初中英语不定代词

孤注：复合不定代词有12个:something（某事）,someone（某人）， somebody 保人）,anything（任何事）,anyone（任何人）,anybody（任何人）, nothi ng（没事）,n obody（没有人），no one（没有人）,everyth in g（一切）,

everyone（每个人）, everybody（每个人）.

（1）some 和any 的用法:

some一般用于肯定句中，意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如:I have some work to do today. （今天我有些事情要做）/ They will go there some day.（他们有朝一日会去那儿）

some 用于疑问句时, 表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。如:Would you

like some coffee

with sugar?（你要加糖的咖啡吗,）

any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中, 意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个” , 作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如:They didn 't have any friends here. （他们在这里没有朋友）/

Have you got any questions to ask?（你有问题要问吗,）

any 用于肯定句时, 意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.（随便带什么朋友来吧。）

⑵no和none的用法：

no 是形容词, 只能作定语表示, 意思是“没有” , 修饰可数名词（单数或复数）或不可数名词。如:There is no time left. Please hurry up.（没有时间了,请快点）/ They had no reading books to

lend.（他们没有阅读用书可以出借）

none只能独立使用，在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语，意思是“没有一个人（或

事物）”,表示复数或单数。如:None of them is/are in the classroom.（他们当

中没有一个在教室里） / I have many

books, but none is interesting.（我有很多的书, 但没有一本是有趣的）

（3） all 和both 的用法:

all 指三者或三者以上的人或物, 用来代替或修饰可数名词; 也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。

both 指两个人或物, 用来代替或修饰可数名词。all 和both 在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如:I know all of the four British students in their school.（他们学校里四个英国学生我全认识） / --Would you like this one or that one? - Both.（你要这个还是那个,两个都要。）

all 和both 既可以修饰名词（all/both+（the）+ 名词）, 也可以独立使用, 采用

“all/both + of the + 名词（复数）”的形式, 其中的of 可以省略。如:All （of）（the） boys are naughty.（是男孩都调皮）

（4） every 和each 用法:

every 是形容词, 只能作定语修饰单数名词, 意思是“每一个” , 表示整体概念; each 是形容词、代词, 可用作主语、宾语、定语等, 意思是“每个”或者“各个”, 表示单个概念;each 可以放在名词前, 可以后跟of 短语, 与动词同时出现时要放在“ be 动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者行为动词之前

every 和each 都用作单数理解, 但是下文中既可以用单数的代词（如he/him/his）也可以用复数的代词（如they/them/their）替代。如:Every one of the students in his

class studies very hard.（他

班上每个学生学习都很用功） / They are very busy. Each of them has something to do.（他们很忙, 人人都有事干）

（5）either 和neither 的用法:

either 意思是“两个中间的任何一个” ;neither 是either 的否定形式, 意思是“两个都不”。neither 和either 在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等, 都用作单数。如:I don ' t care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. （我不介意喝些什么, 两个之中随便哪个都行） / --Will you go there by bus or by car? - Neither. I will go there by train.（你坐公车去还是坐轿车去,一个

都不

坐, 我坐火车去。）

（6）other 、the other 和another 的用法:

other 意思是“另一”、“另一些” , 有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。another 意思是“另外”、“又一个” , 表示增加, 在句中可作宾语和定语。如: Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking.（有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌, 别的就躺在草地上说话） /

You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one?（你已经吃

了好几块饼子了, 你真

的还要一块,） / I want another four books.（我还要四本书）

another（另外的，再一，又一）与the other（另外的一个）主要从数量上区分，只有两个时用the other, 在原先基础上增加用another。如：This is one of your socks.

Where is the other one?（这

是你的一只袜子,还有一只呢,） / I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.（我已经吃了 4 块

蛋糕, 但是我还要以块。）

others 与the others 的主要区别:others 意为some of the rest ，所指的是三个以上的人或物

中除去以知部分后“余下部分中的某一些”，非特指。 e.g. I don ' t like these.

Please let me see some others. 我不喜欢这些，请另外给我一些瞧瞧

the others 意为all of the rest ，指三个以上的人或物中除去以知部分以后“余下部分中的全

部”，系特指。例如: e.g. Ten of us are from Chongqing, and the others are from

Chengdu. 我

们中间有10人来自重庆，其余的（都）来自成都。（注:要么来自重庆，要么来

自成都。）

（7） many和much的用法：

many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用；much意思是“很多”,与不可数名

词连用。它们在

句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。如：I don 't have many friends her e.（在这里我没有很多的朋

友。） /Many died in the bus accident.（许多人在公交车祸中丧失） / We

can learn much with the help of him.（在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多）

many和much—般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many

/ much 用于肯

定句时可以在前面加上so、very 或too. 如： There are a lot of people on

the playground.（操场

上有许多的人）/ They haven 't got much work to do.（他们没有多少事情可做） /

There are too many people in the room.（房间里人太多了。）（8）few 、little 、a few 、a little 的用法：

few、little 意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有” ,有否定的意思,a few 、a little 意思是“有几个”、

“有些” , 有肯定的意思;few 、 a few 与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物,

little 、a little 与不可

数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如: He is very poor and he has little money.（他很穷, 几乎没有什么钱。） / Don't worry. There is still a little time left.（别着急, 还有一点儿时间呢。） / In that polar region there live few people.（在那个极地地区几乎不住人） / You can get a few sweets from him.（你可

以从他那儿弄到一些糖果）

（9）复合不定代词

somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody 等是由some ,

any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的, 叫做复合

不定代词, 在句子中当单数使用。

somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中;anything, anybody,anyone 一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语, 应放在它们的后面。如:Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.（嗨,丽丽,门外有人。） / Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?（上个星期天

你来学校时见到什么人了吗,）/He has nothing much to do today.（他今天没有多少事情做）

（10）one 与ones 用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物, 前面可以加冠词、形容

词、指示代词、which 等。如:

Which jacket would you like, this one or that one?（你要哪件夹克, 这件还是那件, / I don 't like the green ones.（我不喜欢绿色的那些）

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