2015年高中英语阅读理解 第四部分 动物世界(二)练习
第四部分动物世界（二）
6. How Tall Is The Giraffe?
长颈鹿有多高
长颈鹿是非洲的一种特有动物，长长的脖子，抬起头来，最高的雄长颈鹿身高可达6米，因此是陆地上最高的动物。长颈鹿穿一身斑驳耀眼的花衣裳。它有一双锐利的眼睛，观察四方。当长颈鹿发现远处有不怀好意的敌兽时，它最初不动声色，毫不慌张，悠然自得。等到敌兽窜到一定距离时，才腾起四蹄，飞奔而去，时速可高达五六万米，使敌兽望尘莫及。如果遭受偷袭，长颈鹿也毫不示弱，用那铁扫帚似的长腿，给予坚决反击，甚至可以把狮子踢倒。
Some animals in the world are very, very small, and the others are very big. Giraffes are one of the tallest and most interesting animals. Male giraffes are usually about six meters tall. Half of the giraffe’s height comes from its neck, which is longer than its legs.
A giraffe has big brown eyes which are protected by very thick lashes. Since it lives in parts of Africa which are usually dry with a great deal of dust, the lashes are an important source of protection. It can also cover its nostrils in order to protect its nose. It has brown spots on tan skin and this coloring helps protect the giraffe. The giraffe also has two short horns on its head.
Like the camel, the giraffe can go a long way without drinking water. One source of water is the leaves which the giraffe eats from trees. Since it is so tall, the giraffe can reach the tender leaves at the top of a tree.
Giraffes usually live in small herds and often feed with other animals. A baby giraffe is two meters tall at birth. It can stand up by itself within a few minutes and run well in about two days.
Giraffes have two methods of self-protection. If something frightens an adult giraffe, it can run away at about fifty kilometers per hour or stay to fight with its strong legs.
Comprehension Questions:
1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? ______
A. Man and Giraffe
B. A Tiny Animal
C. A Big Camel
D. The Tallest Giraffe
2. One of the reasons why the giraffe can go a long distance without drinking water is that ______
A. they eat dry grass and leaves.
B. they can eat the tender leaves of the trees instead.
C. they drink a lot of water and milk.
D. they eat fruit such as apples and bananas
5. According to the passage, giraffes usually live ______
A. alone.
B. with big animals like horses.
C. with other giraffes.
D. with birds.
(DBBCC)
7. The Earthworm Is A Useful Animal
蚯蚓是有用的动物
蚯蚓是改良土壤的能手。蚯蚓能使土壤形成团粒结构，这是农业上最好的土壤结构，系钙离子和腐殖质胶结土粒所形成的土团，遇水不易松散，抗压性较强，疏松多孔，透气性好。一般蚯蚓吞食有机物和泥土，经过砂囊研磨、体内消化酶和微生物的作用，消化分解后合成钙盐，连同蚯蚓钙腺排出的碳酸钙可形成粘粒结构。这种团粒结构土壤具有很强的保水性胶质及水溶性养料，有利于植物生长。达尔文在1881年写道：“这种低等动物对地球历史起的重要作用，恐怕是其它任何一种动物所比不上的”。
The earthworm is a useful animal. Out of the ground it is food for other animals. In the ground it makes rich soil for fields and gardens.
Earthworms dig tunnels that loosen the soil and make it easy for air and water to reach the roots of plants. These tunnels help keep the soil well and cause water to run gradually, that is, to keep the soil not too wet and not too dry.
Earthworms drag dead leaves, grass, and flowers into their tunnels—their homes. When these plant materials rot away, they become fertilizers.
No other animals are so useful in building up the topsoil. It is found that in one year fifty thousand earthworms carry about 18 tons of fine soil to the surface of one acre of land. One worm may add about 340 grams of earth to topsoil. Comprehension Questions:
1. The best title for the passage is ______
A. Soil That Is Improved by Earthworms
B. Working Underground
C. How Earthworms Improve the Soil
D. How Earthworms Carry Top Soil
2. By digging tunnels, the earthworms help to ______
A. hold the soil firmly around the roots of the plants.
B. carry water and air to the roots of the plants.
C. kill weeds and pests.
D. both A and B.
5. The passage says that ______
A. good crops will grow where there are earthworms.
B. earthworms sometimes harm the soil.
C. earthworms do more to improve the soil than any other animal.
D. earthworms are most useful as food for other animals.
(CBACC)
8. The Fiddler Crab Is A Clock That Tells Time
招潮蟹就是一台报时钟
招潮蟹，体深褐色，足红色。雄蟹一螯很大，重约占总体重的一半。雌蟹两螯均小。招潮蟹成群穴居海滩，退潮时，在港湾、在河口的泥滩上，常常可以看到许多奇异的蟹跑来跑去，忙忙碌碌，活跃非常。它们退潮时在泥滩上奔跑、觅食，涨潮时便迅速钻进洞穴中。这种蟹的活动同海水的潮涨潮落密切相关，故名“招潮”。
海洋潮汐主要是由月球引力造成的，而潮汐的高低也受太阳引力的影响。招潮蟹既能根据太阳，又能根据月亮来校准自己的“时钟”。它们按太阳改变颜色，同时又随潮汐涨落，来寻觅食物。它们在潮水即将涌来的10分钟之前，就会安全地藏在洞穴里了。
The fiddler crab is a living clock. It indicates the tune of day by the color of its skin, which is dark by day and pale by night. The crab’s changing skin colors follow a regular twenty-four hour cycle that exactly matches the daily rhythm of the sun.
Does the crab actually keep time, or does its skin simply respond to the sun's rays, changing to the amount of light that strikes it? To find out why they change color, biologists kept crabs in a dark room for two months. Even without daylight the crab's skin color continued to change precisely on schedule.
This characteristic is probably evolved in response to the rhythm of the sun, to help protect the crab from sunlight and enemies. After millions of years it has become completely regulated inside the living body of the crab.
The biologists noticed that once each day the color of the fiddler crab is
especially dark, and that each day this occurs fifty minutes later than on the day before. From this they discovered each crab follows not only the rhythm of the sun but also that of the tides. The crab’s period of greatest darkening is preci sely the time of low tide on the beach where it was caught.
Comprehension Questions:
A. where they can be caught.
B. how to use them as clocks.
C. whether they change color.
D. why they change color.
4. When the fiddler crabs were kept in the dark, they ______
A. did not change color.
B. changed color more quickly.
C. changed color more slowly.
D. changed color on the same schedule.
5. The crab’s color changing ability was probably developed ______
A. in the process of evolution.
B. over millions of years.
C. by the work of biologists.
D. both A and B.
(ABDDD)
9. Why Can The Ostrich Not Fly?
鸵鸟为何不会飞
鸵鸟，是世界上的最大的鸟(又名非洲鸵鸟)，雄鸟高约2.75米。它们生活在沙漠草原地带。但是它们却不会飞。鸵鸟坚硬的脚爪补偿了这一缺陷，鸵鸟每小时可以奔跑70公里。鸵鸟的腿长而健壮，它的双翼却很小。由于它们象骆驼那样，可以在热带沙漠中奔跑，所以它们被称做“鸵鸟”。鸵鸟的翅膀确实小，但它跑得快，快得如同飞起来一般。有一句谚语叫“一只把头埋在沙子里的傻鸵鸟”，来描述鸵鸟的傻乎劲，但鸵鸟真的那么傻吗？来看看这篇文章吧。
The largest bird that cannot fly also happens to be the largest living bird in the world. This is the huge North African ostrich. When the male, or cock, is fully grown, he reaches a height nearly eight feet and many weigh close to three hundred
pounds. His wings are very small and the wing feathers are very soft, therefore he does not fly.
You have probably heard the old saying about the “foolish ostrich burying his head in the sand”. Well, the ostrich is not nearly as foolish as he is s aid to be. In the daytime, when the hen is sitting on the eggs, she does not want to be seen; but, instead of sticking her long neck up into the air, she bends her neck and head down and presses flat along the sand. That way, she can best protect the eggs and herself.
Because the ostrich cannot fly up into the air to escape from danger on the ground, he has to remain alert at all times. Luckily, he has very sharp eyesight and hearing. As he lives in the desert and open plains, he can stop danger in time to race away. The ostrich can run so fast that it almost seems as if he was flying.
A. she is foolish enough to do anything.
B. she is shy enough.
C. she has to keep herself from being attacked.
D. she likes doing so.
2. An ostrich has a _____ neck, ____ wings and ______ feathers.
A. small, soft, long
B. soft, long, small
C. long, small, soft
D. long, large, soft
3. "An ostrich will eat anything under the sun" means ______
A. An ostrich will eat everything when the sun shines.
B. An ostrich won't eat anything if the sun hasn't risen.
C. An ostrich likes to eat under the sun.
D. Anything on the earth is what the ostrich eats.
4. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______
A. Hatching eggs is not the female ostrich's job.
B. An ostrich eats almost all kinds of thing.
C. An ostrich lives in North Africa.
D. An ostrich can run fast.
5. When we say “Someone eats like a bird”, we mean ______
A. he eats too much
B. he is a bird
C. he eats only a little
D. he likes eating a bird
(CCDAC)
10. Why Are Spiders Our Friends?
蜘蛛为何是我们的朋友
蜘蛛对人类有益又有害，但主要还是益虫。在农田中蜘蛛捕食的大多是农作物的害虫。同时许多中医药中，都有用蜘蛛入药的记载，因此，保护和利用蜘蛛具有重要的意义。蜘蛛不是昆虫，它有八只脚，它吃的食物是我们人类的敌人，所以，蜘蛛是我们的好朋友。不过，蜘蛛的胃口很大，它一天三餐都不会满足。有人做过统计，蜘蛛一年吃掉的所有昆虫的数量，比全部的英国人的体重还沉。下面文章有许多有趣的细节等你挖掘。
Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, including some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would eat up all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. Unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or to our belongings.
pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half a year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country. Comprehension Questions:
1. From the passage, we know that ______
A. spiders do harm to the human race.
B. insects do good to the spiders.
C. insects threaten the human race.
D. spiders are dangerous to the human race.
2. “Insect-eating animals” means ______
A. insects that arte eaten by animals.
B. animals that don't eat spiders.
C. insects that eat animals.
D. insect eaters
3. Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______
A. None of the insects have over six legs.
B. All the insects have over six legs.
C. Neither spiders nor insects have more than ten legs.
D. Spiders are insect-eating animals.
4. “How many spiders are engaged in this work on our interest?” Which of the following has the closest meaning of the underlined phrase? ______
A. for our profit
B. what interests us most
C. what interests the spiders most
D. has nothing to do with us
高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧分析(可编辑修改word版)
高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧 CHN 纵观近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解能力是高考考查 的重点，自始至终占主导地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势。做好阅读理解，是 获得高考英语高分的关键。 阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1.阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细 节。 2.既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3.既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4.既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理 和判断。 5.既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解 判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型： 主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物 评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题-- 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概 括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主 题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点， 寻找解题的方法--。 常见题型 1.主题型：What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2.标题型：What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) . 3.目的型：The main purpose of this text is . The author’s purpose of writing this text is to . What’s the main purpose of the passage? 解题指导 1.抓住主题句。它们一般位于文章的开头或结尾。同时，也可以贯穿各 段中心句进行总结。 2.抓住文章逻辑线索，理清发展脉络。作者往往会采取举例、
(新)高考英语阅读理解九大题型解题思路详解
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2．例证题： ⑴标志：case example illustration demonstration exemplify demonstrate illustrate ⑵做题的关键在于：是否能找到例子支持的论点，而不在于能否看懂例子 ⑶做题的步骤： ①首先返回原文定位该例子 ②然后80％向上、20％向下搜索该例子支持的论点 ③在四个选项中寻找与找到的论点表达最一致、意思最接近的一个才是正确答案 3．词汇题： ⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组，要求辨别其意思 ⑵做题的关键在于：该单词本身并不重要，重要的是该单词的上下文 ⑶如果该单词认识，并不超出大纲，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案，其正确答案是根据上下文推测的一个更加深刻的含义 ⑷做题的方法：可以使用两种方法从上下文进行推理： ①代入替换法 ②在上下文中寻找同词性的词或词组 4．句子理解题： ⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中的一句话，要求理解其意思 ⑵做题的关键在于：返回原文对出题的句子进行语法解析，要精确理
完整版高一英语阅读理解专项练习
记叙文类作者：巩穹 （I）★★ Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women. 1. Why couldn't Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn't get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth's chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn't graduate from medical school. D. She couldn't set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts”in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell except that she ______. A. became the first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United States D. New York City 1-5 CAABC （II）★★★ Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark's agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer.
高中英语阅读理解专项练习二(含答案)
A “You can use me as a last resort（选择）, and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse（长曲棍球）club. I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.” I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal. Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services
最新高中基础英语阅读理解
高中基础英语阅读理解3 Mr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished for it. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him. It was New Year’s Day. Mr. Lang didn’t go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside. They waited for a long time and didn’t think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen. “I saw there weren’t any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.” 1. Mr. Lang was paid much because _______. A. he was a driver B. he worked in a factory C. he had a lot of work to do D. he had worked there for a long time 2. Mrs. Lang did all housework because _______. A. she couldn’t find any work B. she thought he r husband was tired C. her husband spent all time in gambling D. she wouldn’t stop her husband gambling 3. _______, so he was put into lockup. A. Mr. Lang often gambled B. Mr. Lang was late for work C. Mr. Lang didn’t help his wife at home D. Mr. Lang wasn’t polite to the police 4. The woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _______. A. he didn’t love her any longer B. he wouldn’t stop gambling C. he had been put into lockup D. he was hardly sent away by the factory 5. Which of the following is right? A. The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again. B. The boy thought his father needed some policemen. C. The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon. D. The boy hoped his mother to come back. (2) Dear Sir, I am writing about your January bill, which I am returning with this letter. I am not going to pay this bill. Last month I bought a table and four chairs for $65.50. They were sent to me on December 18. That night one leg of the table broke while my wife was putting our dinner on it. It fell on one of the chair, and that broke, too. Our $ 2.50 steak(牛排) landed on the floor, and the dog ate it. I spoke to the salesmen who had sold me the table and the chairs. He told me to write you a letter. I wrote you on December 20, saying that I was not going to pay for the furniture. On December 21 some men came and took it back to the store. Please do something about your records. I do not want to receive another bill for the furniture which I returned. Yours truly
高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：复盘阅读C篇阅读心理过程
高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：复盘阅读C篇阅读心理过程 试卷阅读理解如何分析？仁者见仁智者见智，没有所谓的标准答案。我的理解是，一篇好的阅读解读应该包含，当然各有侧重点不同： 1、背景、内容、主旨 2、词汇和语言 3、语篇的行文特点 4、逻辑关系 5、体裁及其语体特点 6、深层含义 7、现实含义 8、作者意图、观点和态度 每次阅读前都要问自己四点： 1、我是不是总结了本文的宏观结构，是不是其它同话题文章也有同样的结构？ 2、文章的主旨在哪些段落里可以反映出来，这些段落的语句可有什么特征被广泛运用？ 3、文章反映了作者什么态度，哪些句子或单词可以看出来？ 4、段落是如何展开的，是举例、对比还是其它？ 每次刷题后也要问自己两点： 1、命题人的设问和文章结构可有关系，或者有什么规律？ 2、正确选项和错误选项分别针对文章句子的如何设计的？ 下面我就本次某考试阅读C篇来实践一下，实际上这也是我课堂上的循序，当然一般都是通过问题设计。
C 1 The Bible begins with the creation of the world. As a consequence（结果标识词，读到此，应该知道后面的主题句了）, in traditional Western thought the world is assumed to have been created by God. （段落中心：上帝创造世界。后面是具体解释了，可以略读）The Earth is associated with whatever is impermanent, imperfect, bodily and sinful. Heaven is the sphere of the permanent, perfect, spiritual and holy.（概念或中心句+具体解释的模式是绝大部分英语论说文的展开模式，关键是中心句的辨认。请关注解释部分里面的情感形容词：perfect, imperfect等，这都是通过对比来突出Heaven） 2 Traditional Chinese thought has no place for the idea of a creation（本句为论点，从上文的西方思想到本段的中国思想，明显是比较）. What exists has always existed and shall always do so（always重复，突出中国思想的特色）.Accordingly （语篇标识词，此句是照应论点句。这种模式：论点+论据+总结照应，也是很常见的）there is no concept of necessary “improvement”or “correction”of the creation through such means as a Last Judgment. 3 Things are as they are simply because that is the way they are（从because可见这是承接上文，具体解释中国思想了，可扫读一下第4段的首句确定）. The natural principle of order, common to all that exists, is called the Way (dao)（新的概念the Way的提出，必然后面要具体解释，这是铁定规律）. The Way is not some sort of law or pattern that God or prophets (先知) forced on what exists. It reveals itself in the
【阅读】高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧
阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
高中英语阅读理解练习题(有答案) 百度文库
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 A typical child plays many roles, such as friend, neighbor, son or daughter. Simply reminding children of that fact can lead to better problem-solving and more flexible thinking, according to new research from Duke University. Better problem-solving was just one positive finding of the study, said lead author Sarah Gaither, an assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke. After thinking about their own various identities, children also showed more flexible thinking about race and other social groupings—a behavior that could be valuable in an increasingly diverse society. In a series of experiments, Gaither and her colleagues looked at 196 children, ages 6 and 7. In an experiment, one group of children was reminded that they had various identities, such as son, daughter, reader or helper. A second group of children was reminded of their multiple physical attributes, such as a mouth, arms and legs. All the children then needed to handle a few tasks Children who were reminded of their various identities showed stronger problem-solving and creative thinking skills. When shown pictures of a bear staring at honey-filled beehive(蜂窝)high up in a tree, these children had more creative ideas for how the bear might get the honey, such as turning over a bowl so that it became a stool(凳子). In other words, they saw a new use for the bowl. Children who were reminded of their multiple roles also showed more flexible thinking about social groupings. When asked to categorize different photos of faces, they suggested many ways to Spso. They identified smiling faces such as unsmiling ones, and old and young faces. The other children, meanwhile, primarily grouped people's faces by race and gender(性别). The-study suggests ways to promote flexible thinking for the young, which could be especially valuable for teachers." Gaither said. "We have this tendency in our society to only think about ourselves in connection with one important group at a time," Gaither said. "When kids think that they have various identities, they show greater abilities." （1）What are all the kids asked to do in the experiments? A.Play different kinds of roles. B.Remind others of their roles. C.Approach several tasks. D.Classify a group of tasks. （2）How does the author mainly clarify the conclusions of the study in paragraph 4? A.By giving examples. B.By using experts' words. C.By listing a few figures. D.By showing cause and effect. （3）What can we learn from Sarah Gaither's words? A.Improving 5 kids flexible thinking ability is important teaching. B.Kids tend to behave selflessly after thinking about their roles. C.Kids' creative thinking ability is easy to discover and develop.
英语阅读理解文章(作者)意图解题指导.pdf
英语阅读理解文章（作者）意图解题指导教学设计 I．设计思路 《高中英语新课程标准》明确指出：“高中英语课程要有利于学生优化英语学习方法，使他们通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，充分发挥自己的学习潜能，形成有效的学习策略，提高自主学习的能力。” 高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求：要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能： 1、理解主旨要义； 2、理解文中具体信息； 3、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 4、作出简单判断和理解； 5、理解文章的基本结构； 6、理解作者的意图和态度； 7、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容 或作要词词语转换。 因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种： 主旨大意型 事实细节型 词义猜测型 推理判断型 让我们比较一下近两年江苏高考卷阅读理解题的分类题量。
2010年高考阅读理解推理判断题型中要求考生能把握文脉逻辑关系—句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。 推理判断题 英语阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，而是要求阅读者根据字面意思，通过全篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义，这就是判断推理题。判断推理题在阅读测试中属于难题。 判断推理是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。判断推理题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，掌握文章的真正内涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。②要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深。从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。③要忠于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知，推断未知。立足现在，预测未来。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。④要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。 推断题分类 1.推断隐含意义 2.推断作者观点或态度 3.推断写作目的 4.推断文章出处 5.推断文脉逻辑关系 那么，该如何掌握对推断作者观点态度题以及写作目的题的理解呢？ 人物性格、态度及观点判断题： 高考阅读测试中有些是考查对作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度、观点等方面的理解题。做这一类题时一定要注意：由表及里的准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点；特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情、态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措词，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词；能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
精编高中英语阅读理解题型解读分类总结
精编高中英语阅读理解题型解读大全 （一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.读首段，找关键词（人名、地名、建筑、组织名、数字或but and besides howeverso therefor）。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.围绕关键词上下看一句。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.重复品味首尾段把好主题方向 （二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文 解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 ●比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。
外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题(含答案)
外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题（含答案） Graham and his friends preferred to shoot up in their arms, necks and legs. A dealer once said Graham was the type who would never be able to turn back and that he expected him to die from the drug. Wendy feared the same, but di dn’t know how to save her son. “ Once, after he’d disappeared for more than a month, I found him at a friend’s house with a bunch of other users,” she said, “I got down on my hands and knees, begging him to come home. He did, but the next morning he was go ne. I don’t know what made him do it, but I drove 20 miles to the nearest train station. Graham was headed for Seattle, his pockets full of drugs. If I hadn’t gotten there in time, I would never have seen him alive again.” The turning point came in 2007, after Graham was arrested yet again for possession. Wendy got a call from the Montana Drugs Project, which works with local law enforcement（强制执行）to keep track of youth-related crimes so it can help families in trouble. Following a counselor’s advice, Wendy hired two men to come to her home in the middle of the night, tie Graham and take him to a treatment program in Thompson Falls, Montana. “I was high when they came and really angry with my mom,” he said, “But if she hadn’t done that, drugs would have killed me.” After six months of treatment, Graham, now 19, came back to Kalispell, where he’s grown close to Wendy once again. “I still have the desires every day and attend support meetings every night,” he said, “But life is worth living again. My mom thinks that’s a miracle. I guess she is right.” 1．The underlined phrase “shoot up” in paragraph 1 probably means_________. A．increase very quickly and suddenly B．put illegal drugs into the body by using a needle C．kill or injure someone by using a gun D．try to achieve a particular aim 2．When the two men came to their home in the middle of the night, Graham _______. A．had just taken drugs and was in the state of excitement. B．was sleeping in a high bed above the ground. C．had just taken drugs and was in the state of suffering. D．was quarrelling with his mother.
高中英语阅读理解题型解读、解题技巧及练习(教师版)
高中阅读理解题型解读（教师版） （一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。 （二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文 解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 ●比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。 3.应用文 应用文涉及的范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。 阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理)。其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法