance of the automotive field.The internal combustion engine,as its name indicates,burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. 事实上，按动力来源分发动机有很多种，如电动机、蒸汽机、外燃机等。然而内燃机似乎在发动机领域有着绝对的统治地位。就像其字面意思一样，内燃机的染料在气缸内燃烧，通过将燃烧产生气体的膨胀力转换成转动力来驱动发动机前进。 Engine is the power source of the automobile.Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder.However,this linear motion must be changed into rotary motion to turn the wheels of cars or trucks.The puston attached to the top of a connecting rod by a pin,called a piston pin or wrist pin.The bottom of the connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft.The connecting rod transmits the up-and-down motion of the piston to the crankshaft,which changes it into rotary motion.The connecting rod is mounted on the crankshaft with large bearings called rod bearing.Similar bearings, called main bearings,are used to mount the crankshaft in the block. 发动机是整部车的动力来源。能量来自于活塞在气缸内的（往复）直线运动。然而这种（往复）直线运动必须要转换成旋转运动才能驱动车轮。活塞与连杆通过一个销来连接，这个销称为活塞销。连杆的下部连接于曲拐。连杆把活塞的上下往复运动传递给曲拐，从而将往复直线运动转变成旋转运动。连杆和曲拐的连接使用大的轴承，称之为连杆轴承，类似的轴承也用于将曲轴连接到机体，称之为主轴承。 They are generally two different types of cooling system:water-cooling system and air-cooling system.Water-cooling system is more common.The cooling medium, or coolant, in them is either water or some low-freezing liquid, called antifreeze.A water-cooling system consists of the engine water jacket, thermostat, water pump, radiator, radiator cap, fan, fan drive belt and neccessary hoses. 主要有两种类型的冷却系统：水冷和风冷。水冷系统更为普遍。系统所用冷却介质或是冷却液常委水或其他低凝固点液体，称为抗凝剂。一个完整的水冷系统包括机体水套，节温器，水泵，散热器，散热器罩，风扇，风扇驱动皮带和必需的水管。 A water-cooling system means that water is used as a cooling agent to circulate through the engine to absorb the heat and carry it to the radiator for disposal.The ebgine is cooled mainly through heat transfer and heat dissipation.The heat generated by the mixture burned in the engine must be transferred from the iron or aluminum cylinder to the waterin the water jacket.The outside of the water jacket dissipates some of the heat to the air surrounding it, but most of the heat is carried by the cooling water to the radiator for dissipation.When the coolant temperature in the system reaches 90°,the termostat valve open fully, its slanted edge shutting off
汽车维护专业英语
汽车维护Vehicle maintenance 汽车修理Vehicle repair 汽车维修制度System of vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维修性Maintainability of vehicle 汽车技术状况Technical Condition of Vehicle 汽车完好技术状况Good condition of vehicle 汽车不良状况Bad condition of vehicle 汽车工作能力Working ability of vehicle 汽车技术状况参数Parameters for technical condition of vehicle 汽车极限技术状况Limiting condition of vehicle 汽车技术状况变化规律Regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle 运行缺陷Operational defect 制造缺陷Manufacturing defect 设计缺陷Design defect 事故性缺陷Accidental defect 汽车耗损Vehicle wear-out 汽车零件磨损Wear of vehicle part 磨损过程Wear process 正常磨损Normal wear 极限磨损Limiting wear 允许磨损Permissible wear 磨损率Wear rate 机械磨损Mechanical wear 化学损耗Chemical wear 热磨损Thermic wear 疲劳磨损Fatigue wear 腐蚀性磨损Corrosion wear 故障磨损Failure wear 故障Malfunctioning 断裂Breakdown 损坏Damage 更换（零件）Replacing 擦伤Scratching 刮伤Scoring 点蚀Pitting 粘附Adhesion 咬粘Seizure 烧伤Burning 穴蚀Cavitation 老化Aging 疲劳Fatigue 变形Deformation
汽车专业英语课文翻译4
Fuel Supply System of Gasoline Engine(UNIT SEVEN) All the gasoline engines have substantially identical fuel systems and run on a mixture consisting of fuel vapor and air. The fuel system comprises the units designed to store, clear and deliver fuel, the units intended to clean air and a unit for preparing a mixture from fuel vapor and air. In a fuel system different components are used to supply fuel from the fuel tank into the engine cylinder. Some of the important components are fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel filter, carburetor, intake manifold and fuellines or tubes connecting the tank, pump and the carburetor. The fuel tank is a fuel container used for storing fuel. It is made of sheet metal. It is attached to the vehicle frame with metal traps and is located at the rear of the vehicle. They are mounted in a boot or boot-floor pan in case of front-engined cars and small commercial vehicles. In order to strengthen the tank as well as to prevent surging of fuel when the vehicle rounds a curve of suddenly stops, baffle plates are attached to the inside of the tank. A cap is used to close the filler opening of the tank. The fuel line is attached at or near the bottom of the tank with a filtering element placed at the connection. The other components of the fuel tank are the fuel gauge sending unit, a vent pipe, receiving unit. To prevent the dirt and water from entering the luggage compartment, a sealing strip is fitted between the fuel tank and boot floor pan. Moreover to limit the transmission of frame distortion to the tank giving rise to squeaking as the metal parts get rubbed together, rubber or felt pads are often fitted between the mountings and the tank. Provision is also made against drumming of the tank by these mountings. The tank may be placed at the side of the chassis frame for convenience in case of large commercial vehicles. The length of the connecting lines or tubes from the tank to the carburetor is also restricted by this at the same time. A porous filter is attached to the outlet lines. By drawing fuel from the tank through the filter, any water in the bottom of the tank as well as any dirt into the fuel gathers on the surface of the filter. To keep the fuel always under atmospheric pressure, the filter pipe or tank is vented. In order to prevent dirt in the fuel from entering the fuel pump or carburetor, fuel filters and screens are used in the fuel system. If the dirt is not removed from the fuel, the normal operation of these units will be prevented. The engine performance will also be reduced.
汽车专业英语_单词表
unit1 body 车身chassis 底盘enclosure外壳、套hood车棚、车顶sway 摇摆frame车架steering转向、操作brake 制动weld焊接rivet铆钉bolt螺钉washer垫圈vibration 振动stabilizer稳定器ride乘坐舒适性handling操作稳定性linkages转向传动机构plier钳子distributor分电器alternator交流发电机regulator调节器carburetor化油器radiator散热器、水箱defroster除冰装置sludge金属碎屑transmission变速器differential 差速器power train 传动系unitized body 承载式车身suspension system 悬架系统steering system 转向系braking system 制动系shock absorbers减震器control arms控制臂steering wheel 转向盘steering column转向管柱steering gears 转向器tie rod 横拉杆idler arm随动臂brake shoe制动蹄disc brake 盘式制动器drum brakes 鼓式制动器ignition system 点火系统exhaust system 排气系统lubrication system 润滑系oil filters 机油滤清器drive（or propeller）shaft传动轴universal joints 万向节dynamo发电机horn喇叭swived 旋转steering box转向器timing gear 正时齿轮bevel gear 锥齿轮mesh with与啮合leaf spring 钢板弹簧stub axle 转向节 unit2 longitudinal纵向的transverse横向的reciprocate往复spin旋转piston活塞ignite点火rub摩擦quart夸脱reservoir油箱mechanical机械的enclosed被附上的gallon加仑stroke冲程camshaft凸轮轴combustion燃烧disengaged脱离啮合的flywheel飞轮internal-combustion engine内燃机diesel-fuel柴油LPG=Liquefied Petroleum Gas液化石油气体CNG=Compressed natural gas压缩天然气spark ignition火花点火compression ignition压缩点火spark plug火花塞gas-turbine engine蒸汽机Stirling engine斯特灵发动机lubricating system润滑系统oil pan油底壳oil pump机油泵exhaust system排气系统emission-control system排放控制系统energy conversion能量转换air/fuel ratio空燃比connecting rod连杆TDC=Top Dead Center上止点BDC=Bottom Dead Center 下止点intake stroke进气冲程compression stroke压缩冲程power stroke作功冲程exhaust stroke排气冲程compression ratio压缩比lifter挺柱rocker摇臂retainer弹簧座seal密封件tappet 推杆lobe凸起gasket垫圈valve train配气机构cam follower气门挺柱rocker arm摇臂combustion chamber燃烧室intake valve进气阀exhaust valve排气阀valve stem气门杆valve cover气门室盖valve port阀口valve guide气门导管 unit3
汽车维修英语
AAA——American Automobile Association——美国汽车协会；美国汽车联合会AAAA——澳大利亚汽车后市场协会 AAAV——远征战斗车辆（现在称EFV） AAC——数字音频解码技术 AAC——辅助空气控制阀 AANH——美国网络销售公司 AAP——Auto Aftermarket Parts——汽车售后部件 AAS——Adaptive Air Suspension——可调空气悬架（奥迪）；主动式悬架AASS——Adaptive Air Suspension System——可调空气悬架系统（奥迪）AAT——Adaptive Airbage Technology——（德尔福）自适应安全气囊技术 AB——All Balanced——全面均衡（设计理念）（简称AB设计理念，该理念主要包括动力、空间、安全、操控和个性化5个方面） ABA——制动摩擦片虚位自动调校补偿系统 ABC——Active Body Control——主动车身控制；动态车身控制；主动车身控制悬架系统ABC+T——Automatic Brake and Traction Control——自动制动控制+牵引力辅助控制ABD——自动制动差速器；差速制动系统 ABD——英国驾车者协会 ABI——英国保险联合会 ABS——Anti-lock Brake System或Anti-lock Braking System——防抱死制动系统说明：没有ABS时，汽车紧急制动时，4个车轮会被完全抱死，这时只要有轻微的侧向力作用（比如倾斜的路面或者地上的一块小石头），汽车就会发生侧滑、甩尾，甚至完全调头。特别是在弯道上行驶时，由于前轮抱死，汽车将因车轮缺乏附着而丧失转向能力，沿着惯性方向向前直至停止。ABS的功能就在于通过控制制动油压的收放，达到对车轮抱死的控制。ABS系统可以使汽车在任何工况下对汽车的4个车轮通过4个独立的传感器进行检测，并对各个车轮独立控制，使4个车轮均处于最佳的制动状态，能够保障汽车在任何的路面上，特别是在雨水路面和冰雪路面上制动时，保证汽车的任何一个车轮都不抱死，避免汽车发生侧滑、甩尾及无法转向等，从而使汽车具有良好的的制动效能、稳定性和转向性，提高汽车的制动安全性。当进行制动时，安全在车轮上的车轮转速传感器立即能感知车轮是否抱死，并将信号传给电脑，电脑会马上降低被抱死车轮的制动力，车轮又继续转动，转动到一定程度，电脑又控制施加制动，这样不断重复，直至汽车完全停下来。通过“抱死——松开——抱死——松开”的循环工作，车辆始终处于临界抱死的间隙滚动状态。安装ABS后，汽车能显著改善制动性能，有效保证驾乘人员的安全。 ABS+EBD——电子制动力分配系统 ABV——进气压力控制阀 AC——Agile Chassis——敏捷底盘（采用DSR动态操控响应技术） AC——Attention Control——（德国大众）防困倦系统 该系统可通过安装在驾驶室的摄像头对驾驶员眨眼间隔及次数进行监测，当发现驾驶员有入睡倾向时，便会提醒驾驶员注意，以消除困倦、防止事故的发生。 ACA——Air Cushion Assemblies——（德尔福）安全气囊气囊总成 ACA——Auto Color Award——汽车色彩奖 ACC——Active Cruise Control或Automatic Cruise Control或Adaptive Cruise Control——自适应巡航控制系统；智能式巡航定速系统；适应性车速控制系统；主动式定速控制系统
汽车专业英语翻译
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 引擎燃烧室 1. principle of operation 原理 Engine and power : Engine is used to produce power. The chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate. This process is called combustion. If engine combustion occurs with the power chamber. ,the engine is called internal combustion engine. If combustion takes place outside the cylinder, the engine is called an external combustion engine. Engine used in automobiles are internal combustion heat engines. Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases with the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power. 译: 引擎和能量: 引擎为汽车提供能量，燃料的化学能通过燃烧，转化为热能，这个过程叫燃烧。假如燃烧在燃烧室，这样的发动机叫内燃机。假如燃烧在气缸外，这样的发动机叫外燃机。 用在汽车上的一般是内燃机，热能在燃烧室释放，燃烧室气体温度升高。气体温度的升高使气体的压力曾加，燃烧室内的高压气体作用在活塞头部产生可以利用的化学能，化学能转化为机械能。 Engine T erms : Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke “uses up” the gas , so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture :this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves ;an inlet valve allows the new mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job. Engine terms are : TDC(Top Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft. BDC(Bottom Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft. Stroke : the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. Bore : the internal diameter of the cylinder. Swept volume : the volume between TDC and BDC Engine capacity : this is the swept volume of all the cylinder e.g. a four-stroke having a capacity of two liters(2000cm) has a cylinder swept volume of 50cm. Clearance volume: the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC. Compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)\(clearance vol) Two-stroke : a power stroke every revolution of the crank.
汽车专业英语 全集
engine type) liquid cooled, in-line, 4cylinder, carb (发动机型号)水冷，直列，四缸，化油器式 (engine) compression ratio (发动机)压缩比 (engine) displacement (发动机)排量 (engine) fuel (发动机)燃料 3rd gear 三档齿轮 3-way seat 三向座椅 4WD control device 四轮驱动控制装置 4WD indicator switch 四轮驱动指示灯开关 4WD lamp electrical connection 四轮驱动指示灯接线 4WD switch 四轮驱动开关 5th synchromesh assy. 五档同步器总成 6PK belt 6PK 多楔驱动皮带 A / C compressor assembly 空调压缩机总成 A / C control assembly 空调控制装置 A/C & heater assy. 空调加热器总成 A/C blower 空调鼓风机 A/C clutch 空调压缩机离合器 A/C compressor MTG bracket 空调压缩机安装支架 A/C control assy. 空调控制器 A/C housing assy. 空调箱总成 A/C low pressure switch 空调低压开关 A/C mode select switch 空调状态选择开关
abdomen performance criterion 腹部性能指标 Abdominal Peak Force 腹部力峰值 ABS 防抱死制动系统 acceleration fuel system 加速系统 acceleration running noise level 加速行驶噪声 accelerator interlocking type 加速踏板联锁式 accounting foundation 财政基础 Actual cycle work 实际循环功 Actual torso angle 实际躯干角 adapter 连接器 additional features 附加装置 additional rule 附加法规 adjust screw 调整螺钉 adjuster cable 调整拉线 adjuster plug 调整盖 adjuster screw assy. 调整螺栓总成 adjuster washer 调整棘片 adjuster, diff. bearing 差速器轴承调整螺母 Adjustment system 调节装置 Administration and Registration Division 管理科 Agreement Concerning the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts Which