高考英语名词知识点知识点总复习附答案

高考英语名词知识点知识点总复习附答案
高考英语名词知识点知识点总复习附答案

高考英语名词知识点知识点总复习附答案

一、选择题

1.Our natural ________ are limited. This means that they will not________forever. A.energies; occur B.materials ; erupt

C.resources ; last D.sources; bury

2.He stood at the water’s ____________ and looked across the lake.

A.edge B.course C.exit

3.In old China, parents demanded complete ____________ from their children.

A.ambition B.obedience C.education

4.If you want to get a good ___________, you’d better stand on the top of the hill.

A.sight B.scene

C.look D.view

5.Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A.excuse B.sense C.use D.value

6.Tony put on soft music and turned down the lights in order to give a more relaxed ____ at home.

A.view B.attitude C.style D.atmosphere

7.A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A.burden B.risk C.hole D.disaster

8.This unjust _______ of people on the basis of skin color was challenged. A.determination B.adaptation C.separation D.submission

9.If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate.

A.equality B.justice C.regulation D.liberation

10.I practiced a lot in the training center so that I could pass the driving test at my first

__________.

A.attempt B.experiment

C.flight D.glance

11.They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water.

A.lack B.guarantee C.remedy D.access

12.Lulu grew up in the ____________ of her high-performing sister, Sophia.

A.protection B.gesture C.shadow

13.To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States.

A.distinctions B.contributions C.solutions D.attractions 14.—Any ________ to how long I can keep the book?

—Yes. You must return it by next Tuesday.

A.limit B.time C.number D.length

15.How much does it cost to put satellite into____________?

A.gas B.orbit C.chemicals D.vapors

16.China is a racially mixed country, in which various ethnic(民族) groups bring their own unique flavors to each corner of the country, which adds ________ people's table.

A.to great variety of B.great variety to

C.to a great variety of D.the great variety to

17.He gained ______ to this university

A.permission B.accommodation C.scholarship D.admission 18.President Donald Trump's first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress and the media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _________ from tradition.

A.departure B.benefit C.escape D.lesson 19.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.

A.consequence B.independence

C.competence D.intelligence

20.With the _______ of the mid-term examinations, the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous.

A.approach B.access C.attachment D.appearance 21.Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.

A.intelligence B.influences C.impression D.attempts

22.The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.

A.sake B.lack

C.ignorance D.knock

23.I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any________to me. A.meaning B.importance C.sense D.significance 24.On _________ that all go smoothly, we can realize our annual goals as expected. A.situation B.case C.condition D.environment 25.The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of

________woman to be defeated by a of fate.

A.damage B.collapse C.twist D.share

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词和动词辨析。句意:我们的自然资源是有限的,这意味着它们不能永远持续。A.

energies; 精力;occur 发生;B. materials ; 材料;erupt 爆发;C. resources ; 资源;last 持续; D. sources;资源; bury埋葬。有限的是自然资源,有限当然不能持续使用。故选C。2.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他站在水边眺望湖对岸。A. edge边缘;B. course课程,过程;

C. exit出口。根据生活常识,是站在水边眺望,故选A。

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:在旧中国,父母要求子女绝对服从。A. ambition雄心;B. obedience顺从;C. education教育。根据常识,以前父母要求子女是绝对服从,故选B。4.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:如果你想有一个好的视野,你最好站在山顶上。A. sight景象;B. scene场面;C. look样子;D. view视野。习惯用法:get/have a good view“有好的视野或视角”。故选D。

5.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:够了!这里没人认为你说的话有任何意义。A. excuse借口,理由;

B. sense感知;

C. use使用;

D. value价值。固定搭配:make any sense讲不通,有任何意义,结合句意。故选B。

【点睛】

make构成的短语

make up 组成,构成,化妆,编造,和好如初;be made of 由---构成(能看出原材料);be made from由---构成(不能看出原材料); be made into 被制成了---;be made up of 由---组成;be made in由某地制成; make friends 交朋友; make preparations for 为---做准备;make oneself done 使某人自己被---。

这些都是make的常用,常考短语,记住并能在语境中准确使用,本题考查的是make和sense的搭配。

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:托尼放了柔和的音乐,把灯调暗,以便使家里的气氛更轻松。

A. view视野,风景;

B. attitude态度;

C. style风格;

D. atmosphere气氛。根据语境及选项分析可知,此处指更轻松的“氛围”。故选D。

7.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我告诉父母我的问题时,我肩上的重担减轻了。A. burden负担;B. risk冒险;C. hole洞;D. disaster灾难。根据句意及选项可知,此处使用“负担减轻”符合题意。故选A。

8.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:这种以肤色为基础的不公正的种族隔离受到了挑战。A. determination决心;B. adaptation适应;C. separation隔离,分离;D. submission投降,提交。结合句意表示“分离”应用separation。故选C。

9.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果不能通过将罪犯绳之以法来制止暴力,事情将超出公众所能忍受的范围。A. equality平等;B. justice正义;C. regulation管理;D. liberation解放。根据句意及选项可知,此处使用名词justice。故选B。

10.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:我在培训中心进行了大量练习,以便我能在驾照考试中一次通过。

A. attempt尝试;

B. experiment实验;

C. flight飞行;

D. glance瞥见。at the / one’s first attempt表示“第一次尝试”,为固定搭配。由“I practiced a lot in the training center”以及so that可推断,进行大量练习,目的是为了一次尝试通过驾照考试。故选A。

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们住在这个国家的一个落后地区,没有电,没有柏油路,也没有容易的安全饮用水接入。A. lack缺乏;B. guarantee保证;C. remedy补救;D. access

进入。根据上文with no electricity, paved roads可知,这个地区没有电,没有柏油路,也没有安全的饮用水。短语access to表示“进入,有权使用”,故选D。

12.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:露露是在她高水平的姐姐索菲亚的阴影下长大的。A. protection 保护;B. gesture姿态;C. shadow阴影。根据后文her high-performing sister, Sophia可知,是在姐姐的阴影下长大。故选C。

13.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:对于你们那些已经收到荣誉、奖励和勋章的人,我要说,做得好。对于一般的学生,我要对你们说,你也可以成为美国的总统。A. distinctions勋章;B. contributions贡献;C. solutions解决方案;D. attractions吸引。根据honors, awards可知此处用“勋章”符合语境,故选A项。

14.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:——我能借多长时间有限制吗?——是的。你必须在下星期二之前归还。A. limit限制;B. time时间;C. number 数字;D. length长度。结合后文的回答“You must return it by next Tuesday.”可知询问的是借书的时间有没有“限制(limit)”。故选A。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:把卫星放入轨道要花费多少钱?A. gas气体;B. orbit轨道;C. chemicals化学物质;D. vapors水蒸气。根据 satellite可知,此处用“轨道”符合句意,故选B项。

16.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词和固定短语。句意:中国是一个多种族的国家,在中国,各民族团体将他们独有的味道带到国家的各个角落,增添了人们餐桌的多样性。分析句子可知,各族人民不同的口味增加了人们餐桌的多样性,A、B选项中的add...... to意为“把......加到......”,great variety没有特指,所以不加the。故选B项。

17.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他被这所大学录取。A. permission允许;B. accommodation膳食,住宿;C. scholarship奖学金;D. admission进入许可录用。短语gain admission to“获准入学,获准进入”。故选D项。

18.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:唐纳德·特朗普总统的第一次国宴排除了国会民主党议员和媒体,许多人批评这是对传统的背离。A. departure背离,违反;B. benefit益处;C. escape逃跑,逃避;D. lesson课,教训。分析句子可知,此处表示的意思是“国宴排除了国会民主党议员和媒体是对传统的背离”,故选A。

19.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:老师们要不断地更新自己的知识以保持他们能够胜任工作的能力。A. consequence 结果; B. independence独立; C. competence 资格,能力,胜任,称职;D. intelligence 智力。根据句意,C项符合此处语境。故选C。

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着期中考试的临近,大多数学生变得越来越紧张。A. approach接近;B. access通道;C. attachment连接物,附属;D. appearance外貌,外观。根据“the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous”可知,此处是指随着期中考试的“临近”,故选A项。

【点睛】

名词词义辨析题注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力。由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案。如本题中由语境“the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous”可以推出,空处应选“接近,临近”的意思。

21.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限,为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A. intelligence智力,理解力;B. influences影响;C. impression印象,效果;D. attempts企图,试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

考查名词。for the sake of为了……的缘故;for lack of由于缺少;ignorance无知;knock敲打,敲击。句意:探险家因为缺少新鲜的蔬菜和水果,得了一种血液病。根据句意应选B。

23.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个材料我已经读了好几遍了,但对我来说毫无意义。A. meaning意思;B. importance重要性;C. sense意义;D. significance重要性。根据语境可知,此处是短语make sense“有意义,讲得通”的否定变化。故选C。

24.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果一切顺利,我们就能按预期实现我们的年度目标。A. situation形势;B. case情况;C. condition状况;D. environment环境。on condition that是固定搭配,意为“如果……、在……条件下”,分析句意可知,我们实现我们的年度目标的条件是一切顺利,故此题选C。

25.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:痛苦的经历使她的感情枯竭,但她不是那种被命运打败的扭曲的女人。A. damage破坏;B. collapse崩溃;C. twist转动,扭曲;D. share分享。结合句意表示“扭曲”,故选C。

高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)

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高考英语专题一名词

考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes

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It's only half an hour's drive from here to the nearesthospital. 从这里到最近的医院开车仅有半小时的路程。 I bought 100 dollars' worth of books.我买了100美元的书。 (3)表示国家、城市、天体等的名词常用- 's结构。 China's industry 中国的工业 the ciy' enironment这座城市的环境the earth's suface地球的表面 (4)用以构成不同的节日。 April Fo's Day愚人节Children'sDay儿童节 Mothe's Day母亲节Teaches Day教师节 (5)用来表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑时,名词所有格后常常不出现它所修饰的名词。 at the barber's (shop)在理发店at Dick's (home)在迪克家 at the Whites' ( home )在怀特家里at the doctor's ( ffice)在医院at the tailor's ( shop)在裁缝店 (6)-'s用于学位中。 a Bachelor's degree学土学位 a master's degree硕士学位 a doctor's degree博士学位 (7)有时为了避免重复,可以单独使用-'s所有格,在句中相当于名词My views are quite different from my father's.我的观点与我父亲的非常不同。 My camera is the same as Ron's.我的照相机和罗恩的一样。 (8)由and连接的两个或多个名词,表示共同拥有时,只将最后一个名词变为所有格形式;如果是各自所有,则每个名词都要变成所有格 Jonh and Mary’s school Jonh’s and Mary’s schools (9)不定代词后加else,在else后加“-'s” somebody else's possessions 3.of所有格

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