山东省高考英语阅读表达专项训练(六)(含解析)
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阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
A
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater on the younger people who learn a second language.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons (英国土著人) who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density (密度)in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without _______ . But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference is.
"Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible," he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
1. What's the best title for this passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)
______________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one ? Mastering two languages can broaden your view on the world and makes you smarter. __________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blank in the fifth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________
4. Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.
__________________________________________________
5. What do you think of English learning after you reading this passage? (Please answer within 40 words.)
_________________________________________________________________________
1． A Second Language Will Improve Your Brain Power.
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文大意以及第一段第二句Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?归纳判断。
2． Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible.
解析：同义置换题。所给出的句子有关键的信息词，如：Mastering two languages与文章中Having two languages对应，broaden your view与gives you two windows对应，而makes you smarter.则与makes the brain more flexible吻合。
3． (1earning) a second language
解析：信息补全题。根据上文中关键的信息词，如greater in bilinguals than in people without显然是与没有学习第二外语的人比较，故用(1earning) a second language
4．科学家把这组只会说英语的英国土著人和一组五岁之前就学习外语以及一些学习外语较晚的人做了比较。
解析：句子翻译题。要注意此句中a group of "early bilinguals" 以及定语从句who had learnt a second 和 as well as a number of later learners.等。
5． Any answer may be possible.
解析：开放型问题。只要能够言之成理，符合语法规则。按照要求的字数表达，就是可以得分的。
B
[1] It’s good to make a mistake, and here is why. First of all, mistakes are
a clear sign that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try anything new, how can you improve? How can you expand? The simple answer is “You can’t”. Look around you. Almost everything valuable you see in your world is the result of _____________.
[2] Another good thing about mistakes is this: when you are making mistakes, you are learning. Consider this: Edison failed 10000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail that many times, he remarked that he hadn’t failed 10000 times, but rather had learned 10000 things that didn’t work.
[3] Finally, when you make a mistake you are much closer to success. Why? Because when all is said and done, you will have tried only a few things before you succeed. Every time you made a mistake, you got rid of one bad thing and stepped closer to success.
[4] But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the consequences of a mistake. Instead, when you try something new, you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that you will have opportunities to try again in case that it doesn’t work out as you expected. We all have limited resources so don’t blow them all at one time. Realize that it probably won’t be perfect the first time and use these resources appropriately so you can learn, improve, and try it again. Only by using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your career.
[5] There is an old saying that goes, “If you’re not making mistake, you’re not trying hard enough.” So go forth and make mist akes.
1. List three reasons why making a mistake is good for you. (Please answer within
5 words for each blank.)
① _______________________________________________________________
② _______________________________________________________________
③ _______________________________________________________________
2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? (Please answer within 8 words.)
_______________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in paragraph 1 with proper words. (Please answer within 5 words.) _______________________________________________________________
4. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one? You should take its bad results into account though making a mistake is good. _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
1. ① Trying something new ② Learning something ③ Getting closer to success 解析：封闭型问题考查考生搜索信息和概括的能力。由文章的第一段、第二段和第三段可以概括本题答案。由于有字数限制，所以用动名词形式表述。
2. How to make good use of mistakes / Don’t forget the consequences of a mistake 解析：主旨概括题，要求概括本段的大意。由本段内容可知，本段主要说明如何利用所犯的错误。
3. trying something new
解析：补全信息题，考查细节理解。根据上文判断，此处需要填写表示“尝试新的东西”之类的内容。
4. But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the consequences of a mistake.
解析：句子替换题，考查句意理解。给出句的should take its bad results into account 对应without considering the consequences of a mistake, 由上文可知，给出句的making
a mistake is good是this的替代内容。所以应该是本句。
5. 你每犯一次错误，就排除掉了一个不利的因素，也就向成功前进了一步。
解析：考查句子翻译。本句为并列复合句，every time引导时间状语从句，翻译时注意短语get rid of和step closer to的意思。
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（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
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高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
新视野大学英语读写教程第三册十五选十
unit1 When I think of people in this world who have really made a difference, I think of my parents. They were truly saints among ordinary people. I was one of the ten children my parents adopted. They rescue (挽救)each of us from a life of poverty and loneliness. They were hardly able to restrain（克制）themselves from bringing home more children to care for. If they had had the resources （资源）they certainly would have. Most people do not realize how much they appreciated（感激）someone until they pass away. My sisters and brothers and I did not want this to happen before we uttered（说）the words "Thank you" to our parents. Although we have all grown up and scattered（散落） about the country, we got back together to thank our parents. My brother Tom undertook（从事，承担）the task of organizing the event. Every Friday night, Mom and Dad have had the ham dinner special at the same restaurant for the last twenty years. That is where we waited without their knowing. When we first caught a glimpse （瞥一眼）of them coming across the street, we all hid underneath(在…之下） a big table. When they entered, we leapt out and shouted, "Thank you, Mom and Dad." My brother Tom presented（提供）them with a card and we all hugged. My Dad pretended that he had known we were under the table