专业术语(中英对照)

一、土建：

分包商：subcontractor；业主：client；进度表：schedule form sheet；分包商投标报价：subcontractor’s quotation；建筑：architecture（building）；结构：civil/structure；装修：decoration；暖通：HVAC；电气：electrical 电讯：telecommunication；消防：fire fighting；给排水：water supply and drainage；土方：earthwork；灰土：lime soil；回填：backfill（filling）；压实：compaction；基础梁：foundation beam；电缆沟：cable trench；地下设施：underground facilities；开挖：excavation；电缆桥架：cable tray；垫层：bedding cushion；浇注：cast；钢筋混凝土：reinforce concrete；商品混凝土：prefix concrete；素混凝土：plain concrete；模板：formwork；养护：curing；混凝土养护：curing concrete 基础螺栓：anchor bolt；预埋件：embedded steel；沟槽：trench；开洞：opening；电梯井：lift well；脚手架 scaffold；钢筋的弯折、搭接、焊接：rebar bending、cutting、lapping and welding；上部结构：superstructure；混凝土框架：concrete frame structure；放线：alignment；定位：fix position；清理：clean up；平整：grade；支撑：support；振捣器：vibrator；塌落度：slump；添加剂：additive；混凝土标号：class of concrete；打灰速度：rate of pour；打灰编号：pour number；预留孔堵塞：block out；养护方式：curing proposed；内装修：interior finished；外装修：exterior finished；盘圆：bundled bar；木嵌条：cork joint；横向施工缝：horizontal construction joint detail；纵向施工缝：longitudinal construction joint detail；填方区：filling farm；挖方区：cutting farm；零点线：zero line；施工标高：construction elevation；设计标高：design elevation；原地面标高：ground elevation；建筑物和构筑物：building and structure；防潮层：

damp proof course；素土：plain soil(raw soil)；素土压实：compacted soil；压实系数：compacting factor；振捣混凝土：vibrated concrete；平板振捣器：vibrating board；振动捣实：vibrating compaction；振捣棒：vibrating needle；振动夯：vibrating rammer；水准仪：leveler；经纬仪：transit；靠尺：running ruler；楔形塞尺：plug scale；表面平整度：surface plainness（surface levelness）；抄平：take elevation；轴线位置：axial line position；截面内部尺寸：the inner dimension of the section；层高垂直：floor height vertically；全高：entire height；相邻两板表面高低差height difference between two neighbor form plate；次梁钢筋：sub-beam rebar；板钢筋：slab rebar；灌注桩：cast-in-place pile；混凝土保护层：protective coating of concrete；钻孔灌注桩：bore cast-in-place pile；地板：floor；基础上筋：bottom bar of the foundation；基础下筋：upper bar of the foundation material；滑动端：sliding side；固定端：fixed side；水泥砂浆：cement mortar；细石混凝土：fine concrete；配筋图：rebar arrangement；止水扳：water stop；底版平面：bottom slab plan；集污槽：sump tank；防爆墙：explosion-proof wall；静电接地板：anti-static grounding floor board；冻土深度：frozen soil depth；抹灰：plaster。

二、钢结构：

垫板：washer；底版：base plate；栏杆：handrail；打磨平整：grinder finish；剪切力：shear force；剪切面 shear area；双剪连接：double shear connection；钢性连接：moment connection；力矩系数：moment coefficient；扭矩 torque moment（moment of torsion）；轧制钢板：rolled steel；角焊缝：fillet weld；柱脚底标高：post elevation；加劲肋详图：detail of rib stiffen；散热片：

cooling rib；横肋：cross rib；加强肋：stiffening rib；支撑端头：end detail of brace；竖向支撑接点板连接方式：gusset plate connection of vertical bracing；密封焊：seal welding；角钢支撑：angle brace；格栅板卡具固定详图：details of clamp grating；穿管周边钢格栅详图：details of grating pipe；普通卡具连接形式：normal clamp type；钢格栅铺设详图：detail of grating construction；踏步板：stair tread；胀锚螺栓（加固螺栓）：cinch bolt；梯梁：stringer；纵梁斜撑：stringer bracing；固定板：mounted plate；拐角处扶手（栏杆）：railing at corner；塞焊：plug weld；门轴：gate axle；销：pin；套管：sleeve；栏杆：handrail；H型钢：H steel;;槽钢：channel steel；安全护笼：safety cage；钢格板：grate；花纹钢格板：CH.PL；双向钢筋网：double bar-mesh；罐区地坪：paving of tank farm；零件：part；部件：component；构件：element；小拼单元：the smallest assembled rigid unit；中拼单元：intermediate assembled structure；高强度螺栓连接副：set of high strength bolt；空间刚度单元：space rigid unit；焊钉焊接：stud welding；环境温度：ambient temperature；抗滑移系数：slip coefficient of faying face；钢结构防火：fireproof for steel structure。

三、桩基（pile foundation）

灌注桩：cast-in-place pile；混凝土保护层：protective coating of concrete；钻孔灌注桩：bore cast-in-place pile；桩位图：pile arrangement plan；桩顶标高：the top elevation of the pile；桩承台：pile cap；桩长：pile length；桩头凿掉：chip out the conic；静载试验：static test；单桩竖向承载力特征值：characteristic value of the pile vertical bearing capacity；单桩水平承载力特征值：characteristic value of the pile lateral bearing capacity；

动力测试：dynamic testing；桩详图：pile detail；卵石土：cobble soil；螺旋箍筋：spiral hoop-bar；焊接箍筋：welding hoop-bar；缩孔：shrinkage cavity；收缩孔：shrinkage hole；收缩力：shrinkage stress；高应变动力检测规程：specification for high strain dynamic testing of pile。

四、火灾报警系统及电气fire alarm system and electrical

火灾报警主控制盘：fire alarm main Control Panel；联锁电源盘：Interlock power panel；联锁备用电源 Interlock UPS；手动联锁控制盘：manual Interlock control panel；编码感烟探测器：Coding Smoke Detector；编码感温探测器：Coding Heat Detector；通用底座：common basement；编码手动报警按钮：Coding Manual Alarm Call Point；联锁控制模块：Interlock Control Module；信号输入模块：Signal input Module；编码声光报警器：Coding Flash and Sound Unit；壁挂式模块箱：Wall-mounted Module Box；分线盒：Branch Box；专用接地装置：Special Grounding Unit；电缆汇线槽：cable tray；阻燃双绞线：Non-fire Twisted Wire；水煤气钢管：conduit；网络模块：net module；无线对讲机：walkie-talkie；系统天线：antenna；充电器和电池：charger and battery；地下直埋线路：cable buried in the ground；沿建筑无暗敷设线路：cable concealed along the building；火警系统分线盒：fire alarm system branch box；双孔信息插孔：double-hole outlet；沿吊顶内敷设线路：cable installed in ceiling；屋顶下明敷设线路：cable installed under the ceiling；缆线由此引上：cable installed to upwards；缆线由下引来：cable installed from downwards；缆线由下引来并由此引上：cable installed from downwards to upwards；缆线由上引来缆线由此引下：cable installed from upwards to downwards；用电负荷图表：load/motor list；防雷接地平面图：grounding and lightning wiring；

插座平面图：socket wiring；电气管线表：electrical cable schedule；电缆敷设平面图：cable laying diagram；中控搂配电平面图：CCB power wiring；典型电路图：schematic diagram MCC；单线图：MCC single line diagram；CCB 化验配电系统图：CCB lab panel schedule；盘面布置图：panel layout；CCB 设备材料表：CCB list of equipment and material；配电箱编号/型号：panel reference /type；回路编号：circuit reference；风机：ventilator；负荷统计表：load summary；芯数及截面：cable cores and size；灯座：bulb holder；应急灯：emergency lamp；单管荧光灯：fluorescent lamp with one tube ；三管荧光灯：fluorescent lamp with three tubes；带应急电源的双管荧光灯fluorescent lamp with two lamp with emergency power；二位单极暗装灯开关：conceal mounted lighting switch with two buttons；嵌入式灯具：recessed lighting；接地板：earth bar；接地极：electrode；接地线：grounding wire；接地干线：grounding bar；总接地网：general grounding grid；利用柱内内钢筋做引下线：use reinforcement in column as down conductor；防雷接地：grounding and lightning；铜包钢：copper clad steel；避雷针：lightning rod；高压进线：Hv incoming feeder；中控楼电气管线表：CCB electrical cable schedule；高压进线：HV incoming feeder；检修插座：maintenance socket；现场操作拄：local control station；道路照明：road lighting；母线槽：bus duct；母联：bus coupler；母线：bus bar；成套装置：package unit；静电接地：anti-static grounding；土壤电阻：soil resistivity；防爆型：explosion-proof type；短路：short circuit；断路器：circuit breaker；功率因数：power factor；照明系统：lighting system；路灯：road illumination；照明灯具：lighting fixture；照明配电箱：lighting distribution；变压器中

性点：transformer neutral；开关柜：switchgear cabinet；瞬时过电流继电器：instantaneous over-current relay；延时过电流继电器：time delayed over-current relay；欠电压继电器：under voltage relay；接地故障继电器：earth fault relay；跳闸或报警：trip and alarm；计量柜：metering cabinet；操作及故障指示灯：operating and fault indicating lamps；马达控制中心：motor control center；短路电流：short circuit current；抽出式执行部件：draw-out execution components；自动切换系统：automatic transfer system；相电流：phase current；微处理器：microprocessor；空气断路器：air break type circuit breaker；弹簧操作机构：spring operated mechanism；馈电空气断路器：feeder air circuit breaker；配备：equipped with；磁接触器：magnetic contactor；备用输出单元：spare outgoing unit；通风装置：ventilating apparatus；备用时间：back-up time；热电阻：thermal resistance；额定电压：nominal voltage；阻燃型：flame retardant type。

五、地下管线（under ground piping（U/P））

泡沫液管线：foam solution pipeline；循环给水管线：cooling water supply pipeline；循环回水管线：cooling water return pipeline；生活污水管线：sanitary sewer pipeline；雨水管线：rain water pipeline；消防水管线：fire water pipeline；球墨铸铁管线：ductile pipe；钢骨架塑料复合管：metal framed plastic pipe；电热熔焊连接：electrical fusion welding；无缝钢管：seamless steel pipe；双壁UPVC管：double –wall UPVC pipe；承插连接：socket connection；砂垫层：sand bed；沙石基础：sand stone foundation；室外消火栓，泡沫栓及水炮：outdoors hydrant，foam hydrant and water monitor；消火栓箱：hydrant cabinet；消防水龙带：fire hose；水枪：spray nozzle；原

土：raw soil(plain soil)；碎石：broken stone；泡沫枪：foam hose；阀门井：valve pit；仪表井：instrument pit；排水检查井：manhole；雨水口：catch basin；强度试验：strength test；严密性试验：seamless test；设计参数：design parameter；泄漏试验：leakage test；化粪池：septic tank；水封井：seal manhole （well）；保护钢套管：pipe sleeve；地漏：floor drain；端口水泥沙浆密封：cement mortar used to seal ports；雨水管线：rain water pipeline；无缝钢管：seamless（SMLS）pipe；弯头：elbow；等径三通：straight tee；异径三通：reducing tee；异径四通：reducing double tee；蝶阀：butterfly valve；法兰：flange；垫片：gasket；闸阀：gate valve；重型井盖：heavy –duty cover；井座：cover seat；轻型井盖：light-duty cover；混凝土支墩：concrete abutment；管道支墩：abutment for pipe。

六、名称：

中控楼：central control building；平面：plan；会议室：conference room；储藏室：storage room；销售经理室：sale manager room；销售财务部：sale and finance support room；财务经理部：finance manager room；人力经理室：human manager room；预留办公室：future office；管道井：pipe-well；电梯机房：lift room；储藏间：storage room；换热间：heat exchange room；走廊：corridor；门厅：lobby；化验室：laboratory；机修间：work shop；消防阀室：fire fighting valve room；高低压配电室：high volt（HV）and low volt（LV）switch room （distribution room）；男更衣室：male locker；备餐间：cooking room；秘书档案室：secretary and document room；男浴室：male shower；变压器：transformer；门厅：lobby；急救室：first aid；消防钢瓶间：fire fighting steel bottle storage；设计文件：design document；规范：code；当地规定：local

regulation；标准：standard；临时设施：temporary facility；临时工棚：temporary work shed；临时水电：temporary power and water；临时仓库及料厂：temporary warehouse and storage；附件：attachment；概述：general；描述：summary；基本要求：basic requirement；地基条件：soil information；场地气象条件：site climate condition；标高系统：elevation system；阀门室：valve house；罐区：tank farm；润滑油及废液桶库：lubricated oil and waste storage；泡沫站：foam station；自行车棚：bike shelter；计量站：metering station；旗杆：flag pole；停车位：parking stall；路标：road direction；人行道：walkway；设备仓库：equipment warehouse；锅炉房：boiler house；租赁仓库：rental warehouse；车库：garage；装卸站台：load and unload station；机柜室：cabinet room；男、女卫生间：toilet for men and women；餐厅：canteen。

七、图纸名称

界区内：the battery limits；工艺装置结构文件目录：process unit civil document list；工艺装置说明：process unit structural specification；工艺装置桩详图：process unit pile details；工艺装置基础详图；process unit foundation plan；工艺装置集污池：process unit sump tank；工艺装置框架立面布置图：process unit frame elevation；工艺装置设备支座详图：process unit equipment support detail；工艺装置通用节点：process unit common joint；单剪连接：single shear connection；工艺装置管架详图：process unit pipe rack detail；工艺装置栏杆详图：process unit detail of handrail；工艺装置钢爬梯（有护笼）通用图：process unit detail of ladder（with cage）；工艺装置阀门室详图：process unit valve house detail；图例：legend；地下管网：under ground（U/G）piping；地下管网布置图（详图）：plan of U/G piping（detail of

U/G piping）；污水系统图：flow diagram of industrial/sanitary sewer；圆形混凝土给水阀门井：round reinforce concrete valve pit；室外水表井及安装图：outdoor flow pit and construction；室外地上式消火栓安装图：construction of outdoor above ground hydrant；化粪池：septic tank；地漏：floor drain；竖项设计图：elevation layout；道路铺砌及详图：details of road and pavement；围墙平面图：fence plot plan；通风平面图：ventilation plan；风口平面图：air opening plan；采暖系统图：isometric drawing for heating；空调系统图：isometric drawing for air condition。

八、设备

1、暖通

轴流风机：axial fan；防爆离心机：explosion-proof centrifugal fan；吸顶式房间通风器：ceiling ventilator；空气净化机：air cleaning unit；风冷恒温横湿柜式空调：constant temperature and constant humidity （CTCH）air conditioner；单冷柜式分体空调：cabinet-type air conditioner；风管：duct；钢制蝶阀：butterfly damper；单层百叶风口：single deflection grill；球阀：globe valve；冷凝水管：condensate pipe；除污器：strainer；防火调节阀：fire damper；盒膜式疏水阀组：steam trap group；回风管：air return pipe；送风管：air supply pipe；新风：fresh air；排风 exhaust air；静压箱：buffer box；辅助加热器：booster heater；管配件：pipe fitting；管接头：pipe joint；短节（承口，法兰）：flange and bell；短节（插口，法兰）：flange and spigot；弯头：elbow；三通：tee；四通：cross；快速接头：quick- operation joint。

2、工艺设备

吊车：hoister；反应器出料泵：reactor side draw pump；反应器进料泵：reactor

feed pump；反应器循环泵：reactor recirculation pump；催化剂输送泵：catalyst feed pump；干燥塔回流泵：drying column reflux pump；塔底泵：column base pump；回收塔进料泵：recovery column feed pump；盐洗塔底泵：salts wash column base pump；闪蒸塔底泵：flash column base pump；精制塔底泵：refining column base pump；蒸汽凝液泵：steam condensate return pump；冷冻剂输送泵：chilled coolant pump；分离塔底泵：splitter column base pump；冷凝液泵：condensate pump；液环真空泵：liquid ring vacuum pump；空气压缩机：air compressor；冷冻压缩机：refrigerant compressor；输送泵：feed（transfer）pump；污水泵：process sump pump；催化剂混合罐蒸汽夹套：catalyst mix tank steam jacket；酸精制回流罐：acid refining Column Reflux Decanter；中压凝液闪蒸罐：MP steam condensate flash tank；常压凝液收集罐：atmospheric condensate receiver；酸气吸收罐：acid relief spray chamber；冷剂罐：chilled coolant tank；干燥塔再沸器：drying column reboiler；干燥塔进料预热器：drying column feed preheater；回收塔换热器：recorvery column interchanger；塔顶冷凝器：column overhead condenser；凝液放空冷凝器：atmospheric condensate vent condenser；精制塔：refining column；分离塔：splitter column；反应器侧线冷却器：reactor side draw cooler；反应器循环冷却器：reactor recirculation cooler；反应器气相冷凝器：reactor vent condenser；副产品放空冷凝器co-product tank vent condenser。

3、参数

风量：air flow；余压：net pressure；转速：speed；叶片角度：blade angle；功率：power；电源：voltage；冷量：cooling CAP；热量：heating CAP；过滤等级：filter efficiency。

九、术语

1、建设工程项目：construction project；单位工程：single project；分部工程：subproject；分项工程：subentry project；建设工程文件：construction project document；工程准备阶段文件：seedtime document of a construction project；监理文件：project management document；施工文件：construction document；竣工图：as-built drawing；竣工验收文件：handing over document；建设工程档案：project archive；案卷：file；立卷：filing；归档：putting into record；项目竣工验收：completion and delivery of construction project；最新版本：the latest edition；编制：work out （draw up）；编辑：compile；施工项目管理：construction project management；项目发包人：employer；项目承包人：contractor；项目分包人：subcontractor；项目经理：construction project manager；项目经理部：construction project management team；项目经理责任制：responsibility system of construction manager；项目管理目标责任书：responsibility documents of construction project management；项目管理规划大纲：planning outline for construction project management；项目管理实施规划：execution planning for construction project management；项目目标控制：object control for construction project；项目风险：construction project risk；监理大纲：supervising outline；监理规划：supervising planning；监理细则：supervising detailed regulation；项目风险管理：risk management of construction project；项目成本核算制：cost calculation system of construction project；项目生产要素管理：productive element management for construction project；项目合同管理：contract management for construction project；项目信息管理：information management

for construction project；项目现场管理：site management for construction project；项目回访保修：return visit and guarantee for repair of construction project；项目组织协调：organization coordination for construction project；项目考核评价：examination and evaluation of construction project management。

十、罐制作

底板：bottom plate；壁板：shell plate；顶板：roof plate；角钢圈：top angle：筋板：fib；垫板：pad；罐壁环缝：horizontal joints in shell；罐壁纵焊缝：vertical joints in shell；补强圈：reinforce plate；铭盘座：nameplate bracket；内浮盘：internal floating roof；人孔：manhole；接地板：earth lug；盖板：plate；预焊板：preweld plate；腐蚀裕度：corrosion allowance；地震烈度：seismic intensity；充水高度：filling height；液位计口：liquid meter nozzle；消防口：foam inlet；壁板与底版角焊缝：fillet joint between bottom and shell plate；放空口：vent nozzle；缠绕垫片：spiral wounded gasket；法兰盖：blind flange；接管：nozzle neck；踢脚板：baffle plate；踏步板：step plate；外侧板：outer side plate发；内侧板：inner side plate；花纹钢板：checkered plate。