整理大学英语语法选择题部分

整理大学英语语法选择题部分
整理大学英语语法选择题部分

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第一单元Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. 1I'm afraid I can't finish the work ____________to help me.

正确答案解析

A. unless you will come

B. unless you come

C. until you will come

D. until you shall come

答案讲解:在时间、条件状语从句中,往往用一般现在时来表示将来的动作,故可以排除A、C 和D。根据题意,选择“除非你来帮我,否则我恐怕完不成工作”更合情理,所以答案为B。

2 We can go when the ground____________.

正确答案解析

A. is drying

B. has dried

C. dried

D. dry

答案讲解:有时为了明确在时间上分句动作的完成先于主句的动作,也可用现在完成时表示将来某一时刻前完成的动作,但不能用将来完成时的形式。因此,答案为B,意为“当地面干了以后,我们就可以走了。”

3 Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand____________.

正确答案解析

A. feel so coldly

B. is feeling so cold

C. feels so cold

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D. is felt so cold

。表Ayour hand答案讲解:主语是单数形式,谓语动词也应选择单数形式,故可以排除。表示某物给人以某种感觉B

示主语具有的特征、状态时应用一般现在时,故又可以排除 C时应用主动语态,所以选,意为“过来坐在火边,你的手很凉”。best received.

____________on TV. World news____________ 4 Various programs正确答案解析 A. will show, are

B. are shown, is

C. are showing, is

D. have shown, are

是复数,故应选择复数的谓语动词,而第二programs第一句话的主语various 答案讲解:。节目应和D句话的主语world news是单数,要对应单数的谓语动词,这样便可以排除A,意为“电视上播出各种节目,世界新B该是被播出,所以应该选择被动语态,故答案为闻最受欢迎”。it now.

5 ____________I can't find my dictionary.I wonder whether Mary正确答案解析 A. have

B. has

C. is having

D. had

有些动词不能构成进行时,主要有以下几种。答案讲解: exist等。,(1)表示“存在”的动词:beconsist, possess 等。,,,)表示“所有”的动词:(2belong,havekeepown feel等。,,,,hearsmallseeunderstand)表示“知觉”的动词:(3 等。,,)表示“认识”的动词:(4believefindknow love等。,,)表示“感情”的动词:5(hatelike B,意为“我找不到我的字典了,我想知道是否玛丽拿了”。因此,答案为 6

I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.

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here only a few minutes. Oh, not at all. I ____________解析正确答案 A. have been

B. had been

C. was

D. will

表示“我在这儿等了一段时间了”,这个动作从minutesa few only 答案讲解:时间状语,意为“——对不起让你久等过去发生一直延续到现在,应用现在完成时,所以答案为A 了。——噢,没关系,我刚来几分钟”。 so terrible.

7 Do I have to take this medicine? It ____________解析正确答案 A. tastes

B. is tasting

C. is tasted

D. has tasted

具有的特征、状态,应用一般现在时,故可以排除表示主语答案讲解:谓语动词tasteit,意为“我必须吃这药吗?尝着太D。表示某物尝起来怎么样应用主动语态,所以选A和B 苦了”。round.

____________When I was a child, my teacher told me that the earth 8

解析正确答案 A. was

B. had been

C. has been

D. is

动词表示普遍事实和客观真理时,应用一般现在时。“地球是圆的”是一个客答案讲解:意为“当即所以不管主句是什么时态,观事实,谓语动词应为一般现在时,D为正确答案,))))))))).

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我小的时候,我的老师告诉我地球是圆的”。There is too much snow these days, isn't there? 9

for a few days. ____________Yes, it

解析正确答案 A. was snowing

B. has been snowing

C. had been snowing

D. snowed

表示“雪已经下了好几天了”,根据上下文可知最近答案讲解:daysa 时间状语for few

一直在下雪。“下雪”这个动作从过去开始,一直延续到现在,强调动作的继续性质,所“最近几天一直在下雪,不是吗?是啊,已经,意为 B以应用现在完成进行时,即答案为下了好几天了”。Can I join your club, Dad?

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a bit older. Yes, you can when you ____________解析正确答案

A. get

B. will get

C. are getting

D. will have got

在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来的动作,所以在本句中答案讲解:,意为“爸爸,我可以加入你们的俱乐部吗?当Awhen引导的从句应用一般现在时,即选你长大一些就可以啊”。every match so far this year, 11 Our team ____________but we still have three more games to play.

解析正确答案 A. was winning

B. has won

C. had won

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D. wins

表示现在刚完成的动作,强调过去所发生的动作so far this year答案讲解:时间状语,意为“今年到目前为止,我们已经打赢了对现在的影响,所以应用现在完成时,即选B 每场比赛,但是我们还有三场比赛要打”。New York on Saturday.

____________ 12 It is Friday today. My parents and I

解析正确答案 A. are flying to

B. shall be fly for

C. have flown to

D. will be flying for

表示按计划、安排和打算,不久将要发生的动作,可以用现在进行时代替一般答案讲解: A将来时,所以答案应为,意为“今天是星期五,我和父母打算周六飞到纽约”。 tomorrow, we'll go swimming.

____________13 If it

正确答案解析 A. doesn't rain

B. isn't raining

C. don't rain

D. isn't to rain

,所以本题应选条件状语从句中,答案讲解:在时间、常用一般现在时表示将来的动作,A 意为“如果明天不下雨,我们就去游泳”。 he'll, of course, go home.

all the goods____________,When he 14

正确答案解析 A. will sell

B. has sold

C. sells

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D. will have sold

,在时间和条件状语从句中,B可用现在完成时代替将来完成时,所以本题应选答案讲解:意为“当他卖完了所有的货物,他当然会回家”。 .

____________Don't talk so loudly. Your father 15

正确答案解析 A. sleeps

B. is sleeping

C. slept

D. has slept

根据上下文,可知“父亲此时正在睡觉,所以不要大声说话”,所以应选择现答案讲解:在进行时,即答案为B。第二单元Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

Ⅰ.

2002.

____________ 1He ____________the Communist Party正确答案解析 A. has joined, in

B. has joined, since

C. joined, on

D. joined, in

应该用一2002年加入了共产党”,这是对过去发生的事件的陈述,本句意为“他在解析:不能表示动作的持续性,。所以答案为般过去时,D本句不能选择完成时态,因为动词join since所以也就不能和引导的时间状语连用。.

Kate said that 2 ____________解析正确答案 A. she had finished writing the composition the night before

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B. she had finished writing the composition last day

C. I finished writing the composition on the last night

D. she finished writing the composition before the night

之前,所以从句应用过去完所表示的动作发生在主句动词saidfinished解析:从句动词,意。正确答案为last day是一般过去时的标志性短语,所以不能选BA成时。时间状语思是“凯特说她昨晚就完成作文了”。a lot of good deeds for others.

My classmate____________ 3

正确答案解析 A. has been done

B. did

C. was doing

D. had done

本句是对过去发生的事件的陈述,意思是“我的同学为他人做了很多好事”,所以解析:。应该用一般过去时,即选

B on him.

____________ 4 Jack____________ in the street when I解析正确答案

A. walked…called was calling

B. was walking …

C. walked … was calling called

D. was walking …

本句的意思是“我拜访杰克时,他正在街上走”,表示当一个动作发生时,另外一解析: D个动作正在进行,所以应该选择过去进行时和一般过去时,即答案为。Did you enjoy last night's concert?

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rather poorly. Yes. Though the last piece____________解析正确答案))))))))).

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A. was played

B. played

C. was playing

D. playing

虽然最后一曲不怎么样”。本句的意思是“——你喜欢昨晚的音乐会吗?——是的,解析:,可知此处应该选择被动语态,而这件事情发生在分析句子结构,主语为the last piece 。昨晚,所以应用一般过去时,即答案为A the machine. David ________________________himself while he 6

正确答案解析

A. hurted… was fixing

B. hurts… is fixing fixed

C. hurt …

D. hurt … was fixing

本句的意思是“大卫修机器的时候,弄伤了自己”,表示当一个动作正在进行时,解析:的过去时形式hurt所以应该选择过去进行时和一般过去时。另外一个动作突然发生,动词是hurt。,所以答案为D whether he will go on with his study at the university.

____________ 7 It

解析正确答案 A. hasn't been decided

B. isn't decided

C. hasn't decided

D. doesn't decide

引导的从句,指的是“他能否上大学”这件事it解析:在句中作形式主语,代替whether。本句的意思是“这件情。某一“事件”作主语时应该选择被动语态,故可以排除CD和,意思是A事情还没有决定”,强调的是目前的情况,所以要用现在完成时,所以答案为“他能否上大学这事儿还没定下来”。))))))))).

to the United States.

8 He said that he ____________

解析正确答案

A. had never been

B. had never gone

C. was never

D. has never been

gone have placehave 解析:been to a 的意思是说话时已经去过某地,现在已经回来了;的意思是说话时已经去某地了,现在还没有回来。本句的主句是一般过去时,to a place 所以从句应该选择过去完成时,即答案为A,意为“他说他从没去过美国”。my holiday in the countryside.

____________9 This time last year I

正确答案解析 A. have

B. was having

C. am having

D. have had

(去年的这个时候),我们可知本句的动词应this time last year解析:根据时间状语用过去进行时,所以答案为B,意为“去年的这个时候,我正在乡下度假”。Where is Mary?

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to school. She ____________正确答案解析 A. will go

B. has been

C. has gone

gone 的意思是说话时已经去过某地,现在已经回来了;have placea to have 解析:been

在说话时的意思是说话时已经去某地了,现在还没有回来。分析句意,Maryto a place))))))))).

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去学校了,还没回来,所以答案为C,意为“——玛丽在哪?——她去学校了”。you had been there already. I'm sorry that I____________ 11

正确答案解析 A. won't know

B. didn't know

C. don't know

D. haven't known

应该选用相用的是过去完成时,可知动词解析:从句you had been there alreadyknow 应的过去时态,所以答案为B,意为“对不起,我不知道你已经到这儿了”。hard when I left the house.

It12 ____________正确答案解析 A. is raining

B. rains

C. was raining

D. will rain

(当我离开家的时候)可知主句应表示when I left the house解析:根据时间状语从句“天正在下雨”,所以应该选择进行时态。从句用的是一般过去时,主句也应用相应的过,意思是“当我离开家的时候,天正在下雨”。C去时态,所以答案为 a great number of different places in Australia.

Tim 13 ____________正确答案解析

A. already has visited

B. has already visited

C. has visited already

D. has ever visited

和动词过去、havejust和already解析:在完成时态中,副词等应放在助动词、hadhas))))))))).

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,意思是“汤姆已经游览了澳大利亚很多不同的地方”。分词之间,所以答案为B very successful.

____________ 14 Up to now, I

解析正确答案 A. am not

B. haven't been

C. was not

D. were not

(直到现在),我们可知本句的动词应用完成时态,所以up to now解析:根据时间状语,意思是“到目前为止我还

不是很成功”。答案为B cut three days ago.

15 The wheat ____________解析正确答案

A. were

B. has been

C. had

D. was

是不可数名词,the wheat是一般过去时的时间状语,主语短语解析:three days ago 所以应选,意思是“麦子三天

前就割了”。D第三单元Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. Ⅰ.

if one breaks the law.

One____________ 1

正确答案解析 A. will be punished

B. will punish

C. is being punished

D. has been punished

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if one breaks one 和punish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。根据条件状语从句解析:,意思是“如Apunish这个动作没有发生,应该用一般将来时,所以答案为the law可知果一个人触犯法律,就会受到惩罚”。quiet, I'll tell you what happened.

____________ 2 If you解析正确答案

A. be

B. are to be

C. are

D. will be

如果主句是一般将来时,在条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,解析: C所以本题应选,意思是“如果你安静下来,我就告诉你发生了什么”。not to smoke.

Middle school boys____________3

解析正确答案

A. always tell

B. are told always

C. are always told

D. is always told

之间是被动关系,这样可middle school boys解析:主语是复数,而且与谓语动词tell,意思是“中应该放在助动词和实义动词之间,所以应该选。副词和以排除ADalwaysC 学男生总是被告知不要抽烟”。the examination.

4 If you study hard, you____________解析正确答案 A. has passed

B. are passing

C. have passed

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D. will pass

这个动作还没有发pass解析:分析句意,即“如果你好好学习,你就会通过考试”,可知生,应该用一般将来时,所以选D。schoolmates his but lot of housework every evening, now he ____________John 5 does a

with their lessons.

正确答案解析 A. help

B. is helping

C. helps

D. has helped

可知这一动作正在进行中,应该用现在进行时,所以but根据后面的时间状语now解析:,意思是“约翰每天傍晚做很多的家务活,但是现在他正在帮助他的同学们复习功选B 课”。by children.

6 The song ____________解析正确答案 A. is often sung

B. was often sung

C. sings

D. has often sung

表明是经之间是被动关系,而副词是单数,和谓语动词the 解析:主语song singoften ,意思是“孩子们经常唱这首歌”。A常发生的动作,应用一般现在时,所以答案为much stronger and richer.

____________7 By the end of 2020 China

正确答案解析 A. will become

B. would become

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C. is becoming

D. will have become

可知本句表示在未来的时间点之前将会完成的动解析:根据时间状语by the end of 2020年末,中国将会变得更加强大、作,应该用将来完成时,所以答案为D,意思是“到2020 富有”。years since I last saw you.

____________ 8 It

解析正确答案 A. was

B. is

C. will be

D. has been

,可知前面的动作是从过去发生一直持续到现根据时间状语解析:since I last saw you 在,应该用完成时态,所以选D,意思是“自从我上次看见你已经过去很多年了”。often cleaned by the worker.

The room____________9

正确答案解析

A. has

B. will be

C. was

D. is

表明是the room 解析:主语是单数,和谓语动词oftenclean之间是被动关系,而副词经常发生的动作,应用一般现在时,所以选D,意思是“房间经常由工人打扫”。in three years.

The railway 10 ____________正确答案解析 A. is complete

B. will completed

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C. has completed

D. will be completed

可知这个动作将要发生,应该用一般将来时态,而根据时间状语in three years解析:,意思是“铁路将在三年和谓语主语railwaycomplete之间是被动关系,所以答案为D 内完成”。eight years.

in 1937 and it________________________11 The Anti-Japanese War正确答案解析

last

A. break out …lasted

B. was broken out …last

C. broke out …lasted

D. broke out…

the in 1937根据时间状语可知这是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。主语解析:,意broke Anti-Japanese Warr和

谓语out是主动关系,不能用被动语态,所以答案为D 81937年,持续了年之久”。思是“抗日战争爆发于there before? you________________________12

解析正确答案

A. Have, been

B. Have, gone

C. Have, been to

D. Have gone to

have 解析:应该用本题意为“你以前去过哪儿吗?”,表明说话时双方都不在那个地方, Abeen to 结构,所以答案为。 his lessons from seven to eight last night.

Tom 13 ____________正确答案解析 A. was doing

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B. had done

C. were taken

D. had been taken

表示的是一段时间,所以应该用过去时间状语解析:from seven to eight last night A点到8点这段时间正在学习

功课”,所以答案为。7进行时,意思是“汤姆昨晚从thin. What happened to him?

____________14 He

解析正确答案 A. was getting

B. is getting

C. will getting

D. had been got

,意本句表示的是汤姆现在处于的一种状态,应该用现在进行时态,所以答案为解析:B 思是“他变得瘦了,发生了什么事情?”。my homework now.

I ____________15

正确答案解析

A. finish

B. finished

C. have finished

D. had finished

意思是“我现在已经完解析:此句用现在完成时表示某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,。C成了作业”,所以应该选第四单元Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

Ⅰ.

nearly 50 years ago.

That factory 1

____________正确答案解析))))))))).

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A. has been built

B. had built

C. was built

D. has built

,可知谓语动词应该用一般过去时;而主nearly 50 years ago根据时间状语答案讲解:。句子的意思是:“这个工the factory语和谓语build之间是被动关系,所以答案为C 年前。”厂修建于50coming years.

____________computer smaller and smaller in the 2 We all believe that

解析正确答案

A. can be become

B. will be got

C. will be changed

D. can turn

此题意思是:“我们都相信在未来几年中计算机会变得越来越小。”能表达此答案讲解:可以构成主系表结构,且不用和turn + adj.、选项。动词和意的只有A、BDbecomeget D被动语态,所以答案应选。 not to leave waste paper in public places any more.

He ____________3

正确答案解析 A. warns

B. warned

C. is warned

D. was warned

之间是被动关系,而这件事很明显是发生warnhe答案讲解:分析句子结构,主语和谓语。句子的意思是:“他被警告不要再把废纸扔在公共场所。”在过去,所以答案为D in time.

Don't worry. Everything will 4 ____________))))))))).

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解析正确答案 A. be finished

B. finish

C. finished

D. be finishing

之间是被动关系。在将来时态中,被动语和谓语动词finisheverything答案讲解:主语。句子的意思是:“不要担心,每件A态形式为“主语+will be + V.p.p.”,所以答案为事都会按时完成。”

小学五年级英语必须掌握的一些英语语法知识 一、时态 1、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:often (经常),usually (通常),always (总是), sometimes (有时),every week (day, year, month ...), on Sundays,… 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①am / is / are + not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为 动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 2、现在进行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now, look, listen, … 基本结构:am/is/are +doing 否定形式:am/is/are +not+doing 一般疑问句:把be 动词放在句首

第三人称单数 一般现在时的肯定句中,主语为第三人称单数的动词变化主 要体现在词尾的变化上,其规律大体有三点: 1. 一般情况下,直接在动词词尾+s,例如:get —gets; take — takes 2. 以s, sh, ch, x, o结尾的动词,在词尾+ es,例如:teach —teaches; wash —washes; go —goes 3. 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,变y为i,再+ es, 如: study —studies; try —tries 除上述规律外,还应注意下面三点: 1. 动词have,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用has;动 词be 的第三人称单数形式是is。 2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时,要用 doesn't + 动词原形,如: He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)—He doesn't go to school at six in the morning. 3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时, 要用助动词does,如: She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问)—When /

大学英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如: I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如: He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间 接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给 我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

14. 倒装 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, com e, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 倒装句之部分倒装

初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京? 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do?

1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京? 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用

should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如: How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。

3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与Which...? 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:

大学英语语法及练习 Last updated at 10:00 am on 25th December 2020

大学英语语法及练习 第一讲虚拟语气 I. 考点分析:分四级语法复习 虚拟语气是动词的特殊形式,用来表达说话人的意愿、建议、请求、意图、惊奇、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况,以及在说话人看来实现的可能性很小的情况。 虚拟语气是非常重要的语法考点。考查历届四级试题,我们发现与虚拟语气有关的考题每次至少2题,有时甚至3-4题。虚拟语气的考查要点有: 1. 虚拟语气的形式:分清虚拟时间和主从句的动词形式十分重要,因此我们把所有虚拟语气的不同类型列表归纳并进行对比,以便于同学们记忆掌握。

2. 要注意从句中第一/三人称的过去式was用were代替。 例如:If I were invited, I would come. If she were not ill, she could do a lot of things. 3. if条件句中如谓语动词是were, had, should, could时,可以省略if, 把它们前置。

例如: Had my father a lot of money, he would send me abroad. Could I do it, I would surely do it. Should the Black Death reappear, what should we do?(万一黑死病再次出现,我们该怎么办) 4. 错综时间的条件句是难点,如99年1月第60题: If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you wouldn’t be smiling now.(从句用过去完成时,主句用现在进行时) 又如:If I were you, I would have gone to the film last night.(从句虚拟现在,主句虚拟过去);If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.(从句虚拟过去,主句虚拟将来); If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句虚拟过去,主句虚拟现在) 5. 虚拟句的另一难点是省略if条件句的含蓄条件句,如: I would have written the paper before, but I have been ill.(=If I had not been ill, I would have written the paper before.); A true friend would have acted differently. (=A friend, if he had been true, would have acted differently.) 6. 注意介词短语 without, but for, in the absence等表示虚拟条件。

中考英语语法填空知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细) 一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析) 1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you" What is the most important in your life? ", maybe you will say" Computers and the Internet". The________(one)computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked________(slow). Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But________work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, "People can't live________computers today." The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-three years later than computers. But now it can________(find) almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do________(shop), play games or make friends. Many students like the Internet very much. They often surf the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don't know their real________(name), ages, and even sex(性别). They are so________(interest) in making the "unreal friends" that they can't put their hearts into study. Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects________of that. We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at________same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.【答案】first;slowly;they;without;be found;shopping;names;interested;because;the 【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了电脑的发明时间,以及电脑的用途。还有电脑对我们生活的影响。 (1)句意:第一台电脑是在1946年制造的。根据定冠词the,可知应使用序数词first,故答案是first。 (2)句意:它很大,但是工作得很慢。slow修饰动词worked,应使用副词slowly,故答案是slowly。 (3)句意:但是他们工作的越来越快了。空缺处指代前文的computers,因此使用they,故答案是they。 (4)句意:现在没有了电脑人们不能生活。因为电脑在我们日常生活中越来越重要。所以没有电脑就不能生活,没有without,故答案是without。 (5)句意:但是现在到处都可以发它。主语it 和find是被动关系,应使用被动语态,含有情态动词的被动语态是:情态动词+be+过去分词,故答案是be found。 (6)句意:我们可以用电脑读书、写信和购物,购物do shopping,固定搭配,故答案是shopping。 (7)句意:他们不知道他们真正的名字。name名字,可数名词,根据their可知应使用复数形式,故答案是names。 (8)句意:他们对于结交不真实的朋友那么感兴趣,以致于不能把心思用在学习上。be interested in,对……感兴趣,故答案是interested。 (9)句意:因为这个原因,他们中的许多人在许多课程山上跟不上其他学生。because of

大学英语语法与练习——u n i t14倒装

14. 倒装 14.1 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, com e, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes.Away they went. 14.1 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman.

Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 14.2 倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 1)句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, n ot until… 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。 注意:如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题

八年级下册英语语法知识点归纳总结 (2021最新版) 作者:______ 编写日期:2021年__月__日 【导语】要想取得好的学习成绩,必须要有良好的学习习惯。习惯是经过重复练习而巩固下来的稳重持久的条件反射和自然需要。建立良好的学习习惯,就会使自己学习感到有序而轻松。以下是小编为您整理的《八年级下册英语语法知识点归纳总结》,供大家查阅。 【篇一】 He said I was hard-working. 重点语法:宾语从句结构:主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语) 例句:----Im good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句)

----He says Im good at English. 注意:①主句是一般现在时态,宾语从句的时态不受其影响。例句:He says Im good at English now. He says I was good at mathematics when I was young. ②主句是过去时态,宾语从句也要用过去时态。例句:He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday. He said I was good at English now yesterday. ③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。例句:Our teacher says 24 hours make a day. Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday. ④动词原形不能作主语,必须用其 -ing 形式。例句:She said helping others changed her life. 重点短语:direct speech 直接引语 reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语 first of all = at first 首先 pass on 传递 be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好 in good health 身体健康 get over 克服 open up 打开 care for = take care of = look after 照料;照顾 not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再 have a cold 感冒 end-of-year exam 年终考试 get nervous 变得紧张 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(该事未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(该事已做) its + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说](加形容词) context 上下文 Reading Strategy(阅读方法) First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思,不在于文段的细节部分。) You can understand the meaning of a word you dont know from the context. (至于不懂的单词,

大学英语语法 (CET--4) 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如: He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接 宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁)/ He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课)/ The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里?)

Unit1 Ways of Learning Part II Reading Task Comprehension Content Question Pair Work 1.They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing. 2.Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into the slot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel. 3.They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him how to do it properly. 4.Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity. 5.Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel. 6.He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on can solve a problem effectively by oneself. 7.He means that this incident pointed to important differences in educational and artistic practices between China and the USA. 8.The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the child by guiding his hand in the characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child to explore and learn unaided. 9.One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6 painting flowers, fish and animals skillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and 10 years old were producing works; and in a third, young artists work on perfecting their craft for several hours a day. 10.Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge, and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity. 11.This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking. 12.The author makes the suggestion that we should strike a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills. Text Organization Working On Your Own 1.

高中英语语法权威解析 目录: 第01章名词性从句 第02章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 第03章高中英语语法中的省略现象 第04章主谓一致 第05章动词不定式 第06章倒装结构 第07章定语从句 第08章被动语态 第09章祈使句 第10章感叹句 第11章疑问句 第12章名词 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语

法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如: a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。(强调句型) d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。(强调句型) 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构

大学英语语法--系动词与实意动词 在解答词汇和语法结构题时,可用以下几种方法: 1. 看准就选的直接选择法 "词汇与结构"考试的题型由题句和四个备选答案组成。在四个答案中,只有一个是正确的,其余三个都是干扰项。考生在答题时,首先应当运用直接选择法,也就是在做题时找出题句中与备选答案相关的词,利用语法规则--一般为固定搭配或习惯用法,直接选出答案。一旦看准,就不必再往下看,这样既能节省时间,又能提高正确率。 例:1994年1月四级第45题: The police set a________ to catch the thieves. a. plan b. device c. trap d. trick 本句意思为:“警察设了一个陷阱来抓小偷。”“设圈套”的一般表达“set a trap”,是一个习惯搭配。 例:1994年1月四级第62题: Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes________the increase of cancers. a. towards b. for c. with d. to 本句涉及固定词组contribute to, 意为“有助于”“促成”,填入空格中,题句语义连贯。 例:1999年6月四级第51题 Tony is very disappointed________the results of the exam。 A) for B) toward C) on D) with 本题考查词组的搭配,be disappointed with意思是“对……失望”,大部分考生对此词组都很熟悉。 2. 逐个排除法 在答题时,如果不能从四个备选答案中根据词组的固定搭配或习惯用法直接选出答案的话,就应该从题的句子结构和上下文意思两方面加以考虑,通过对语义、语法、逻辑的分析,或通过词汇、语法、辨析来逐个排除,确定三项都有错误,以便推论不知意思的项为正确答案。 例:1999年月四级第50题 Being a pop star can be quite a hard life,________with a lot of travelling heavy schedules. A) as to B) in relation to C) owing to D) with regard to 选项C) owing to 的意思是“由于”。符合题意“由于时间很紧……”。选项A) as to 意思是“至于,关于”。选项B) in relation to 意思是“关于,涉及,与……相比”。而选项D) with regard to 意思是“关于”。 A)、B) 、D)三个选项在意思上都不符合题意。 例:1995年6月四级第48题 While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television________the newspaper completely. A) replaced B) have replaced C) replace D) will replace 本句的意思是“虽然人们可以从电视了解最新消息,但电视不大可能完全取代报纸”。句中unlikely表示说话人认为某事将来不大可能发生,或者认为不大可能成为事实,因此应当用陈述语气将来时。选项A) replaced 为一般过去时,从全句意思来看,显然不合适。应予以排除。选项B)have replace 违反了主谓语一致的原则,应予以排除。选项C) replace与单数主语television在数上不一致,也违反了主谓语一致原则,应予以排除。因此,本题答案为D) will replace。

关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里 https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee18280383.html,/test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 二.宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略),例如: I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如: 1) She did not know what had happened. 2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如: She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语 例如:Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语 例如:I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语: Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,

worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 4. It 可以作为形式宾语 It 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如: We heard it that she would get married next month.. 5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如: I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they won the match. (wrong) 6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中,常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如: He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) 7. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,

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