托福独立写作绝对化题型解析
托福独立写作绝对化题型解析
绝对化题目
1.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Visiting museums is the best way to learn about a country.
2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
The most important thing the government should do to improve health care is to clean the environment.
3.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
People can solve important problems in their daily life
on their own or with the help from families; the help from
the government is not necessary.
通过读题，我们能够发现，这几道题目都包含绝对词，如the best, the most，或者虽然没有明显的绝对词但含有绝对意味。
此类题目改如何应对呢?在立场选择上，托福官方没有限定，同意、反对皆可，只要言之有理即可。绝对化的题目若选择同意的立场，就要充分论证题干的合理性，而且要通过对比来论证其绝对性。如果
能充分展开，考生当然能够选择支持的立场。但在有限的作答时间内，作者更建议考生选择相对容易展开论证的立场。世界上绝对的事情就是：没有绝对。为了辩驳绝对性，通过罗列即可，即辩驳不是的，罗
列出其它同等或者更好的即可。所以，此类题目若选择反对的立场，
旨在：承认合理性，辩驳绝对性，那么成文结构如下：
开头段(Thesis表明反对绝对性)
主体段1 让步段(承认合理，稍加解释，转折引入下文)
主体段2 支持段1(其它1)
主体段3支持段2(其它2)
结尾段(呼应Thesis & sub-points)
现在，蔡蔡带大家用这种主体段结构解答以上三道题目，并给出可参照的简要思路。
1.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Visiting museums is the best way to learn about a country.
立场：反对
主体段1：(让步)参观博物馆的确是一个方法，因为能够通过博物馆的展品简要快速地了解一个国家的历史或现在。不过，若将其视作是的方法就太过绝对，有失偏颇，因为还有其他更好的方法。
主体段2：(其它1)旅行能够让人更好地了解一个国家的风貌。通过与当地人交谈，亲自踏访国家的景点或无名小地，都能有更直观全面真实的认知。相反，博物馆是间接地表现国家，不及旅行真实客观。
主体段3：(其它2)人们能够通过上网来走进一个国家。网络覆盖广泛，不论是政治经济还是历史文化，都可获知。上网较为快捷，只需点击鼠标便可足不出户地知悉一个国家。相比之下，参观博物馆所了解的内容较为局限，也更加耗时间。
2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
The most important thing the government should do to improve health care is to clean the environment.
立场：反对
主体段1：(让步)清理环境对于提升公众健康的确很必要，因为环境与健康息息相关，当前的环境情况已经不容乐观，比如空气污染导致的严重雾霾使得很多人罹患呼吸道疾病。这种情况下，要是清理改善了环境，人们健康会有所提升。但是，若将其视为最重要的事情太过绝对和片面，因为还有其它同等值得注重的事情。
主体段2：(其它1)政府需要投资改善医疗情况，如提升医疗技术，给公众提供更好的医疗服务，实行适当的补贴或优惠政策，让广大公民都有病能医，有病可医。
主体段3：(其它2)政府能够修建或优化公共运动的基础设施建设，这样民众才有地方运动，保持良好的身心健康状态。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
People can solve important problems in their daily life on their own or with the help from families; the help from the government is not necessary.
立场：反对
主体段1：(让步)的确，一些琐碎的日常问题能够由自己及家人的协助解决，但解决有些问题时，只有政府才有充足的财力、物力、权力、执行力去解决，所以政府的作用不可或缺。
主体段2：(其它1)比如环境问题需要政府投资研究清洁能源，或者出台政策限制污染排放。不过，只凭一己之力个人是无法解决环境问题的。
主体段3：(其它2)再如教育问题需要政府投资建学校、优化设备、提升师资或推行义务教育，而这些也并非个人能实现的。
2014.11.9托福独立写作范文+解析
2014.11.9托福独立写作范文+解析 2014-11-10谢侃Kevin英语课堂 文/谢侃（公众号：kevinenglishclass） 【题】Which factor influences you the most when it comes to a major purchase: 1) recommendations from your friends or colleagues;2) information from media; 3) salesman in the market 题型分类：对比题 论证角度：原因挖掘 观点选择：让步 开头：朋友同事的推荐影响最大。（话题引入+他人观点+明确立场+过渡）When people plan to buy something that costs a great deal of money, they will think twice before making the final decision. Factors that will affect the decision might be recommendations from friends and colleagues, information on media
and words of salesman in the market. Among all those factors, I believe that what friends and colleagues say play the most important role in helping us with the decision-making. I am going to elaborate my point of view in the following paragraphs. (75 words) 中间段1：同事朋友比较靠谱。（主题句+说理论证+细节例子） My first reason is that friends or colleagues’ words are reliable. When offering recommendations for us to make a purchase, friends and colleagues are highly unlikely to lie to us about the quality of the goods while TV commercials and salesmen will try to convince customers to make the deal by any possible means out of commercial purposes. Imagine that I want to buy a car, a salesperson probably recommend me an expensive car that is beyond my purchasing power. Conversely, if I have a friend who is a car-lover, he will guide me to buy a car with a high quality-price ratio. (103 words) 中间段2：朋友的建议能给我们完整的信息。（主题句+说理论证+细节例子）In addition, friends or colleagues’ recommendations provide us with complete information about the product, which is beneficial for making a wise decision. When friends or colleagues can recommend us something, they must have bought or tried this product so that they have a deeper understanding of the features of the product including its quality, price and value. In this sense, their advice is very helpful for our decision. For example, I am very satisfied with the computer that I have bought recently. Expect for its reasonable price, the performance far exceeds my expectation. It is attributed to the recommendation from my friend--Jack, who has already bought one before. (109 words) 让步段：当然，朋友和同事的推荐也不一定全部正确，因为其中或许有他们的个人偏好，并不适合我们，但是比起销售人员或电视广告的商业性而言，朋友同事的推荐还是值得参考的，但是最后还得自己做决定，也不能盲从。（承认漏洞+堵漏） Admittedly, I am not saying that recommendations from friends and colleagues are absolutely correct. They may involve their personal preferences when buying the goods, and therefore what they recommend to us may not be totally appropriate for our own situations. However, as long as we can fully realize our
新托福独立写作21类题目
新托福独立写作21类题目 1.体育类： 2008.11.14—Children should only play sports for fun rather than play sports in competitions or contests. (Education) 孩子们应该为了乐趣而去参加体育活动而不是为了竞争或者比赛。 体育在现代生活的重要性有： 1.体育可以在身体得到锻炼，使身体素质得到提高； 2.体育活动让朋友和家人聚集一起参加锻炼，有社会意义，是一种积极的休闲和团体活动； 3.体育可以调节生活，让人们获得心理上的健康和快乐，更好的缓解压力； 4.体育可以提高人的意志和韧性； 5.体育是一个大的产业，给国家带来收入； 6.体育体现了人类社会的精神，可以促进世界和平。 体育运动的优点： 1.增加体质(increase physical strength)，有益于身心健康； 2.加快脂肪燃烧(accelerate fat burning)，有助于减肥(lose weight)； 3.有助于保持体形(stay in shape)，提高自我的形象(improve self image)； 4.有助于缓解压力(relieve stress)，调节心情(improve mood)，减少失落的情绪(reduce the chance of depression)； 5.有助于保持旺盛的精力(keep energetic)，从而提高工作效率(increase productivity)。 孩子参加体育项目是为了获得快乐：因为体育活动可以让他们得到精神上的放松，可以是他们和朋友交流的一种方式； 而获得乐趣并不是体育活动的唯一目的，参加比赛也是一种目的，因为比赛获胜可以让他们获得一种成就感，输了可以学会逆境成长的精神。 2008.12.5—Sports teaches us lessons about life. 运动教会我们一些生活道理 运动教会我们要养成健康的生活方式和积极的人生态度； 体育比赛告诉我们竞争是生活的一部分，但友谊同样重要； 团队运动教给人们要合作，在生活中和工作中也要学会合作，这样做事情才会能有效率，比如，在足球篮球比赛中，你不能时时都争着进球，要注意合作才能获得更高的分数，一个全都是优秀球员的球队并不一定能给打败一个球员很平庸但是合作的很好的球队，在生活上也是如此，我们不必事事争第一，和别人合作往往能达到共赢的目的。 棋类运动教给我们许多生活道理，比如我们下棋的时候必须瞻前顾后，考虑很多步，生活上也是，凡事三思而后行 2.专业知识类： 2006.11.19—It is more important to choose a subject of your interest than to choose subjects which prepare you for a job or a career.(Education) 选自己感兴趣的学科比选有前途的学科更重要（支持该观点） 中间段写作思路： （一）Reason 1: 因果链接：资源有限—竞争激烈—压力大—就业压力—就业竞争中脱颖而出—有前途的专业（举例） 首先：学习对于未来的职业有用的学科之后才能更容易找到工作。当代社会每个人都渴望取得成功，但是资源是有限的，所以竞争激烈，每个人承受的压力都很大，其中大学生面临的最现实的问题就是就业问题。
托福独立写作机经范文5篇
As the economy and technology develop at an incredible speed in today’s society, there are an increasing number of people believing that the most important problems affecting our society today could be solved within our lifetime. In my view, however, this is out of the question and the three most significant problems affecting the society, namely war, environmental destruction and disease, will still influence us and may not be entirely resolved forever. War is a problem afflicting humans since they took into being in the first place. Wars take place when different countries have conflicting benefits, which is unlikely to be eliminated as long as the boundaries between countries still exist. For instance, in the Middle East where water is extremely scarce, many countries are in conflict in contention for water resources. Since every country acts for the sake of its own benefit, it seems that people in the region are incapable of living together in harmony. Eternal world peace, therefore, is unlikely to be achieved in our lifetime. Environmental destruction emerged not long before but it is becoming increasingly severe and can not be ignored. With the large-scale utilization of fossil fuels and rapid development of industry, huge amounts of pollutants are being produced, contaminating the environment to a large degree. The disposal of these pollutants being a tough task, it is hardly possible that we can completely get rid of them within a short period of time. Furthermore, even if we can come up with optimal methods for dealing with these substances, there remains the problem that these methods may cost too much and obstruct the development of economy. Last but not least, the well-being of people around the world is threatened by a variety of diseases, ranging from AIDS to cancer, the cures for which have not been discovered yet. Diseases set off panics among humans, affect their normal life and leave people badly off with the high medical expenses. There are thousands of scientists devoting themselves to finding cure for diseases, but new types of diseases keep emerging and there is no eliminating all of them. In summary, the problems with the most significance today are going to be passed on to our offspring. To eliminate these problems thoroughly, there is still a long way to go.
托福独立写作高分范文_4绝对词型
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托福 2015年独立写作真题数据 分析
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托福独立写作满分范文30篇
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１） Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others ’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone’s mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group ’s wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’ of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village. Asking others’ advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other. Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrasedfrom John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do. 托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏(2) Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly
托福独立写作的审题原则和布局(上)
托福独立写作的审题原则和布局（上） 新托福写作考试的第2部分为独立写作，要求考生在30分钟内完成一篇字数在300字左右的议论文。而朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家们根据对ETS最新的评分标准的解读，发现阅卷者评判考生的文章遵循的原则是：“Readers should focus on what the examinee does well”。这就意味着整个评分过程是考察考生表现出优点的过程，而并非对考生的文章吹毛求疵的过程。因此，即使是一篇满分的文章，也是允许考生有少量错误的。在本文中，笔者将就独立写作部分的审题原则以及如何进行观点筛选作一简单说明。 一、字数 对于独立写作的字数要求，官方的说法是：“An effective response is typically about 300 words long. If you write fewer than 300 words, you may still receive a top score, but experience has shown that shorter responses typically do not demonstrate the development of ideas needed to earn a score of 5.”。可见，若想得到高分，考生最好能将文章写到300字以上，虽然有些文章字数不足但仍可得到满分，但是毕竟这种情况比较罕见，要充分对于考题展开论述，从而有利地支持文章观点，充足的字数是必须的。 二、题目的解读 独立写作最近几年在中国大陆地区的考题基本上是以支持/反对型为主的，理论上来说考生同意或者反对题目的表述，然后展开进一步论证都是可以的，但是朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家们发现有些考题并非考生可以“随心所欲”的“自由发挥”，比如当题目中包括了一些“绝对”含义的词，如only, must, fully以及形容词或者副词最高级的时候，考生在答卷时就不能采用“完全同意”的立场。比如2008年9月28日考题： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The only effective way for government to encourage energy conservation is increasing the price of gasoline and electricity. 考生可以部分同意，即提高能源价格是一种有效措施之一，但同时还有其他办法；也可以完全反对，即不能光靠提高能源使用价格来节能，还要靠别的方法措施等。所以在审题时，我们还是建议考生要多花点时间把题目的意思读透，最好在心里把题目的中文含义反复地翻译给自己听几遍，从意思出发，再决定自己的立场，这样就可以避免由于审题的不全面而导致很大的失分。
托福独立写作范文_1让步型
托福独立写作高分范文 1 ●让步型 2012/2/25 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Two people can become gooe friends enen if one of them has more money than the other. Generally, I disagree with the statement that two people can be friends if one is richer than the other. In many TV, plays and movies, there is often the story of a poor boy and a rich girl eventually becoming friends. However, their fairytales only ever happen in fiction. In the reality, this never happens because rich and poor people have very different goals in life and very different lifestyles. To begin with, different goals in life between the rich and the poor are a vital barrier for them to become friends. Even from the beginning of their lives, they undertake different missions. Po or people’s goal in life is mostly to lead a decent life, and to be able to buy things such as a comfortable house and a functional car. However, rich people’s goal in life is to continue their parents’ business. For example, disadvantaged people are fight ing for survival in the cutting-throat competition of this society, such as paying the mortgage and the credit card, while rich people have to think about how to expand their family business in other countries. So they are not living in the same world and do not bear the same chance to know each other, let alone become friends. Second, the different ways of living prevent the friendship from taking shape between them. On this point, poor people will definitely repel rich people because they feel less confident. For example, when they finish their jobs, what can poor people afford to do every day is to simply go back home and be with their family members. Rich people, on the other hand, have many different choices in how to spend their free time. For instance, rich people can go to gulf club to enjoy the fresh air and indulge themselves in equestrian event or racecourse. Therefore, talking about the similar lifestyle which paves the road of friendship, these two groups of people are speaking different language. Admittedly, exceptions do exist in some special aspects. Basketball players serve as good examples. In NBA, about 50 percent of players were born in slums. However, when they finally earn tons of money, they still are contacting and helping their friends who were not rich at all. Allen Iverson is a NBA player, but he always holds the parties with his friends in slums and does what he can do to help his friend to get rid of poverty. All in all, in most cases, people with huge difference in their economic conditions cannot be friends for lack of lifestyle and life goals in common, despite few exceptions. (431) Collins 原版范文 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Convenience foods will become increasingly prevalent and eventually replace traditional methods of food preparation.
托福独立写作八大话题
托福独立写作八大话题 众所周知，托福独立写作是托福写作的一部分，涉及到的题材也非常多。下面是文都国际教育小编给大家整理的8个常见的写作话题，希望能给大家提供帮助。 教育类话题 教育类话题主要涉及到学生的一些基本情况，包括选课、就业、学校活动以及课下作业等很多方面。此外，学校的一些决策、设备变更、教师选择等也都有涉及。教育类话题在托福写作中的占比很高，在历年托福写作考试中大概占据25%左右的题目。 高分句型：现在，除了学习以外，还应鼓励学生们在其他很多方面培养兴趣，例如体育，绘画和音乐等。 —>Today, in addition to_____, a student is also encouraged to _____ 满分词汇：培养(某种素质) —> cultivate/foster/nurture(vts)心理健康—> psychological soundness/well-being/welfare(nouns) 社会类话题 社会类话题涉及的范围很广，主要是指一些社会话题、事件以及观点类问题。例如：Do you agree or disagree that society benefits more from works of greatartists than from political leaders.是否同意：艺术家比政治家对社会的贡献大。 高分句型：摩天大厦造的环境问题，很多人开始反思摩天大楼是否必要. —>With these problems and the effect _____ has exerted on _____,many people have begun to wonder _____. 满分词汇：生活节奏加速—> the tempo/pace of life has accelerated导致人与人的疏远—> create alienation between people 科技类话题 说到“科技”，我们可能会想到现在日益发展的手机、电脑以及各种各样新出现的科技产品等。这些科技产品使得我们的生活变得更加便利，高效。 高分句型：互联网对人们的生活方式产生了深远的影响，它变革了人们生活方式以及思考问题的方式。 —> _____ exerts such a profound effect on _____that _____. 满分词汇：尖端的技术—> cutting-edged(adj) technology信息爆炸—> information explosion/ information overload