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一、代词

代词中主要讲解六个问题

(一) 掌握代词的几种格

主格、宾格、所有格

名词前面用代词来修饰，只能用所有格（my books）

(二) 反身代词

当主语和宾语表示同一事物时，宾语使用反身代词。

He killed himself. （他自杀了）

He killed him. （他杀了他）

例：Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating

A B

a series of indicators that could help

themselves to predict earthquakes.

分觯篋错，应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看，help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错，情态动词could 比can语气弱，表示较小的可能性。

Indicator为征兆，这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆，后面指研究者，不是同一个事物

(三) 代词的单复数，代词的性别

在考试中如果代词打横线，代词错误的概率是非常高的，因此代词打横线，应该先看代词有没有错。

例：The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the

A B C D

Pacific.

分析：D错，应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数，显然是错误的，根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错，它指江湖河海中的大片水域，可用复数形式。

Water作为水是不可数名词，waters表示水域，通常使用复数形式，作主语谓语动词用复数。

Work作为工作是不可数名词，work作为作品，可数不可数都可以，例如：Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品

例：In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined

the word “normalcy”to express social and

economic conditions they promised the nation.

C D

分析：D错，应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的，故用第三人称单数he来指代。

例：Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important

work is not poetry, but his biography, John

B C

Keats, published the year of her death.

分析：C错，应改为her。his指男性，显然是错误的，应改为her与后面的her 同指Amy Lowell.

(四) Who和which的区别

which指代事物或者动物，who指代人

who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物

例：The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who

A B

account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.

C D

分析：B错，应改为which或that。先行词不是指人，而是指物，关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。

人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例，解释说明

(五) that和which的区别

介词后面使用which, 而不用that,in that除外

例：When television was first introduced, the extent to that it

A B

would affect society could not have been foreseen.

C D

分析：B错，应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句)，影响社会的程度没有被预见

(六) 定语从句的特殊省略

Reason后面有定语从句，中间往往省略why,

Time后面有定语从句，中间往往省略when

I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.

way后面有定语从句，中间省略了in which

例：Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly

A B

reason people take medicine is to relieve pain.

C D

分析：B错，应改为main。mainly为副词，不能修饰后面的名词，故改为形容

词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason，定语从句引导词被省略例：Commercial expansion from city to suburb has

affected the way people in the United States----.

(A) living and working

(B) they live and work

(D) to live and to work

分析：选择C, the way people....影响了人们生活和工作的方式。

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模拟练习三 A multicultural person is someone who is deeply concerned that all culture are equally good,1. enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, or most likely has been exposed to more than one2. culture in his or her lifetime. You cannot motivate anyone, especially someone of the other culture,3. until that person has accepted you. A multilingual person can explain the advantages of a product with4. other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate foreigners to buy it. That ’ s a critic difference.5. No one likes foreigners who are arrogant about their own culture. Customers are turned off by monocultural salespeople. The trouble is, most people are arrogant6. monocultural without being aware of it. And even those who are aware of it cannot hide. Foreigners sense7. monocultural arrogance at once and set up their culture8. barriers, effectively block any attempt by the9. monocultural person to motivate them. Multiculturalism is a requirement that has neglected too often10. in hiring managements for international positions. And this neglect is affecting every industry. 【答案及解析】 1.【答案】 culture 改为 cultures 【解析】本题考查词汇及语法。 “文化 ”这一词很容易被当作抽象名词，从而使考生觉得应该把 “are改”为“is。”其实本句中“culture为”可数名词，指的是不同国家的文化，这一点从首行 “ culture变为”复数形式。 “ multicultural 也可推”断出来。故本题需要改正的不是动词而应把 2.【答案】 or 改为 and “or而”应使用表【解析】本句考查语义逻辑。连词的前后部分并非二选一的关系，故不能用示并列及顺承的“and”此外，。“most likely 也可”作为得出答案的提示。 3.【答案】the other 改为another 【解析】本题考查词汇用法及固定搭配。容易误用的词或词组是常考的考点，如“another ”, “ theother ”“, others。如”果提到两方，应使用“ one theother ”来表示 “一个另一个”, 而本句并没有出现把文化分为两类的意思，因此不可使用“the other ”,应选择不特指的 “ another。” 4.【答案】 with 改为in 【解析】本题考查介词的使用。用某种语言表达应使用介词“in而”非“with 但”,由于“with 也” 有“用 ”的意思，此类情况下容易混淆。可回忆一个简单的句子，如“Howdo you say this in English? 然”后类推出答案。 5.【答案】 critic 改为 critical 【解析】本题考查词汇用法。修饰名词“difference的”应为形容词“critical。” 6.【答案】arrogant 改为arrogantly 【解析】本题同样考查词汇用法。须注意，“arrogant并”非在be 动词之后作表语，“傲慢 ”之 CET4知识点

高一英语短文改错题及答案

短文改错增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 1 A shopkeeper once found that a bag money had been stolen from his shop．He went to the judge（法官）and tell him about his loss（损失）The judge ordered all people of the shop to come before him．He took a number of the sticks of equal length（长度）or gave one stick to each person．Then he said，“Come after me again tomorrow．I’ll then know which of you are the thief because the stick given to a thief will be one inch longer than the other．” 2 Miss Evans taught physics in school in London．Last month she was explaining to one of her class about sound ，and she decide to test them to see how successful she had been in her work．She said to them，“Now I ha s a sister in Washington．If I was calling her by the phone，and you were on the other side of the street．Who would hear me first，my sister and you And why” A clever boy at once answered，“You sister，Miss Evans，because the electricity travels much faster than sound waves．” “Very well，” Miss Evans praised． 3 It is interested to visit another country，but sometimes there are some questions when we don’t know the language very well．It may be difficult to talk about the people there．We may not know how to use the telephone in the country which are visiting．We may not know what to buy the things we need．In a strange country we may not know where to eat and what to order in a restaurant．It is not easy to decide how many money to tip（付小费）waiters or taxi drivers．When we are helpless，we may not know how to ask help．After a short time later，however，we learn what to do and what to say．We learn to enjoy life in another country，and then we may be sorry to leave both the place and the people． ' 4