考研阅读理解态度题

阅读理解态度题瞬间秒杀技巧

在阅读理解的作者态度题中：

/如果选项表述的态度过于强烈或过于负面，比如悲观(pessimistic/gloomy)、恐惧(scared)、蔑视/嘲笑(contempt/scornful/disdainful)、绝望(desperate)、有害(harmful/destructive)、自以为是(conceited)、讽刺(sarcastic)等，不是答案。

/如果选项表述困惑(confused/puzzled)、漠不关心(indifference/indifferent)、不确定(uncertain/ambiguous)、犹豫(hesitancy)等，不是答案。因为作者必须表明一个明确的态度，不能模棱两可。

/如果选项表述偏见(biased)，不是答案。

/如果选项表述容忍(tolerant/tolerance/permissive/indulgence)，不是答案。

/如果选项表述支持(supportive)、欣赏(appreciation/appreciative)、满意(satisfaction/desirable)、肯定(positive)等，通常不是答案。

/如果选项表述怀疑(suspicion/skeptical/doubtful/questionable)、乐观(optimistic)、同情(sympathy)、客观(objective/impartial)、赞同(approval/consent)等，通常是答案。(注：此处“怀疑”是针对全文中局部内容的怀疑，如果是针对全文的怀疑，则不是答案)

第一，猜题三原则

/1.客观理性原则

某一事物是好是坏，作者对它是支持、反对还是中立，态度一般都非常明确。问作者对某事物的态度时，表示“客观”的词多为正确选项(事物是客观存在的)。如objective，impartial，unbiased等。

问作者对其提到的某人的观点的态度时，答案只能是肯定或否定，支持或反对。如critical，approval，opposition等。

另外，考试所选文章通常是理性的说明和论证，具有较强的逻辑性，作者对于所讨论话题的态度不会是偏激的。

/2.关注责任原则

既然写了文章，那么作者的态度就不可能漠不关心，因此见到indifferent，uninterested这类词可以首先排除。

一般带有绝对化或表示过于强烈的态度的词必错，如strong，complete，entire，enthusiastic等。而有所保留的态度比较客观，因此常常是正确选项，如reserved(保留的)，qualified(有限制的，有条件的)等。

/3.主旨相关原则

作者观点一般与文章主旨相关联。尤其注意文章首末端和倒数第二段，特别是末段，往往是答案所在。

第二，解题方法

/第1步：看选项，首先排除不可能成为最佳选项的单词(往往含有人身攻击性的词汇，态度过于强烈或过于负面)，例如：

contempt/contemptuous/scornful/disdainful(轻蔑，蔑视，嘲笑)

sarcastic/cynical(讽刺的，挖苦的)gloomy(沮丧的) disappointment(失望，沮丧)desperate(绝望的)

scared(恐惧的，害怕的)compromising(妥协的)

tolerant(容忍的)fruitless(徒劳的)

arbitrary/subjective(主观臆断的)harmful/destructive(有害的) disgusting(讨厌的)hostile(敌对的)

sensitive(敏感的)：这个词汇是万能选项，因为任何议论文作者必然是对论点谈论的对象是敏感的，否则就不会写这样的议论文了。因此这个选项是适合任何议论文的作者的全文情感态度的，只有在确定排除其他选项的情况下，才可以成为正确答案，一般是直接排除。因为万能选项不能考察考生的阅读理解文章的能力，如果可以成为正确答案的话，大家看见就选那这个题目出的还有什么意思？没有任何难度。它的相近词汇有：concerned。

negative/passive(消极的)pessimistic/gloomy(悲观的) condemnable(该罚的，该受责备的)unforgiving(不可饶恕的，不可原谅的) /第2步：看选项，排除永陪选项，例如：

biased/prejudice(有偏见的)

puzzling/puzzled/confused(困惑的)：作者花费了很多精力针对这个话题来进行调查研究，并且根据清晰的逻辑将调查结果写成文章，那么作者一定对这个话题非常了解，不会存疑。

indifferent(indifference)/disinterested/uninterested/impassive(漠不关心的)：如果作者对于谈论的话题不关心的话怎么可能去写一篇450字左右的文章呢？既然写了就一定是关心的。

uncertain/ambiguous(不确定的，模糊的)hesitancy(犹豫) conceited/self-righteous(自以为是的)

neutral(中立的)：论点必须有倾向性，必须鲜明，而该词没有任何倾向性，因此不选。

/第3步：看选项，排除选项中的相同/相近选项(相同/相近的态度一般是错误选项)

通常情况下，若两个(或三个)选项表示同一种态度，即同为正面态度或负面态度，那么这两个(或三个)选项一般是错误项。

例如某题选项如下：

[A].identical(一致的)

[B].similar(相似的)

[C].complementary(相互补充的)

[D].opposite(相反的)

这道题中，ABC是相近选项，故排除ABC，答案选D。

/第4步：如果无法排除，到原文中找表示作者感情色彩的形容词、副词、中心思想句以及举例的方式

/第5步：看选项，保留选项中可以成为正确答案的词，答案往往产生于下列选项中(注：态度都有一定的倾向性)：

suspicious(suspicion)/skeptical/doubtful/questionable/questioned(怀疑的)(如果是针对全文中局部内容的怀疑，通常是答案；如果是针对全文的怀疑，通常不是答案) optimistic(乐观的)(是答案的可能性较大)

sympathy(同情的)(是答案的可能性较大)

opposition(反对)critical(批评)

approval(赞成)supportive(支持的)(是答案的可能性较小) objective/impartial(客观的)：不同于neutral，该词有褒义倾向，是具有褒义色彩的中性词，可以成为答案。

positive(积极的，肯定的)(是答案的可能性较小)

satisfaction(满意)(是答案的可能性较小)

appreciation(appreciative)(欣赏)(是答案的可能性较小)

apprehensive(担忧的)surprised/amazed(惊讶的)

/第6步：看题干，判断情感态度指向的对象。(微信号：kaoyanx)

/第7步：判断该对象的性质：

如果该对象与伦理道德观念相吻合，那么应该选择含有可以成为正确答案的褒义词的选项，比如尊师重道。

如果该对象与伦理道德观念不相吻合，那么应该选择含有可以成为正确答案的贬义词的选项，比如作奸犯科。

如果该对象与伦理道德观念没有关系，那么应该选择可以成为正确答案的具有褒义色彩的中性词，比如经济的增长或衰弱。

如果该对象与伦理道德的的关系还没有形成定论，那么应该选择可以成为正确答案的具有褒义色彩的中性词，比如安乐死，我们的道德观念不认为一个人支持安乐死就说他是邪恶的，也不会认为一个人反对安乐死就说他是残忍的，我们的道德观念是允许发表任何言论。

注#1：如果判断一个题目应该选择褒义词，但是选项中没有褒义词的时候应该选择具有褒义色彩的中性词；反之亦然。

注#2：可以成为正确答案的具有褒义色彩的中性词成为正确答案的机率最大，其次是可以成为正确答案的褒义词，最后是可以成为正确答案的贬义词。

第三，真题演练

The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of [A].severe criticism(严厉批评)

[B].passive acceptance(被动接受)

[C].slight hesitancy(略显犹豫)

[D].full approval(完全支持)

[解析]：根据解题原则1(客观理性原则)，或参考上面的第2步，优先排除C。再

看ABD三个选项，AB都是负面态度，参考上面的第3步，应排除AB。所以答

案选D(微信号：kaoyanx)。

/例2：2014年英语(一)第35题

The author believes that the new awards are

[A].acceptable despite the criticism(尽管存在批评，还是能接受的)

[B].harmful to the culture of research(对于有关研究的文化有害)

[C].subject to undesirable changes(遭受不好的变化)

[D].unworthy of public attention(不值得公众的关注)

[解析]：题干中“believes”说明该题是态度题。（1）该题是问对事物的态度，根

据解题原则1(客观理性原则)，选项A表述最为客观(含关键词“despite”)，而且是

带有褒义色彩的客观，所以答案选A。（2）参考上面的第1步，B中“harmful”

表述过于负面，最不可能是答案，所以优先排除B。再看ACD三个选项，C中

“undesirable”和D中“unworthy”都是负面态度，参考上面的第3步，应排除CD。

所以答案选A。

According to Paragraph1,what is the author's attitude toward the AAAS's report? [A].Critical(批评的)

[B].Appreciative(欣赏的)

[C].Contemptuous(鄙视的)

[D].Tolerant(容忍的)

[解析]：参考上面的第1步，“Contemptuous”和“Tolerant”最不可能是答案，优先

排除CD。参考上面的第5步，“Appreciative”是答案的可能性较小，排除B，所

以可推断答案为A。可结合文章做进一步的验证。

/例4：2011年英语(一)第25题

Regarding Gilbert's role in revitalizing the Philharmonic,theauthor feels

[A].doubtful(怀疑的)

[B].enthusiastic(充满热情的)

[C].confident(有信心的)

[D].puzzled(困惑的)

[解析]：根据解题原则1(客观理性原则)，或参考上面的第2步，优先排除D。再

看ABC三个选项，BC都是正面态度，参考上面的第3步，应排除BC。所以答

案选A。

/例5：2014年英语(二)第22题

The author's attitude toward Americans'watching TV is

[A].critical(批评的)

[B].supportive(支持的)

[C].sympathetic(同情的)

[D].ambiguous(模糊的)

[解析]：根据解题原则1(客观理性原则)，或参考上面的第2步，D表述不确定，优先排除D。再看ABC三个选项，BC都是正面态度，参考上面的第3步，应排除BC。所以答案选A。

附：阅读中常用的态度词汇总

Formal(informal)：正式的，礼仪上的，拘谨的(非正式的，不拘礼的，通俗的) Pedantic：迂腐，卖弄学问，学究式的，空谈，自夸学问，书呆子气的Personal(impersonal)：人性的，涉及隐私的，私人的，人称的，亲自的，身体的(客观的，和个人无关的，没有人情味的，非人的)

Respectful：表示尊敬的，有礼貌的，谦恭的

Disdainful：轻蔑的，居傲的，鄙视的

Adulation(adulatory)：谄媚(的)，过分称赞(的)

Wonder：奇迹，惊讶，难以置信的

Affection(affectionate)：深情(的)，亲切(的)，挚爱(的)

Amusement(amusing)：有趣(的)，消遣(的)，愉快(的)

Approval(disapproval)：赞成，满意(不以为然，不赞成，非难)

Reverence(irreverence)：虔诚，尊敬，充满崇敬心(不敬的，不逊的，无礼的) Disappointment：失望，沮丧

Sarcasm(sarcastic)：讽刺(的)，讥讽(的)

Didactic：说教的，教训的

Persuasive(convincing)：令人信服的，有力的，使人心悦诚服的Diffident：不自信的，谦虚谨慎的，羞怯的

Indifferent：漠不关心的，不重要的，冷淡的

Indulgence：沉溺；迁就，宽容；溺爱，放纵

Condemnation(condemnable)：谴责(该受责备的，可非难的，该罚的) Scientifically detached：学术上超然的，学术上分离的，科学态度冷淡的Apologetic：道歉的，急于认错的，辩护的

Frustrated：挫折的，挫败的，失意的

Contemptuous：轻蔑的，鄙视的，瞧不起人的Condescending：谦逊的，故意屈尊的，有优越感的

Paternal：父亲的，似父亲的，家长式统治的

Cynical：愤世嫉俗的，讽刺的，冷嘲的

Pitying：怜悯的，遗憾的，同情的

Bitter(bitterness)：痛苦的，怀恨的(悲痛，怨恨)

Factual：事实的，实际的

Humorous：富幽默感的，滑稽的，诙谐的

Inventive：善于创造的，发明的

Self-righteous：自以为是的

Insincere：不诚实的，无诚意的，伪善的

Matter-of-fact：事实的，实际的，事务性的，平淡的

Gloat：幸灾乐祸;沾沾自喜

Slyly：狡猾地;偷偷地

Stick to established facts：坚持已确立的观点

Impatient：不耐烦的，着急的，急切的

Violent distaste：极度的厌恶，剧烈的嫌恶

Pleasure：心情舒畅，愉悦

Anxious to please：焦虑地讨好，渴望地取悦

Seriously：严肃地，认真地

Up-to-date：最近的，跟上时代的

Paradoxical and witty：似非而是的诙谐，矛盾的妙语，诡论的机智Unforgiving：不可饶恕的，不可原谅的

Professionally scientific：专于科学的，专业从事科学的Argumentative：好辩的，引起争论的，论证式的

Critical：批评的，吹毛求疵的，非难的

Jaded：疲倦不堪的，厌倦的

Admire：钦佩，羡慕

Expected：期待的，盼望的

Fascinating：迷人的，吸引人的，使人神魂颠倒的

Easily understood：清晰易懂的，明了的

Incorrect：不正确的

Curious：好奇的，求知的，古怪的

Intuitive to one's approach：对其方法有直觉的

Rational：理性的，合理的

Decisive：决定性的，坚定的，果断的

Sweeping in the generalization：笼统地归纳

Reflective：反射的，反映的

Self-contradictory：自相矛盾的

Confused：混淆的，混乱的，无秩序的

Non-conformist：不遵奉习俗的，我行我素的

Sanguine：乐观的，满怀希望的

Optimistic：乐观的，乐观主义的

Pessimistic：悲观的，悲观主义的

Sentimental：感伤的，感情用事的

Coldly factual：极端实际的，不带任何感情色彩的Scientifically objective：客观科学的，从科学角度不带任何偏见的Nostalgia：怀旧，乡愁

Delight with reminiscence：快乐回忆

Stoic：禁欲主义的，淡泊的

Aesthetic：美的，美学的；审美的，具有审美趣味的

Cast doubt on：对...怀疑

Disclaim：否认，拒绝承认

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