Unit2知识点梳理牛津上海版英语八年级上册

牛津上海试用版八年级英语第一学期U2知识点梳理☆词汇与词组检测☆

重要短语句型

☆词汇与词组拓展☆1.【学习】职业词汇

architect 建筑师 mechanic 机械师 engineer 工程师doctor 医生dentist 牙医surgeon 外科医生fireman 消防员 fisherman 渔夫 postman 邮递员

pilot 飞行员 astronaut 宇航员 sailor 水手

secretary 秘书 model 模特 detective 侦探

2.【学习】business

不可数名词：作“生意，贸易”解。如：The company has done _____business____ with many countries.

可数名词：作“公司”解。如：He worked for three big__businesses______.

on business 因事，因公

businessman n. (pl. businessmen) 商人；生意人

The _______businessman____ is busy with his __business________.

3.【学习】sale n. 销售，出售

The sale s of this drink have increased a lot.

sale还有大减价的意思：The shoe shop is having a sale this week.

on sale出售，上市，减价

4.【学习】achieve v. （凭长期努力）达到（某目标）

Tony ____achieves____ great success in the end.

【拓展】achievement n. 成就

achieve one’s purpose/aim/goal 达到目标

achieve success 成功

5.【学习】次数的表达

Once, twice 一次，两次

three times, four times… 三次以上使用times进行搭配

提问次数，要用How many times

提问频率，用How often

6.【词组】be responsible for sth. / to sb. 对……负责

1 He must be __responsible_________ for me this matter.

2 Who should ______a__ the lead poisoning (铅中毒) children in Fengyang, Shanxi Province?

A. responsible for

B. be responsible for

C. responsible to

D. be responsible to

【拓展】response n. 回答，反应

responsibility n. 责任，可信赖性

7.【拓展】fail---failure n. 失败

常见词组：

fail an exam 考试不及格

fail in the Maths test 数学测验不及格

fail to do 没能做成什么事

fail to wash dishes 没洗碗

Tom was still on his way to school, because he failed to catch the first bus.

☆词汇辨析☆

1.【辨析】simple与easy

simple所指的“简单”除了表示“不困难的”之外，还可以表示“单一的，不复杂的，不引起麻烦的”，而easy一般只表示“不困难的”。

This is an __easy____book.

He lives a ___simple______ life.

Life was quiet and ____easy_____.

2.【辨析】very和too的辨析

very表示程度高：很，非常

too暗示否定：太

The problem is ____very___ difficult for me.这道题对我来说很难。（但没到解不出的地步）The problem is ___too___ difficult for me.这道题对我来说太难了。（我解不出）

3.【辨析】every day与everyday

Every day是副词，意为“每天”，表示动作的时间；

everyday是形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，后面必须接被修饰的名词。

John goes to bed at midnight _____Every day______.

He shows us a great, moving picture of ___everyday______life and _everyday__________people.

4.【辨析】attend, take part in, join与enter for

这四个单词或短语都有“参加”的意思。

attend一般指出席某种正式场合，如参加会议；

take part in往往指参加某种活动；

join指加入某一组织或团体；

enter for指报名参加某种比赛项目

5.【辨析】continue to do sth与continue doing sth/ stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth

前者指的是做A这件事的过程中插入了B这件事，做完B后再继续将A完成；后者指的是在某件事已经做了一部分的基础上继续做下去，并未有第二件事情的插入。

6.【辨析】put on, wear, dress，in, with

put on 穿，戴衣物（强调动作）反义词take off

wear 穿，戴衣物（强调状态）

dress sb. 给某人穿衣

be dressed in… 穿着……

in 接颜色名词

with 表示穿戴的状态，作定语，多跟眼镜、手套之类的名词搭配使用

7.【辨析】work on sth. “on”表示工作的对象

work on my games 给我的游戏编程/work on my maths problems 解数学题

work on a computer 使用电脑/work on computer science 学计算机科学

work on继续工作

work as 担任（某项职务）

work out 计算出

work for 为……工作

work at 从事，致力于

8.【辨析】must be 一定是（对现在的肯定推测）can’t be 不可能是（对现在的否定推测）

may be 可能是，不太肯定

9.【辨析】return sth. to sb.和return to sp.

return sth. to sb. =give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还某人return to a place回到（某地）=go/come back to a place

10.【学习】assist v. 帮助----- assistant n. 助手

【常用搭配】assist sb. with sth.

assist sb. to do sth.

assist sb. in doing sth.

1. 常见的频度副词

always ---- all the time 总是

usually/ often ------ many times 经常

sometimes ------ less than often, more than seldom 有时seldom ------ not many times 很少

never -------at no time 从不

2. 位置

放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。

3.用how often 来询问动作所发生的频率

时间状语（once a week, every day, etc.）常位于句首或句末。