杨浦区2016高三英语二模试卷及答案

杨浦区2015学年度高三年级英语二模

2016. 4

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

Data suggests the majority of women who smoke (25) ______(try) to quit if they find out they?re pregnant, but it?s unclear whether they keep it up after they?ve given birth. A new study adds to the evidence, (26) ______(show) that nearly half of women who kick the habit while pregnant will become smokers once again.

The new report, (27) ______(publish) Tuesday in the journal Addiction, looked at 27 different trials that attempted to help pregnant women quit smoking. The researchers took a closer look at (28) ______ these women stayed non-smokers six months after giving birth. They found that among the women who were offered some sort of smoking cessation intervention（停止干预）, 13% were able to quit sometime during the pregnancy and remain abstinent（节制的）when they delivered. The other 87% of women either tried to quit and were not able to do so, (29) ______ they did not attempt to kick the habit. Of (30) ______ 13% that did quit, the researchers found that 43% started smoking again by six months.

“Most pregnant smokers do not achieve abstinence from smoking while they are pregnant, and among those that do, most (31) ______ re-start smoking within 6 months of childbirth,” the study authors write. “This would suggest that (32) ______ large amounts of health-care expenditure on smoking cessation, few women and their offspring gain the maximum benefits of cessation.”

(B)

New statistics have been released today that show gang crimes are on the increase in the UK. They also show that there has been a rise in teenagers (33) ______(arrest) for crimes such as burglary and shoplifting. Many people feel that, (34) ______nothing is done soon, this problem is likely to get worse.

More and more children are turning to gangs because they don?t know anything different. These children are often from broken families (35) ______ _____ there is no father figure. Our idea involves (36) ______(identify) children between the ages of five and eleven who we feel are at risk. We then assign these children to police officers who act as mentors. The officers meet up with the children once a week to do

the normal things that most children of their age do.

We know that children as young as seven have been used by gangs (37) ______(carry) their weapons. One of the biggestproblems is peer pressure. A lot of these children feel that, because all their friends are in gangs, they should be too. If we can show these children that there are other options, we hope they (38) ______(not persuade) to join the gangs. We?ve been experimenting with the scheme for six months in the London area and the results are very(39) ______ (encourage). We will probably take the idea to other cities throughout the UK next year. If we are successful, then we will see (40) _____ (few) young children turning to crime and these neighbourhoods will be made safer for everyone.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. maximum

B. cure

C. suspected

D. target

E. contain

F. alarming

G. fertile H. carry I. breeding J. tricky K. supported

World Health Organization (WHO) Director General Margaret Chan said on Tuesday Brazil is doing a good job tackling the Zika virus and ensuring that the Olympic games it will host in August will be safe for athletes and visitors.

Chan said Brazil's government is doing all it can to mobilize Brazilian society in fighting the Aedes mosquitoes that __41__ the virus that has spread rapidly through the Americas since last year.

"I want to reassure you that the government is working very closely with the international Olympic movement, with the local organizing committee, __42__ by the WHO, to make sure we have a very good work plan to __43__ the mosquito, and to make sure that people who will come here either as visitors or athletes will get the __44__ protection they need," Chan said.

The virus has been linked in Brazil to a(n) __45__ increase in the birth of babies with abnormally small heads, a condition known as microcephaly. Brazil's Health Ministry said on Tuesday that the number of confirmed and __46__ cases of microcephaly has risen to 4,690 from 4,443 a week earlier.

Brazilian authorities are taking action to __47__ the outbreak which threatens to keep visitors from attending the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro five months from now. With no __48__ or vaccine (疫苗）for Zika, the only way to deal with the virus at present is to reduce the population of the Aedes mosquito.

She praised Rousseff's leadership in organizing the whole of Brazilian society in a campaign to destroy the mosquito's __49__ places in urban areas and in cooperating with other countries in the research and development of diagnostic tools and a vaccine.

"The Zika virus is very __50__. We should expect this to be a long journey," she said. "Based on what I have seen here, I can tell you: the mosquito is difficult, but it cannot beat Brazil," Chan said.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

There are many things parents can do to help children with autism (自闭症) overcome their challenges. Learning all you can about autism and getting __51__ in treatment will go a long way toward helping your child. Additionally, the following tips will make daily home life easier for both you and your autistic child:

?Be consistent（一致的）. Children with autism have a hard time __52__ what they?ve learned if there is a change of setting. For example, your child may use sign language at school to communicate, but never think to do so at home.

Creating __53__ in your child?s environment is the best way to reinforce learning.

Find out what your child?s therapists are doing and continue their techniques at home. Explore the __54__ of having therapy take place in more than one place in order to encourage your child to __55__ what he or she has learned from one environment to another. It?s also important to be consistent in the way you __56__ with your child and deal with challenging behaviors.

?__57__ a schedule. Children with autism tend to do best when they have a highly-structured schedule or routine. Again, this goes back to the consistency they both need and crave. Set up a schedule for your child, with __58__ times for meals, therapy, school, and bedtime. Try to keep disturbance to this routine to a __59__. If there is an unavoidable schedule change, prepare your child for it __60__.

?__61__ good behavior. Positive reinforcement can go a long way with children with autism, so make an effort to “catch them doing something good.” Praise them when they act appropriately or learn a new skill, being very __62__ about what behavior they?re being praised for.

?Pay attention to your child?s sensory sensitivities. Many children with autism are hypersensitive to light, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Other children with autism are “under-sensitive” to sensory stimuli. __63__ what sights, sounds, smells and movements cause your kid?s “bad” or disruptive behaviors and what brings about a(n) __64__ respons e. If you understand what affects your child, you?ll be better at solving problems, preventing situations that cause difficulties, and creating __65__ experiences.

51. A. encouraged B. balanced C. absorbed D. involved

52. A. applying B. devoting C. communicating D. appealing

53. A. attraction B. comfort C. steadiness D. attention

54. A. possibility B. goal C. process D. solution

55. A. transplant B. transfer C. transport D. transform

56. A. meet B. interact C. negotiate D. associate

57. A. Draw up B. Arrange for C. Work out D. Stick to

58. A. regular B. flexible C. appropriate D. normal

59. A. decrease B. mystery C. minimum D. secret

60. A. without doubt B. in private C. without notice D. in advance

61. A. Control B. Perform C. Reward D. Maintain

62. A.curious B. specific C. particular D. anxious

63. A. Figure out B. Account for C. Put up D. Take on

64. A. automatic B. immediate C. positive D. quick

65. A. frustrating B. successful C. professional D. unpleasant

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

It?s fight night in Berlin club. The lights go down, the door opens and out walks a salesman from San Francisco. David “Double D” Depto has travelled 8,000 kilometres in search of glory. As he first walks, then jogs, towards the boxing ring, the muscular, bare-chested American looks cool and confident. But so does his opponent. Waiting for him in the blue corner is Frank Stoldt, a tall, strong German policeman, who calls himself “Anti-Terror Frank”. For obvious reasons, the crowd is on h is side.

The bell rings. Round one! The fighters come out. But then, something rather strange happens. The two players sit down at a table which has a chessboard on it and start playing chess – in the middle of the boxing ring.

“Why?” you may ask yoursel f. Well, this is chessboxing, and tonight is the final of the first chessboxing World Championship.

The rules of a chessboxing match are simple. There is one round of chess and then one round of boxing. Punching power alternates with brain power. All in all, you

have 11 rounds in which to checkmate your opponent – or knock him out.

Two sports in one means double the pain, and double the pressure. Before this big fight, Frank spent hours doing exercises that prepared his mind as well as his muscles. Winners in chessboxing are people whose mental strength equals their physical strength.

But why do it in the first place? Why put yourself through this physical and mental torture? For David Depto, it?s all about proving that you can be a boxer and still have a brain. The sport has taken off in Germany, where they are preparing the next generation of chessboxing champions. It?s even being taught in a Berlin school.

Back in the ring, it is round seven and the players are locked in battle around the chessboard, sweat pouring from their foreheads. Suddenly, Frank Stoldt sees an opening and moves in to finish the match. Queen to G7… checkmate!

The referee stops the match, the crowd erupts–the local hero has won and is given the world title belt, which proves that, when it comes to mixing brains and muscle, Germany really is the Grand Master.

66. Why is it “obvious” that the crowd wants Frank Stoldt to win?

A. He is a policeman.

B. He has powerful muscle.

C. He is a host player.

D. He fights against terrorism.

67. What?s the way in which a match can finish?

A. Either checkmate the opponent or knock him out.

B. One of the players gives up or is sent to hospital.

C. The referee counts down eight to zero in the round of chess.

D. The player finds the opening into the court which is locked.

68. What?s TRUE about chessboxing?

A. Compared with boxing, it means half danger and half stress.

B. It requires more mental strength than physical strength.

C. The sport is popular in Germany, where it is a school subject.

D. The players play chess in the middle of the boxing ring.

69. The underlined word “erupt” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to

______.

A. leave the stadium

B. burst into cheers

C. interrupt the ceremony

D. fight with the opposing fans

(B)

Hot Air Balloon Sydney For 2, Weekend Flight

Item: HO12955TA

Location: Windsor

Sydney Our Price:

$299(per person for Hot Air Balloon Flight for 2 (there will be others in the balloon basket with you)

?Colour flight certificate

Experience

people. Rising

unpacking and preparing the balloon for flight

spectacle in itself! After an exciting launch, you'll drift with

the wind silently over the parklands, homes and hills of the

Hawkesbury region of Sydney.

Hot Air Ballooning begins in the cool, still hours of the early

morning,

determined

around

begins

portable fan. Once the balloon starts to take shape the burner

is lit, heating the air inside. The hot air inside is lighter than

the cool air outside and this is what creates the lift and why it

is called a Hot Air Balloon. Passengers are welcome to assist

the

launch site, which only takes about 20 minutes.

The

peaceful.

world below. The silence is only broken with blasts from the

To top off the morning you'll celebrate with a full gourmet breakfast. This adventure is for 2 people. There will be other people in the balloon basket with you.

Hot Air Balloon flights take place at sunrise. The exact time of your Hot Air Balloon flight experience will vary based upon the time of year and will be sent to you upon booking.

70. The price $299 includes ______.

A.full gourmet breakfast

B. two persons? Hot Air Balloon Flight

C. tips for the Tourism Award winners

D. the accident insurance of the participants

71. Why does Hot Air Ballooning begin before dawn?

A. Tourists needn?t queue for the flight.

B. The air at that time is cooler and more stable.

C. Tourists can see the spectacular sunrise in the sky.

D. Travelers have to start the adventure with their stomach empty.

72. Which of the following is the correct order of the Hot Air Balloon Flight?

①Inflate the balloon

②Heat the air inside

③Drift over the Hawkesbury region

④The balloon rises into the sky

⑤Light the burner

A. ⑤②④①③

B. ②⑤①④③

C. ①④⑤②③

D. ①⑤②④③

73. Which of the following statement is TRUE？

A. The people in the basket are all tourists.

B. The burner is off after the balloon is launched.

C. The balloon is launched at the fixed time and place.

D. Those who have experienced the flight can get a certificate.

(C)

It has been called …the hotel of mum and dad? but few guesthouses have such favourable terms. As the housing crisis bites, a fifth of young adults are staying in the family home until they are at least 26 and the same proportion are not paying a penny towards their keep. A recent survey found that the proportion of adults living at home varied around the country, from just under 9% in the East Midlands to more than double that in London, where house prices and rents are highest. While many around

the country contributed financially, the survey found that 20% were paying nothing at all.

Young adults are being squeezed by low wages and rents, which have hit record highs, while those who want to buy a property are finding the monthly cost of renting is preventing them from saving enough to get on the housing ladder. Research published by the homeless charity Shelter showed half of tenants were unable to save a penny towards a deposit, while a quarter could only put by ￡100 or less each month. Mortgages(抵押贷款) are cheaper than ever before thanks to record low interest rates but the best deals are still reserved for borrowers with large deposits.

Faced with this, young adults are increasingly returning to the family home in order to save money and parents who cannot afford to offer their offspring a lump sum seem willing to help.

A spokesman for the company conducting the survey commented: “The hotel of mum and dad is often staying open for longer than many anticipated, our latest research shows. Rental costs and deposits or the need to save for a mortgage deposit mean that some children understandably have to wait before flying the nest. And, for some, moving out may never be an option.”

Sue Green, of Saga, a business that sells insurance to people over 50, said most parents will be more than happy to have them in the family home rent-free because it might help their kids get on the property ladder sooner. “Children who don?t pay rent may contribute in other ways like buying groceries, family takeaways or doing odd jobs around the home.”

Angus Hanton, of the Intergenerational Foundation thinktank, said older generations were “the architects of the housing crisis” and children should not be blamed for staying at home. “The under-30s have suffered a reduction in average incomes of about 20% since the 2008 downturn. Rents and car insurance have never been so high and mortgage lending rules are now stricter for the young but not for older buy-to-let investors, who squeeze out the young,” he said. “Many jobs on offer – zero-hour and short-term contracts – are turning younger workers into second-class citizens. Rather than blaming the young, we should help them so they can afford to build lives of their own.”

74. What makes it difficult for the young people to save enough to pay a deposit for a

mortgage?

A.The record low wage and rent.

B. The high interest rates of mortgage.

C. The high monthly cost of renting a house.

D. The large amount of money they pay for their keep.

75. The underlined phrase “flying the nest” in para 4 means ______.

A. getting a well-paid and promising job

B. being permitted to buy his own house

C. having time and money to have a holiday

D. moving away from parents? home as an adult

76. Which of the following statements is FALSE？

A. 25% of the tenants can save more than ￡100 each month.

B. Most parents com plain about running “the hotel of mum and dad”.

C. The proportions of adults living at home are different around the country.

D. Children who pay nothing towards their keep may contribute in other ways.

77. Which of the following is NOT Angus Hanton?s o pinion?

A. The older generations are to blame for the housing crisis.

B. Young workers without permanent jobs feel inferior to others.

C. The mortgage rules are designed to the advantage of the young.

D. Young people?s income declined because of the ec onomic depression.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

When did Christopher Columbus first sail to the Americas? Everyone can answer

that question: 1492. When did the industrial revolution begin? Not everyone can

answer that –and even those who can might give different answers. When writing

your research paper, you must know when to tell your readers where you got your

information, and when you can assume they know and accept your information.

The information you include in your research paper must be properly documented.

That is, you need to identify where you found the information in your paper. By citing

（引用）the sources of all ideas, statements, and quotations that you used, you allow your readers to judge the validity（正确性、有效性）of the information. For example, information quoted from a respected historical journal will carry more weight than a statement quoted from a TV dramatization.

By citing your sources properly, you acknowledge those people whose ideas you

are using. Since they developed the facts, opinions, and analyses that you have

borrowed, they deserve a mention in your work.

In addition, by citing your sources properly, you avoid plagiarism（剽窃）– the presentation of someone else?s ideas or statements as your own. You should cite your source whether you use the information word for word or you paraphrase it.

While you want to credit others for their work, you don?t have to cite the source of common knowledge. Examples of common knowledge include widely accepted facts, such as that the Andes are in South America or that the Magna Carta was signed in 1215. Widely known proverbs, famous quotations, and simple definitions are also common knowledge.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)

78. Why do few writers cite the source of the information that Columbus first

sailed to the Americas in 1492?

_________________________________________________________________ 79. Proper citation of information sources makes it possible for readers

_________________________________________________________________

80. If a writer uses others? ideas, he should cite his sources to __________________.

81. What may happen to the writer if he doesn?t cite the source of information?

_________________________________________________________________.

第II卷（共47分）

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 当你独自在外时，记得让手机保持开机状态。(keep)

2. 他不顾新颁布的法律，坚持在春节期间燃放烟花。(regardless)

3. 任何情况下父母都不能强迫孩子去做超出他们能力范围的事情。(circumstances)

4. 正是他在一家IT公司的工作经历才使他在众多的申请者中脱颖而出。

（enable）

5. 人工智能程序AlphaGo打败顶级职业选手的消息引起了全世界的关注。

（concern）

II. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

智能手机通常被认为是对学习的干扰，但现在很多学生把它作为学习的工具。请结合你自身或身边同学利用手机进行学习或阅读的经历，谈谈你对这种新的学习方式的看法。

17. fully-equipped 18. control 19. lifeguard 20. 25765018

21. sorting out 22. empty plastic bottles 23. comic books/comics

24. protect the planet

25. try、will try 26. showing 27. published 28. whether 29. or 30. the 31. will 32. despite 33. being arrested 34. if 35. in which 36. identifying 37. to carry 38. won?t be persuaded 39. encouraging 40. fewer

41-50 H K D A F C E B I J

51-65 D A C A B B D A C D C B A C B

66-69 C A D B 70-73 A B D D 74-77 C D B C

1.Remember to keep your cell phone on when you?re away from home alone.

2.Regardless of the newly-issued law, he insisted on setting off fireworks during the

Spring Festival.

3.Under no circumstances can parents force their kids to do what is beyond their

capacity.

4.It was his working experience in an IT company that enabled him to stand out

among so many applicants.

5.The news that artificial intelligence program AlphaGo defeated top professional

player has caused worldwide concern.