麦琪的礼物英文讲义
Unit two: The plot and the Character
Reading: O. Henry, The Gift of the Magi
Plot
?A plot is a plan or groundwork for a story, based on conflicting human motivations, with the actions resulting from believable and realistic human responses.
?“The king died, and then the queen died.”
?“The king died, and then the queen died of grief.”
Conflict in plot
Fictional human responses are brought out to their highest degree in the development of a conflict. In its most elemental form, a conflict is the opposition of two people. They may fight, argue, enlist help against each other, and otherwise carry on their opposition. Conflicts may also exist between larger groups of people, between an individual and larger forces, such as natural objects, ideas, modes of behavior, public opinion, and the like. The existence of difficult choices within an individual’s mind may also be presented as conflict.
External Conflict
External conflict may take the form of a basic opposition between man and nature, or between man and society. It may also take the form of an opposition between man and man(between the protagonist and a human adversary, the antagonist.
Internal Conflict
?Internal conflict, on the other hand, focuses on two or more elements contesting within the protagonist’s own character.
?Some conflicts, in fact, are never made explicit and must be inferred by the reader from what the characters do or say as the plot unfolds, as is the case in Ernest Hemingway’s Hills like White Elephants.
Five Stages of Plot (1)
?Exposition:the exposition is the beginning section in which the author provides the necessary background information, sets the scene, establishes the situation, and dates the action. It usually introduces the characters and the conflict, or at least the potential for conflict.
Five Stages of Plot (2)
?Complication: The complication, which is sometimes referred to as the rising action, develops and intensifies the conflict.
?Crisis: the crisis (also referred to as the climax) is that moment at which the plot reaches its point of greatest emotional intensity; it is the turning point of the plot, directly precipitating the resolution. Five Stages of Plot (3)
?Falling action: Once the crisis, or turning point, has been reached, the tension subsides and the plot moves toward its conclusion.
?Resolution:It is the final section of the plot which records the outcome of the conflict and establishes some new equilibrium. The resolution is also referred to as the conclusion or the denouement, the latter a Frenc h word meaning “unknotting” or “untying”.
The Ordering of Plot (1)
?The customary way of ordering the episodes or events in a plot is to present them chronologically, i.e., in the order of their occurrence in time.
?But even within plots that are mainly chronological, the temporal sequence is often deliberately broken and the chronological parts rearranged for the sake of emphasis and effect.
The Ordering of Plot (2)
?Perhaps the most frequently and conventionally used device for interrupting the flow of a chronologically ordered plot is the flashback, a summary or fully dramatized episode framed by the author in such a way as to make it clear that the time being discussed or dramatized took place at some earlier period of time.
Characters: The People in Fiction
?The term character applies to any individual in a literary work. For the purpose of analysis, characters in fiction are customarily described by their relationship to plot, by the degree of development they are given by the author, and by whether or not they undergo significant character change.
Types of Characters (1)
?The major, or central, character of the plot is the protagonist; his opponent is the antagonist. ?Flat characters are those who embody or represent a single characteristic, trait, or idea, or at most a very limited number of such qualities.
?Round characters are just the opposite, they embody a number of qualities and traits, and are complex multidimensional characters who have the capacity to grow and change.
Types of Characters (2)
?Dynamic Characters exhibit a capacity to change. As might be expected, the degree and rate of character change varies widely even among dynamic characters.
?Static Characters leave the plot as they entered it, largely untouched by the events that have taken place.
Direct Characterization: Telling
?Characterization through the use of names
?Characterization through appearance
?Characterization by the author
Indirect Characterization: Showing
?Characterization through dialogue
(1) the identity of the speaker, (2) the occasion, (3) what is being said, (4) the identity of the person or persons the speaker is addressing, (5) the quality or character of the exchange, and (6) the speaker’s tone of voice, stress, dialect, and vocabulary.
?Characterization through action
It is necessary to scrutinize the several events of the plot for what they seem to reveal about the characters, about their unconscious emotional and psychological states, as well as about their conscious attitudes and values.
Reading: O. Henry, The Gift of the Magi
O. Henry (1862-1910), pseudonym of William Sydney Porter
Author Information
William Sydney Porter, or O. Henry (1862-1910), wrote mostly about ordinary people going about the daily adventure of living. Not infrequently, his stories involve coincidences or unexpected twists that result in surprise endings.
Before becoming a full-time writer, he worked in a drugstore, on ranch, in a bank, and on newspaper staff. When he was in his early twenties, he published a weekly humor magazine, The Rolling Stone, which failed. He then took a job with the Houston Post newspaper. However, a past misdeed, embezzlement of bank funds, caught up with him. To escape punishment, he fled to Honduras. When his wife, Athol Estes Porter, became terminally ill, he returned to the U.S. to be with her. After her death, he spent more than three years in prison in Columbus, Ohio. There, he cultivated his writing skills. After his release from prison, he became a professional writer, settled in New York City, and became famous as under his pseudonym, O. Henry. Typical for O. Henry's stories is a twist of plot which turns on an ironic or coincidental circumstance. Although some critics were not so enthusiastic about his work, the public loved it.
Notes
?The Magi
The Magi were the so-called three wise men from the east who travel a long distance to present gifts to the infant Jesus. The term magi (singular, magus) comes from the Greek word magoi. The Gospel of Matthew (Chapter 2, Verse 11) says: "And entering into the house, they found the child with Mary, his mother, and falling down they adored him: and opening their treasures, they offered him gifts–gold, frankincense, and myrrh." These offerings, though valuable, were not as important as the recognition, respect, and love they gave the Christ child. Frankincense was used as a treatment for illness and as an fragrant additive to incense. Myrrh was also added to incense, as well as perfume, and found additional use as an ointment. The three wise men have been identified in western tradition as Balthasar, king of Arabia; Melchior, king of Persia; and Gaspar, king of India.
Questions for discussion (1)
1. What are the chief episodes or incidents that make up the plot? Is its development strictly chronological, or is the chronology rearranged in some way?
2. Describe the plot in terms of its exposition, complication, climax, falling actions, and resolution.
3. Is the plot plausible? What role, if any, do chance and coincidence play?
Questions for discussion (2)
4. Identify the characters in terms of whether they are flat or round, dynamic or static.
5. What methods does the author employ to establish and reveal the characters? Are the methods primarily of showing or telling?
6. Are the actions of the characters properly motivated and consistent?
Questions for discussion (3)
7. What elements seem to be remarkable in view of the techniques adopted by the author?
8. How do you understand the paradox toward the end of the story with the narrator saying that the two main characters were two foolish children but were the wisest at the same time?
Questions for discussion (4)
9. Several passages in the story give subtle clues about the kind of person Jim is. Identify at least three passages and explain what they tell the reader about him.
10. Comment on the meaning of the following sentence in the fifth paragraph of the story: “She stood by the window and looked out dully at a grey cat walking a grey fence in a grey backyar d.”
11. Three times in the story, the narrator mentions the chops that the Youngs will be having for dinner. Are the chops significant in any way?
麦琪的礼物英文讲义
Unit two: The plot and the Character Reading: O. Henry, The Gift of the Magi Plot ?A plot is a plan or groundwork for a story, based on conflicting human motivations, with the actions resulting from believable and realistic human responses. ?“The king died, and then the queen died.” ?“The king died, and then the queen died of grief.” Conflict in plot Fictional human responses are brought out to their highest degree in the development of a conflict. In its most elemental form, a conflict is the opposition of two people. They may fight, argue, enlist help against each other, and otherwise carry on their opposition. Conflicts may also exist between larger groups of people, between an individual and larger forces, such as natural objects, ideas, modes of behavior, public opinion, and the like. The existence of difficult choices within an individual’s mind may also be presented as conflict. External Conflict External conflict may take the form of a basic opposition between man and nature, or between man and society. It may also take the form of an opposition between man and man(between the protagonist and a human adversary, the antagonist. Internal Conflict ?Internal conflict, on the other hand, focuses on two or more elements contesting within the protagonist’s own character. ?Some conflicts, in fact, are never made explicit and must be inferred by the reader from what the characters do or say as the plot unfolds, as is the case in Ernest Hemingway’s Hills like White Elephants. Five Stages of Plot (1) ?Exposition:the exposition is the beginning section in which the author provides the necessary background information, sets the scene, establishes the situation, and dates the action. It usually introduces the characters and the conflict, or at least the potential for conflict. Five Stages of Plot (2) ?Complication: The complication, which is sometimes referred to as the rising action, develops and intensifies the conflict. ?Crisis: the crisis (also referred to as the climax) is that moment at which the plot reaches its point of greatest emotional intensity; it is the turning point of the plot, directly precipitating the resolution. Five Stages of Plot (3) ?Falling action: Once the crisis, or turning point, has been reached, the tension subsides and the plot moves toward its conclusion. ?Resolution:It is the final section of the plot which records the outcome of the conflict and establishes some new equilibrium. The resolution is also referred to as the conclusion or the denouement, the latter a Frenc h word meaning “unknotting” or “untying”. The Ordering of Plot (1) ?The customary way of ordering the episodes or events in a plot is to present them chronologically, i.e., in the order of their occurrence in time.
麦琪的礼物 论文
课号：DK3Y41A00 课程名称：英美文学史及作品选读(2) 阅卷教师：潘家云 班级：10英语4班学号：104175421 姓名：俞扬帆成绩： Bitter and Sweet in Consumerism Society Abstract: The Gift of the Magi is written by O. Henry. He uses the unique language to describe the love and sacrifice of the young couple and reflects the social reality of the United States during that hard period of time. The young couple use their most valuable things to buy Charismas gifts but made a fool’s result. The short story reflects that people pursue materials which are beyond their reality because of the consumer culture. In this short story, the young couple buy gifts to their beloved people, and they never lose their nice moral spirit. They give in to the consumerism but they also persist their love. They have the bitter of losing their valuable possession, but they are paid back for their love from each other. They are also sweet. Key words: bitter, sweet, consumerism, The Gift of the Magi O. Henry is the pen name of William Sydney Porter. He is one of the most famous short novelists in the United States in the early 20th century. He is one of the three leading short stories. His stories are both interesting and enlightening with profound meaning. His short stories expose the darkness of capitalism from different angles, describe the difficult life of lower class and praise their sincere friendship, love and desire to happy life. His stories usually win the artistic effect within the plot and pay much more attention to the character’s artistic power. O. Henry's short stories are known for their wit, wordplay, warm characterization and clever twist endings. His stories have surprise endings frequently. Many authors wrote plot twist endings, but O. Henry stories were much more humorous. A twist of plot turns on an ironic or coincidental circumstance. It is a typical of O. Henry's short stories. His stories are also known for witty narration. Most of O. Henry's stories are set in his own time, the early 20th century. Many stories take place in New York City and talk about the most ordinary people: clerks, policemen, waitresses and so on. His stories move so many people in the world for such a long time. Many people all over the world make researches in those works and found their profound values constantly. Consumerism is a kind of consumption model to satisfy people’s needs and desire. At first, it happene d in
麦琪的礼物(英文版)
The Gift of the Magi① One dollar and eighty-seven cents.That was all.And sixty cents of it was in pennies.Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing(强迫;胁迫)the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony②that such close dealing implied.Three times Della counted it.One dollar and eighty eighty--seven cents.And the next day would be Christmas. There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl.So Della did it.Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs,sniffles,and smiles,with sniffles predominating.③ While the mistress of the home is gradually subsiding from the first stage to the second,take a look at the home.④A furnished flat at$8per week.It did not exactly beggar description,but it certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad.⑤ In the vestibule(门厅;前厅)below was a letter-box into which no letter would go,and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring⑥.Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the name"Mr.James Dillingham Young."⑦ The"Dillingham"had been flung to the breeze during a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid$30per week.⑧Now,when the ①麦琪（Magi，单数为Magus）：指圣婴基督出生时来自东方送礼的三贤人，载于《圣经·马太福音》第二章第一节和第七至第十三节。 ②By...parsimony:by driving a hard bargain with the grocer,the vegetable man,and the butcher over every single cent,thus making one flush with shame for being so very stingy(吝啬的，小气的).Imputation[正式]罪名，污名。parsimony n.吝啬，小气，不大方。 ③Which...predominating:Which makes us spiritually aware of the fact that life is full of sobs,sniffles,and smiles,with sniffles being the most noticeable.Instigate v.(以行动)促使(某事发生)；发起。'moral精神上的，心理上的，道义上的。Sniffle n.抽鼻子(声)。 ④While...home:While Della's sobs are gradually turning into sniffles,let us take a look at her home.Sub'side n.(of a feeling,pain,sound,etc.)gradually become less and then stop. ⑤The flat was almost too wretched for words to describe.The phrase"to beggar description"means to cause one's resources of description to seem poor and inadequate.mendicancy squad乞丐帮。 ⑥Which...ring:no one could get a ring by pressing the electric button;obviously,the doorbell had long been out of order.Mortal:人的；人类的。 ⑦Also...young:Close to the doorbell there was also a card with the name"Mr.James Dillingham Young"written on it.Appertain(to):属于；和……有关。Thereunto ad.到那里；向那里。 ⑧The...week:The middle name"Dillingham"had been put on display on the name card during a time when Jim was better-off with a weekly wage of$30.Flung to the breeze
麦琪的礼物英文
One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty- seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas. There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating. While the mistress of the home is gradually subsiding from the first stage to the second, take a look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not exactly beggar description, but it certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad. In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the name "Mr. James Dillingham Young." The "Dillingham" had been flung to the breeze during a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now, when the income was shrunk to $20, though, they were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and unassuming D. But whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above he was called "Jim" and greatly hugged by Mrs. James Dillingham Young, already introduced to you as Della. Which is all very good. Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood by the window and looked out dully at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim. There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a pierglass in an $8 flat. A very thin and very agile person may, by observing his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art. Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes
麦琪的礼物中文版麦琪的礼物论文角度
麦琪的礼物中文版麦琪的礼物论文角度麦琪的礼物一块八毛七分钱。全在这儿了。其中六毛钱还是铜子儿凑起来的。这些铜子儿是每次一个、两个向杂货铺、菜贩和肉店老板那儿死乞白赖地硬扣下来的；人家虽然没有明说，自己总觉得这种掂斤播两的交易未免太吝啬，当时脸都躁红了。德拉数了三遍。数来数去还是一块八毛七分钱，而第二天就是圣诞节了。除了倒在那张破旧的小榻上号哭之外，显然没有别的办法。德拉就那样做了。这使一种精神上的感慨油然而生，认为人生是由啜泣，抽噎和微笑组成的，而抽噎占了其中绝大部分。这个家庭的主妇渐渐从第一阶段退到第二阶段，我们不妨抽空儿来看看这个家吧。一套连家具的公寓，房租每星期八块钱。虽 __是绝对难以形容，其实跟贫民窟也相去不远。下面门廊里有一个信箱，但是永远不会有信件投进去；还有一个电钮，除非神仙下凡才能把铃按响。那里还贴着一张名片，上面印有“詹姆斯·迪林汉·扬先生”几个字。“迪林汉”这个名号是主人先前每星期挣三十块钱得法的时候，一时高兴，回姓名之间的。现在收入缩减到二十块钱，“迪林汉”几个字看来就有些模糊，仿佛它们正在考虑，是不是缩成一个质朴而谦逊的“迪”字为好。但是每逢詹姆斯·迪林汉·扬先生回家上楼，走进房间的时候，詹姆斯·迪林汉·扬太太——就是刚才已经介绍给各位的德拉——总是管他叫做“吉姆”，总是热烈地拥抱他。那当然是好的。德拉哭了之后，在脸平面上扑了些粉。她站在窗子跟前，呆呆地瞅着外面灰蒙蒙的后院里，一只灰猫正在灰色的篱笆上行走。明天就是圣诞节了，她只有一块八毛七分钱
来给吉姆买一件礼物。好几个月业，她省吃俭用，能攒起来的都攒了，可结果只有这一点儿。一星期二十块钱的收入是不经用的。支出总比她预算的要多。总是这样的。只有一块八毛七分钱来给吉姆买礼物。她的吉姆。为了买三件好东西送给他，德拉自得其乐地筹划了好些日子。要买一件精致、珍奇而真有价值的东西——够得上为吉姆所有的东西固然很少，可总得有些相称才成呀。房里两扇窗子中间有一面壁镜。诸位也许见过房租八块钱的公寓里的壁镜。一个非常瘦小灵活的人，从一连串纵的片段的映像里，也许可以对自己的容貌得到一个大致不差的概念。德拉全凭身材苗条，才精通了那种技艺。她突然从窗口转过身，站到壁镜面前。她的眼睛晶莹明亮，可是她的脸在二十秒钟之内却失色了。她迅速地把头发解开，让它披落下来。且说，詹姆斯·迪林汉·扬夫妇有两样东西特别引为自豪，一样是吉姆三代祖传的金表，别一样是德拉的头发。如果示巴女王住在天井对面的公寓里，德拉总有一天会把她的头发悬在窗外去晾干，使那位女王的珠宝和礼物相形见绌。如果所罗门王当了看门人，把他所有的财富都堆在地下室里，吉姆每次经过那儿时准会掏出他的金表看看，好让所罗门妒忌得吹胡子瞪眼睛。这当儿，德拉美丽的头发披散在身上，像一股褐色的小瀑布，奔泻闪亮。头发一直垂到膝盖底下，仿佛给她铺成了一件衣裳。她又神经质地赶快把头发梳好。她踌躇了一会儿，静静地站着，有一两滴泪水溅落在破旧的红地毯上。她穿上褐色的旧外套，戴上褐色的旧帽子。她眼睛里还留着晶莹的泪光，裙子一摆，就飘然走出房门，下楼跑到街上。她走到一块招牌前停住了，招牌
麦琪的礼物论文 (2)
四川外语学院成都学院 Chengd u Institute Sichuan International Studies University 本科毕业论文题目（中文）浅析《麦琪的礼物》中人性的升华 （外文）A Study on the Sublimation of Humanity in The Gift of the Magi 系别英语师范系 专业英语 年级2009 级 学生姓名陈泖蓉 指导教师罗惠 结稿日期2012年10月15日 四川外语学院成都学院教务处制2012 年10 月15 日填
The Gift of the Magi Abstract The paper will be divided five parts. The first part introduces some important information about the background of the author and article. The second part will give a detailed description of the hero and heroine. The third part puts emphasis on the embodiment of humanity sublimation. It will state from three aspects: self-sacrifice, selfless dedication and simplicity. The forth part indicates the causes of sublimation of humanity. And the last part is the conclusion. Through the whole analysis, we can learn what the true humanity is and have profound understanding of humanity depicted in literary works. Key words: background; humanity sublimation; self-sacrifice; selfless dedication; simplicity
麦琪的礼物 英文版 The Gift of the Magi
麦琪的礼物英文版 The Gift of the Magi One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty-seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas. There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating. While the mistress of the home is gradually subsiding from the first stage to the second, take a look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not exactly beggar description, but it certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad. In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the name "Mr. James Dillingham Young." The "Dillingham" had been flung to the breeze during a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now, when the income was shrunk to $20, though, they were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and unassuming D. But whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above he was called "Jim" and greatly hugged by Mrs. James Dillingham Young, already introduced to you as Della. Which is all very good. Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood by the window and looked out dully at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim. There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a pierglass in an $8 flat. A very thin and very agile person may, by observing his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art. Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length. Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's gold watch that had been his father's and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. Had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty's jewels and gifts. Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard from envy.
文学体验阅读READ模式在高中英语教学中的实践——以《麦琪的礼物》教学为例
English Teachers Vol.18No.10 引言 《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版）》要求高中英语课程在注重发展学生语言运用能力的过程中，帮助他们学习、理解和鉴赏中外优秀文化，培育中国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，增进国际理解，提升跨文化沟通能力、思辨能力、学习能力和创新能力，形成正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。文学是语言创造性的运用和体现，富有深厚的教育意义。文学文本能够给外语学习者提供语言的原型以及对话式意义协商的机会。文学阅读具有激发学生学习兴趣、发展学生语言能力和培养学生创新思维等功能。英语文学阅读是高中英语必修课程的拓展与补充。高中阶段的学生具有强烈的求知欲望，在英语阅读教学中，引领学生欣赏文学作品有助于拓宽学生的眼界，提高学生的语言素养和人文素养。 文学体验阅读READ（Reading，Exploring，Assessing，Developing）模式体现了了“在文学作品的探讨中融入人文教育”“在文学作品的赏读 中发展语言能力”和“在文学作品的研读中发展高阶思维”等基本内涵（戴军熔2015），拓宽了英语阅读和教育的范围，有助于促进学生英语学科核心素养的形成和发展。本文以文学作品《麦琪的礼物》教学为例，探究如何运用文学体验阅读READ模式培养学生的理解力、表达力、思维力。 一、文学体验阅读READ模式的内涵及要素 READ模式是黄远振、兰春寿等（2014）提出的文学体验阅读教学模式。READ模式由Reading （阅读），Exploring（探究），Assessing（评价），De-veloping（发展）4个要素组成。阅读包含朗读、默读、研读3种读的形态，探究包括思索、分享、讨论3种活动形式，评价采用自评、他评、互评3种评估方式，发展指向促读、促写、促思三维拓展目标。从学的角度来看，4要素相互交织、层层推进、循环发展、螺旋上升，构成“英语文学体验阅读圈”（见下图）： 文学体验阅读READ模式在高中英语教学中的实践 —— —以《麦琪的礼物》教学为例 王碧文徐笑梅 【摘要】概述文学体验阅读READ模式的内涵及要素。以《麦琪的礼物》的教学为例，分“导读—共读”“互动—产出”“引导—推动”和“反思—超越”四个模块探究文学体验阅读 READ模式在高中英语教学中的具体应用。认为在高中英语教学中运用文学体验阅读 READ模式能够培养学生的理解力、思维能力、表达力，促进其英语学科核心素养的形 成和发展。 【关键词】英语文学阅读；READ教学模式；理解力；思考力；表达力 ENGLISH TEACHERS95
the_gift_of_the_magi 麦琪的礼物英文版 欧亨利
p T h e G i f t o f t h e M a g i O NE DOLLAR AND EIGHTY-SEVEN CENTS. That was all. She had put it aside, one cent and then another and then another, in her careful buying of meat and other food. Della counted it three times. One dollar and eighty-seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas. There was nothing to do but fall on the bed and cry. So Della did it. While the lady of the home is slowly growing quieter, we can look at the home. Furnished rooms at a cost of $8 a week. There is lit-tle more to say about it. In the hall below was a letter-box too small to hold a letter. There was an electric bell, but it could not make a sound. Also there was a name beside the door: “Mr. James Dillingham Young.”
【英语论文】在欧亨利小说《麦琪的礼物》中写作风格的分析Analysi
目录 Abstract: (2) 摘要 (3) 1 .Introduction (4) 2 . Descriptive indication (5) 3 .The introduction and reflection of twist ending (5) 3.1 The introduction of twist ending (5) 3.2 The deep reflection of twist ending (6) 3.2.1 The pure love between main characters (6) 3.2.2 The human defects of the society (6) 3.2.3 The purpose of moral teaching through the contrast (7) 4 . conversational version of narration (7) 5 . Biblical references adding to the moral lesson (8) 6 .Conclusion (8) Works Cited (9)
Abstract:This essay mainly analyses the writing style in O.Henry’s short story The Gift of the Magi. O.Henry uses descriptive indication, twist ending, conversational version of narration and biblical references to reveal the theme of humanity and achieve the moral teaching. Part one the introduction tell us author’s position and story background. After informed of this information, we can get better understanding of his work and think it more plausibly. The next four parts introuduce the four aspects of O.Henry’s writing style one by one, mainly focusing on twist ending. Benefiting from detailed kowning of his writing style, we can conclude the humanity both virtues and defects. Finally，it’s easy for us to gain the moral teaching and understand O.Henry’s writing intention. Part six draws a conclusion about the whole essay. The essay on analysis of O.Henry’s work will arouse my interest of literary learning. Furthermore, it makes us pay more attention to O.Henry’s works. Key Words:descriptive indication;twist ending;conversational narration;biblical references