英语专四语法与词汇模拟练习题2
2020届英语专四专八语法与词汇练习题
（后附详细答案）
i ncompatible“不兼容的，不相容的”；incredible“难以置信的，不可思议的”：indefinite“不确定的，含糊的”；indispensable“必须的，不可或缺的”。
It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the (31) __ pace of modem life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters (32) ___ the wheel. It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver's seat is (33) ___ matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the (34) ___ to the rule. Perhaps the situation (35) ___ a "Be Kind to Other Drivers" campaign,(36) __ it may get completely (37) ____
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good (38) ____ too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to (39) ____ the temptation to revenge when (40) ___ to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards (41) __ the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in (42)___ to an act of politeness helps to (43) __ an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modem traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too (44) __ today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
(45)___, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes (46) __ to allow a car to emerge (47) ___ aside street at some hazard to following traffic, (48)_ a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra (49) __ into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop (50) __
Years ago the experts warned us that the car- ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
31. A. hasty B. prompt C. urgent D. quick
32. A. on B. above C. behind D. by
33. A. the other B. all other C. another D. other
34. A. exclusion B. exception C. modification D. access
35. A. calls for B. calls out C. calls upon D. calls up
36. A. moreover B. while C. otherwise D. till
37. A. out of hand B. in han C. at hand D. off hand
38. A. doubt B. reason C. discipline D. sense
39. A. resist B. persist C. consist D. insist
40. A. subject B. being subjected C. subjected D. is subjected
41. A. dismissing B. relieving C. releasing D. removing
42. A. appeal B. approach C. reflection D. response
43. A. create B. produce C. proceed D. raise
44. A. common B. rare C. extraordinary D. unique
45. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Thus
46. A. politely B. carefully C. vigorously D. violently
47. A. at B. on C. to D. from
48. A. though B. when C. where D. which
49. A. crossing B. cross C. being crossed D. to cross
50. A. on time B. in time C. at a time D. at times
31．[D] 【解析】现代生活节奏较快，quick“快速，迅速”符合句意
32．[C] 【解析】浏览全文可知，文章说的是文明驾驶，behind the wheel“开车”．符合句意。
33. [C] 【解析】根据句意“开坦克凶猛是好事，但驾车时也这样就完全是……”，可知another符合句意。
34．[B] 【解析】空格所在句前半句提到“你可能会容忍那些乱开车的怪人、那些粗鲁而不体谅人的司机”．转折词but引出“如今懂礼貌的司机反倒是……”．B 符合句意。exception to the rule“例外”．强调懂礼貌的司机很少。
35．[A]【解析】根据句意“也许要……一场‘善待其他驾驶者’的运动了”，call for“需求，呼吁”符合句意。
36．[C]【解析】作者提倡一场“善待其他驾驶者”的运动，目的是为了避免事情朝不良的方向发展；再根据空格后的may completely，可知otherwise “否则．要不然”来引出另一种可能的结果。
37．[A]【解析】固定词组out of h and“无法控制”，符合句意，A正确。
38．[D]【解析】根据句意“礼貌驾车不仅是文明的举止，而且也是……”，good sense 意“明智”，D正确。
39．[A]【解析】空格在所句子进一步解释说明前面提到的good manner“文明的举止”，good sense“明智”。只有最冷静、最宽容的司机才能resist“忍住”报复的冲动，故选A。
40．[C]【解析】subject为及物动词，常用subject sb．To stll．意为“使某人遭受……”，常用于被动语态sb．be subjected to。由于从句的主语与主语的主语一致。此处省略了they are，故C正确。
41．[B] 【解析】根据句意“另一方面，一个小小的礼貌之举对……驾驶的紧张情绪大有裨益”，B正确。relieve the tension“缓解紧张”。
42．[D] 【解析】由下文可知“友善地点头或感激地挥手”是对礼貌行为的一种回应，故选D。in response to“对……回应”。
43．[A]【解析】用点头和挥手回应他人的礼貌行为，显然有助营造友好、宽容的气氛，A正确。．
44．[B] 【解析】but转折及本段最后一句“现在有许多司机即使看到礼貌行为也似乎视而不见”，可知这种对礼貌行为的感激在当今都是“少见的”，故选B。45．[C] 【解析】这里话锋一转讲到“不得体的礼貌行为”也会带来危险，故选C。46．[D] 【解析】该句举例说明司机突然刹车避让从小巷冲出来的汽车的行为．故选D“猛烈地，激烈地”。
47．[D] 【解析】从某个地方开出来的汽车，N用介词from，emerge from“出现．显露”。
48．[B] 【解析】when在句中引导状语从句，本句意为“司机紧急刹车避让从小巷冲出来的汽车，从而给后面的车辆带来危险，而本来再过几秒钟这条道路就没什么车辆了”。
49．[A] 【解析】现在分词crossing在句中作a child的补语．表动作正在进行。
50．[B] 【解析】根据句意“某人招手让孩子穿过斑马线，走到正有车驶近的另一边，而那些车辆可能无法…...刹车。”in time“及时地”，符合句意。
词汇与语法
Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智
grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)
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