2014年5月北京成人英语三级真题及答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2014.05.10
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter m the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
The first year of school in America, known as kindergarten, usually begins between the ages of five and six. Among rich countries such a late start is very strange. President Obama believes it is an economic and social problem; his education secretary goes as far as to say that it is "morally wrong". This statement has some support, as it is clear from research into vocabulary that
youngsters from poor families enter kindergarten well behind those from rich families—a
disadvantage that usually lasts a lifetime. Children from households on welfare knew 525 words by the age of three, while the children of professionals had mastered 1,116.
(76) Pre.school can help close this gap. So in a speech last month, Mr, Obama called for a
partnership between the federal government and the states to expand it to every American child.
It later became known that "every" meant those who come from families with incomes of up to 200% above the poverty line—equal to an income of $47,000 for a family of four.
(77) Some critics say that sending children to school at the age of four does not work. The
evidence suggests otherwise. For example, on March 20th new results were announced from a study of 9.to.l 1.year.olds in New Jersey. This report found that disadvantaged children who had attended pre.school had better literacy (读写能力), language, maths and science skills. And two years of pre.kindergarten were better than one.
Some studies also follow the effects of early learning over lifetimes, such as its effect on crime rates and other factors that may eventually burden society. Critics have singled out a
government scheme called Head Start, created in 1965, which provides poor households with a range of services including school.based early education.
1.Kindergarten in rich countries other than America usually begins at the age of _______
A. eight
B. seven
C. six
D. four
2.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Poor pre.school kids have a larger vocabulary than rich kids.
B. President Obama believes that early education can solve all economic and social
problems.
C. Rich pre.school kids have a richer vocabulary than poor kids.
D. President Obama's education secretary thinks it is morally wrong to let kids start
kindergarten early.
3.Which of the following about the New Jersey study is TRUE?
A. There is no evidence to support the New Jersey study.
B. New Jersey has created a new Head Start to help disadvantaged kids.
C. Sending children to school at the age of four is not going to help.
D. Two years of pre.kindergarten were better than one.
4.The phrase "single out" in the last paragraph means _______.
A. choose
B. think about
C. count
D. depend on
5.Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A. Secondary Education
B. Pre.school Education
C. Poor Kids’ Education
D. Rich Kids' Education
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
Humans may not have landed on Mars (火星) just yet, but that isn't shopping a European company from devising a plan to send four people to the Red Planet within the next few years.
(78) This project, called Mars One, aims to send a small group of people to Mars in 2022 and
eventually establish a permanent colony on the planet.
"Everything we need to go to Mars exists," said Mars One co.founder Bas Lansdorp in March 2014. "We have the rockets to send people to Mars, the equipment to land on Mars, the robots to prepare the settlement for humans. For a one.way mission, all the technology exists."
Yet the four astronauts (宇航员) chosen for the trip will be stuck on Mars—forever. And despite Mars One's thorough planning, there are a number of challenges that may prevent the mission from ever taking place. (79) The biggest road block could be the mission's huge cost ($6 billion).
However, Lansdorp is confident that Mars One will be able to fund the project by selling the broadcast rights for the mission and subsequent experiences living on the planet.
Those broadcast rights will also play a part in helping to select the people who will be sent to Mars. Lansdorp said the company will hold a selection process similar to a reality show.
Lansdorp is expecting at least 1 million applications from people around the world. In additon to the cost, several other potential problems could inhibit (阻止) the mission to Mars.
“It’s even more challenging to send people there with life support, with food, with air, with all the other things like books, entertainment, means of communication and of providing for their own resources for a long stay on Mars," said Adam Baker. senior lecturer in space engineering at Kingston University in London. "The sheer size of the rockets you'd need to do this would be absolutely colo ssal.”
6. According to Project Mars One, humans could send four people to Mars within the next
_______ years.
A. seven
B. eight
C. ten
D. six
7.According to Bas Lansdorp, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. For a one.way trip to Mars, all the technology exists.
B. He could not come up with the fund for Mars One.
C. We humans have the rockets to send people to Mars.
D. We humans have the equipment to land on Mars.
8.According to the passage, all the following statements are TRUE EXCEPT that _______.
A. a competition process will be held to select the four astronauts
B. the cost of Mars One could go as much as $6 billion
C. if it goes as planned, we could expect to watch Mars One on TV
D.the four astronauts could return to Earth after a few years’ stay on Mars
9. The word "colossal” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
A. very large
B. very small
C. medium
D. average
10. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A. Ready for a Round Trip to Mars
B. Ready for a Short Visit to Mars
C. Ready for a One.way Trip to Mars
D. Ready for a Walk on Mars
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
When the United States Congress created Yellowstone National Park in 1872, the goal was to set aside a place where Americans could enjoy the beauty of nature for years to come. Now, 142 years later, there are hundreds of national parks across the country, and technology is changing the way people experience them. Should park visitors be able to use cell phones, or should their use be restricted?
"Connectivity presents a real challenge to all of us." Al Nash says. He is a public affairs officer at Yellowstone National Park. He says cell phone service at Yellowstone is available in parts of the park with stores and campgrounds. This makes it easy for visitors to share photos of their trip on social networking sites and to stay in touch with friends and family members. (80) If a nark visitor is hurt or in danger, cell phones make it easier to get help. Some say the ability to download applications that provide information about plants and animals in the park can enrich a visitor's experience.
Others say cell phones disturb people's enjoyment of our national parks. In their view, cell phone towers are an eyesore, and they'd rather hear the sound of birds than the ring of an incoming call. Can you imagine looking out a peaceful lake or field of grass only to be disturbed by a person shouting into their phone, "Can you hear me now?"
Nash says Yellowstone tries to strike a balance. "Ultimately, our job is to let visitors understand and enjoy nature better while protecting what people find special about Yellowstone, and one of those things that's special is the ability to get away from the hustle and bustle (喧嚣) of one's daily life."
11.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Which U.S. National Park Has the Most Visitors?
B. Should National Parks Allow the Use of Cell Phones?
C. What Did Yellowstone Do to Enrich Park Visitors’ Experience?
D. Can Technology Transform the Way People Experience Nature?
12.National parks were established _______.
A. to show respect to former presidents
B. to raise public awareness about climate change
C. to preserve areas of natural beauty
D. to create job opportunities
13.According to the passage, which of the following statements about the cell phone service at Yellowstone is TRUE?
A. It is limited to certain areas in the park.
B. It is available everywhere in the park.
C. It is not available in the park.
D. It is available to visitors at a fee.
14.The word "eyesore" in the third paragraph probably means _______.
A. something unpleasant to look at
B. something harmful to health
C. beautiful scene
D. serious threat
15.What's the position of Yellowstone on cell phone use?
A. Supportive.
B. Neutral.
C. Negative.
D. Doubtful
Part V Translation (20%)
Section A
Directions: In this part there are Jive sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.
76．Pre-achool can help close this gap.
77．Some critics say that sending children to school at the age of four does not work. 78．This project, called Mars One, aims to send a small group of people to Mars in 2022. 79．The biggest road block could be the mission's huge cost.
80．If a park visitor is hurt or in danger, cell phones make it easier to get help.
Section B
Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.
81．你应该多运动。
82．去年春天，我们又见面了。
83．我们必须保护自然资源不被浪费。
84．杰克正在写的报告星期五必须完成。
85．那个电影我已经看了很多次。
北京市2014年5月成人英语三级真题答案
1. D four
第一段第一句说美国的幼儿园一般在五到六岁开始，第二句说在富裕国家里这么晚才开始是十分奇怪的，所以是在五岁以前，综合答案选择D，四岁。
2. C Rich pre-school kids have a richer vocabulary than poor kids.
第一第四句中提到，根据调查，贫困家庭的孩子在词汇方面要落后于富有家庭的孩子，而这种差距往往会持续一生。所以选C。
3. D Two years of pre-kindergarten were better than one.
倒数第二段第三四句讲到，参加学前教育的孩子在读写能力、语言能力、数学能力和科学能力上均有更好的表现，而有两年的学前教育效果要好于一年，所以选D。
4. A choose
本句的句意是批评者们选择了一个叫做“头脑启蒙”政府计划来……其他的选项分别都
B 考虑C计数D依赖
5. B Pre-school Education
本文通篇都在探讨的是学前教。A选项未提到，CD均为学前教育研究的一部分，所以选B。
6. B eight
第一段最后一句说计划在2022年送一组人上火星，可知答案是八年，选择B。
7. B He could not come up with the fund of Mars One.
第二段倒数第二句明确说明计划大约需要60亿美元。所以B选项描述有误。其他选项在第二段前半部分都有提到，即所有的条件均已具备。
8. D the four astrona uts could return to earth after a few years’ stay on Mars.
文中第二段提到这是一个“one-way trip”也就是单程旅行，所以他们不能回来。
9. A very large
最后一段开始提到，还需要送很多东西，例如生活用品、书籍、娱乐设施等等到火星。所以火箭的体积应该是很大的。选择A。
10. C Ready for a One-way trip to Mars
文章通篇都是讲的到火星的单向旅行计划，其他选项均未提到。
11. B Should National Parks Allow the Use of Cell Phones?
文章先介绍了国家公园的简单情况，然后引入了移动电话的问题，接下来是不同方面对这个话题的看法，所以选择，B。
12. C to preserve areas of natural beauty
第一段第一句话明确指出，国家公园的建立是为了留出一个区域让美国人能享受自然风光，所以答案是C。
13. A It is limited to certain areas in the park.
第二段第二句话说，移动电话只在公园里有商店和营地的地方有信号，所以选A。
14. A something unpleasant to look at
第三段第一句说，反对这说，移动电话打扰了他们在公园的享受，由此可以推断，信号塔应该是他们很不喜欢看到的，选A。
15. B Neutral
文章最后一段第一句说，黄石公园方面试图保持一个平衡，所以说他们的态度是中立的，答案是B。
16—45 DBACD BABBC BBABA
ADBBD CCABC DABBC
46—55 CCACA CBBCB
56—75 BACAD BDCBC DBCBA DCBDA
76. 学前教育可以帮助缩小这个差距。
77. 一些批评者们说在孩子四岁的时候送去学校起不了什么作用。
78. 这项称为火星一号的工程，计划在2022年送一小队人去火星。
79. 这项使命最大的障碍在于其昂贵的费用。
80. 如果一个公园的游者受伤或者有危险，手机可以帮他比较容易地获得帮助。
81. You should do sports more.
82. We met each other again last spring.
83. We must prevent the natural resources from being wasted.
84. The report that Jack is writing should be done before Friday.
85. I have seen that movie for many times.
81.You should exercise more.
82.We saw each other again last spring.
83.We must prevent our natural resources from being wasted.
84.The report Jack is writing now has to be finished before Friday.
85.I have seen the film many times
（1）词汇和语法对大家来说可能是比较难的，最主要的是词汇，因为作为成年人来讲，词汇量远远没有达到学位英语的要求，即使对正在读大学的大学生来讲，词汇也是一个难点。但要注意，词汇的考察有一定的重点，并不是所有的词汇都会考察。在记住词汇的同时要记忆一些词组，如：call off, call on; put off, put on，从这两组短语你能看出考察的重点吗?
（2）语法的考察需要注意以下几点时态：完成时态一般是正确答案(如果里面又有被动语态，那简直就太好了，一定是正确答案);语气：虚拟语气也是一样和完成时态有关的选项是正确答案，同时如果选项中出现动词原形be或者not be，那他一定是正确答案;从句：如果考察名词性从句，那就选what，如果考察定语从句要看里面缺少什么句子成分;注意定语从句和同谓语从句的区别;非谓语动词：记住下面三点：非谓语动词作状语其逻辑主语是主句主语;逗号不能连接两个句子;现在分词表示主动或进行，过去分词表示被动或完成;不定式表示将来。倒装：倒装的选项是正确答案;强调句型：句首是it ,后面选that。
（3）阅读理解在解答时一定要区分好题型，是细节题就要使用细节题的答题方法和技巧，是主旨题就要使用主旨题的答题方法和技巧。同时要注意以下几点：阅读中的重点句子：段首句;因果句;转折句;列举句;正确选项的特点：文章关键词的改写。
（4）完型填空：根据解答完形填空试题需要的信息量，完形填空试题可以分为两类：只需要根据试题所在的句子就能解答：A、语法题; B固定搭配题;需要根据试题所在句子的上文和下文进行解答：A.逻辑衔接题;B.语境词汇测试题
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Josie： Might I trouble you for a night? Justin： You ______ A. might indeed! B. may indeed! C. could indeed! D. certainly did! [答案]C 【精析】"Might I trouble you for a night?"的意思是：“我能够麻烦你一晚吗?”回答要用could。
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成人三级英语常考词汇（三）形容词 to do 能够做to do 打算做 3absent from 缺席in 充足 with/at/for 生气for/about 焦虑 to 易于of 意识到 with 厌倦at 惊叹于 to 忠实于with 忙于 of doing 有能力做of 有把握 of 特征是in 胜任的 with 一致的of/with 意识到 to 与相反to 便于 of 对…挑剔 ashamed of 对…感到羞耻 to 对…有害虫of/in 有信心 on 依靠于from 不同 for/to do 急于做about for 对…有热情 to 等同于to 相当于 30. essential to 重要的about./at 为某事而激动 of 对…马虎的to/with 熟悉 for 因…著名for/to 适合于 of 喜爱from 免于 to 对…友好of 有…罪
at/in 善于 good for 对…有益good to 对…友好往来about 为…而高兴to 信守的of 不顾 to 与…有关,相对于of 有…代表性的 to 抵制的for/to 对…负责的 to 响应的with 对…满意的 from 与…分开的sensitive to 对…敏感的of 对…厌倦的to 对…有帮助 to 对…的敌意的of 不了解 of无…罪的of妒忌的 on 热衷于in 缺乏 to do 可能做to 与…相对立的 of 为…骄傲的with 对…耐心的 to 比…更可取to 在…之前 to 在…之前,优先于to 特有的，专为…的 to 与…成比例的for 为…做好准备的 to 与…相似的about/for 为…感受到遗憾with 对…严格要求的for/to 对…合适的 to 从属于…,下级的to 优越于… for 对…渴望的of 有…典型性的 of 值得的with 受到欢迎的 to 适用的about/of 怀疑
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