定语从句之关系代词用法及专项练习
定语从句之关系代词用法及专项练习
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定语从句一
(关系代词的用法）
一．定语从句概念
1. 定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。
关系词有关系＿＿___＿__: 有____＿＿，＿＿_____ ，______,___＿＿_＿, ＿＿＿__＿_＿_, _______等；
关系____＿__＿: 有___＿＿_,____＿_＿, ＿＿＿＿_＿等。
关系词常有3个作用:
①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中充当一个成分。
注意:根据先行词与定语从句之间有无逗号隔开,定语从句分为限制性和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句
形式不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开
删除后意思仍完整
意义是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除是对先行
词的补充说明
译法翻译成先行词的定语,“…的…”通常翻译成主句的并列句
限制性定语从句举例：
(１）The ｔｅaｃher tｏｌd me ｔhaｔＴom was theｏnly person thatＩcouｌd depend on.
(2) China is ａｃountry ｗhich has a ｌoｎg hiｓtｏry.
非限制性定语从句举例:
(1) His moｔheｒ, whｏｌｏvｅｓhiｍvｅry much, is sｔrictｗith him．
(2) Cｈina, whiｃｈwas fｏｕnded in １９4９，is becoｍinｇｍｏrｅand morｅpｏwerful.
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同
（1) His brｏtｈｅr wｈo is ｎoｗ a ｄoctor always eｎcｏurages hiｍto gｏto cｏllegｅ.
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥)
(2）His brｏthｅr, ｗｈo is nｏｗa ｄｏctｏr, aｌways eｎcourages hiｍtｏｇoｔo c ｏｌlｅge.
他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。(他只有一个哥哥）
二.引导定语从句的关系代词
1. whｏ指____＿_，在从句中充当_＿_______
(1) Tｈe ｂoyｓwho aｒｅpｌaying fooｔｂaｌｌaｒe ｆrｏｍClass One．
(2)ＹｅsterdaｙI hｅlped ａn ｏlｄman who lost ｈis wａy.
(3）Ｉn tｈe meeting I sａｗMr. SmiｔｈｗhoＩmet in mｙbirtｈｄay party.
２.ｗhom指_＿＿＿_＿＿,在定语从句中充当_______，常可省略。
(1) Ｍｒ. Liu is the ｐerson (wｈom) ｙou tａlkeｄabout oｎtｈe bｕs.
(２) Mr. Ling iｓjuｓｔthe boｙwｈｏｍI want tｏsee.
注意:关系代词wｈｏm在口语和非正式语体中常用wｈo代替，可省略。
(3) The ｍan ｗｈo/wｈｏｍyou mｅtｊust now is ｍy frieｎd.
3. ｗｈich指＿_____，在定语从句中做＿_＿___或者_＿_＿_＿_，做______＿时可省略
(1) Ｆootball is a gamｅwｈich iｓlｉkｅd bｙｍost ｂoys．
(2) Ｔhｉs ｉs tｈe ｐen (which) he boｕght ｙｅstｅｒday.
４. that指人时,相当于____＿_或者__＿__＿＿;指物时，相当于__＿____。在定语从句中做＿_____或者_______,做_＿_＿＿_＿时可省略。
（５) The nuｍbeｒof tｈe peopleｔhaｔ/ｗhoｃome ｔo ｖisｉt the city eacｈyear risesｏne milliｏｎ.
（6) Wｈeｒe iｓthe ｍan thaｔ/whoｍI sａw this moｒning?
5. wｈose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做_＿＿___＿＿
(1) Ｈe ｈａs a fｒienｄwｈｏseｆaｔheｒｉs a doctor.
(2)I once liｖeｄin a housｅｗｈoｓｅroof haｓfalleｎin.
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroｏm whose dｏｏr iｓbrokenｗill soon be ｒepaireｄ．
= Ｔhe clａｓｓroom，ｔhe ｄoor of which is broken ｗill sｏon ｂe repａirｅd.
＝The claｓsｒoom, ofｗｈiｃｈthe doｏr ｉs brokｅn will soｏn bｅｒepａｉr ｅd．
【详细讲解】
Ⅰ．关系代词thaｔ和ｗｈich的用法
（一) 限制性定语从句只能用ｔhat的几种情况:
1．当先行词是anｙｔhing，eveｒｙthinｇ,nothｉng (somethinｇ除外), feｗ,all, none，litｔle, some等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, alｌ, sｏme，no，liｔtle, fｅw, mucｈ等修饰时
(1）Hａve yoｕtaken ｄown evｅryｔhｉｎg that Mr．Ｌiｈas sａid?
(２）Thｅrｅseeｍs to ｂe nothｉng thａｔseems ｉmposｓibｌe fｏｒhim in ｔｈe ｗoｒld.
(3）All tｈat ｃanｂe doｎe has bｅen done.
(４) Ｔhｅre iｓliｔｔle thaｔI ｃanｄo for yoｕ．
２．当先行词被序数词修饰
(1) The firsｔｐｌace that thｅｙvisiｔed iｎLonｄｏn ｗas ｔhe BiｇBen.
3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
(１)Thｉｓis ｔhe bｅst fｉｌm ｔhaｔI havｅseen．
4. 当形容词被the vｅry,the oｎly,juｓｔ修饰时
(１) This iｓthe very dictionａｒｙtｈat Ｉｗaｎt tｏbuy,
(2) Afteｒthe fｉrｅｉn his hｏuse, tｈe old car ｉs the only thinｇｔhat ｈｅowｎｅd.
5．当先行词前面有who, whｉch等疑问代词时
(1）Who iｓthe maｎｔhａｔiｓstａnding tｈeｒe?
(2) Whｉｃhｉs the T－shiｒt tｈat fits me moｓt?
6. 当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时
(１) Can you rｅmember the scientist ａnd his thｅory ｔhat ｗｅｈave lｅaｒned?
(二) 当先行词指事／物时，定语从句中关系代词必须用whｉch的情况:
1.在非限制性定语从句中，只用whiｃh
(１) Heleｎwas ｍｕch kｉnｄeｒtｏheｒyoｕngest sonｔｈan to thｅotheｒｓ, whｉch mａdeｔhe others envｙhim．
(2) He aｌways stays ａt hｏmｅaｔｗeekeｎd, whｉｃh ｈis bｒother thinks iｓunbelｉe ｖable.
２．当动词短语中的介词提前时,只用wｈich
(1)Ｔhis is a houｓeｉn whicｈLu Ｘｕn oｎce ｌived.
注意：在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割,因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。
(2) This is tｈe pen ｗhich(/ｔhaｔ) Ｉ’m lｏｏking for.
(三）关系代词who,wｈｏm和wｈosｅ的用法
1. 先行词指人,在从句中作主语时，用whｏ;
(1) She is the girｌwhｏ/ｔｈat lives neｘt door.
2．当先行词为thｏse时，用wｈo；
(２) Tｈose who will ｊoin ｉn my birtｈday ｐartｙａreｍｙbｅsｔfriends.
３. 在Therｅｂｅ句型中主语作为先行词指人时,用who;
(3）Ｔhere is ａgreａｔmａn wｈo ｓavｅd hiｓcountry wｉtｈhis partners.
４．先行词指人,在从句中作宾语时,可以用whom和wｈo;
(４) Thａｔ’ｓthe giｒl ｗｈom／wｈｏ/ｔｈat I teach．
５.在定语从句中做定语时,用whoｓｅ。
(５)This iｓtｈe ｓｃiｅntist ｗｈoｓe achｉevｅmｅnts arｅwell knoｗｎ.
(6) This iｓtｈe hoｕse whoｓe wｉnｄoｗbroke ｌａst niｇhｔ.
Ⅱ. 关系代词aｓ引导的定语从句
关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句,ａs在从句中做主语、宾语或表语。
(一) 引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：
1.suｃｈ+ 名词＋as…像……一样的,像……之类的
thｅｓaｍe + 名词+as…和……同样的
其中关系代词ａs在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
(1) We ｈave ｆounｄsｕch matｅｒials as are ｕseｄiｎtｈeｉｒfａctory.
(2)Thｅse hoｕseｓare solｄat suｃh a low pｒiｃe as peｏple expected．
(3) Hｅis notｔhｅsame man asｈe was ten yeａrsａgo.
注意：ｓucｈ…as…引导的定语从句与ｓuｃh…thａt…引导的状语从句的区别:
(１)He iｓsuch a clever boy as eｖｅrｙone lｉkeｓ.
(２) He is such a cleｖer boｙｔｈａt eveｒyone likesｈim.
2.…suchａｓ…
such为代词，意为“这样的人或物”；as在从句中作成分,修饰先行词sｕch。
(１) This book iｓｎot such as I expｅct.
(二）关系代词aｓ和whiｃh引导的定语从句的区别
ａｓ和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是:
1.ａs和ｗｈicｈ都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
(１)He marrieｄheｒ, as/whiｃh was natural.
(2）He waｓｈonesｔ，as/ｗhiｃh wｅcan see.
２.as引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句;as 有“正如……，正像……”的意思
whｉch引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。意为“这一点”。
（１) As is known ｔo alｌ, China is a devｅｌopiｎｇcｏunｔrｙ.
（２)Hｅis from the south, aｓwe cａn see ｆrom his acceｎt.
(3) John, ａs you kｎow, is a famous ｗrｉｔer.
(４) He ｈas beｅn to Paris ｍore thaｎsevｅral times，whiｃh I don’t beｌieve.
注意:当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用ｗhich；
（5) Tom ｗas alwayｓｌａtｅｆor schｏoｌ, whicｈmade his teachｅr angry.
当非限制性定语从句的宾语是一个复合结构时,只能用whicｈ。
(6) Ｂetty alwaｙs tells ａlie,wｈiｃｈheｒｐaｒeｎｔs fｉｎd strangｅ.
3. 当先行词受suｃh, thｅsame修饰时,常用ａｓ
(1) Iｈａve neｖer hｅard ｓuｃh a story asｈe teｌlｓ．
(2）He iｓnot sucｈ a fool as ｈeｌｏoｋs.
（3）Thｉs ｉｓthｅsamｅbｏokａs I losｔlaｓt week.
注意:当先行次由thｅsａmｅ修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同
(4) Ｓｈe wｏrｅtｈe saｍe ｄress ｔhat she wore at Marｙ’s weddinｇ.
她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
(5）Ｓhe wｏrｅtｈe sameｄress as her young ｓｉster wore．她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
专项练习１
用thａt, which, wｈｏ，whom,whｏｓe, ａｓ填空
1．Ｉs there anyｔｈinｇ__＿_＿___ you dｏn’ｔundｅrstand about tｈe pｒoｂlem?
２.Ａｌl ｔhe prｅsents __＿_＿___＿youｒfｒｉenｄs gａve you on yｏur bｉrｔｈｄａｙshould ｂｅpｕt awａｙ．
3. Ｔhe nuｍｂｅｒoｆｐeoｐlｅ＿__＿＿_＿＿lｏst hｏｍｅｓrｅａｃｈeｄas many as 25０,００0.
4. He was lａte ｆor the opeｎinｇｃeremｏｎｙ，__＿______ ｗａs ver ｙsｕｒpｒising to me.
５．Tｈosｅ___＿__＿__ cut ｄown ｔhe trｅｅs sｈouｌｄbｅpunishｅd．
6.Ｔｈiｓｉs sｏintｅresｔｉng a booｋ_＿______we ａlｌlikｅ.
7. Ｈe ｇａve ｍｅｓｏmｅnｏvｅｌs ｗｉth __＿＿____ Ｉaｍｎot ｖｅｒyｆamiliar.
8. There are manｙcｈiｌdｒeｎ_____＿__aｒｅplayinｇｔｏｙs on the plａygrouｎd.
９．He is no longer theｏne ＿_＿______ｈe usｅｄto be．
10. Ｔhe rｉｖer ___＿_＿＿_ banks are cｏｖered ｗith trees ｆloｗs to thｅｓｅa.
１１.Jack ｈａs woｎｔhe first priｚe, _＿__＿＿__ oftｅｎhａｐpens.
12. The worst matteｒ___＿__＿_Ｉ’m ａfrａid oｆhapｐｅned in ｔhe end.
13. Hｅfailed ｔｏmakｅhis ｐlan on ｔime,which ｗas strａnge ｆoｒhis bosｓ.
14．Ｔhｉs iｓthe ｖery ｂooｋ________ Ｉｈave been looking ｆor.
15. Thiｓteacheｒ, wiｔh__＿___＿__ｓｏn Ｉwｏrｋ, iｓlikｅｄby alｌthe ｓtudents.
仿写练习
组句:将下面句子连成一句话。
1．A planｅis a maｃｈｉne. Thｅmachｉnｅcaｎfly.
________＿＿＿＿＿__＿＿_＿_＿________________＿____＿_______＿___＿_________
2．Ｔhe girｌis Maｒｙ.Wｅsaw heｒyｅｓteｒday.
________＿＿_＿__＿＿_＿__＿_＿___＿_＿__＿_____＿__＿__＿__＿＿＿＿_______＿__＿＿＿_
３．She was tａlｋｉnｇwith a laｄy. Hｅr ｓon wａs ilｌ.
____＿_＿___＿＿_______＿_＿____＿__＿________＿___＿＿_____________＿______
4. Tｈe clotheｓｈavｅbeeｎcｌeaned. I’ｍｗeａring them.
_＿＿_＿_______＿_____________＿_____＿_＿_＿_＿_________＿__＿__＿_＿_____＿_
5. He is ｓitting iｎa chair. Ｉt iｓbｒokeｎ.
_______＿__＿_____＿＿＿_______＿___＿____＿＿_＿___＿_＿___＿＿______________
强化训练
把下列中文用定语从句翻译成英文。
１. 他在中国参观的第一个博物馆是历史博物馆。
_＿_＿＿___＿___＿__＿____＿__＿_________________＿_＿____________＿_______
2. 你有任何关于这个主题的信息都发给我吧。
_＿__＿___＿＿_＿_＿＿_＿____＿_______＿__＿_____＿__＿___＿＿__________＿__＿__＿
3. 不到长城非好汉。
_＿_____＿__＿＿__＿_______＿＿__＿___＿__________＿_____＿＿___＿__＿＿_＿_____
4. 那条两边都是树的河一直流向海洋。
_____＿_＿___＿__＿_________＿__＿_＿___＿_＿_＿＿____＿＿_＿＿＿＿__＿_＿_____＿_＿＿
５.妈妈给我买了台电脑作为生日礼物,这正是我所渴望的。
____________＿＿___＿_______＿________＿______＿__＿＿______________＿＿＿_
6. 掌握一门外语很有用, 这是大家公认的。
_＿__＿__＿___＿__＿＿__＿＿_____________________＿_＿__＿＿___＿_＿____＿_＿__＿
定语从句二
(介词+关系代词的用法)
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词＋关系代词引导
(１）Thｅschool （ｔhaｔ/which）he once sｔｕdieｄｉn is veｒy famou ｓ.
(2）The school in ｗhich he ｏnce sｔudied ｉs ｖｅrｙfａmoｕs.
（3)TomoｒroｗI ｗｉll ｂring heｒe ａmａgａzine (that/whｉch) you asked for.
(4) Tomoｒｒow I will brｉnｇhｅre ａｍagａzｉneｆoｒwhｉｃｈyou askeｄ.
(5) Ｗe’lｌgoｔo ｈｅar tｈe ｆａmous sｉnger （whｏｍ／ｔhaｔ/wｈo) we ｈａve ｏften tａlkedａbout.
(６）We’ｌｌｇｏｔo hear the famoｕｓsingｅrａbout ｗhom we ha ｖe ofｔen talｋｅd.
注意:1．含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如:loｏk foｒ,look aftｅｒ,ｔake care of等
(１)Thiｓis thｅwａtch whｉch/that I aｍlｏokinｇfor.(T)
(２) This ｉｓthｅｗatch forｗhiｃh I am ｌooking. (F)
２. 若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者tｈat；指物时用which，不能用ｔｈat;关系代词是所有格时用ｗhoｓe.
（１)Ｔhｅman with whｏm ｙｏu tａｌked ｉs my ｆrｉend．（T) （２）The maｎｗho／ｔhat ｙoｕtaｌkeｄwith is my frienｄ.(Ｆ）(３) The plane ｉn which ｗe fleｗｔo Canada iｓvｅry ｃomｆｏrtａｂle. (T）
(4)Ｔhｅplane in thaｔwe fleｗin to Canada is ｖｅry coｍfｏrtabｌe. (Ｆ) （５) Ｔoｍ, on whoｓｅbｉkｅI ｗent to ｓｃhooｌis a ｆｒienｄof miｎe. (T)
3．“介词＋关系代词”前可有some，ａny, nonｅ, botｈ, all, neiｔher,mｏ
ｓt,eaｃh,feｗ等代词或者数词
（1)Ｈｅlｏved hｉｓparenｔs ｄeeply, ｂoｔh of whｏm areｖｅry kｉnd to him．
(2) Ｉn ｔhe baｓkｅt thereａre quiｔe many aｐpleｓ，some ｏf ｗhich haｖe goｎe bad.
(3) Thｅｒe are fortｙsｔudｅｎｔsｉn ouｒｃlａss in ａlｌ, most ｏf ｗhom aｒｅｆｒom bｉg citｉes.
4.“复合介词短语+关系代词ｗhicｈ”引导的定语从句,这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开,定语从句常用倒装语序。
Hｅｌived iｎａｂigｈoｕsｅ, in fｒｏnt ｏf whｉｃh stooｄa big ｔall ｔree．
总结:判断介词的方法有以下三种:
(1)看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配）
(2)先行词放在从句中需不需要添介词
(3)通过整个句子整体含义来判断
专项练习 2
用”介词+关系代词”填空
1．Thｅｙhelｄａmeeｔiｎg, ___＿______＿__ the hosｐｉtaｌdｉrector made a speech.
2.The book, _____＿_＿____ hｅｐaid 6 yuan, is woｒth rｅadｉng. ３. Is this thｅｍaｎ_____＿_＿___ hｏuse thｅpｏｌｉcｅｆounｄthe ｌost cｏlｏured TV？
4.WｕDoｎg, ＿_＿____＿____ Ｉwｅnt ｔｏthe ｃonceｒｔ, enjoyｅd iｔvｅry much.
5. Tｈe stｏries aboｕt Ｌong March,＿__＿___＿__ this is ｏne exａｍｐle, are ｗｅｌl wｒitten.
单项选择
6.Do yoｕkｎｏw wｈo lｉves iｎｔhe bｕilｄinｇ＿＿＿_______ theｒｅis a weｌl？
A. in frｏnｔof it
B. in frｏｎt of ｗhｏse
C.in fronｔoｆwｈicｈＤ．in froｎt which
7. Tｈe woｍan ____＿＿＿_ｍy bｒother spoke ｊｕｓt now is my teaｃheｒ.
Ａ．ｗho Ｂ．to whom C. tｏwho D. ｗhom
8. Hisｇlasses, ＿＿__＿＿_＿he was likｅa blind maｎ, felｌｔｏthe ground and broｋe．
A. whｉcｈB．with whｉch Ｃ. witｈoｕtｗｈich Ｄ.thaｔ
9.I ｈａve boｕgｈt tｗo ballpｅnｓ，＿________ ｗriteｓｗell.
A. nonｅof whiｃh Ｂ.neither of whｉch
C．ｎone ｏf them Ｄ．neitheｒofｔhem
10. The Secｏｎd World Ｗar _____＿millionｓｏf peoｐｌｅwere kilｌed was in 1945.
A．during wｈich B. iｎthat C．where Ｄ. on whｉｃh
1１. RecentlyＩｂoｕght an anｃient Cｈinese vasｅ, __＿__＿__ was ｖeｒｙｒeasoｎable．
Ａ．ｗhichｐricｅ B. tｈe ｐriｃe ofｗhiｃh
Ｃ．itｓprice D．ｔhｅｐriｃｅof whose
12.Ｔhe ｄictｉｏnarｙ, _＿___＿_＿_ Ｉpaid 80 ｄollarｓ,ｗａｓｓtoｌｅn.
A．ｗhich B．that C. for ｗｈicｈ D.to whicｈ
１3. GrａnｄmａLｉaｎg haｓtwｏsons，__＿_____＿arｅsoldｉerｓ.
A. two ｏf wｈom Ｂ. whom C. botｈof ｗhom
D. ｏne oｆthem
14.He arrｉvｅｄｈａｌｆan ｈour latｅ，＿___＿_＿_maｄe use unhappy.
A.ｔhat
B.ａs C．ｗｈat Ｄ．whi ｃｈ
15．Jane，___＿_＿_＿_＿sisters arｅfaｍｏus ｍｏｄelｓin thｅworlｄ, will attｅnd the ｉｍportaｎt cerｅｍony.
A. wiｔh ｗho
B. wｉｔh ｗhicｈ
C.with whｏｍ
D. with whoｓe
仿写练习
用介词+关系代词的形式把下列句子翻译成英文。
1．Ｊim是我的外教,从他身上我学到了很多有用的东西。
_＿____＿__＿____＿＿_＿_＿___＿_＿__＿_＿＿_＿__＿_____＿___＿___＿__＿＿＿____＿＿__
2．我喜欢窗子朝南的房子。
___＿________＿＿_＿＿＿＿___＿_＿＿＿_＿_____＿＿_______＿__＿＿__＿__＿＿___＿_＿＿__
３.他给了我几本我不太熟悉的歌曲。
＿___＿_＿_＿_______＿__＿_＿＿___________＿__＿______＿________＿_____＿＿___
4.中国有许多大河流,其中长江和黄河是最重要的河流。
___＿___＿__＿__＿＿____＿________＿___＿____＿_＿_______＿______＿_________
5．他有两个兄弟，没有一个是教师。
__＿___＿_____________＿＿＿___＿____________＿_______________＿_＿____＿_
综合强化训练
1.It is by no ｍeanｓclｅaｒ＿_____ the pｒｅｓｉdent caｎdo to eｎd tｈｅｓｔｒikｅ．
A．ｗhｏ B. whiｃh C.that D.as
2. Ｉwish to tｈank Proｆessor Sｍith，ｗｉthｏut__＿_＿___he ｌｐＩwould nevｅr hａve got tｈis far.
A. whｏ
B. wｈｏsｅ
C.whoｍ
D. thaｔ
3．Mariａhas writｔen two nｏvels,botｈｏf __＿＿_____ｈave b ｅｅｎmade iｎtｏｔelｅvｉsioｎseｒｉｅs.
Ａ. thｅｍ B. that C.ｗhich D. as
4.The ａir qｕalityｉn ｔhe citｙ, ＿__＿_＿__ ｉｓshowｎiｎt ｈe reｐort, ｈas improｖeｄoverｔhe pａst two monｔhｓ．
A. thaｔ
B.it
C.asＤ. wｈaｔ
5. Mrs.Lee wｉll move ｉnto the ｎew ｈouｓe nｅxｔMonday,
___＿＿___ it wiｌl be compleｔely finisｈｅd.
A.ｂy ｗhｉｃh time Ｂ.by thaｔtime C. ｂy tｈiｓtimｅ D. ｂyｔhe time
6. Ｈe iｓsｕch a lovely ｓtuｄent _______ everyone loves.
A．as B. who C. thａｔ D. ｗhｏm
7. The stｕdｅnt that ｔeachｅr thｉnks beｓt plａyed ｔｒuanｔ(逃学）yesｔｅrday,_＿_＿＿＿__ maｄｅtｈｅteaｃherｖery disappointeｄ.
Ａ．as B. tｈａt C. which D. who
8.Havｅyｏu seｅn the ｂｏok _＿__＿__＿ｉs yｅllow?
Ａ．the coｖer of it B. ｗｈｉch coveｒ
C．the ｃover of whｉch D. whicｈ’s cｏｖｅr
9.＿＿___＿iｓｋnｏwｎto usａll ｔhａt Ｃhｉnａhａｓtｈe largｅsｔｐoｐulａtion in the worｌd.
A. Aｓ
B.WｈichＣ. That Ｄ. Ｉt
10. Eｌlｅn was painter ｏｆbirｄｓanｄof naｔure, ＿____＿, forｓome reasoｎ,hａd wiｔhｄrawn froｍａll ｈｕman socieｔy．A．which B. who Ｃ.ｔhat D.ｗhoｍ
1１. Careｏf thｅsoｕl is a gｒａｄｕａl pｒoｃesｓ___＿_＿eｖen tｈe small details oｆlife shouｌdｂe cｏnsidｅreｄ.
Ａ．tｈａt B. ｉn thaｔ C. which D. ｉnｗhich
12．Ａlot oｆlaｎgｕaｇe leａrninｇ, ＿___＿_ haｓbeen ｄiscovered，is happeｎing in thｅfirst ｙear of ｌiｆｅ,so parents ｓhould talk much to their chｉlｄｒeｎduｒing tｈaｔpｅrioｄ.
A. aｓ
B. it
C. which
D. this
１3. Wｈeｎｄeeply absorbed in woｒk,_______ he oｆteｎwas，he wｏuld fｏｒget aｌl about eating or sleepｉng.
A. thａt
B. ｗhich Ｃ. wｈｏ D. whaｔ
１4. In ouｒclass therｅaｒe 46 sｔuｄentｓ,_____＿＿＿ｈalf were glasses.
A. iｎｗhｏm
B. ｉn tｈｅm Ｃ. of ｗhｏm D.of tｈeｍ
15. Ｈave you ｓent ｔhank－ｙou notｅｓtｏｔｈe rｅlativeｓｆrｏm_______ ｙoｕreceｉved ｇiｆtｓ?
A．which B. tｈeｍ C. thaｔＤ．w ｈom
16.Tｈe pｒize will gｏtｏthe wｒiteｒ___＿＿__ stｏｒyｓｈows the most imａgiｎａtion.
Ａ. wｈat B. that C.whiｃｈＤ. whose 17. Ted came for thｅwｅekｅnd weaｒiｎg onlyｓoｍｅshorts an ｄａT-shｉrt, ＿__＿＿＿__ is a stupiｄtｈiｎg to doｉn ｓucｈweａtｈeｒ．
A. ｔhｉs
B. ｔhaｔＣ. whiｃｈＤ．ｗhosｅ
18.Ｔhe old ｔown haｓnarrｏw ｓtreeｔs ａｎd small houses ＿___＿＿＿_ are bｕilｔclose tｏｅaｃh ｏther.
A. tｈey
B. thaｔ
C. as
D. in whｉch
19.She ｓhｏwed tｈｅviｓitoｒs arounｄthe mｕseuｍ, tｈe coｎｓｔrｕｃtｉon ___＿_＿_ hａｄtakｅn more thａn thrｅe ｙears．
A. forｗhｉｃh B．ｗith whｉch C．of ｗhｉch Ｄ. to whiｃh
20.Chiｌdｒｅn wｈｏaｒe not active or__＿__＿_＿_ ｄiet isｈighｉn fａt wiｌｌgain weiｇhtｑuicklｙ．
Ａ. wｈat B. which C．thaｔ D. whose 21.Theｓettlｅｍeｎt is hｏｍe tｏnｅarly １，０00peoｐlｅ, mａny ｏf_______ left theｉr vｉlｌaｇｅhｏmｅs for a better life iｎthe city.
Ａ. ｗｈom B. whｉch C．thｏｓｅ D. them
22．I’ve become ｇｏod frｉenｄs with sｅverａl oｆtｈe studenｔs ｉｎmｙschｏol _＿＿_＿_＿Ｉmeｔin tｈe Engliｓh speｅch co ｎtest lasｔｙear.
A. whoＢ．whosｅC．ｗhicｈＤ. whｅre
23.Ｇun ｃontｒolｉs aｓuｂjeｃt ____＿__＿＿Amｅricanｓhａvｅarｇuedｆor a lonｇtｉmｅ.
A．of ｗhich B. witｈｗhich C. abｏuｔwhicｈD．into whiｃｈ
2４. The hoｕse I grew uｐ＿＿___＿＿_＿_ haｓｂeen taｋen doｗn and ｒｅｐlaｃeｄｂy an officｅbuildinｇ.
Ａ．iｎit B．ｉｎＣ. in thａｔ D. iｎｗhiｃｈ
２5. Thｅｍａn pｕlled out a goｌd watｃh, _＿_＿_＿___ wｅre made of small dｉａmonｄｓ．
A. the ｈands oｆwｈom B．whom ｔhe hands of
C. ｗhicｈｔhe hands oｆ
D. ｔhｅhaｎds oｆwｈｉch
初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词
定语从句讲解及练习 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom. 例：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1,只能使用that,不用which 的情况： (1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：All that he said is true. (2)先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret. (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book (that) I have read this year. (5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered. 2,只用which不用that的情况： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：The boy,who is good at soccer,comes from Xinjiang. That necklace,which you gave me as a present,was lost yesterday.
定语从句讲解关系代词的用法
Unit 1《school life 》 Grammar （1） 定语从句(Attributive Clause) Ⅰ 根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语 Ⅱ 定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词. 定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作a blonde girl ，a girl with blonde hair 或a girl who has blonde hair 。定语从句通常由关系代词that/ which/ who/ whom/ which/ as 或关系副词when/ where/ why 引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词, 又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素 1. You are the right man whom we are looking for. 2. I’ve spent all the money that was given by my parents. 3. I will never forget the day when I joined the party. 4. This is the factory where the machines are made. 前置定语 后置定语 my book a holiday of seven days a seven-day holiday something important a good holiday a country developing fast a toy factory a book written by Lu Xun a developing country a book to be published a developed country a book which was written by J.K. Rowling 1先行词（名词或代词） 2关系词 3关系词在从句中充当成分 relative pron. (as sub. ,obj. ,pred.) (that 指人或物 / which 指物 / who(m) 指人/ whose) This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling. relative adv. (as adverbial) (when / where / why) Ⅲ 定语从句的必备三要素
that关系代词用法-定语从句
that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： 注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 7. 先行词为数词时。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： 二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： 2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如： 另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：
定语从句之关系代词
定语从句I 关系代词 定义：在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 基本构成：先行词+关系间+定语从句。 先行词：它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 关系词：连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有when, where, why等。 一、关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。 Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。(作主语) Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语) 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。 Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。(作宾语) 3.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表"所属"关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。 I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake. 我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。(作定语) 4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 习惯上指人多用who, whom，指物多用which. The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语) The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers. 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
定语从句讲解关系代词的用法
Un itl 《 school life 》 Grammar (1) 定语从句(AttributiveClause) I根据初中所学知识，请用红笔标出下列表格中的定语 定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例如：金发女孩可译作abl on degirl， agirlwithbl on dehair 或agirlwhohasblo ndehair。定语从句通常由关系代词 that/which/who/whom/which/as 或关系副词when/where/why 引导，这些词既指代主句中要说明的名词或代词，又充当从句中的某个句子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 川定语从句的必备三要素 1先行词(名词或代词) | relativepr on. (assub.,obj.,pred.) 2关系词 (that 指人或物/which 指物/who(m)指人/whose) 3关系词在从 句中充当成分ativeadv. (asadverbial) (whe n/where/why) 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要素 1.Youaretherightmanwhomwearelookingfor. 2.I ' vespentallthemoneythatwasgivenbymyparents. 3.Iwillneverforgettheday whenljoinedtheparty.
定语从句中关系代词的用法
定语从句中关系代词的用法 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词(定语从句所修饰的词)之后。定语从句由关系词来引导，关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：1)引导定语从句；2)代替先行词；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。如：The car which my unele had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake．句中which my uncle had just bought 是定语从句，修饰先行词the car；which是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the car，在定语从句中作宾语。 表一：关系代词的用法 表二：用which不用that的情况
表三：只用that不用which的情况(先行词是物) 表四：关于as引导的定语从句 2．有时候当先行词是表示时间、地点的词时，却不用when／where而用that／which引导。这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就可用that(which)，否则可用where。 例如：I will remember the days that／which we spent together． 我会永远记住我们一起度过的日子。
This is the factory that／which you visited yesterday． 这就足你昨天参观的工厂。 3．way作先行词时，关系代词的使用： I don’t like the way(that／in which)he treats his parents． 我不喜欢他对待父母的方式。 4. that引导定语从句与名词性从句的不同： The news that he told us is true．(定语从句) 他告诉我们的新闻是真的。 The news that our team has won is encouraging．(同位语从句) 我们队胜利的消息真令人振奋。 That he has won the first prize surprised everybody．(主语从句) 他获得一等奖的消息令每一个人都惊奇了。 My idea is that you shut the factory．(表语从句) 我的观点就是你应该关闭这家工厂。 He said that he was going to leave．(宾语从句) 他说他打算离开这里。
定语从句关系代词和关系副词辨析
先观察下面各句，尝试总结一下红色部分的用法。 Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA? 你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗？ 2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down. 他效力了20年的那个工厂倒闭了。 3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didn’t catch the bus. 他之所以迟到，原因是没赶上公交车。 4) I have read the book in which you are interested. 我读了那本你感兴趣的书。 5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan. 刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。 6) This is the book which she is looking for. 这就是她正在找的那本书。 小结归纳 ●when 通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句，如句1）； ●where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句，如句2）； ●why经常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句，如句3）； ★当引导定语从句时，关系副词一般可以转化为“介词+ 关系代词”，即： when / where 可转化为on / in / at等+ which， why可转化为for which（在口语中可用that或省略），这也是定语从句中的一种常见现象。 ★需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that，如句1）、2）、3） ★另外，指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时，可以把“介词+ 关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间，如句4）、5）；★但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，如句6）。 **★关系代词that和which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 ★关系副词when/ where/ why分别在定语从句中充当时间状语，地点状语和原因状语。例如： This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经住过的房子 （Where相当于in the house 做地点状语） This is the house which/ that they built last year. 这是他们去年建的房子 （which/ that 指代house 做built 的宾语） I’ll never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子 （When相当于on the days 做时间状语，on the days “在这些日子”） I’ll never forget the days which we spent in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子（Which指代the days 做spent的宾语） That is the reason why/ for which she told a lie. 那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。 （Why相当于for the reason 做原因状语 That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那个男孩说的原因。 （Which 指代the reason 做主语） 注意：★确立关系代词which/that或关系副词when/where/why的方法： 看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语，如果缺少用which/ that； 如果不缺主语或宾语用when/where/ why.
定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)
定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that(即可指人也可指物), which(只指物), who(只指人，宾格whom及所 有格whose) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). (我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ②作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ②作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ①作定语(先行词为人)： (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ②作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷that:可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that不用which的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物⑹主句是there be句型
初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及标准答案
定语从句１——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.ｅvery dａy& eｖerｙdaｙ evｅry dａｙ“每天”，作时间状语。eveｒydａy是形容词,“每天的,日常的”。 eg: She lｅarns sｏｍe eｖeryday Ｅnｇlish eｖeｒｙday. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goｅs to bed ｌaｔe every ｄaｙ．他每天睡觉很晚。 ２．betwｅｅn& amｏng bｅtｗeeｎ常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 amonｇ一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eｇ: Toｍis beｔween Ａnn and Maｒy.汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 Ｔheｙtａｌｋedａmoｎg tｈemｓｅlvｅs whiｌe thｅｙwａiｔｅd. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】tｏdo／doiｎg 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词做宾语,但意思不同?1.forgｅt ｔo do 忘记做某事I’m sorｒｙ I ｆorgot tｏ poｓt tｈe lｅtteｒ． forgeｔ doinｇ做过某事忘了 I forgot teｌｌing hiｍｔhｅｎews ｔhe ｏther day. ?2. ｓtop ｔo do 停下来做某事He stoｐpeｄ to tａlｋ to ｍe ｗheｎ he saw me iｎ the ｓtreｅt yesｔerｄay. ｓtop doｉｎｇ停止做某事Ｐｌeａse stop talkinｇｌoudly ｉｎ the library. 3.try tｏ do 尽力做某事I’ｌl ｔry tｏ get there bｅforｅｓｕnｓet.我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try ｄｏing 试着做某事Ｗhy ｎoｔ tｒy kｎockiｎg aｔ the baｃｋ door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4．ｒegrｅt to do 遗憾地将做某事 I rｅgret ｔo say ｔhａt Ｉcan’t gｏ with you. reｇreｔ doing 后悔做过某事I rｅgreｔｍｉssiｎg ｓuch a good cｈａｎce of praｃtｉsiｎｇ my spｏkｅｎ Engliｓｈ. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 (一)、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：１）Thｅman wｈｏliｖeｓnｅxｔtｏus iｓ a ｐoliceman. 2)Yｏu must ｄｏeｖeryｔhｉng that I do. 上面两句中的maｎ和ｅｖerｙthinｇ是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词ｔｈat，which,who(宾格whom,所有格whｏｓe）和关系副词ｗhe ｒe, when、whｙ 、引导定语从句2、代替先行词３、在定语从句中担当一个成分 (二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 １.who指人，在从句中做主语 (１)Tｈe ｂoys who aｒe playinｇfootball arｅfrom CｌasｓOne.
定语从句讲解(关系代词的用法)
定语从句讲解 用（关系代词的
Unit 1 《school life ? Grammar (1) n定语从句的定义及其作用： 定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词. 定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词 组、分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换，例女口：金发女孩可译作a blonde girl ，a girl with blonde hair 或a girl who has blonde hair。定语从句通常由关系代词that/ which/ who/ whom/ which/ as 或关系畐U词when/ where/ why引导，这些词既指代主句中要说 2 / 10
明的名词或代词,又充当从句中的某个句 子成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句 和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所 以如果 在名词或代词后面出现一个从句， 根 据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断 是否是定语从句。 川 Th 定语从句的k 必Which was written by J.K. relative pron. （thal ativ 指人或物adVe Wh ）ich 指物 / 3关系词在从句中充当成分en / where / why ） 找出下列句中的定语从句；分析定语从句三要 素 1. You are the right man whom we are looking for. 2. I ' ve spent all the money that was given by my parents. 3. I will never forget the day when I joined the party. 4. This is the factory where the machines are made. IV 关系代词的用法: 1先行词（名词或代 词） 2关系词1
定语从句关系代词的特殊用法
定语从句关系代词的特殊用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, n one等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, som e, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of w hom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如： Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．"介词＋关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构
初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解 练习及答案
定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.every day & everyday every day“每天”，作时间状语。everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。 eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。 2. between & among between 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】to do / doing 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同 1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter. forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day. 2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday. stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library. 3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you. regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)
Where there is a will, there is a way. -----有志者，事竟成 定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that (即可指人也可指物), which (只指物), who (只指人，宾格whom 及所有格whose ) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). ( 我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句 从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴ which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ② 作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵ who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ① 做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ② 作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶ whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ① 作定语(先行词为人)： He is the boy whose (father is a doctor). (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ② 作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷ that :可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that 不用which 的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词 ⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰 ⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物 ⑹主句是there be 句型
初中英语定语从句---关系代词的使用
初中英语定语从句 一．定语从句的理解： 用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语： a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句) →I know the girl who is in red.（定语从句） This is a dream. The dream will never come true. →This is a dream which/that will never come true. The dog has been found. The dog was lost. → The dog which/that was lost has been found. This is the card. I’ve just received the card. → This is the card which / that I’ve just received. 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 结构：先行词+ 关系词+ 句子 （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语、宾语。 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (3)Did you see the man who/whom/that/- I talked with just now? 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) (3)Is this the doctor that（whom）you talked about yesterday？这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗？ (4)The letter that（which）I received yesterday was from my father．昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
定语从句翻译题一(关系代词)
定语从句练习一：写出含有定语从句的复合句 1. 这就是昨天给我们作报告的小王。This is Xiao Wang. He gave us a talk yesterday. 复合句： 2. 上周你看见的那个人已离开了城镇。The man has left the town. You saw him last week 复合句： 3. 桂林是座具有2000年历史的城市。Guilin is a city. It has a history of 2000 years. 复合句： 4. 妈妈做的月饼很好吃。The moon cakes taste nice. Mother cooked them. 复合句： 5. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很好。The man speaks English well. He lives downstairs 复合句： 6. 三年级的学生明天去爬山。The students are going to climb the hill tomorrow. They are in Grade Three 复合句： 7. 你昨天碰见的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。Mrs. Smith is a friend of mine. You met him yesterday 复合句： 8. 这是那本你正在找的书。This is the book. You are looking for it. 复合句： 9. 有一些我想看的电。There are some films. I’d like to see them. 复合句： 10. 你们刚才在谈论的那个人已经来到我们学校。The man has come to our school. You were talking about him just now. 复合句：