定语从句在写作中运用(教师版)
定语从句在写作中的运用
1.contradiction n. Saying sth that conflicts with sth said or written by sb;disagreement反
驳；矛盾
2.obstacle n. Thing which stands in the way and prevents progress 障碍；阻碍
3.approval n. Showing or saying that one thinks sth is good or acceptable or satisfactory
赞成；承认
4.revelation n. Making known sth that was secret or hidden;revealing 启示；揭示
5.critic n. Person who evaluates and describes the quality of sth,esp works of
art,literature,music,etc 批评家；评论家
6.sponsor n. Person who agrees to be responsible for sth; person who puts forward a
preposal;sports eent, etc,usually in return for advertising 担保人；发起人；赞助者
7.merchant n. Person who buys and sells goods in large quantities 商人
8.Burglar n. Person who breaks into houses,shops,etc in order to steal 窃贼
9.Sequence n. Order in which things or events follow one another 顺序；序列
10.Squirrel n. Small tree-climbing animal with long furry tail that eats nuts and also stores
them for the winter 松鼠
一、写作中常用的几种定语从句
1．关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，
尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。
Actually, we can't succeed in everything that we try. (2014·福建高考满分作文)
A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor.(2013·
福建高
考满分作文)
没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。
I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in
the school over the past three years (2011·福建高考满分作文)
.
Everyone of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and
辽宁高考满分作文)
gives full play to your DIY skills. (2014·
I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a
湖北高考满
girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. (2014·分作文)
People can enjoy the moon while eating mooncakes, which are the special food for this
辽宁高考满分作文)
festival.(2013·
人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。
2．关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句是指when，where，why引导的定语从句。
The reason why people celebrate the festival is that they believe it is the time when the moon
is at its fullest and brightest in the whole year, and people will gather together eating mooncakes
辽宁高考满分作文)
and appreciating the full moon.(2013·
人们庆祝这个节日的原因是，他们相信这时候是一年中月亮最满、最亮的时候，人们聚
在一起吃月饼、赏满月。
3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
Years of school life have taught me a lot of things, of which what strikes me most is that we
湖北高考满
should take care not to hurt others with our words, deliberately or by accident.(2013·分作文)
多年的校园生活教会了我很多东西，其中使我印象最深的是我们应该尽量不要用言语伤
害别人，无论是故意还是无意。
[即时演练]用适当的关系词填空
1．Those who do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the
广东高考满分作文)
society.(2013·
2．As we all know, cleaning streets is one of the hardest work.(2013·
广东高考满分作文) 3．Everyone of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and
辽宁高考满分作文)
gives full play to your DIY skills. (2014·
4．The truth is ereryone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong,
安徽高考满分作文)
so you don’t have to worry so much.
(2014·
5．She was educated at Beijing University, after which she went to have her advanced study
abroad.
二、定语从句的写法
定语从句是比较难掌握而又是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，因此在写作时可采用
“三步法”：
第一步：写出两个简单句。
第二步：在一个简单句中找出一个要修饰的词汇，这个词在两个简单句中都有。
第三步：把另一个简单句改成定语从句，要特别注意引导词的选择。
[示例]
第一步：写出两个简单句。
①The foreigner is from Canada.
②He visited our class yesterday.
第二步：在句①中找出一个要修饰的词汇：the foreigner。
第三步：用句②充当定语从句，the foreigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代the
foreigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作引导词。
The foreigner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada.
[即时演练]把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句
1．I've always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then.
I've_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent.
2．I have a friend. Her father is an engineer.
I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.
3．They planted the trees. The trees didn't need much water.
They_planted_the_trees_that/which_didn't_need_much_water.
4．This is the best method. It can be used against pollution.
This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.
5．They sent the elderly some fruits, cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them. The elderly always feel lonely.
They_sent_some_fruits_to_the_elderly_who_always_feel_lonely,_cleaned_the_rooms_and_ had_a_good_chat_with_them.
三、定语从句写作的几点注意事项
1．误用关系词
误：I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.
正：I live in Beijing, which is the capital of China.
误：I have a friend, who's name is Liu Mei.
正：I have a friend, whose name is Liu Mei.
2．句子残缺
误：There were many students took part in the English competition.
正：There were many students who took part in the English competition.
误：Those who in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.
正：Those who are in favor of the proposal, please raise your hands.
3．有多余词
误：The film I saw it last night was really very good.
正：The film I saw last night was really very good.
误：Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood.
正：Last week, I returned to the village where I grew up in my childhood.
4．定语从句与并列句的混淆
误：In fact, smoking is a bad habit, it does great harm to people's health.
正：In fact, smoking is a bad habit, which/and it does great harm to people's health.
误：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, it didn't help.
正：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, which/but it didn't help.
[即时演练]单句改错
1．Those have work experience can find a job easily.________________
答案：Those后加who
2．Some songs remind us of the people which we love.________________
答案：which→ who(m)
3．This is the factory we visited it last year.________________
答案：去掉it
4．She has been a teacher for 30 years in the place where used to be a poor area.________________
答案：where→ which/that
5．As a child, Jack studied in a village school, it is named after his grandfather.________________
答案：it→ which或在it前加and
[综合演练提升]
I.用定语从句翻译短语
1.一个叫做Tom的男孩
_____________________
2.教我们英语的老师
_____________________
3.昨天我妈妈给我的钱
_________________________
4.矗立在河边的楼房
______________________________
5.一位皮包被偷了的女士
_________________________________
6.我们在农场工作的开心日子
__________________________________
7.她工作的地方
______________________
8.她没有交作业的原因
____________________________
总结：定语从句可以修饰主句的不同成分—主语，宾语，表语
非限制性定语从句，有时可以修饰整个主句。
1.The girl who studies hard is very beautiful.
2.I know the girl who studies hard.
3.This is the girl who studies hard.
II.翻译句子
1.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。
The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam.
2.她上周买的裙子非常好看。
The dress, which she bought last week ,is very nice .
3.这就是他爸爸工作的地方。
This is the place where his father works.
4.你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使老师非常高兴。
You have made great progress, which makes your teacher very happy.
5.众所周知，他是一个好学生。
As is known to us all, he is a good student.
6.北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。
Beijing,which is the capital city of China ,is a very beautiful.
7.鲁迅的原名(real name)是周树人。在他的一生中他写了很多小说和散文（prose)
Luxun, whose real name is ZhouShuren, wrote many novels and proses in his whole life .
III.欣赏句子
1．我总是会参观一些博物馆，这些博物馆对于拓宽视野、丰富知识来说是不应错过的。
I would visit some museums which_should_not_be_missed to widen my horizons as well as
山东高考满分作文)
enrich my knowledge. (2013·
2．当今，父母为他们的独生子女做所有的事情，这使得这些独生子女非常依赖于父母。
Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children,
福建高考满分作文)
which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parents badly.(2013·
3．你知道，中国结非常受中国人的喜欢。
新课标全国卷ⅡAs_you_know,_Chinese knots are very popular with Chinese people. (2013·满分作文)
4．你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个国际会议。
You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international 新课标全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)
meeting.(2013·
5．我经常想起被陌生人的言语伤害和侮辱的时候，甚至有时是来自熟悉的人。
I often think about the times when I have felt hurt and insulted by rude remarks from
湖北高考满分作文)
strangers and sometimes even from acquaintances.(2013·
IV.改写句子
例子：Jack is from Canada.He has studied in our school for three years .He often helps us
learn English .He speaks Chinese very well.
改写1：Jack is a student of our school ,who comes from Canada.He has studied in our
school for three years .He often helps us learn English ,and he speaks Chinese very well.
改写2：Jack comes from Canada. He is a student of our school where he has studied for 3 years .Not only does he often help us learn English but he speaks Chinese fluently as well.
实战演练：Our class is a big family; It consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. Most of them are mainly from the countryside. Zhao Qiang is a kind-hearted boy. He is always ready to help others. He is such a good boy that we all like him.
答案：Our class is a big family which consists of 12 girls and 50 boys, most of whom are mainly from the countryside. Zhao Qiang is a kind-hearted boy, who is always ready to help others. He is a good boy whom we all like.
V.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句。
1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。
2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。
3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。
4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。
5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。
参考范文：
I have a classmate called Kate, whose mother is my former English teacher. Kate is a girl who is easy to get along with and we all like her. Kate took the first place in the Speech Contest, which makes her mother happy. The New Year is coming, when Kate will go to Hong Kong together with her mother. As we all know, Hong Kong is a shopping paradise, where Kate intends to buy what she needs.
高考英语考前30天之备战冲刺押题系列01 定语从句（教 师版） 三年铸剑，六月试剑。2012高考最后烽烟在即，这时的你，最最需要的就是一套质量精良的复习资料。她能帮助你保持冲刺的惯性，做到准备充分，适应考试的各项要求，保持良好的竞技状态，最终做到全力冲刺。 中学学科网组织特约名师编辑团队全力打造2012高考冲刺押题押题系列。集一线名师多年备考经验，点睛2012高考考点，预测考点再现概率，为您的高考备考指南引航。 上百名高考命题研究专家参与，挖掘第一手高考信息，命中率更高，押中一分，改变你的一生。 名师押题： 【押题1】I prefer a company ________ people have to work as a team, instead of fighting against each other. A．where B．that C．as D．when 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。where是关系副词，在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词company，并且在从句中作状语。 【押题指数】★★★ 【选题理由】 在定语从句中，当先行词是表示地点的词时，关系代词与关系副词的选择近三年全国各地区考查定语从句的题目中这类题目有11道。 【得分锦囊】 在高考考查定语从句试题中，有许多题目中的先行词是表示地点的名词，要正确判断用关系代词还是关系副词，要看引导词在从句中所作的成分。如果引导词在从句中作状语，则用where，否则用that或which。考生可以采用补全法，即根据句意把从句补充完整，补上去的部分在从句中所作的成分就是引导词在从句中所作的成分，就可以很容易地确定用关系代词还是用关系副词了。如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year．这就是我们去年住过的那个山村。 【押题2】 —Is this the house_______ you often talk about? —Yes, just the one _______ you know I used to live for more than 15 years. A. that;where B. which;that
定语从句在书面表达中的使用 一、定语从句的类型 1．关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。 ①I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. ②Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting. ③Only those who spare no effort to confront problems can achieve what they long for. ④As an old saying goes, living without a clear and achievable aim is like sailing without a compass. 2．关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句是指when, where, why引导的定语从句。 ①During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, where air is fresh and people are friendly.②I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study 3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句 ①Speaking and listening are very important for a language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress. ②I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved. 1．因此，我认为我能得一个高分，这个分数能使我进入一个理想的大学。 ①So I suppose I can get a good mark, ________________________________________________________________________. ②____________________________________________________________________ _.(定语从句)。 3. 分词做状语______________________________________________________________________ 2．我们都喜欢我们的英语老师，我们已向她学习了很多东西。 ①We all like our English teacher.________________________________________________ __. ②_________________________________________________________________________________________.(定语从句) 3．我总是盼望着我独立的那一天。 ①I've always longed for the days, I ________________________________________________. ②____________________________________________________________________________.(定语从句) 4．事实上，我来这儿拜访我叔叔，目前他碰巧在你们城市工作。 ①As a matter of fact, I am here visiting my uncle. ____________________________________________________________________________. ②_______________________________________________________________________.(定语从句) 5．在几次我班的英语活动中我已帮助她，这受到老师和同学的欣赏。 ①I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class. ________________________________. ②I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, ______________________________. 二、定语从句的常用句型 1．As we all know.../As is known to all...众所周知…… 众所周知，小孩和老年人都需要温暖和关心。_________________________________________________________. 2．As sb. puts it...按照某人所说的…… 按照他常说的，大学教育决定一个人的命运。_________________________________________________________ 3．such...as...像……这样的；诸如此类的…… 信不信由你，世界上没有免费午餐之类的事情___________________________________________________________ 4．As the old saying goes, ……常言道…… .常言道，熟能生巧。________________________________________________________________________. 5．the same...as.../the same as...像……一样的 她对他的方式和态度与以前完全一样。Her manner and attitudes towards him were quite the same ___________________________________. 6．one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句……中的一个 据我所知，你妹妹是通过考试的学生之一。__________________________________________________________. 7．the only one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句……中唯一的一个 格林先生是这些工人中唯一被邀请去北京的。________________________________________________________. 1．另外，正如古老的谚语所说，“赠人玫瑰，手有余香”。_____________________________________________.
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
定语从句的用法 【概念引入】 欣赏含有定语从句的名言： Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face. 笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。 Don’t trust the first sign that you see. 不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。 All is not gold that glitters. 发光的未必都是金子。 Nothing is impossible to the man who has will. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 【用法讲解】 一、定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。 This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. 这是他给我的生日礼物。 Do you know everybody who came to the party? 你认识来宴会的每一位吗？ This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. 这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。 二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics. 我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。 These are musicians who make us happy. 这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。 People who eat a balanced diet are healthier. 平衡饮食的人是健康的。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。 Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ 你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？ Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 你想见的李先生已经来了。 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。 I know the boy whose father is a professor. 我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是给单词释义的一本书。
定语从句在写作中的运用 Teaching Aims: 1、请给我解释一下你不辞而别的理由好吗？ Could you please give me a reason why you left without a word? 2、我们班是个大家庭，它由15位女生和21位男生组成。 Our class is a big family, which is made up of 15 girls and 21 boys. Our cl ass is a big family, which consists of 15 girls and 21 boys. 3.众所周知，北京是个繁华的城市，它有着悠久的历史。 As we all know, Beijing is a busy city, which has a long history. As is known to us all, Beijing is a busy city, which has a long history. 4、李明是个热心的孩子，他非常乐于助人。 Li Ming is a warm-hearted boy, who is willing to help others. Li Ming is a warm-hearted boy, who is ready to help others. 5、早晨，有很多人在公园里锻炼身体。 In the morning, there are many people who are taking exercise in the park. 6、2008年，中国将举办奥运会，这是一个令人兴奋的的消息。
定语从句在写作中的运用 1.contradiction n. Saying sth that conflicts with sth said or written by sb;disagreement反驳；矛盾 2.obstacle n. Thing which stands in the way and prevents progress 障碍； 阻碍 3.approval n. Showing or saying that one thinks sth is good or acceptable or satisfactory 赞成；承认 4.revelation n. Making known sth that was secret or hidden;revealing 启示；揭 示 5.critic n. Person who evaluates and describes the quality of sth,esp works of art,literature,music,etc 批评家；评论家 6.sponsor n. Person who agrees to be responsible for sth; person who puts forward a preposal;sports eent, etc,usually in return for advertising 担保人；发起人； 赞助者 7. merchant n. Person who buys and sells goods in large quantities 商人 8.Burglar n. Person who breaks into houses,shops,etc in order to steal 窃贼 9.Sequence n. Order in which things or events follow one another 顺序；序列 10.Squirrel n. Small tree-climbing animal with long furry tail that eats nuts and also stores them for the winter 松鼠 一、写作中常用的几种定语从句 1．关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。 Actually, we can't succeed in everything that we try. (2014·福建高考满分作文) A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor.(2013·福建高考满分作文) 没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。 I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years (2011·福建高考满分作文) . Everyone of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills. (2014·辽宁高考满分作文)
模块简介 ☆主要应用：本模块主要考察引导词的应用,随着高考英语的改革,英语语法的考点也有所改变,现在主要应用在短文改错和语法填空中 ☆模块等级：本模块难度中等,学生的基础稍微弱一些也可以接受,基础弱的学生需要5-8课时（2h/课）不等,中等学生3课时（2h/课）可以基本掌握,基础好的学生1-2课时（2h/课）可以搞定 ☆知识分布：每节课需要先讲解10个高考重点词汇辨析,之后讲解语法知识,语法知识中的例句与练习题可以相应练习本堂课程中的重点词汇,从而达到复习的效果 ☆习题分布：习题包括08-14年高考题,辽宁省模拟题并且平均练习各个考点 ☆通关确保：本部分习题为课后作业,分为牛刀小试,略有所成,炉火纯青等不同难度的单项选择还包括语法填空与短文改错从而达到最高效的练习 ☆易混模块：本模块容易与名词性从句状语从句混淆,所以三大从句讲解完毕之后会配有知识点总结与 习题练习
定语从句 【知识清单】 【考点一】句子结构 简单句（只有一套主谓结构） （1）主.谓 I sleep. （2）主.谓.宾 I study English. （4）主.谓.间宾.直宾 He gave me anoffer. （3）主.谓.宾.宾补 He makes medelighted. （即双宾语结构） （人一般为间接宾语,物为直接宾语） （5）主.系.表 I am a teacher. 复合句（有两套或两套以上的主谓结构） The girl is beautiful. The girl has long hair. （1）并列句 ①表递进：and. not only...but also.... neither...nor... She not only dances well but also sings well. Neither do I know his address, nor do my parents. ②表选择：or. Either...or..... You can stay here ,or you can leave. Either you leave or I leave. ③表转折：but. Yet. Whereas(然而）. Some men are rich, whereas others are poor. He tried his best, but he failed. ④表因果：so. For. I must be off now, for my sister is waiting for me. I work hard, so I was able to pass the exam. （2）复合句 ①定语从句：The ∧ girl (who has long hair ）is beautiful. beautiful 划线部分作用相同,即定语从句起到形容词的作用 ②状语从句：(时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较) 一、定语从句的相关概念 合并为一句话
内容 基本要求 定语从句 （一） 1. 定义 2. 关系代词和关系副词 新概念二 第20课 动名词 定语从句 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as 等。 关系副词有：when, where, why 等。 如：The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. 我们昨天看到的那个女孩是吉姆的姐姐。 The fish (which) we bought yesterday were not fresh. 昨天我们买的那条鱼不新鲜。 1. 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。 如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that 在从句中作主语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which/of whom 互换) 如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which the ） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that 所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 如：The package （which / that ）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。 2. 关系副词引导的限制性定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 关系副词when, where, why 的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。 如：There are occasions when （on which ）one must yield. 第六讲 定语从句（一） 本讲内容 语法考点
定语从句在写作中的运用--教师
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定语从句在写作中的运用 根据所掌握的定语从句的知识，熟练地使用定语从句也是高考英语写作的一项基本要求。定语从句属于较为复杂的语法结构,根据内容要点在短文中适当地运用定语从句有助于提高写作的得分。 Ⅰ．合并句子 把下面各题中的句子合并为一个含有定语从句的主从复合句 1．a．Ｓeeing thｅse ｃhanｇes，we ｃａnｎot ｆorgeｔthem． b. Tｈey gavｅuｓｕnseｌｆish ｈelp when ｗｅwere in trouｂle． Seｅing thｅse ｃhａngeｓ, ｗe caｎｎot forｇeｔthoｓe whｏgavｅｕｓuｎselｆish ｈelｐｗｈｅn we wｅｒe in trｏuble. 2.a. I fｅel greatlｙhonｏred tｏhoｓｔthｅcoｎtest. b. The conteｓt iｓｓpｏｎsored by ｔhe Stｕdenｔs' Union. Ｉｆｅeｌgreatｌy hoｎoｒｅd to hｏｓt thｅcｏntｅst, whｉcｈis ｓponsｏreｄby thｅSｔuｄentｓ' Ｕnion. ３．a.Ｔheyｓent ｔhe eldｅrｌy somｅｆrｕｉts,cｌｅaｎｅd thｅr ｏomｓａｎd ｈad a gooｄchat wiｔh tｈem. ｂ.Thｅｅｌdeｒｌｙalｗayｓfeel lonｅlｙ. Ｔｈeyｓeｎｔthe ｅlderｌy ｗho aｌwａys fｅeｌlonｅly sｏmｅfｒ ｕitｓ，ｃleanｅd thｅroｏmsａnd had a gooｄｃhaｔｗith ｔheｍ. ４.ａ．The liｂｒary is nｏｔｆaｒｆｒｏm herｅ. b.Thｅwｒiter ｏften doｅs soｍe ｒeaｄｉng theｒe. Ｔhe ｌibｒarｙwhｅre the writｅr oｆｔen does someｒeａding is no ｔfar from here. 5.ａ．I’ve aｌｗaｙs lｏｎged fｏr ｔｈｅdays. b. I will ｂe ａｂle ｔｏbeｉndｅpendｅｎt then. Ｉ've ａlｗaｙs longed for tｈe ｄays when I wilｌbe ａbｌｅtｏbe iｎｄｅｐenｄent． II. 改写句子 “I ｓｅｅmany ruｎninｇcreａturｅs. Thｅｙare made oｆmｅtａl a ｎｄgｌａss．Their feｅt ａre ｒound. Ｔhey ｈavｅfouｒeｙｅs. Two of the four eyes are rｅｄ．InsiｄｅI ｓｅe soft sｈａｐes. Thｅy cａn mo ｖe.” I seｅmａny ruｎninｇcｒeatｕres ｗｈich ／that are made ｏf mｅtal and gｌａss. Thｅir feet aｒe ｒｏund and they hａve foｕr eyes, tｗｏo ｆwhｉch are reｄ．Inside I ｓee soft ｓｈaｐeｓthat cａｎmove．Our cｌass is a big ｆａmily ;Iｔconsistｓｏf 1２girｌs aｎd 50 boys. Moｓｔof tｈemａrｅmａinｌy from tｈe countryｓiｄe．Zhao Ｑｉang iｓａkｉnd－hｅａrted boy. Heｉs ａlｗayｓrｅadｙtoｈelp otheｒｓ. He is s
第1讲定语从句 [全国卷考情分析]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2019·石家庄检测一)A new teacher will teach you German will come here tomorrow. who[考查定语从句。从结构上看，空处是关系代词，修饰先行词A new teacher，指人，并且在从句中作主语，所以要用who。] 2．(2019·重庆第一次调研)The park offers visitors a sight of nature at majorities of people never have the chance to take a look.
which[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句中的“The park offers visitors a sight of nature”是主句，“at majorities...a look”是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作at的宾语，代指a sight of nature，故填which。] 3．(2019·江西五校第一次联考)The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment. that/which[考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material。] Ⅱ.单句改错 4．(2019·安徽师大附中测试)He thanked me and jumped quickly in his car and drove off，keeping the disabled parking space free for someone needed it. someone后加who[考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。] 5．(2019·吉林省吉大附中模拟)From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth. 在bridge后加that或which[分析句子结构可知，本句主语为I，谓语为have learnt，that引导宾语从句，作learnt的宾语，can serve为从句的谓语，与helps之间无词连接，由此可判断，bridge后为定语从句，先行词为bridge，指物，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导该从句。故在bridge后加that或which。] 6．(2019·江西名校联盟5月检测)One day，Margaret told me her grandma was coming and her parents would want my basement room back，what didn't surprise me. what→which[分析句子结构可知，应用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容，且在从句中作主语，what不能引导定语从句。] [要点解读] 1．关系代词的基本用法
2020届高三英语精准培优专练 培优点七定语从句 一、真题在线 1.【2019·江苏·单项选择】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为“an age”（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 2.【2018·江苏·单项选择】Self-driving is an area_______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个新领域，在这个领域里中国和世界其它国家在同一起跑线上。句中先行词为“area”，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。 3.【2019·天津·单项选择】Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中“she can say
定语从句在写作中的运用学生版 课后训练二 Ⅰ.把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句。 1．I’ve always longed for the days.I will be able to be independent then. 2．I have a friend.Her father is an engineer. 3．They planted the trees.The trees didn’t need much water. 4．This is the best method.It can be used against pollution. 5．They sent the elderly some fruits，cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them.The elderly always feel lonely. Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空 1．(2013·广东卷满分作文)Those ___________do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society. 2．(2013·广东卷满分作文)______ we all know，cleaning streets is one of the hardest work. 3．(2013·四川卷书面表达)My teacher advised me to repeat the materials several times and read them aloud，_________ they think will help improve my memory. 4．I will never forget the days_______ we worked in the small town. 5．She was educated at Beijing University，after________she went to have her advanced study abroad. Ⅲ.高考作文单句翻译(用定语从句) 1．(2012·江苏书面表达)为了避免这样的冲突，我们应该彼此友好，这对享受和谐生活是极其重要的。(which) 2．(2012·湖北短文写作)正如我们所知，书籍是知识的源泉。 3．(2012·安徽书面表达)最后但也是最重要的，物理老师是我的典范，他/她对我的影响与我的决定有很大关系。(whose) 4．(2012·辽宁书面表达)甚至过去不喜欢英语的学生，结果他们也对英语感兴趣了。(who) 5．(2012·新课标全国卷书面表达)我看到过你在网上张贴的夏令营通知，我对此很感兴趣。(that)
Step 1: 诊（定语从句基础知识） 1.A plane is a machine ___________can fly . 2.The car ____________my uncle bought last week was stolen. 3.The man_________is walking on the playground is my old friend. 4.The woman _________ you saw in the park is our English teacher . 5. I saw a woman _______bag was stolen. 6. The reason ______he was late was that he got up late. 7. I still remember the day _______I first came to Beijing. 8. It is an important day ________ I will never forget. 9. The park ______ they paid a visit to is beautiful. 10.His father, ________ works in Beijing, came back yesterday. 11. Shanghai, _______is in East China, is developing quickly. 12.My mother, ______ you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous. 13.He failed in the exam , _____ made his parents angry. 14._____ we had expected , he failed in the exam. Step 2: 学（回顾定从基础知识）P30 知识框架图思考以下问题 Q: What is the Attributive clause? Q:注意从句位置？翻译方法？定语从句要素有哪些？ Eg. She is a girl who lives next door. Q: 关系代词，关系副词有哪些？作用？ 关系代词： 主语宾语定语 人 物 关系副词：地点状语_____ 时间状语_____ 原因状语________ Step 3: 练 完成书上P30 真题精髓1-20题 Step 4：测 1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together. 2.I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together. 3.I went to the place______ I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late. 6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave. 能力提升： Join the following sentences: 1.A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. 2.The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. 3.一个叫做Tom的男孩___________ 4.教我们英语的老师_______________________ 5.昨天我妈妈给我的钱_____________ 6.矗立在河边的楼房_______________________ 7.一位皮包被偷了的女士___________ 8.我们在农场工作的开心日子________________ 9.她工作的地方___________________ 10.她没有教作业的原因_____________________