高中英语常用词缀词根

常用词缀及示例

前缀及部分常用词根

a- 1. 表语性形容词 2. 加强意义 3. 在“in, at, on”

例：awake, aware, arise, arouse, aboard, abroad, ahead, alike, alive, asleep fore beforehand, front, before 先，前，预

例：forecast,forefinger,forehead,foremost,foresee

mis- 坏，恶，误

例：misfortune, mislead, mistake, misunderstand, misuse

out- 超出，在外，出外，胜过，超过

例：outbreak, outcome, outlet, outline, outlook, output, outnumber

over- 过度，越过；颠倒，反转，在上

例：overall, overcoat, overhead, overthrow, overcome, overseas

un- 不，无，做相反的动作，移开，消除

例：unable, unbearable, uncertain, uncover, unfit, unknown, unfold, unfair

unnecessary,unwilling,unlike,unlock,unpleasant

under- 在…下，低于，不足

例：underdeveloped, undergo, understand, underground, underlie, underwear ab-, a- 脱离，离开，离去

例：abnormal, abortion, absent, abuse

bi- 二，两，重

例：biennial, bimonthly, bilingual

semi- 半

例：semiannual, semimonthly, semicircle

circum-,circu- 周围，环

例：circumstance,circuit,circulate,circle,circulation

com 共同

-例：collaborate,collect,co-operate,corporation,company

contra-, counter- 反，相对

例：contrast,controversial,counter,counteract,contradiction

de- 出，离；向下，贬低

例： depreciate (比： appreciate), degrade, destroy

dis-, di-, dif- 离，分开；不，无；动作的相反或取消

例：disabled,dissuade,differ,disappear,disagree,dislike,disadvantage

inter- 在…之间，相互

例：interaction,interfere,international,interrupt,interview

ex-, e-, ef- 出外，除去，完全

例：emigrate, exclude, exhibition, expand

in-, im- 内，向内，入

例：immigrate, include, imprison, indoors

extra- 以外，超过

例：extra,extraordinary

in-, im- 不，无，非

例：impossible,illegal,illogical,inaccurate,irregular,impatient pre-

例：

re-

sub-

super-,sur-

trans-,tra-

auto-

equ-

form

min-, mini-

port

press-

spec-

vid-,vis-

bi-,bio-

geo-

gram

例：

log-

cap-,capit-

cent(i)

胡老师讲义

先，前，超

precaution,preface,prefer,preview,prewar

回，后退；再，又

remind,rewrite,react,replace,review,reveal,refine,recall

在…之下；低于，秘密地

subconscious,suffice,suppress,substandard,subsurface,subdivide

上，超

superficial,surface,surplus,supermarket,superman,supernatural

跨越，转，传

transatlantic,transform,transmit,transport,tyadition,translate

自己

automatic, automobile, autonomous, autonormy,

均，平等

equal,equality,equator

形式

formal, conform, deform, unform, reform, uniform

较小，较少

minor,minute,miniature,minority,minus

持，拿，运

portable,porter,export,import,support,transport

压

pressure,compress,express,impress

看

spectacle,aspect,expect,inspect,prospect,respect

看，看见

visible,vision,visual,evident,revise,visa,visitor,video

生命，生物

biochemistry,biography,biology

地，地球

geography, geometry,

eo，lo y形

graph,program, photograph, telegram

言语，推理

logic,logical,apology,apologize,dialogue,monologue

头

cap,capital,captain,caption

百，百分之一

cent,century,centigrade,centimetre

例：

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胡老师讲义常见后缀

-dom

-hood

-ness

-ship

-er,ar,or,ist,ant -d,-ed

-en

-fold

-ful

-ish

-less

-like

-ly

-some

-ward

-en

-age

表地位.身分.领域.条件.状况

例：freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom

表状态.地位.特征

例：childhood, brotherhood, motherhood, neighborhood

表状态.性质

例：happiness, likeness, sadness, weakness, darkness, goodness

表性质.情况.地位.身分

例：friendship, hardship, leadership, ownership, scholarship

表做某事的人 (n)

例：painter,be sgsistant

加在名等后构成形 (过分形式) (adj)

例：aged, sleilled, talented, broken, golden-haired

由...做成的 (v)

例：wooden, woolen, waxen, oaken

表倍数 (n)

例：twofold, fivefold

充满....的.富有....的 (adj )

例：cheerful,doubtful,harmful,skilful,hopeful,fruitful

如...的.似...的.有...性质的 (adj )

例：boyish,girlish,selfish,blmish,blackish,greenish

无...的.不...的 (adj )

例：fearless, harmless, hopeless, helpless, endless, aimless, needless

如.. ..的.似...的 (adj )

例：dreamlike,warlike,fatherlike,starlike

如...的.有...性质的；加在形后构成副 (adj. adv )

例：manly, homely, lovely, friendly, kingly, widely, badly

如...的.似.....性.性质的(adj()adj )

例：tiresome, troublesome, burelensome

向...的.朝...的 (adv )

例：eastward, outward, unward, backward, forward, westward

例：windy, shady, muddy, icy, healthy, wealthy

(及物动词后缀)(使)成为，(使)变得更 (v )

例：harden, shorten, deepen, sharpen, strengthen, frighten, widen

行为，情况，总称 (n )

-ion

-tude

-ty

-ure

-y

-ette,-let

-al

-ary

-able,-ible

-ic

-ive

-ate

-fy

-ize,-ise

行为.结果.状态 (n )

例：creation,pollution,expansion,foundation,invitation,interpretation

表情况.性质 (n )

例：gratitude,longitude,multitude,solitude

状态.性质

例：beauty,loyalty,safety,certainty(n)

行为(结果) .状态

例：failure,mixture,closure,moisture

情况，能力 (n )

例：recovery, modesty, misery, mastery

小 (n )

例：cassette,cigarette,tablet,booklet

属于...的 (a )

例：personal, musical, global, govemmental

与...相关的，属于...的 (a )

例：secondary, elementary, planetary

能...的，可...的 (adj )

例：desirable, agreeable, lovable, comfortable, possible, responsible

属于...的

例：civic, academic, graphic

有...倾向的

例：active, massive, constructive

做，造，成，使成分

例：fascinate,decorate,evaporate

使成为

例：identify,purify,simplify,electrify,qualify

(使 )成为(及物v后缀)

例：realize,mechanize,criticise

例：marriage, usage, percentage, advantage

-ance, ancy,ence,ency行为，行为结果，状态，性质

例：abundance, guidance, excellence, frequency -ice

-ment (n ) (n ) (n )

构成抽象名词表行为.状态.性质

例：practice, cowardice, service

行为，行为的结果.手段.状态

例：payment, agreement, employment, improvement, equipment excitement,judgement

(adj ) (adj)

(v ) (v)

(v )

(n )