3s 物联网在智能交通中的应用模型研究

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 3S AND INTERNET OF THINGS TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION APPLICATION

KEY WORDS: intelligent transportation; 3S; Internet of Things; integrated application model

ABSTRACT:

The operation and management of increasingly complex needs of modern transportation system generate intelligent transportation technology system, this paper discusses the 3S,Internet of Things technical key position in the Intelligent Transportation System technology on the basis of the modern transport system in intelligent transportation technology basic needs, proposes 3S, Internet of Things technical integrated application model in the intelligent transportation, focuses on the distributed network model of intelligent networking in which traffic information automatically collected and integrating 3S technology to complete the logical model of intelligent transportation applications, the last do a feasibility analysis on model in the project's specific applications.

1. INTRODUCTION

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is a generic term for integrated applications of transport system in a variety of information technology, including information processing, electronic sensing, communication and control. Its background was out of in the 1980s, road network was not unable to meet the traffic demand in the developed countries, road traffic accidents, congestion, pollution and other problems plagued the development of transportation; in strong support of new technology, there has been early intelligent transport system to improve traffic safety and efficiency . With the improvement and further development of the concept of transport development and information technology, intelligent transportation development goals are not limited to transportation safety and efficiency, but also the sustainable development of transport as well as the comfort of the transport system, while improving transportation in supply capacity, reducing transportation costs and impact on the environment. 2.INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION AND MODERN

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

The development of modern transportation system main following performance: urban and rural residents have increased significantly the number of trips, travelers want to be able to travel more convenient, secure and modern logistics of cargo transportation want to cut down the consumption of time and cost, traffic management system presents information technology, intelligent trends. Intelligent transportation systems for modern traffic main following techniques[1]:

(1) Collecting information automatically about traffic demand information, traffic information and the information outside the transportation industry. Information such as passenger and freight transport demand, transport vehicle information, information of infrastructure, operating environment information of transportation, building transportation systems contain massive data repository.

(2) Real-time data transmission. Modern systems of information transmission capacity requirements not only to transfer large amount of information , but also because of the high speed transmission requirements, which is the center of the traffic control and management system get real-time status at all levels.

(3) Providing fast and powerful information processing capabilities. Simple data is meaningless, it needs the associated hardware and software for information analysis and processing, powerful data identification, classification, analysis, processing capabilities from disorderly repository need to find the information needed by specific needs, and generating analysis reports provide support for the management and decision-making transport system. (4) Providing efficient and intelligent program generation and execution capabilities. Transportation system is a direct service to all people and objects using transport facilities to travel, that contains the direct management of hundreds of thousands or even millions of vehicles, therefore , program generation and execution of content of monitoring of vehicle operation , vehicle scheduling , parking , emergency management , etc, it needs more intelligent management systems and more advanced means of communication as well as more advanced programs and implementation of intelligent integration of graphics display system.

3.3S AND INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION Geospatial Information Science originated in the 1960s, is the inclusion of GPS, GIS and RS technology, and stressed the communications, computer technology integration to a comprehensive integrated technology disciplines. 3S technology forms the core of Geospatial Information Science, which is an important means to quickly access and update a large area of the Earth's dynamics and positioning information, reflect objectively the rapid reproduction of information processing by the Earth's surface, phenomena, processes and their spatial distribution, and in-depth exploration of the phenomenon, the formation mechanism of the intrinsic link between things. It is a frontier of Geo-Information Science, is the basis for Digital Earth.

3S technology has some development and application for many years in the domain of transportation, and is being created the benchmark of time and space suitable for transport system , the theoretical basis of space-time data model and space-time data analysis, in order to create a source of information gathering, information fusion, data mining, traffic information transmission and expression as the representative of technical methods , used in transportation management, logistics management, intelligent navigation , traffic information, location-based services and traffic safety and other areas.

3S technology support for the intelligent transportation main following techniques[2]:

(1) Providing the benchmark of time and space for the Intelligent Transportation positioning reference data collection.

(2) Providing location-based multi-sensor data acquisition, building Spatial database and data fusion.

(3) The expression of spatial intelligence traffic information and publishing: To solve the event location and transportation network, 3S design expression linear reference system, the system consists of the transport network, linear reference methods (LRM) and space-time reference, its core technology is the frame of reference for the establishment and linear dynamic segmentation technology.

(4) Intelligent Transportation Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery : Intelligent Transportation Data mining is largely

dependent on the spatial data information , which can be identified as a special spatial data mining level, it can effectively be found in travel law , traffic incident detection , traffic state recognition feature level of knowledge discovery , while the state with the vehicle and traffic information in real time to provide the necessary data to obtain class information support for dynamic route planning, vehicle monitoring and management , and real-time dynamic optimization.

4.IOT AND INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION IOT (the Internet of Things) is the Internet of Things, which is an extension and expansion of the Internet, integrated RFID technology, sensor sensing technology, global positioning systems and many other technologies, following certain protocols to achieve things and things pan information to identify interactions between intelligent processing functions in the network[3].

The Data of intelligent transportation applications include spatial data and transport infrastructure data to reflect the status of the road running with geographical indications. IOT in traffic areas adopt a more open application model, to a certain extent, breaking the information bottleneck for the development of intelligent transport systems and bring a leap in its development breadth and depth.

5.3S, IOT TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION MODEL IN

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION

Traffic information collection system as an important part of the foundation of ITS, provide the necessary support for the implementation of ITS in other subsystems by the method of fixed data acquisition and temporary data collection .Traffic information collection is divided into two kinds of manual collection and automated collection. Automatic collection of traffic information dominate the intelligent traffic application, this text discusses the traffic information automatic collection application model in the application of intelligent. Intelligent traffic information automatic collection network is essentially a standard electronic product code (Electronic Product code, EPC) network, that is what we called internet of things . EPC Network is an advanced, complex integrated systems, in essence , it is a way similar to marking and accessing computer terminal to the Internet through a globally unique address for each network card , EPC network mainly consists of the following aspects[4]:

(1) EPC tags ((Electronic Product Code Tag), each object access EPC network will assign an EPC tag , each EPC tag contains a globally unique EPC encoding , EPC Network the object is usually magnetic coil, magnetic passive infrared , microwave radar , ultrasound, video surveillance, traffic access to other equipment in intelligent transportation applications, while the coding for each device it also need to base on the benchmark of Oriented-time-space locate the device associated coding and space-time;

(2) EPC reader (Electronic Product Code Reader), is able to identify the EPC tag and read and write operations , EPC reader in intelligent transportation applications is serial server that is usually able to divide the EPC device RS232/RS485 collection information signal into Ethernet serial Server IP signals;

(3) Savant system, nervous system of EPC network , the software used to process and deal all the information from the EPC readers and event stream, which is an important link connecting EPC readers and enterprise applications;

(4) Object Naming Service (ONS), mapped to the related items of information services by EPC encoding; (5) EPC-Information Service(EPC-IS), EPC-IS is an EPCglobal network services enabling business partners to exchange EPC -related data over the network , object name information service in intelligent transportation applications uses SOA architecture integrates intelligent transportation systems business information to obtain EPC device-related business information;

(6) Physical Markup Language (PML), similar to XML,which describ computer language standard items of information;

A typical application of intelligent transportation network layer networking tree structure (ITS EPC Savant)[5], the structure shown in Figure 1 , the bottom of the leaf nodes is called the Edge Savant, directly connected to the intelligent traffic data collection equipment and complete device data reading and writing operations and provide a temporary storage function of data collection ; branch tree node called internal Savant, also called an internal node , it plays the role of convergence PML file data from a node device under its logical structure (which may be Edge savant or Internal savant in lower ) , which is later easy to retrieval temporary data collecting by Internal Savant and grandfather Internal Savant nodes classification device and responsible for in-stockroom operation of final device collection data. Tree -node communication adopts standard TCP/IP communication protocol.

Internal Savant

system structure

Due to the intelligent traffic information collection of information under the 3S basis for the space-time positioning equipment associated with the space-time coding information, the intelligent traffic information can be collected and show expression time series in the framework of geospatial information, the integration of transport objects in intelligent transportation application process collecting data and spatial data networking for data processing, analysis, traffic problems awareness program form, arrangement of human resources to solve the traffic problem solving scheduling problems through intelligent transportation system, and finally through the traffic handled things in data collection and analysis of spatial data to see the problem solved As a result, the formation of closed-loop intelligent transportation business applications to achieve full control of traffic event processing. Logical structure shown in Figure 2:

ITS EPC Savant

Solve the problem And feedback

Figure 2. event handling model in intelligent transportation

6. INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION

APPLICATIONS In the first phase of HaiNan province Intelligent transportation projects , constructing geographically distributed Hainan the intelligent transportation Things network applications, using a magnetic coil, microwave radar, video surveillance and other equipment to collect traffic flow and deal and trace emergency event real-time data , integrated "digital Hainan" public version framework data sets, finished level on graphics display and analysis. The project integrates a passenger in Hainan Province, waterways, freight, transit, transportation facilities of all information, to achieve the display and analysis in the same space and time benchmark of Hainan Expressway something a comprehensive monitoring traffic and major roads the traffic guidance information tips to make domestic tourists traveling in Hainan Province satisfaction of 97.5%

and the incidence of

traffic accidents decreased by

about 16%. The project application software interface is as follows:

Figure 3. real time tips of traffic conditions

Figure 4. Traffic flow Monitor

Figure 5. traffic incident response analysis

7. CONCLUSION

This paper discusses the 3S, networking technical support role in intelligent transportation technology system on basis of the modern transport system in the demand for intelligent transportation technologies, put forward 3S, networking technology integrated application model in intelligent transportation and it has been applied in Hainan province and achieved certain results. In the first phase of the application the data were collected in mainly in static form of discrete data points, with the integration of two-dimensional electronic map applications are mainly realized spatial location, spatial analysis, network analysis functions, dynamic traffic conditions acquisition based on mobile communications and monitoring dynamic traffic conditions by understanding and analysis of image data in future applications require further study.

8. REFERENCES [1] Qiming Liu. Applied Research of things in city traffic [Master Thesis]. Wuhan. Huazhong University of Science and Technology ，2012.

[2] DeRen Li. 3S technology and intelligent transportation. Wuhan University of Information Sciences ，2008,（4331-336. [3] ZhongMin Wang.EPC and IOT[M]. BeiJing: China Standard Press ，2004:6-10.

[4] Ying Zhao.Savant NetWork of IOT[J], Automatic Identification Technology and Applications ，2004(3). [5] Mark Harrison, Duncan McFarlane. Development of a Prototype PML Server for an Auto-ID Enabled Robotic Manufacturing Environment ，2003.