中考英语代词专项复习

专项练习：代词

代词是代替名词的词，代词种类多，用途广，试题中出现频率很高，中考中涉及各个题型，约占

中考试题的10%左右，出现较多的是不定代.词的用法及代词作主语时和谓语动词一致的用法，人称代词主格与宾格用法区别，形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的用法区别。代词在句子中可作主语、

宾语、表语或定语。

1，人称代词

（1）人称代词的分类

人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式。

人称单数复数

主格宾格主格宾格

第一人称I me we us

第二人称you you you you

第三人称he him

they them she her

it it

(2)人称代词的用法：①主格人称代词在句中作主语。

She is as intelligent as he (is). 她像他一样聪明。

We all like English very much.我们都很喜欢英语。I like music.我我喜欢音乐。

②宾格人称代词在句中作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。

We often go to see her on Saturdays. 我们常在星期六去看她。

③人称代词作表语时一般用宾格，但在比较正式的场合用主格。

-Who is it?谁呀? -It's me.:是我。(非正式) -!t is I.是我。(正式)

* 提示：如果有几个不同的人称代词同时作主语，且用and，or连接时，习惯顺序是单数:(2，3，1)第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。即: you，he(she) and I。复数:(1，2，3)第一人称、第二人称、第

三人称。I即: we，you and they。

-如果做错了事，需要承担责任时，通常把第一人称放在最前面。

- Who broke the window?谁打破了窗子? 一I and Tom.我和汤姆。

例题：① Miss Lin teaches _______English this term.

-You are lucky .______is a very good teacher.

A.our She

https://www.360docs.net/doc/a27296368.html,; He

https://www.360docs.net/doc/a27296368.html,,She

D. ours; He

② I'm going skating. Would you like to go with _____?

A.me

B.. I

C. my

D. mine

3. ___ all enjoy the music. A. You, she and I B. She, you and I C. I, you and she

2，物主代词

物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。

（1）形容词性的:物主代词具有形容词的的特征，在句中作定语，后面接名词。

Our school is not far from here. 我们的学校肉这儿不远。My father and mother are teachers. （2)名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，在句中可以作主语，表语或宾语。

This is not my pen. Mine is red. 这不是我的钢笔。我的是红色的。

I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours. 我的词典丢了。请把你的借我用一下。

友情提示："of+名词性物主代词"属双重所有格的一种形式，应特别注意它的用法。

a friend of mine我的一个朋友/ a neighbour of theirs他们的一个邻居/a pen of hers她的一支钢笔

①Is there any difference between your idea and___ ?

A. he

B. his

C. she

D. her

②-Do you know Alice? 一Yes. I know____very well.

A. she

B. her

C. herself

D. hers

3.反身代词

反身代词是表示动作回到执行者本身或是强调代词或名词的一种代词。列表如下:

人称数单数复数

第一人称Myself Ourselves

第二人称Yourself Yourselves

第三人称Himself Herself

itself themselves

第一、二人称的反身代词由形容词性物主代词加-self构成或selves构成，第三人称的反身代词由人称

代词宾格)加-self或-selves构成。

反身代词的用法:（1)作及物动词或介词的宾语

Did they enjoy themselves last Sunday? 他们上个星期天玩得高兴吗？

We should take care of ourselves我们应该照顾自已

(2)作主语或宾语的同位语

在作同位语时反身代词多可译为"本人"(或"本身“但有时为了加强语气，常译为"自已"!或"亲自"。超强

调作用时，反身代词可以放在被强调词之后，也可以放在句末。

Nobody taught him drawing. He learned it by himself. 没有人教他绘画。他是自学的。

You'd better ask the teacher yourself (himself). 你最好亲自问老师。(你最好问老师本人.)

反身代词固定结构: teach oneself 自学say to oneself自言自说

learn… ... by oneself自学enjoy oneself:过得愉快help oneself to. ..随便吃些…．吧

例题：1. ——Help _____to some fish，my boy. ——Thanks.

A. you

B. yours

C. yourself

2. He often helped others; he never thought of _______.

A. myself

B. him

C. himself

D. me

3. Your son is old enough to look after _______. You needn’t worry about _______.

A. him, him

B. himself, himself

C. himself,him

D. him, himself

4.指示代词：英语中常见的指示代词有this，that，these，those，such，same等。

(1)this(复数形式是these)，是指时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物。that(复数形式是those)，是指在

时间或空间上离说前人较远的人或物。

(2 that/those有时用来代替前面说过的名词，以避免重复。

友情提示

类型词义我的你的他的/她的/它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性物主代词my your His/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词mine yours His/hers/its ours yours theirs

(1)在电话用语中，that相当于"你"，用于询问对方的身份; this相当于"我"，常用于自我介绍。

一Is that Mary speaking?你是玛丽吗? -Yes. Who's that?是的。你是谁呀? -This is Ann.我是安。

思维拓展

(1)指示代词such表示"如此的，如此的事物"，具有名词和形容词的性质，在句子中可用作主语，表语、宾语等。

Such is our study plan.这就是我们的学习计划。I don't like such a book.我不喜欢这样的书。

注意:such作定语时，它所修饰的名词之前如有不定冠词，则这个不定冠词应放在such之后。如: such

a man，such a play.

(2)same(同样的)也是指示代词，使用时same之前必须用定冠词the.它也具有名词和形容词的性质，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

The same happened to me. 我也发生了同样的情况。

例题：①(2009.山西中考)-Look! What's_______ in the sky? 一It looks like a kite.

A.this

B. that

C. those

②The pears in my basket are smaller than_______in Jim’s.

A. it

B. that

C. ones

D. those

5.不定代词

不定代词主要有all，each，every，both，either，neither，none; little，few，many，much，other，another，some.还有由some，any，no和every构成的合成代词。?

(l) some与any

some 与any是表示不定数量的代词，意为“一些” some多用于肯定句，any多用于-疑问句、否定句或

条件从句中。但有些疑问句表请求，建议等，这时多用some而不用any. any 还可用来修饰可数名词

的单数，表示“任何一个”或“随便哪一个”。

There are some eggs in the basket. / Do you have any brothers or sisters? 你有兄弟姐妹吗?

If you find any new words in it，mark them out.如果发现里面有生词就把它们标出来。

Would you like some tea?您想要点茶吗?

(2)both，eilher neither

both ，either，neither 三个词都只限于两者之间。Both表示“两者都….”，

是对两者的肯定；neither表示“两者都不…”是对两者的否定。Both和neither是一对反义词，在进行肯定与否定的句型转换变化时，

只要改变这两个词就行了。Either表示“两者之一”.neither 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。当构成“either/neither of + 名词或代词的复数+ 动词”时，动词需用第三人称单数

当构成“either…or…”和“neither…nor…”连接两个事物时，后面动词应当遵循就近原则，和后面一个

事物在人称与数上一致。不同点：either表示两者之间的一个；neither表示两者都不

Both of them are workers. / Neither of the answers is correct.

1. They are twins. _______ of them like English. A. Each B. Both C. All D. Neither

2. -- Shall we meet on Saturday or Sunday? --- _______ day is OK.

A. Any

B. Either

C. Each

D. Every

3. ____of them are famous doctors, but ___ of them has been to Britain.

A. Both…both

B. Neither…neither

C. Either…either

D. Both…neither

(3) little，few， a little, a few, many，much

Little ，few没多少,很少（否定）/ Much,many 很多，许多/A little,a few 有上些，有几个（肯定）这三组分别前者修饰不可数名词，后者修饰可数名词。

There are a few students in the classroom. / I know little about it. / Few (of us ) have ever been to Tibet. （4）none，no，all

None 与all是反义词，“没有人，没有什么东西”，None作主语时谓语单复都可

No 表示“没有”　相当于not any , not a/an.

all表"全体;所有"，可以指代和修饰可数或不数名词。.

None of us have (has) seen the film. 我们当中没有人看过这部电影。

There are no dictionaries on the bookshelves. All of the work is done.所有的工作都做了。

All of us like her找们都喜欢她。

5)each与every

Each既可作代词，又可作形容词，着重于个别情况;

every只作形容词，着重于全体情况，表示其中没有一个例外。

它们作主语时，谓语用单数形式。

Each (student) has a book. 每个人(每个)学生都有一本书。

Every student has a book. 每个学生(全体学生)都有一本书。

(6) one，other，others，another

One用来代替前面提到的一个东西或人，以避免重复，可以有复数ones，也可以泛指一个人。

other用作代词，前加the，表两者中的另一个，one…．the other...一个..另一个…(只限两者)。others 是other的复数，表另一些，如some... others. ..一些…另一些…，特指时要加the.

another表与某一个不同的另一个(又一个)，用来代替或修饰可数的单数名词，前面不再加冠词。

-Do you have a watch? - No，1 don't have one.

I have two brothers，one is a teacher，the other is a doctor.

There are many students in the classroom. Some are cleaning the windows，others are sweeping the floor.

I don't like this green pen. Please give me another.

(7)anyone与any one都表示"任何人".

anyone作代词，只能指人，意思是"任何人，有人，等于anybody，不能与of短语连用。

Any one是一个词组，既可以指人，也指物，意思是"任何一个人或任何一个物"，强调只限一个，可以和of短语连用，表示多数当中的任何一个。

Is there anyone at home? / John is more diligent than anyone else in his class.

You may choose any one of these. 你可以从这些当中选择任何一个。

You can tell any one of us. 你可以告诉我们中的任何一个人。

(8) everyone与every one

Everyone用作不定代词意思是"每个人、人人"，表示整体意义，且只用来指人，等于everybody，不能和of短语连用，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

Everyone is here.大家都在这儿。

Everyone likes to be free.人人都喜欢自由。

Every one单独使用时指人，意思是"每个人、人人"，等于everyone，和of短语连用时既可指人也可

指物，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。Every one put on his hat.

Our teacher has checked every one of the computers before class .

everyone后不能与of构成短语，但everyone后可以接"1n十集体名词"短语。作主语时谓语动词依

然用单.数形式。如：Everyone in our class likes playing football.

思维拓展

(1) neither还可作副词，表示"也不"之意，放在句首时表前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或另一事，

句子结构为"Neither+ be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语"。

I am not a teacher，neither is he. / My father can't swim，neither can1.

(2)不定代词all，both，every等与not连用构成部分否定;若要表示完全否定，则要换用none，neither，no one等。试比较:

All of the students bave read it. 所有学生都读过它。

Not all of the students bave read it. 并不是所有的学生都读过它。

(3)复合不定代词的含义及用法:

由some，every，no，any分别与one，thing和body组合得到以下不定代词

Someone,something ,omebody ; Anyone,anything,anybody;

everyone ~ everything everybody ; no one ,~ nothing, nobody'

①一般说来，由some构成的不定代词往往用于肯定句中;而由any构成的不定代词往往用于否定或疑

问句

I heard someone singing when 1 was at work last night.

It seems that they have lost something in the train / Is there anyone at home?

注意:由some构成的不定代饲有时也可用于疑问句中，用来表明特殊用意。

Would you like something to drink? 你想要一些喝的东西吗?(委婉的询问语气)

Why not ask someone else to help you? 为什么不让别人来帮助你呢?(建议不确定的某人)

②由every构成的不定代词大多具有"复数"的含义，但并不能将其用作复数。因为此类词更强调个体，

使用时任以单数对待。Everything is ready and we may start.

③由no构成的不定代词表示的是一种否定含义，作主语时谓语动词多用单数形式。

There is nothing wrong with your computer. / Nobody knows him in this city.

指点迷津：

(])当主句中的主话是指人的复合不定代词everybody，nobody，anyone ，其反意疑问句的主语通常用they,当主句中的主语是指物的组合不定代词everything，anything，something，nothing等时，其反意疑问句的主语常用代词it.

Everybody is here，aren't they?

Everything is ready，isn't it?

(2)、形容词修饰复合不定代词everything，something，everyone等时，.形容词必须放在复合不定代

词后面。例如：Xiaoming，I have something important to tell you.

We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else?

即景活用

①I know—— about the news. 。You can ask Peter. He can tell you the nws.

A. everything

B. nothing

C. anything

②-Where would you like to go，Jinan or Qufu?

一______. I only want to go to Qingdao.

A. Neither

B. Either

C. Each

D. All

③In my class some students love music，____arc fond of drawing and enjoy reading.

A. some; the other

B. others; the other

C. others;the others

D. some;others

④-When shall we go to the museum，this afternoon Or tomorrow morning? 一______is OK.I'm free these days.

A. Both

B. All

C. Either

D. Neither

⑤---Are you___b_____ from America? --- No，none of us.

A. both

B. all

C. any

D. either

⑥Make sure you've gott the tickets and guidebooks and ______before you leave.

A. something

B. anything

C. everything

D. nothing

⑦~How can 1 make friends in a new school?

一Say hello to_____ to you today，and you can have a friend tomorrow

A. new someone

B.someone new

C. new anyone

6.疑问代词

疑问代词主有who，whom. whose，which，what，它们用来构成特殊疑问句，位于句首。

(1) who'，whom都表示“谁”做主语时用who，作宾语时用whom，. Who在:特殊疑问句中可以代价'whom, 当疑问词作介词宾语，且介词又放于句首时，只能用whom。. whose.通常不能单独使用，常在前名词前作定语。

Whose shoes are these? / Who is standing there? /Who (Whom) arc you waiting for?

With whom did you talljust now?

(2)which，what在:特殊疑问句中作定语时，后面必须紧跟一个名词。

Which class are you in? / What map is this?

思维拓展

(I )who，what，which作表语指人时的区别：who问人的身份，多指姓名，关系；what问人的职业；which问一定范围内的人群中特指的人。

(2) what和which作定语时的区别：:what 指“什么”“哪种”，不限制范围; which指在相当数量人中进行选挠，限制在一定范围内。

(3)疑问代词作主语时，后面的谓语动词单复数都可以。主要看代表的人或物是单数还是复数。

即景活用：①Can you tell me_______ you are going to do next week?

A. if

B. what

C. how

D. where

②-Do you know ______the man with sunglasses is?

-I’m not sure.

Maybe a reporter.

A. who B what C. where D. how

疑点难点突破: 1、one和it都可以用来代替前面提到的名词，其区别如下:

1)one指不特定的事物，it指特定的事物。

Jim lost his pen，but he has bought a new one. (one在这里指另外的一只，而不是丢失的那支)

I'm looking for my pen，but I can't find it. (it. 是丢失的那支钢笔)

2),one或; ones 可与the，this/these. that/those. Which等词连用，而it不可以。

Do you know that man? - Which one? -The one under the tree.

These boxes are heavier than those ones.

3)one可与形容词连用，而it不可以。

That's an empty bag，but this is a full on。

4)one只能代替可数名词，而it 可代'"可数名词和不可数名词。

Tom's uncle bought a new bike and gave it to Tom.

We need water and we can’ｔlive without it.

2,any和either都可表示"任何，其中之一"'any用于三者或三者以上其中之一，也可指不可数事物; either 指两者之间其中之-。

There are many apples here，you can take any of them.

代词专项训练一、用所给代词的适当形式填空

1.. Please show_______(I) the way to the hospital.

2. Grandma often tells _________(we) stories.

3. This is __________(you) room. _______(she) is next one.

4.Help _________(you) to some fish，children.

5.Where is Lucy? Lily is looking for _________(she).

6.My uncle is ill.I'm going to see ________(he) in the hospital.

7.Edison built a science lab __________(he). 8.Yesterday I met a friend of___________(I) in the street.

9.The girl is only seven，but she can do some housework by____________ (she).

10. They enjoyed _____________(they) in the park.

II. 单项填空

1.Would you like ___________to drink? A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something

2.We went to travel with some friends of ________ A. us B. ours C. our D. ourselves

3.The population of China is much larger than ___________of Russia.

A. this

B. those

C. it

D. that

4.We've got two TV sets，but _________works well. A. any B. both C. either D. neither

5.Two foreigners are in the sitting room. One is Jack and ________is Peter.

A. other C. one

B. another D. the other

6. Kate is nice. I like to work with _________ A. she B. her C. hers D. him

7.一Is David ________classmate or _________? 一He is my classmate.

A.our;their

B. your;theirs

C. her;they

D. his;them

8.Is there__________ in today's newspaper?

A.something interesting

B.interesting something

C.anything interesting

D.interesting anything

9.- ______came to see you yesterday afternoon. -Who was_____ ?

A. Somebody; he

B. Somebody; she

C. Somebody; it

D. Anybody; the one

10.______ of us went to the Summer Palace except Lin Tao yesterday:

A. Some

B. Either

C. All

D. Every

11. My father is busy with his work. He has ____time to do the housework.

A little B. few C. a little D. a few

12.一I don't think it very expensive to buy a family computer here. - Really? I'll buy ______next week.

A. it

B. this

C. one

D. mine

13.He found _______ very interesting to ride a horse. A. this B. that C. it D. which

14. – Do you want an apple or a pear? . -_______ I really don't mind.

A. Both

B. None

C. Either

D. Neither

15.-________bikes are over there? -They are ours. A. Whose C. Whom B. Who's D. Where

16.Miss Lin teaches _______English this term. -You are lucky .______is a very good teacher.

A.our ；She

https://www.360docs.net/doc/a27296368.html,; He

https://www.360docs.net/doc/a27296368.html,,She

D. ours; He

17.I'm going skating. Would you like to go with _____? A.me B.. I C. my D. mine

18. Is there any difference between your idea and___ ? A. he B. his C. she D. her

19.-Do you know Alice? 一Yes. I know____very well. A. she B. her C. hersel f D. hers 20. -Help _____to some fish，my boy. –Thanks . A. you B. yours C. yourself

21. -Look! What's_______ in the sky? 一It looks like a kite. A.this B. that C. those

22.The pears in my basket are smaller than_______in Jim’s. A. it B. that C. ones D. those

23. -Where would you like to go，Jinan or Qufu? 一______. I only want to go to Qingdao.

A. Neither

B. Either C . Each D. All

Ⅲ.用所给的代词完成下到句子(每词只能用一次)

other，any，either，some，both，much，all，neither，another，many

1. Jack and his two sisters are_________f rom Australia.

2.Mary and Peter are ________Americans.

3.The two boys were very sad because _______of them had passed the maths exam.

4.There isn't _______water in my glass. Would you gIve me ________?

5.The jacket is too small for me. Would you show me____________ one?

6.What__________ things can you see in the picture?

7.There arc so __________books to read and so ____________work to do.

8. You can go this morning or this afternoon. _________ is OK

IV.根据汉语意思完成旬子

2.那边的书不是我的，是她的。The books over there are not ____________.. They are ____________.

3.我不喜欢这样的书。I don't like ________ ________book.

4.找们的想法完全一样。Our ideas are exactly _________ ____________

5.他们互:相看着They looked at _______ _________

6,.这是谁的房间? __________ ________is this?

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