《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—介词的分类汇编及答案解析

《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—介词的分类汇编及答案解析
《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—介词的分类汇编及答案解析

一、选择题

1.Jim and Tim are talking _______ the phone.

A.at B.on C.with D.in

2.—What do you think your life will________next year?

—My life will be________better than it is now.

A.be like; very B.be like; a lot C.be; a lot

3.The Beijing Daxing InternationalAirport opened________ September 25th, 2019.

A.to B.at C.in D.on

4.(2016●泰州市) --As a nurse, her work goes taking care of her patients.

--Yes, she always thinks of others.

A.beyond B.beside C.behind D.between

5.— What kind of home do you ? — A flat three bedrooms.

A.live in; with B.live; with C.live in; has D.live; has 6.Thanks ______your family photos, they are very nice.

A.to B.in C.for D.at

7.He is__________ outgoing student long hair..

A.a,with, B.an,with C.a,of D.an,of

8.---What’s y our hobby ? ---______collecting balls, I also like different kinds of CDs. A.Besides B.Except C.Beside D.About

9.My cousin Mary was born ___ a singing voice.

A.from B.in C.with

10.We have four lessons ________ the morning.

A.in B.on C.at D.for

11.There is an old bridge __________the river. Be careful (小心) when you ________________ it.

A.over; across B.over; cross C.on; cross D.on; across 12.North Korea is________Asia. It’s________the northeast of China and________the west of Japan.

A.in, to, on B.in, on, to C.on, in, to D.to, on, in 13.Shanghai is ________ the east of China and _________ the west of Japan.

A.in; to B.in; in

C.to; to D.to; in

14.Don’t leave the room _____ the light on .

A.in B.on C.about D.with

15.The river runs_______ the city. And there are many beautiful bridges_______ the river. A.across; through B.through; over

C.through; through D.across; over

16.My teacher runs ______ the morning. But he doesn't run ______ Sunday morning.

A.in;on B.on;in C.in;in D.on;on 17.There is a computer _______ the desk.

A.on B.in C.under D.for 18.Nature has given us the ability to learn________watching others. Children do it naturally. A.by B.in C.on

19.Tom and Black clothes store is ______a great sale. It has nice shirts _______all colors. A.at; in B.on; at C.of; in

20.—It's wonderful, isn't it?

— Yes, The large grassland, reaching out far away, looks very beautiful________the blue and clean sky.

A.against B.above C.through D.past

21.--Excuse me, Sir. Can you tell me the way to the zoo?

--Walk__________the bridge, you'll see the zoo__________your right.

A.on; by B.across; at C.across; on D.on; along

22.—Hi, Jane. What time do you get up __________ weekdays?

—I usually get up __________ about six o’clock.

A.in; at B.on; at C.at; at D.on; on 23.—What are these ________ English?

—These are egg-cups.

A.at B.to C.on D.in

24.The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020.

A.on B.in C.at D.of

25.Look! The girl ________ green clothes is my sister and the boy ________ big eyes is my brother.

A.in; has B.in a; has a C.in; with D.in a; with a 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:吉姆和提姆正在电话上交谈。A. at在;B. on在……上,通过;使用;借助于;C. with与……一起;D. in在……里。talk on the phone在电话上交谈。答案为B。

2.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你认为你明年的生活将会怎么样?——我的生活将会比现在更好。

考查介词用法和形容词比较级修饰词。do you think为插入语,What…be like中like为介词,what作like的宾语,表示“明年的生活会怎么样”,排除C;第二个空修饰形容词比较级better,very修饰形容词原级,a lot可以修饰比较级。故选B。

3.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:北京大兴国际机场在2019年9月25日开通了。

考查时间介词用法。to 到……时候;at在某一时刻;in在某月、某年;on在具体某一天。根据空格后面的September 25th, 2019可知在2019年9月25日用介词on,故选D。4.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——作为护士,她的工作超出了照顾病人的范畴。——是的,她总是为其他人考虑。beyond超过;beside旁边;behind在……后面;between两者之间。根据句意可知,表示“超出了……的范畴”。故选A。

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:-你喜欢住在什么样的家里?-一个带三个卧室的公寓。

考查谓语动词,live in住在某地;live居住,不及物动词;has有,动词;with带有,介词。在第一个句子中,what是句子的宾语,故live后应加介词in,排除B和D;答语是省略回答,完整回答是I live in a flat….,故空后是一个后置定语,修饰名词A flat,应用介词with。故选A。

6.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:谢谢你的家庭照片,它们非常漂亮。考查介词辨析题。thank不和in及at搭配,可排除BD两项。thanks to幸亏,后接代词;thank for为……而感谢,后接名词或动名词。根据句意语境,可知thanks to不合句意,故选C。

7.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:他是一位留着长发的外向的学生。Outgoing第一个因素是原因,所以用an; with结构作定语。所以选B。

8.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:---你的爱好是什么?---除了收集球以外,我也喜欢各种各样的CD。本题主要考查介词词义辨析。A. Besides意为“除……之外(还有)”;B. Except “除……之外(不再有)”;C. Beside“除……之外(表示排斥)”;D. About大约。根据 also可知,收集球也是我的兴趣爱好,包含关系,故选A。

9.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我的表妹玛丽天生具有唱歌的嗓子。

考查介词辨析。from来自;in在……里面;with和;be born with…天生具有……。据句意,故选C。

10.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我们上午有四节课。

考查时间介词,A. in+年/月/日/季节或早晨、下午和晚上;B. on+具体的某一天上午或下午;C. at+具体时间短;D. for+一段时间。这里是固定用法“in the morning上午”,符合语法,故选A。

【点睛】

In,on和at在表达时间方面的区别

in+年、月、季节;泛指在上午,下午,晚上,如:in the morning(afternoon,evening)

in spring 在春季 in September 在九月

on指在某一天或某一天的上午,下午,晚上,具体到某一天、节日

如:on Monday,on Sunday afternoon,on July 1,1999 on New Year’s Day

at,一般表示点时间,如at six o’clock, at three thirty.

习惯用法:at night,at noon,

注意:在英语中,如果时间名词前用this,last,next 等修饰时,像这样的表示,“在某时”的时间短语前,并不需要任何介词。

例如:last month 在上个月 this year在今年 next year在明年。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:河上有一座古老的桥。当你过桥时要小心。

考查介词与动词的用法。over表示“在……正上方”,on在……的表面(有接触); cross 经过,动词;across穿过,介词。这里首先桥不与河接触,并且在正上方;第二个空缺少的是谓语动词。故答案为B。

12.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:朝鲜在亚洲。它在中国的东北方,日本的西边。

本题考查介词。be in表示某地的内部,be on表示两个地方相邻接壤,be to表示两地相邻中间相隔。第一空表示朝鲜在亚洲的内部,用介词in。第二空表示朝鲜与中国接壤,用介词on。第三空表示朝鲜与日本相邻,中间隔着海,因此用介词to。故选B。

13.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:上海在中国的东部,日本的西面。

考查介词。in表示在一个范围之内的某个方向上;to表示不在一个范围内的某个方向上。根据句意可知,上海是中国的一个城市,属于中国的范围,但是不属于日本,因此应选A。

14.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:in在……里面;on在作用中;about关于;with带有,伴随。这里是with的复合结构,with+宾语+副词。句意:不要开着灯离开房间。结合语境可知选D。

考点:考查with的复合结构。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这条河穿过城市。而且河上有许多美丽的桥。从内部穿过用through,在某物的垂直上方用over,根据分析可知答案,故选B。

考点:考查介词辨析。

16.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:我的老师早上跑步。但是他在周日的早上不跑步。

考查介词。in作为时间介词时,后面跟不具体的时间,例如某年或某月这样的大范围时间或者用于in the morning、in the afternoon这样的固定搭配中;on作为时间介词时,后跟具体到某一天的时间。前面的在早上应该用in the morning;第二空后是Sunday morning,是具体的时间,前面需要用介词on,故选A。

17.A

解析:A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:在书桌上有一台电脑。A. on 在……之上;B. in 在……里;C. under 在……的下面;D. for 为了。结合句意,电脑应在桌子上。故选A。

考点:考查介词的用法。

18.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:大自然赋予我们通过观察别人来学习的能力。孩子们做得很自然。

考查介词辨析。by通过,表方式;in表时间或地点;on表时间或地点。根据题干“to learn ________ watching others”可知表方式,by doing sth.通过做某事。故选A。

19.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:汤姆和布莱克服装店正在大减价。它有各种颜色的漂亮衬衫。

考查介词,at prep. 在(表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间),以(某种价格、速度等);in prep. 在……里,在……以后,在……状态中;on prep. 在……上,以……为目标,向,朝……;of prep. 的,属于……的,由……组成的。观察句子,这里表示大减价,应该用at;第二空是跟颜色,应该用介词In,故选A。

20.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——太棒了,是吗?——是的,大片的草地延伸到远方,在清澈的蓝天背景的衬托下看起来极为美丽。

考查介词辨析。against 反对;在……的衬托下。above在……上面; 超过;through通过,穿过; past过去的,以前的分析句意,_______ the blue and clean sky,意思应该是"在蓝天白云的衬托下",故选A。

【点睛】

through和past意思容易混淆,注意through 通过, 穿过, 经过, 遍及, 贯穿(有从内部穿过的意思,比如隧道)。past是经过……时间、路过……地方。

21.C

解析:C

【解析】句意:---打扰一下,先生。你能告诉我去动物园的路吗?---穿过这座桥,你会在你的右边看到动物的。短语“走过”是“walk/go across”,“在你的右边”是“on your right”。

点睛:本题是考察问路的相关表达,可以日常积累指路的常用表达,如Walk along/walk straight down 沿着…走/沿着…直走;Turn left/right向左/右转;Take the first/second left/right turn在第一个/第二个路口左转/右转等;on one’s left/right在某人的左/右边等,便于快速选出答案。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:你在平时几点起床?我通常在六点起床。在工作日或周末用介词on ,在几点用介词at.故选B。

考点:考查介词的用法。

23.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——这些用英语怎么说?——这些是鸡蛋杯。

考查介词辨析。at在……;to到……;on在……上;in在……中,用……语言。分析句子可之,此处构成“in English”短语,表示“用英语”。故选D。

24.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:下一届奥运会将于2020年7月27日在日本举行。

考查介词。on具体某天;in后跟年代、季节和月份;at在……点时;of……的;根据句意理解可知,这里是具体到了某月某日的时间,英语中具体的某一天要用介词on,故选A。【点睛】

时间介词in,at,on的用法要注意区别。口诀为:时间长的要用in,年代、季节和月份;具体某天要用on,几月几号,星期几;时间点时用at,包括noon和night;上下午晚上很特殊,单独出现要用in,具体描述要用on。

25.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:看!那个穿着红色衣服的女孩是我的姐姐,那个有一双大眼睛的男孩是我的弟弟。考查介词及零冠词。“in+颜色+(衣物名词)”表达“穿着什么颜色的衣服”;clothes是一个集体数名词,本身就是复数,前面不需要加a。第二句“is ”是句子的谓语部分,空处不需要动词只需要加介词“with”表示伴随状态描述人的相貌“有一双大眼睛的男孩”;eyes是一个复数名词,前面不需要加a。故选C。

初中英语语法大全

初中英语语法大全 名词 一名词的定义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。 二名词的分类: 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 注意 专有名词一般第一个字母要大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 名词的种类 注意 物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目来计算,称为不可数名词。不可数名词前不能加冠词a或an来表示量。 (三)名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式: 1.单数 英语中,如果我们要表示一本书、一只鸟、一棵树等概念时,要用名词的单数

形式,表示名词的单数,要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。 There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子 an new orange (×)→ a new orange (○) 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk (×)→ an old desk (○) 一张旧课桌 关键字:初中英语语法大全初中英语语法总结初中英语语法辅导英语语法大全名词复数名词所有格复数冠词抽象名词 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前,如a book,a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前,如an egg,an apple。 注意 有时a,an后面紧接的不是单数名词,而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时,要看形容词开头字母的发音,而不是看名词。 2.复数

初中英语语法介词知识点总结.

初中英语语法介词知识点归纳 1.in; on; at用在时间词前,表“在” 1at + 具体时刻 2on + 具体某天(具体某天的上、下午等;星期词;以及上、下午词前有修饰词时 3in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分 但注意:at night= in the night at noon at this / that time at Christmas eg. 1.___ the morning 2.___ Monday morning 3. ___ a rainy evening 4. ___3:50 5.__ 2002 6.___ the morning of April 10 7.___ spring 8.___ night 9.___ this time 10. ___ March 另外注意:在时间词(morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday…前有last, next , this , that 时,不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。 eg. I will go(A to the cinema(B in(C this evening.

2. in , on , at 表地点: at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某个范围之内;on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如: eg. 1He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday. 2They arrived ___a small village before dark. 3There is a big hole ____ the wall. 4The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall. 3.in , on , to表方位 in(范围内;on(范围外且接壤;to(范围外但不接壤。可表示为下图的位置关系 eg.1Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 3Japan is to the east of China. cross: 动词“跨过,越过”=go across 4. across: (表面跨过 through: (内部穿过,贯穿介词 eg. 1Can you swim _____ the river? 2The road runs __________ the forest. 3 _____ the bridge, you’ll find a cinema.

初中英语语法知识—名词的分类汇编附答案

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