高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练
语法专题十一：并列句与状语从句
状语从句是比较重要的语法项目。《2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将状语从句列为必考项。全国卷新课标Ⅰ对状语从句的考查一般在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第43题（完形填空）考查了状语从句引导词Since /Although /As /If 的选择。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
一、并列句
(一) 并列连词
①They come from the same country，and they are good friends.
②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all day with her.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)
③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.
④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours.
⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?
规律总结：
1．表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。
2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而，但是), while(然而)等。3．表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。
4．表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。
(二) 祈使句＋and/or/otherwise句式
①Work hard and you will succeed.
＝If you work hard, you will succeed.
②Hurry up or we will be late.
＝If you don't hurry up, we will be late.
③A few more efforts and you will succeed.
＝If you make a few more efforts, you will succeed.
规律总结：
1．祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If ...，＋主句。
2．祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句＝If ... not ...，＋主句。
二、状语从句
英语中状语从句总共有九类，分别用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是较复杂的语法项目，但是理解起来并不难。从本质上讲，状语从句就是利用不同的关联词语将几个分句连接起来，以表达分句之间的特定逻辑关系。例如：
①I have brought an umbrella because it is raining.(原因)
②I have brought an umbrella in case it rains.(目的)
③I have brought an umbrella so that I don’t get wet.(结果)
④I have brought an umbrella even though it’s not raining.(让步)
⑤You don’t need bring an umbrellaunless it is raining.(条件)
因此，学习状语从句的关键是掌握引导九类状语从句的关联词，只要能记住关联词，一般都能识别是哪种状语从句，从而正确分析句子结构并理解句子意思。
下面分别对九大类别的状语从句进行举例说明：
（一）时间状语从句
时间状语从句表示时间。
引导时间的状语从句的常用引导词有：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 等。
特殊引导词有：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly … when, scarcely … when等。
1.when/while/as/whenever
①When I went into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
②While I was doing my homework, they came in.
③As time goes by, it's getting warmer and warmer.
④When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
⑤We shall go there whenever we are free.
规律总结：
(1)when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。
(2)从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。
(3)从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边……(，一边……)”或“随着……”。
(4)如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when, while与as可互换使用。
(5)whenever是when的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作，翻译成“无论何时”。
2.when的特殊用法
①He was about to go to bed when the doorbell rang.
②They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out.
③They had just arrived home when it began to rain.
规律总结：
when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正要发生、正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：
①was/were about to do sth. when...
=was/were on the point of doing sth. when...
②was/were doing sth. when...
③had (just) done sth. when...
3．表示“刚……就……，一……就……”的常用表达
①The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming
②The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
③He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.(2011·辽宁高考)
④I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
=Hardly had I got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
⑤Once you see him, you will never forget him.
规律总结：
(1)as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner ... than ..., hardly/scarcely ... when ...和once这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”。
(2)no sooner ... than ...，hardly/scarcely ... when ...的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。【注意】“一……就……”还可用on /upon doing 结构来表示。
On arriving home he called up Lester.=As soon as he arrived home, he called up Lester. 4．before与since
①You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason before you reach any decision.(2013·湖南高考)
②It will be five years before we meet again.
③John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job.(陕西高考)
④It was several years before I realized that David had lied to me.
⑤It was not long before I realized I was wrong.
⑥As is reported, it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded.(2011·四川高考)
规律总结：
(1)before表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及……就……，在……之前”。
(2)It will be＋时间段＋before +一般现在时。“要过多久才……”
(3)It won't be long before +一般现在时。“不久之后就会…”。
(4)It was＋时间段＋before+一般过去时。“过了多久才……”。
(5)It wasn’t long before+一般过去时。“没过多久就……”
(6)It is＋一段时间＋since ...“自从……多久了”。
5．表示“每次；下一次……”的常用表达
①Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.
②Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
③The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.
规律总结：
every time, each time, next time, the last time, any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。
6．till, until和not ... until
①Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?
②I won not tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.
规律总结：
(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。
(2)not ... until表示“某动作直到某时间才开始”，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式。
（二）地点状语从句
地点状语从句表示地点、方位。
引导地点状语从句的常用的引导词是where ；
特殊引导词有：wherever。例如：
①Make a mark where you have a question.
②Where there is a will, there is a way.
③Where there is water there is life.
④Generally speaking, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
⑤You are free to go wherever you like.
⑥Wherever you go, you must obey the law.
⑦Wherever you go, you should work hard.
⑧Sit wherever you like.
规律总结：
(1)地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
(2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
（三）原因状语从句
原因状语从句表示原因或理由。
引导原因状语从句的常用引导词有：because, since, as , for,now (that)等。
特殊引导词有：seeing(that), in (that), considering (that)等。例如：
①He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
②As it is raining, I will not go out.
③As he didn’t know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .
④Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
⑤Now that you mention it, I do remember.
⑥Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.
⑦Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.
⑧Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite good job.
（四）目的状语从句
目的状语从句用来说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的。目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。
引导目的状语从句的引导词或词组有：that,so that, in order that
特殊引导词有：lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that例如：
①Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
②She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
③They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time .
④He left early in case he should miss the train.
⑤Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.
（五）结果状语从句
结果状语从句表示事态结果，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。
引导结果状语从句的常用引导词有：so,that,so that,so … that, such … that。例如：
①She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
②He was so excited that he could not say a word.
③She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
④He gave such important reasons that he was excused.
⑤It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.
⑥It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.
【注意】so...that 如此……以致……。其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：
1．so + 形容词副词+ that从句
①The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.
②The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.
2．so + 形容词+ a/ an + 单数名词+ that从句
①It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.
②He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited.
3．so + many/few +复数可数名词+ that从句
①I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
②He has so few friend that he often feels lonely.
4．so + much/little +不可数名词+ that从句
①I had so little money then that I couldn't even afford a used car.
②He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible.
【注意】such...that 如此……以致……。其引导的结果语从句有如下四种结构：
1．such + a/an + 形容词+ 单数可数名词+ that从句
①Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.
②We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.
2．such + 形容词+复数可数名词+ that从句
①He gave such important reasons that he was excused.
②They are such interesting novels that all of us want to read them.
3．such + 形容词+ 不可数名词+ that从句
①He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.
②He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.
提示：such+ a /an+形容词+单数名词结构可以和so +形容词+a an+单数名词结构互换。
He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.
=He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.
=The story he told us was so funny that we all laughed.
【区别】such/ so……that……引导的状语从句和such/ so……as……引导的定语从句。
①He is such a clever boy that we everyone likes him. (状语从句)
②He is so clever a boy that we everyone likes him (状语从句)
③She had such a fright that she fainted. (状语从句)
④He is so clever a boy as everyone likes. ( 定语从句)
⑤He is such a clever boy as everyone likes. ( 定语从句)
⑥Luckily such earthquakes as can cause a lot of damage don’t happen very often.（定语从句）（六）条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。
引导条件状语从句的常用引导词有：if, unless
特殊引导词有：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose/supposing that, in case that, on condition that，so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。
注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。例如：
①If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
②You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
③So far as I know, he will be away for three months.
④You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.
⑤If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
A .if真实条件句
真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。
①If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him.
②If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property.
B．if非真实条件句
在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气。（本部分详见语法专题九：虚拟语气）
（七）让步状语从句
让步状语从句表示让步关系。
引导让步状语从句常用的引导词有：though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词有：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while (一般用在句首)，in spite of the fact that, whether...or (not) , no matter+特殊疑问词,whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever等.例如：
①Although he is a child, he knows a lot.
②Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.
③Although (Though) he was over sixty, he began to learn French.
④I’ll go to work even if (though) it rains tomorrow.
⑤Whether you believe it or not, it's true.
⑥Whatever you say, I’ll never change my mind.
⑦Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.
⑧No matter who helps me ,I shall be very grateful.
⑨No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.
（八）方式状语从句
方式状语从句表示动作的方式。
引导方式状语从句的引导词有：as, as if (though)等。例如：
①You must do the exercise as I show you.
②Do as you are told.
③She looks as if she is ill.
④They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.
⑤He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.
规律总结：
as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，用陈述语气。
（九）比较状语从句
比较状语从句表示比较关系。
引导比较状语从句的引导词有：than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等。例如：
①I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
②She has made greater progress this year than she did last year.
③He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.
④Mary is as old as my sister.
⑤The more you read, the better you understand.
= If you read more, you will understand better.
⑥The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.
⑦The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
⑧The sooner, the better.
⑨The busier he is, the happier he feels.
⑩The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.
（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1、在时间和条件（有时在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。例如：
①We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
②I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省略从句中的“主语+ be”部分。例如：
①When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.
②If (you are) asked you may come in.
③If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again.
④Don’t s peak until (you are)spoken to.
⑤Pressure can be increased when (it is)needed.
⑥Unless (it is) repaired, the washing machine is no use.
⑦Look out while (you are) crossing the street.
3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。例如：
①You are to find it where you left it.（状语从句）
②Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句）
③I don’t know where he came from.（宾语从句）
④Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）
⑤This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）
高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练·非谓语动词
考点规律分析：全国卷新课标Ⅰ语法填空和短文改错中对状语从句的考查主要是针对从句引导词的选择。
状语从句单句语法填空之真题训练：
1.(2020·天津，7) the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.
2.(2020·全国Ⅲ，七选五)When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator ________you don’t cook it immediately.
3.(2020·北京，27)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，________he’s in his nineties.
4.(2020·北京，33)I really enjoy listening to music ________it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
5.(2020·四川，阅读B)________ you do, don’t be a bystander.
6.(2020·四川，66)________the little panda cried, the mother rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.
7.(2020·江苏，26)________some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
8.(2020·浙江，5)________online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
9.(2020·江苏，26)It is so cold that you can't go outside ________ fully covered in thick clothes.
10.(2020·湖南，33)________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
11.(2020·北京，28)You won't find paper cutting difficult ________ long as you keep practicing it.
12.(2020·北京，32)________ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
13.(2020·浙江，9)Just ________ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
14.(2020·重庆，4)If you miss this chance, it may be years ________ you get another one.
15.(2020·天津，12)We need to get to the root of the problem________ we can solve it.
16.(2020·安徽，23)________scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
17.(2020·福建，31)________ the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
18.(2020·安徽，25)The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times ________ it finally came to in clude the sense“pleasant”．
19.(2020·江西，35)It was the middle of the night ______ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
20.(2020·陕西，24)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left ________ I could ask for their names.
21.(2020·重庆，14)Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ______ the bus had dropped her.
22.(2020·北京，29)Even ________ the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.
23.(2020·江苏，21)Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be changed.
24.(2020·山东，2)I don't really like the author，________ I have to admit his books are very exciting.
25．(2020·湖南，26)You will never gain success ________ you are fully devoted to your work. 26．(2020·天津，4)________ you start eating in a healthier way，weight control will become much easier.
学习札记：
状语从句单句语法填空之真题训练：
1．C[考查状语从句。句意为：随着人口平均寿命的延长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。as 在此处引导状语从句，表示“随着”。]
2．if[考查状语从句，根据句意：当你买了鱼回家的时候，如果你不立刻做的话，最好先存储到冰箱里。可以看出是条件关系。]
3．even though/though[考查连词。句意：尽管我祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。由句意可知，本句的前后两部分之间为让步关系。]
4．because[考查状语从句。句意：我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它有助于我放松，让我忘记一天中的其他忧虑。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系。]
5．Whatever[句意：无论你做什么，都不要做旁观者。whatever引导让步状语从句。] 6．When/If[如果小熊猫哭了，妈妈来回摇晃它，给它安慰。when既可表示时间也可表示条件。]
7．While/Although/Though[考查让步状语从句的用法。句意：尽管有些人受到成功的激励，而另外一些人却因恐惧失败而前进。根据句意可知，这两句话之间为转折对比关系] 8．While/Although/Though[考查连词。句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。While/Although/Though引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。] 9．unless[句意：外面很冷，如果你不穿着厚衣服的话你不能出去。unless 除非，如果不。该题实际上也考查了状语从句的省略，其完整形式为unless you are fully...]
10．While/Although/Though[句意：虽然这项工作花费大量的时间，但是大部分的学生认为这次经历是值得的。While/Although/Though虽然，符合句意。]
11．as/so[句意：只要你坚持练习剪纸，你就不会觉得剪纸难了。as/so long as只要，符合句意。]
12．Once[句意：一旦造成损害，要花费许多年的时间耕地才能恢复。once一旦，符合句意。]
13．as[句意：正如一个单词可以改变句子的意义一样，一个句子也可以改变一段的意义。just as正如，正像，符合句意。]
14．before[句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能得过好几年你才能再得到机会。before “在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。]
15．before[句意：我们需要找到问题的根源后才能解决它。考查时间状语从句。根据逻辑关系可知，“找到问题的根源”在“解决问题”之前发生。]
16．While/Although/Though[句意：尽管科学家们对宇宙已经了解甚多，但有许多我们还不知道的。考查状语从句的连接词。该题主要考查让步状语从句。]
17．While/Although/Though[句意：尽管那些学生来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营时相处得很好。考查状语从句的连接词。]
18．before[考查时间状语从句。句意：“nice”的含义改变了好几次，最终才包含了“pleasant(愉快的)”这层含义。当表达“还没来得及……就……”时，须用连词before。]
19．when[考查时间状语从句。通读题干可知：父亲叫醒我看足球赛时，已是夜半时分。when符合语境。]
20．before[考查状语从句的连接词。句意：那对送还我钱包的夫妇，我还没来得及问他们的姓名，他们就离开了。根据句意，我问他们之前，他们离开，before意为：没来得及。] 21．where[考查地点状语从句。句意：半小时过后，露西在她下公共汽车的地方还没有搭上出租车。由句意可知地点状语从句中缺少地点副词，故where为答案。]
22．if/though[考查状语从句。句意：即使森林公园很远，每年仍有很多游客来参观。根据句意，可以判断出两句话为让步关系，所以用even if＝even though 即使。] 23．although/though[考查状语从句。句意：尽管历史无法更改，但我们可以从中获得面对未来的一些教训。根据语境可知前后文为让步关系。]
24．although/though[考查从属连词。句意：我真的不喜欢这位作者，尽管我不得不承认他的
书很激动人心。从句表示让步关系，故用although。]
25．unless[考查状语从句。句意：如果你不全身心投入到你的工作，你就永远不会成功。根据句意可知此句是条件状语从句。]
26．Once/If[考查状语从句的连接词。句意：一旦(如果)你开始用一种更健康的方式饮食，控制体重就会变得更容易了。]
2020高中英语高考状语从句精讲精练
2020高考状语从句精讲精练 一．高考链接： 1.(2020北京)Leave your key with a neighbour________you lock yourself out one day. A.ever since B.even if C.soon after D.in case 答案：D句意：留一把钥匙给你的邻居以防哪天你忘了带钥匙进不了门。A、B、C三项均不符合题意，只有D项表示“以防，以免”符合逻辑，故选择D. 2.(2020天津) It is d ifficult for us to learn a lesson in life_______we’ve actually had that lesson . A.until B.after C.since D.when 答案：A句意：在亲身经历之前，我们很难去体会生活中的教训。根据题意，B、C、D项均不符合逻辑，只有A项最佳。只是对于until的考查已不再像过去那样考查not…until句型，由此题看出，对该词的考查已趋于复杂。 3.(2020上海)Pop music is such an important part of society________it has even influced our language . A.as B.that C.which D.where 答案：B句意：流行音乐是社会中如此重要的一部分以至于它影响了我们的语言。本题考查“such…that”句型，that引导结果状语从句。本题考生很可能误选A，构成“such…as”结构，但该结构中的as引导的是定语从句，而定语从句需是一个残缺的句子，it has even influence our language并不残缺，故选A项错误。4.(2020北京) He found it increasingly difficult to read,_________his eyesight was beginning to fail. A.and B.for C.but D.or 答案：B for 在此处为并列连词，解释前一句的情况。 5.(2020湖南) I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel______ I heard the steps.
高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and,both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or,either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but,yet,while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 5.when作并列连词的用法
when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb.was doing sth.when... ②sb.was about to/going to do sth.when... ③sb.was on the point of doing sth.when... ④sb.had just done sth.when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴，而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知，第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you. 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or
高考必考语法精讲精练专题八：动词的时态和语态(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练 语法专题八：动词的时态和语态 动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。时态（tense）是一种动词形式，同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态，英语中有16种时态。《2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项：（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时；此外还列了被动语态，并将其作为单独一项。 2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived；第71题（短文改错）考查了think变为过去时thought；第75题（短文改错）考查了被动语态，删掉been；第79题（短文改错）考查了将动词过去时的found变为现在时的find。 2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查了allow的一般过去时的被动语态was allowed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have；77题（短文改错）考查了将using变为被动used。 2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了remove的一般现在时的被动语态are removed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将动词goes变成一般过去时went。 各种时态构成表：（以do为例） 一、一般现在时：动词原形或第三人称单数 1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 （1）直接加“s”：work→works，take→takes （2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”：carry→c arries （3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”：go→goes，dress→dresses，watch→watches，finish→finishes 2．功能： （1）表现在的事实、状态或动作。例如： ①I have a dream. ②She loves music. ③Mary's parents get up very early. （2）表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，occasionally，frequently，seldom 等时间副词连用。例如： ①I always take a walk after supper. ②She writes to me very often.
2018年高考英语语法复习精讲三(动词时态和语态)
2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练 在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。 时态主动语态形式被动语态形式 一般现在时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时was/were/did was/were done 现在完成时has/have done has/have been done 现在完成进行 时 has/have been doing/ 现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 过去完成时had done had been done 将来完成时will/shall have done will/shall have been done 一般将来时will/shall do am/is/are going to do am/is/are coming/leaving am/is/are to do am/is/are about to do will/shall be done am/is/are to be done 过去将来时would do was going to do was coming/leaving was to do was about to do would be done was/were to be done 将来进行时will/shall be doing/ 考点1一般现在时 一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空： ①I'll go there after I________(finish)my work. ②The water will be further polluted unless some measures________(take)． ③My train________(leave)at6：30. ④A snow________(expect)to come next week. ⑤Here________(come)the bus. ⑥This kind of cloth________(wash)well. ⑦Don't take it away.It________(belong)to me. ⑧He said water________(boil)at100℃. 考点2一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。 现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强
3单元语法精讲精练(2)
单元同步语法 unless, as soon as, so…that… 引导的状语从句 1.unless 引导的条件状语从句 Unless =〉if…not, 表示反面条件，意为“如果不、除非”。eg: They will go tomorrow unless it rains. =〉They will go tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. 除非明天下雨，否则他们会去的。 I won’t let you in unless you show me your pass. =〉I won’t let you in if you don’t show me your pass. 如果你不出示通行证，我就不让你进来。 注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。 2.as soon as 引导的时间状语从句 as soon as …意为“一……就……”，用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。eg: He will come and see you as soon as he can. 他一有空就来看你。 He rushed home as soon as he got the good news. 他一得到这个好消息就奔回家。 注意：as soon as 引导的时间状语从句在过去时态中主从句时态一致；若主句用一般将来时态，则从句用一般现在时态。 3.so…that…引导的结果状语从句 so…that意为“如此……以致……”，其引导的结果状语从句有如下四种结构： （1）so+形容词/副词+that从句。eg: The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。 The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。 （2）so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句。eg： It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 天是那么的热以致他们都去游泳了。 He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以致大家都很激动。 （3）so+many/few+复数名词+that从句。eg: I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤，以致于浑身青一块，紫一块。 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。 （4）so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句。eg: I had so little money then that I couldn’t even afford a used car. 我当时囊中羞涩，甚至连一辆二手车都买不起。 He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible. 昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。 单元同步语法强化训练 Ⅰ.用连词if, unless, as soon as 或so/such…that填空。 1.The animals were ______ lovely _______ I spent a whole day in the zoo. 2. _______it is cold tomorrow, he will stay at home and watch TV. 3.I sent some flowers to her _________ she finished speaking on the stage. 4.It was ________ an interesting story _________ everyone fell in love with it. 5.I won’t let you in ________ you get here on time. 6.He rushed home ___________ he got the good news. 7.You can’t get here on time _________ you get up earlier than before. Ⅱ.同义句转换，每空一词。 8.The movie is so exciting that all of us want to see it again. It is_____ ______ ______movie that all of us want to see it again. 9.He is too weak to carry the chair. He’s _____ _____ ______ he can’t carry the chair. 10.She will go to the party if she is free. She won’t go to the party _______ she _______ free. 11.He finished his homework. He handed his homework in at once. He handed his homework in _____ _____ ____ he finished it. 12.Zhang Lili was so brave that she saved her students. Zhang Lili was _______ _______ to save her students. Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 13.除非这个星期六下雨，否则我们就去公园。 We _____ ______to the park ______ it _______ this Saturday. 14.迈克总是一到家就打开电脑。 Mike always turns on the computer ______ _____ ______ he gets home. 15.这个房间如此大以致于能容纳20人。 This room is _______ big ________ it can hold 20 people.
语法专攻高考英语一轮精讲精练英语句子结构和成分分析含详解 (1)
简单句的五种基本结构 正确的英语句子都要符合一定的语法结构要求。英语句子的结构可以归纳成五种基本句型。英语句子都可以看作是这五种句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装构成的。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础，也是学好其他语法知识的前提。 英语五种基本句型结构如下：用符号表示为： ①ＳＶ（主＋谓） ②ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） ③ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） ④ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） ⑤ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 主语（subject）谓语（predicate） 宾语（object）定语（attribute） 状语(adverbial) 补语（complement） 表语（predicative） 考点1. 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语。如: Itisrainingnow.(ＳＶ) We’veworked for5hours.(ＳＶ) Themeetinglastedhalfanhour.(ＳＶ) Timeflies.(ＳＶ) 练习1. 分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句 型中的哪一种。 1.Darkcloudshungoverhead.() 2.Graduallyasmileappearedonherf ace.() 3.Heissmilingalloverhisface.() 4.IdidwellinEnglish.() 5.Hetalkedloudlyintheclassroomy esterday.() 考点2. 基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。ShelikesEnglish. Weplantedalotoftreesonthefarmye sterday. 练习2. 分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句 型中的哪一种。 1.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEng lish. 2.Jimcannotdresshimself.
最高考2016届高考英语语法精讲精练专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点
实用标准文案 文档大全专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点 近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。 1 情态动词所表示的多种含义 1. can和could的用法 ①表示能力。如： I can run fast. ②表示客观可能性。如： An experienced driver can have an accident at times. ③表示请求和允许。用could 语气更委婉。如： —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ④表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)。如：Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 2. may和might的用法 ①表示许可。如： You may drive the car. —May/Might I use your pen? —No，you mustn't. ②用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! ③表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。表推测的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。如： He may be very busy now. ④用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。如： No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldn't give up. 3. will 和would的用法 ①用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。如： I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen. ②用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。用would比用will语气更客气。如： Will/Would you please keep the door open? ③表示真理或习惯，意为“惯于，总是”。如： She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. He would get up early when
语法——并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 作并列连词的用法
when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴，而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017 北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知，第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you.? 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析) -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考必考语法精讲精练 语法专题十一：并列句与状语从句 状语从句是比较重要的语法项目。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将状语从句列为必考项。全国卷新课标Ⅰ对状语从句的考查一般在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。 2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。 2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第43题（完形填空）考查了状语从句引导词Since /Although /As /If的选择。 2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。 一、并列句 (一) 并列连词 ①They come from the same country，and they are good friends. ②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all day with her.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ) ③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over. ④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours. ⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay? 规律总结： 1．表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。 2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而，但是), while(然而)等。 3．表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。 4．表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。 (二) 祈使句＋and/or/otherwise句式 ①Work hard and you will succeed. ＝If you work hard, you will succeed. ②Hurry up or we will be late. ＝If you don't hurry up, we will be late. ③A few more efforts and you will succeed. ＝If you make a few more efforts, you will succeed. 规律总结： 1．祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If ...，＋主句。 2．祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句＝If ... not ...，＋主句。 二、状语从句
高考英语语法专题精讲精练-定语从句
语法专题一：定语从句 1. 定语从句的几个基本概念： 1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名次或代词，通常位于定从的前面。 2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。 3) 关系代词：即先行词在定从中作主、宾、表、定。 作主语：指物，则用that, which引导，且不能省略；指人，用that, who引导，不省略。 作宾语：即及物动词宾语和介词宾语：指物，用that, which引导，可省略； 指人，用that, who, whom引导，可省略。 注意：如将介词提到了定从之首，先行词指人，只能用whom; 指物只能用which。 作表语：一般指人、指物皆用that, 可省略。 作定语：指人、指物皆用whose,不省略。 4) 关系副词：即先行词在定从中作状语，指时间用when, 地点用where, 原因用why，亦 可用介词+which替代。 所谓作状语：即先行词不能直接放入从句中，需要有一个介词连接，而从句中却没有这个介词。 5) 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。 (1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。 (2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。 (3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。 (4) as为关系代词，“正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。 注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。 2. 一些特殊用法： 1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况： (1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only, the very等修饰时； (2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等时； (3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时； (4) 先行词既有人又有物时； (5) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。 2) 一般只用which引导从句的情况： (1) 引导非限制性定语从句，指前面的某名词或它前面的整个主句时； (2) 引导介词、介词短语提前的定语从句时； (3）当先行词为集体名词时，着眼于整体，用which；着眼于各个成员，用who； (4) 替代某些固定短语中的指示代词，如this, that等, 引导定从。 3) 由as引导的定语从句的几种常见情况： (1) as引导非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句的内容，和which引导定语从句代替整个 句子的区别是：which不能放在句首，而as则可以；在句中，as有“正如”、“就象” 之意，而which则没有此意； (2）当先行词前有the same，such修饰时，或在“so / as…as”结构中，表示“那样…… 以致”，后用关系代词as引导限制性定语从句； (3) 在such…as结构中，as为关系代词，替代先行词，引导的是定语从句；在such…that 结构中，that为连词，引导的是一个完整的结果状语从句。
最高考高考英语语法精讲精练 专题十 状语从句和并列句常考点
专题十状语从句和并列句常考点 状语从句是一项较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。掌握状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。 1状语从句中从属连词when， while，as的多种含义 when：当……时候；就在那时；既然；虽然；在……之后； as：一边……一边；随着；虽然；因为；依照，如……； while：在……期间；而；虽然。
用when，while和as填空： ①He will take my place ________ I am away. ②I was having my lunch ________ the fire alarm went off. ③________ you have finished your work，you may have a rest. ④________ he swam，he cried for help. ⑤________ the Internet is of great help，I don't think it good to spend too much time on it. 【答案】①while②when③When④As⑤While 2as引导让步状语从句 as引导让步状语从句时要倒装，若是倒装，需将所强调的成分即名词(句首名词不能有任何冠词)、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前。 [注]①though引导状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，although不能引起倒装。 ②as，though，although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but，但可以和still，yet 连用。
语法 并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01 考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词
表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 5.when作并列连词的用法 when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin.
【高考专题】高考必考语法精讲精练专题10：名词性从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练 语法专题十：名词性从句 名词性从句是比较重要的语法项目。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对名词性从句列了四项：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。全国卷新课标Ⅰ对名词性从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。 2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查名词性从句。 2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第71题（短文改错）考查了宾语从句的引导词，My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.本句中须将that改为where。 2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查了名词性从句。 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。 ①What was most important to her was her family.(主语从句) ②I don’t know what you want to say.(宾语从句) ③The good news is that we have won the game.(表语从句) ④The news that we have won the game is true.(同位语从句) 注意：连词that在引导名词性从句时无词义，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略，在引导宾语从句时，口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接词以及关联短语在句中既保留自己的含义又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。名词性从句一般都用陈述句 ．．．的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。例如： ①The problem is what he has done to the little boy. ②We all don’t know when he will come. 1. 主语从句 在复合句中作主语的句子叫主语从句 主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether 和连接代词what, who,which,whatever, whoever以及连接副词how,when,where, why等词引导。例如： ①That he stole a bike was true. ②What he wants to tell us is not clear. ③Who will win the match is still unknown. ④Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练情态动词之高考真题精选(3)
情态动词之高考真题精选（3） 1. He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he __________be quite charming when he wishes. A. shall B. should C. can D. must 2. Traveling by subway __________sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour. A. must B. can C. shall D. should 3. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t 4. Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago. A. would have been B. might have been C. shouldn't have been D. couldn't have been 5. I __________my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. A. should pass B. could have passed C. had passed D. must have passed 6. Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _________ just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would 7. We _________have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. A. needn't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 8. It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another. A. could B. would C. should D. might 9. According to the air traffic rules, you _______ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. may B. can C. would D. should