考研英语翻译复习的注意事项

对于历年考研英语各题型的难度，五大题型(完型、传统阅读、阅读新题型、翻译和写作)中要数翻译最难。2002年翻译按照大纲要求总分从15分降至10分，从近年来翻译得分情况来看：理想的平均成绩为5分~5.5分之间，成绩不理想的时候分数徘徊在3分~3.5分之间，由此我们得出结论：同学们在翻译这个题上处于劣势。那么怎样才能使同学们在今后处理翻译题时转被动为主动，提高翻译成绩呢?

考研英语翻译题是一篇400字文章，考查考生其中五句话大约150个词的翻译能力。可以说翻译能力的考查是考研试题中难度级别比较高的题型，但是究竟有没有必要为了这5句话就背厚厚的一本翻译书，花2个月或者3个月看一本于实际翻译水平没有特别大关系的书呢?笔者认为应该从以下几个方面去理解这个问题。

第一，反复做真题是有必要的，即使是翻译题，也是如此。

因为真题代表着客观，科学，考生可以从以往的真题中了解题的难度，进而了解得分事项，把握自己复习的方向。但是不要始终都看真题，因为真题已经考过，考研不是咱们小学考试，考书本知识，它的考试更富有变化性，更有时事性。所以，咱们接下来一点就要提到拓宽自己的知识面。

第二，拓宽自己的知识面。这个问题好像是每位英文老师都要提

到的一点，足以显示这点的重要性。

知识面，只要涉及经济，社会，科学等，一般不会考政治。因为政治很敏感，中国国情和政党宣扬的历史和政治观点和其他国家的有很大不同，所以，这个很少作为热点。纵观近几年试题，最多考试的应该是社会科学文章，包括青少年问题，智商问题，社会上出现的种种素质问题，农业问题等等。这方面的知识都是大家在生活中常常忽略的问题。就我所知，大家现在只会了解手机报发送的一些简短的信息，但是大篇幅的阅读是没有的，也就是说，综合能力，综合素养不足。建议从现在开始每天阅读一篇关于社会科学的英语文章，不需要特别深读，但是需要明白其基本思想，后期，随着阅读速度的提高，单词量的扩大，可以试试每周去翻译一两篇比较经典的文章。

第三，也就是要说说，咱们引文中提到的，要不要拿各大出版社出的关于翻译的书，一遍一遍地看

我的观点是，除非你是英语专业学生，否则，没这个必要，只要了解到最基本的翻译技巧比如说，英文的被动句在翻译时，不要直接译成被动，英文中的时态，在翻译到中文时也要注意，添加一些表示时间的词就可以。现在大家最根本的问题在于，对于句子结构的认识不清楚和对于词义把握的不到位，甚至有些习惯用法都不知道，是英语基础的问题，不是英语技巧的问题。所以一定要认清自己的shortcomings，然后有的放矢地复习。(当然，我也不排斥，有些考生已经将英语基础复习相当好，有时间，有兴趣多看看翻译技巧书籍。)

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短语作定语常常翻译到中心词前标点符号： 1．直接套用；2．一逗到底（多点逗号）第三人称反身代词，一般指离自己最近的那个名词。一个名词前面有一个定语在修饰，后面还有一个定语在修饰，这叫多重并列定语。多重并列定语从后往前翻译。并列结构：一般指并列的词组、并列宾语、并列谓语等等。一般可以直接翻译，但常常需要重复并列部分。比较结构： 1．more…than+num：多余、比……多；more…than+n/v：不仅仅、不止；more…than+adj/adv：非常、很；more…than+can/could：不能；no more…than…=not any more than不……，像……不。 2．as…as像……一样；not so as不像……一样；not so much…as与其……不如。插入结构：常常可以直接翻译，但有时候还需要放到整句话最前面去翻译。倒装结构：恢复正常顺序后直接翻译。复习策略：单词；结构和顺序。结构和顺序：断句点在哪？断句点的上下文是何种关系？（什么修饰关系、修饰语的起止点、修饰语修饰什么）翻译中汉语的先后顺序如何？指着英语单词说汉语。默写这句英语句子。被动结构：可翻译为“使得”“得以”“加以”“受到”“获得”。翻译的原则是：少用“被”字；首先可以主宾颠倒，其次还能省略“被”字，用“受到”“得到”“加以”“得以”“为……所”“由……来”“是……的”等直接翻译。状语和状语从句：状语从句一般可以直接翻译，但常常要把时间、条件、让步和原因状语从句翻译到主句之前，状语的最佳位置是在主语后动词前，时间在前，地点在后。形式主语的翻译：常常当固定词组一样，翻译到整句话最前面。如何做练习：每天20分钟，一句话。

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历年考研英语翻译常考词汇汇总 A Abstract n.摘要，概要，抽象adj.抽象的，深奥的，理论的 Accelerate vt.&vi.（使）加快，（使）增速，n.接受速成教育的学生 Achievement n.成就；成绩；功绩，达到；完成 Acquire vt.得到，养成，vt获得；招致，学得（知识等），求得，养成（习惯等），捕获，Action n.作用，动[操]作，行动，机械装置[作用]，（小说等中的）情节 Activity n.活动，活动的事物，活动性，机能，功能 Actually adv.现实的，实际的；目前的；明确的，有效的 Additional adj.增加的，额外的，另外的 Advance vt.&vi.（使）前进，（使）发展；促进，vt.提出 Advantage n.利益，便利，有利方面，有利条件；优点；优势，（网球等）打成平手（deuce）而延长比赛后一方先得的一分（攻方所得称advantage in，守方所得则称advantage out） Agree vi.一致；相合同意，赞成约定，允诺，答应，相宜，调和，符合，和睦相处 Almost adv.几乎，差不多，差一点；将近 Amount n.量，数量，数额，总额，总数vi.合计，共计 Approach vt.&vi.接近，走近，靠近；vt.接洽，交涉；着手处理；n.靠近，接近，临近 Appropriate adj.适当的，恰当的；vt.挪用；占用；盗用 Argue vt.&vi.争吵，辩论；vt.坚决主张，提出理由证明，说服，劝说 Arise vi.&link v.呈现；出现；发生；vi.起身，起来，起立 Aspect n.方面，方位，朝向 Assert vt.声称，断言，维护，坚持 Assume vt.假设，臆断，猜想，假装，担，担任，就职

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历年考研英语翻译词组汇总(免费下载)

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