语言学术语(英-汉对照)表

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表
语言学术语(英-汉对照)表

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表

Glossary and Index

A

abbreviation 缩写词,略语3.3.1

Abercrombie 10.3.2

ablative 夺格,离格4.1.1

abstractness 抽象性1.3.2

accent 重音(符)2.4.4;2.4.5

accuracy 正确性11.6.4

accusative 宾格4.1.1

achievement test 成绩测试11.6.3

acoustic phonetics 声学语音学1.7.1;2.1 acquisition 习得6.1.2

acronym 缩略语3.3.1

action process 动作过程12.2.3

actor 动作者4.4.2;12.2.3

addition 添加3.3.2

address form 称呼形式7.2.3

addressee 受话人1.4;9.4.1

addresser 发话人1.4;9.4.1

adjective 形容词3.1.2;4.1.1;5.5.2

adjunct 修饰成分;附加语12.2.3

adverb 副词3.1.2

affix 词缀3.2.1

affix hopping 词缀跳跃4.3.1

affixation词缀附加法7.1.4

affricate 塞擦音2.4.3;2.4.5;2.9.1

agreement 一致关系4.1.3

airstream 气流2

alliteration 头韵9.3.2;9.3.6

allomorph 词/语素变体3.2.4;4.3.1

allophone 音位变体2.8

allophonic variation 音位变体2.8.3

allophony音位变体现象2.8.3

alveolar ridge 齿龈2.2

alveolar 齿龈音2.4.4;2.4.5

ambiguity 歧义4.2.2;4.3.1;6.2.3;8.2.2;8.3.2 ambiguous歧义的5.5.2;6.3

American descriptive linguistics 美国描写语言学12.3 American English 美式英语10.3.5

American Indian languages 美国印第安族诸语言12.3 American structuralism 美国结构主义10.3.2;12.3 analogical creation 类推造字3.3.1

anapest 抑抑扬格9.3.3

anaphor 前指替代4.3.3

anaphoric reference 前指照应4.3.2

Anderson 6.3.1

Animal communication system 动物交际系统1.2;1.3 animate 有生命的4.2.1

annotation 注解10.3.4;10.3.5

antecedent 先行词;前在词4.3.2

anthropological 人类学的12.3.1

anthropological linguistics 人类语言学1.8.3;7.1.1 anticipatory coarticulation 逆化协同发音2.6.1 antonomasia 换称;代类名7.1.4

antonym 反义词5.4

antonymy 反义(关系) 5.3.2

appellative 称谓性4.4.2

applied linguistics 应用语言学11

applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语言学7.2.4 appropriacy 适宜性11.6.4

appropriateness 适宜性;得体性11.2.5 approximant 无摩擦延续音2.4.3;2.4.5

Apte 7;7.2.1

aptitude test 素质测试11.6.2

Arabic 阿拉伯语3.3.1;4.4.1

arbitrariness 任意性1.3.1;12

argument 中项;中词;主目4.3.3;5.5.2

article 冠词3.1.2;4.1.1;4.2.1

articulation 发音2.6

articulator 发音器官2.4.2;2.4.3

articulatory phonetics 发音语音学1.7.1;2.1 artificial speech 人工言语10

aspect 体4.1.2

aspirated 吐气;送气2.6.2;2.8.2 assimilation 同化2.9.1;3.2.4;3.3.2;6.2.4 associative 联想4.2.1

associative meaning 联想意义5.3 assonance 准压韵;半谐音9.3.2;9.3.6 Atkinson, A.M. 2.1

attributive 属性;修饰语;定语4.2.2;12.2.3 auditory phonetics 听觉语音学1.7.1;2.1 Austin, John Langshaw 8.1;8.1.2

authentic input 真实投入11.4.2

authorial style 权威风格9.4.3

authoring program 编程10.1.3

autonomy 自主性1.8

auxiliary 助词3.1.2;12.4.3

auxiliary verb 助动词3.1.2;12.2.3

B

babbling stage 婴儿语阶段12.4.1

back-formation 逆构词法3.3.1

Bally, Charles 9.1

Bar-Hillel 10.2.1

Barnhart & Barnhart 7.1.4

base component 基础部分4.3.2;12.4。4 Baudouin de Courtenay, Jan 2.8.2

behaver 行为者12.2.3

behavioural process 行为过程12.2.3 behaviourism 行为主义12.3.2;12.4.1

Bell, A.M. 2.5.

Bennette, James 9.1

Bereiter 6.4.2

Berlin,Brent 7.1.2

Berns 7.2.4

Biber, et al 10.3.3

bilabial 双唇音2.4.4;2.4.5

bilabial nasal 双唇鼻音2.4.5

bilateral opposition 双边对立12.1.2

bilingualism 双语现象7.2.3

binary division 二分法4.2.2

binary feature 二分特征2.10

binary taxonomy 二分分类学5.4

binding 制约4.3.3;8.3.3;12.4.6

binding theory 制约论4.3.3;12.4.6

Black English 黑人英语1.1

blade 舌叶;舌面前部2.4.4

blank verse 无韵诗9.3.4

blending 混成法3.3.1

Bloch 12.3.2

Bloom 7.1.3

Bloomfield, L. 2.8.2; 3.1.2; 4.2.2; 12.3.2; 12.3.3; 12.4.2 Boas, Franz 2.8.2;7.1.1;12.3.1

Bolinger 1.3.2

Bolto 7.2.2

borrowing 借用;借词3.3.1

bound morpheme 粘着语素3.2.1

bounding theory 管辖论4.3.3;12.4.6

bracketing 括号法12.4.3

Bransford 6.3.1

Bransford, John 6.4

brevity maxim 简洁准则8.3.2

bridging 架接8.3.3

Britian, D. 2.10

British English 英式英语10.3.5

broad transcription 宽式音标2.6.2;2.8.3 broadening 词义扩大3.3.3

Brown corpus 布朗语料库10.3.2

Burton, Dolores Burton 9.1

C

calculability 可计算性8.2.3

calque 仿造;仿造词语3.3.1

cancellability 可删除8.2.3

cardinal numeral 基数3.1.2

cardinal vowel 基本元音2.5.2

Carpenter 6.2.5

Carroll, B.J. 11.6.4

Carter and Simpson 9.1

case 格4.1.1

case grammar格语法12.5.1

case theory格理论4.3.3;12.4.6

category 范畴1.4;3.1.2;3.2.1;4.1;4.3.2;6.2.3;8.2.1;10.3.5;

12.3.3;12.4

categorical component 范畴成分4.3.2;4.3.3

causative 使役的;使投动词8.3.2

CD-I, compact disk-interactive 交互式激光视盘10.1.3

Cell 12.3.3

center 中心词4.2.3

central determiner 中心限定词3.1.2

chain relation 链状关系4.2.1

chain system 链状系统12.2.3

Chao,Y.R. 2.8.2

Chen 11.2

Chinese 汉语3.3.1;4.1.1;5.0;5.3.2;8.1.2;8.2;12.2.3

choice 选择12.2.3

choice system 选择系统12.2.3

Chomsky, Noam 1.9.4;2.11;4.2.2;4.3;6;6.1.2;7.2.1;8.3.3;10;

10.3.2;11.2.3;11.2.5;12.4;12.4.7;12.5.1

circumstance 环境因子12.2.3

Clahsen,H. 2.10

class 词类3.1.2;12.3.3

class shift 词性变换3.3.3

clause 小句;从句3.1.1;4.4.2

click 吸气音;咂音2.2

clipping 截断法3.3.1

closed class 封闭类3.1.2

closed syllable 闭音节2.11.1

cluster 音丛2.11.1

coarticulation 协同发音2.6;2.7

coda 结尾音节;符尾2.11

code 语码;信码1.4;3.1.2

cognitive psycholinguistics 认知心理语言学6

cognitive psychology 认知心理学6.4.1

cognitive system 认知系统4.3.3

coherence 相关;关联6.4.2;12.2.3

cohension 衔接12.3.3

Cohort theory 6.2.1

co-hyponym 同下义词5.3.2

colligation 类连结12.2.2

collocative meaning 搭配意义12.2.2

color word 色彩词7.1.2

color word system 色彩词系统7.1.2

command 指令1.9.1;4.3.3

common core 共核11.3.3

common noun 普通名词5.5.2

communication 交际1.1;1.3;1.4

communicative competence 交际能力1.9.4;7.2.4;11.2.5;11.3.3 communicative dynamism, CD 交际性动力12.1.3

communicative language teaching, CLT 交际语言教学法11.2 communicative Sentence Pattern, CSP 交际性句子模式12.1.3 communicative syllabus 交际教学大纲11.3.3;

communicative test 交际性测试11.6.4

communicative-grammatical approach 交际-语法教学法11.3.3 compact disk 激光盘10.1.3

COMPACT DISD-READ ONLY MEMORY,CD-ROM 激光视盘10.1.3 comparative degree 比较级5.3.2

competence 能力1.9.4;12.4.1;12.4.7

complement 补语12.2.3

complementary antonym 互补反义词5.5.2

complementary antonymy 互补反义关系5.3.2

complementary distribution 互补分布2.8.3;3.2.4

complex predicate 复合谓语5.5.2

component 成分1.1;3.2.1;11.3.3

componential analysis 成分分析5.4

composite proposition 复合命题5.5.2

compositionality 复合性5.4;5.5.2

compound 复合词;复合句2.12;3.2.1;3.2.3 comprehension 理解6.1.2

computation 计算12.4.3

computational linguistics 计算语言学1.8.4;10 computational system 计算系统4.3.3

computer 计算机;电脑10

computer-assisted learning, CAL 计算机辅助学习10.1.1 computer corpus 计算机语料库10.3.1

computer hardware 计算机硬件10.2.1

computer literacy 计算机操作能力10

computer networks 计算机网络10..1.3

computer system 计算机系统

computer-assisted instruction, CAI 计算机辅助教学10.1.1 computer-assisted learning,CALL 计算机辅助语言学习10.1 conative 意动的1.4;4.4.2

concept 概念4.2.1;5.1

conceptual meaning 概念意义5.3;5.4

concord 一致(关系)4.1.3

concordance 共现关系10.3.3

concrete noun 具体名词5.5.2

concurrent 同时发生的11.6.3

conjugation 词形变化3.3.1

conjunct 连接副词5.5.2

conjunction 连接词3.1.2;5.5.2

conjunction buttressing 连接词支撑8.3.3

connotation 内涵5;5.3;8.3.3

consequent 跟随成分5.5.2

consonance 辅音韵9.3.2;9.3.6

consonant辅音2;3.2.4

constant opposition 不变对立12.1.2

constative 表述的8.1.1

constituent command 成分指令4.3.3

constituent proposition 成分命题5.5.2

constituent structure analysis 成分结构分析12.4.3 constituent 成分3.1.2;4.2.2;8.3.3

construct 编制11.6.4

construct validity 编制效度11.6.3

construction 构建4.2.2

constructivism 构建主义11.4.3

contact 接触1.4

content analysis 内容分析10.4.3

content validity 内容效度11.6.3

content word 实义词3.1.2

context dependent 语境依赖的5.3.1

context of situation 情景语境7.1.1;12.2.1;12.2.2

context 语境1.7.6;2.9.2;6.3;7.1.1

contextual analyses 语境分析12.2.2

contextual meaning 语境意义8

contrastive analysis 对比分析11.5.4

control theory 控制理论4.3.3;12.4.6

controlled language 有控制的语言10.2.1

convention 常规;规约1.3.1

conventional meaning 常规意义;规约意义8.2.3 conventionality 常规性;规约性1.3.1

conversational implicature 会话含义8.2.3;8.3 conversational maxim 会话准则8.3.2;9.5.1

converse antonymy 相反反义现象5.3.2

conversion 变换7.1.4

Cook 11.3;11.4.3

cooperative principle, CP 合作原则1.7.6;8.2.1;8.2.2;9.5.1 coordinate construction 并列结构4.2.3

coordination 并列4.2.1

Corder 11.5.2

coreferential 互参的4.3.2;4.3.3;8.3.3

coronal 舌面前音2.10

corpus data 语料库语料10.3.5

corpus (pl. corpora) 语料;素材10.3.1;10.3.5;12.3.3 corpus linguistics 语料库语言学10.3

context 上下文1.4;6.2.1

countable 可数(名词)4.2.1 counterfactual proposition 反事实命题5.5.2 couplet 对句;对联9.3.4

creativity 创造性;原创性1.3.2

Creole 克里澳尔语;混和语7.2.3

cross-cultural 跨文化7.1.3

cross-cultural communication 跨文化交际7.1.1 cross-linguistic 跨语言的7.1.2

Crystal, David 1.5.5;2.8.1;7.1.1

Culler 12

culture 文化7;7.1;7.1.4;12.3.1

culturally-specific 文化特异的7.1.3 curriculum 教学大纲11.3

customizing 定制的10.1.3

D

dactyl 扬抑抑格9.3.3

Dani language 达尼语7.1.2

Darnell 7.1.1

data retrieval, DR 资料检索10.4

database 数据库12.2.5

dative (case) 与格4.1.1;4.3.1

dative movement 与格移动4.3.1 declarative 陈述句4.3.1;4.4.2

decoding 解码8.3.1

deductive 演绎的12.4.7

deep structure 深层结构4.3.1;12.4.4;12.4.5 defeasibility 消除可行性8.2.3

definite 有定的3.1.2;4.3.3

degenerate data 无用的语料12.4.1

deixis 指称9.4.1

DeKeyser 11.4.1

deletion rule 12.4.5

delicacy 精密阶10.2.3

Dell 6.4.1

denotation 外延;指称5;8.3.3

dental 齿音2.4.4;2.4.5

dentalization 齿音化2.9.1;2.9.2

derivation 衍生3.2.3

derivational affix. 衍生词汇3.2.1

derivational morphology 派生形态学3.2.3 description 描写1.9.1;11.5.3;12.2.3;12.3.3 descriptive adequacy 描写充分性12.4.2

descriptive linguistics 描写语言学12.4

design feature 结构特征1.3

determiner 限定词3.1.2;4.1.3;4.2.1;4.3.1;6.2.3 developing grammar 发展语法12.4.1

deviant 变体9.2.1

deviation 偏离;变异1.9.4

devoicing 清音化2.9.1;2.9.3

diachronic linguistics 历时语言学12

diachronic 历时的1.9.2;8.3.2

diacritic 附加符号;变音符2.3.2;2.6.2 diagnostic test 诊断性测试11.6.2

dialect 方言1.1

dialectology 方言学7.2.2;10.3.5

dialogue 对话9.5.1

dictionary 词典5.5.2;10.3.5

digitized sound 数字化语音10.1.3

dimetre 二音步诗行9.3.3

diphthong 二合元音;双元音2.5.2;3.2.4;3.3.2 direct object 直接宾语6.2.4;9.2.1;12.1.3

direct speech, DS 直接言语9.4.2

direct thought, DT 直接思想9.4.2

directionality 方向性7.1.4

discourse 语篇;话语6.3;9.4.1;1.3.3

discourse analysis 语篇分析;话语分析7.2.3;12.2.3 discourse interpretation 语篇理解6.3

discovery procedure (12.3.3)

discrete 分离的;离散的1.3.2

discrete-point grammar 离散语法11.4

discrete point test 分立性测试11.6.4

disjunction 分离关系5.5.2

displacement 移位1.3.2

dissimilation 异化(作用)3.2.4 distinctive feature 区别性特征2.10 distinguisher 辩义成分5.5.2

distribution 分布3.1.2;12.3.3

do-insertion rule do 添加规则12.4.3

domain 范围;领域1.7.1;3.3;3.3.4;12.4.5 dorsal 舌背音;舌中音2.10

dorsum 舌背(音)2.2

double comparative 双重比较3.2.3

Doughty 11.4.1

Downes 7.1.1

download 下载10.2.4

drama 戏剧9.5

drill-and-practice software 操练软件10.1.3

D-structure D结构4.3.3

dual 双数4.1.1;6.3.2

dualistic view 二分观点7.2.1;7.2.3

duality 二重性1.3.2

Durkheim,E 12

E

early Modern English 早期现代英语9.5.1 economy 经济性;简洁性8.3.2;10.3.2 ejective 爆发音2.2

electronic mail 电子邮件10.2.4 Elizabethan English 伊利莎白时期英语9.5.1 ellipsis 省略(法)12.4.3

elliptical sentence structure 省略句子结构9.4.2 Ellis, J. 2.5.2;11.4.1;11.4.3

embedded element 嵌入成分9.2.1

emic 位学的1.9.5

emotive 感情的1.4;1.5.4;4.4.2

emphasis 强调3.1.2

empirical 经验主义的12.3.3

empirical data 经验主义的语料10.3.5

empirical validity 经验效度11.6.3

empiricism 经验主义12.4.1

empty category, EC 空范畴12.4.6

enabling skills 使成技能化11.6.4

encoding 编码8.3.1

end rhyme 末端韵9.3.6

endocentric construction 内向结构4.3.3;4.2.3

entailment 蕴涵5.4;8.2.3

entry condition 入列条件12.2.3

epenthesis 插音;增音2.9.2;2.9.3

equipollent opposition 均等对立12.1.2

equivalence 相等5.5.2

equivalence reliability 相等信度11.6.3

error analysis 错误分析11.5

EST 科技英语12.4.6

ethnicity identity 民族认同7.2.2

ethnography of communication 交际民族学7.1.1

etic 非位的;素的1.9.5

evaluation 评估12.4.2;10.4.3;11.3.2

event process 事件过程12.2.3

example-based machine translation 基于例句的机器翻译10.2.2 exchange error 交换错误6.4.1

exchange sequence 交际序列9.5.1

exchange structure 交际结构9.5.1

exhaustive 穷尽的;彻底的12.4.3

existent 存在物12.2.3

existential 存在句4.4.2

existential process 存在过程12.2.3

existential quantifier 存在数量词5.5.2

exocentric 外向的3.2.3

exocentric construction 外向结构4.2.3;4.3.3

experiential 经验的4.4.2

experiential function 经验功能12.2.3

experimental psycholinguistics 实验心理语言学6 explanatory adequacy 解释充分性12.4.2

explicit grammar instruction, EGI 明显的语法教学法11.2 expression minimization 表达最底程度8.3.3 expressive 表达的1.5.4;4.4.2

extended standard theory, EST 扩展标准理论12.4.5 extensive 引申的;扩展的12.2.3

extent-condition format 程度条件格式8.3.1

external evaluation 外部评估11.3.2;11.6

external qualifier 外部修饰语5.5.2

extrinsic sources of error 外在的错误来源11.6.3

eye movement 眼部移动6.2.5

F

face validity 卷面效度11.6.3

facilitation 便利;促进11.5.4

Fasold 7.1.2;7.2.2;7.2.4

feasibility 可行性11.2.5

feature 特征5.5.2

feedback 反馈10.4.2

felicity condition 适宜性条件;恰当条件8.1.1 feminine 阴性10.3.5

fiction 小说9.4.4;9.5.1

figurative language 比喻性语言;象征性语言9.2.2 figures of speech 修辞手段;修辞格9.4.4

Fillmore, C.J. 12.5.1

finite element 有定成分12.2.3

finite 有定的;有限的4.4.2

finite state grammar 有限状态语法12.4.3

Firbas, J. 12.1.3

first-person narrator 第一人称叙述者9.4.1

Firth, J.R. 7.1.1;12.2

Firthian phonology 弗斯音系学12.2.3

Fishman 7.1.1

flap 闪音2.4.3

flexibility 灵活性;变通性11.6.4

floppy disk 软盘10.1.2

Flower 6.4.2

focus 焦点;中心2.9.2

Fodor 5.2.2

folk etymology 俗词源学;民间词源3.3.3

foregrounded features 突出特征9.4.4

foregrounding 突出;前景话9.2.1;9.2.3

foreign language teaching 外语教学11

form 形式3.1.1;3.3.2;7.2.2;11;11.4.1;12.2.3

formal difference 形式差异12.3.1

formalization 形式化12.3.3;12.4.7

formation 形成3.2

formative 构形成分;构词成分3.2.1

free form 自由形式3.1.2

free indirect speech, FIS 自由间接言语9.4.2

free indirect thought, FIT 自由间接思想9.4.2

free morpheme 自由语素3.2.1;4.3.1

free root morpheme 自由词根语素3.2.2

free variant 自由变体2.8.3

free verse 自由韵文9.3.4

French 法语3.3;4.1.1;9.5.1;10.2.3

frequency effect 频率效应6.2.1

Freud 12

fricative (摩)擦音2.4.3;2.4.5;2.9.1

friction 摩擦2.4.3

front 舌面前;舌前的2.5.1

fully automatic high quality translation, FAHQT 全自动高质量翻译10.2.1

function word 功能词3.1.2

function 功能1.5;4.1;4.4.2

functional grammar 功能语法11.3.3;12.2.3

functional linguistics 功能语言学11.2.4

functional sentence perspective, FSP 功能句子观12.1.3

functions of language 语言功能12.2.3

fusion 溶合3.3.1

fuzzy 模糊的10.3.5

G

Gao 7.1.4

Garrett 6.4.1;7.2.2;10.1.3

gender difference 性别差异7.2.3

gender 4.1.1;10.3.5;12.2.3

general linguistics 普通语言学12.3.3

generalisation 概括1.3.2;12.4.2

generative grammar 生成语法12.4;12.4.6

generative semantics 生成语言学12.5.1

genitive 属格;所有格4.1.1

genre 体裁;语类9.4.1;10.3.5

German 德语3.1.2;10.2.3

given (information) 已给信息4.4.2;9.4.1;12.1.3

global task 整体任务11.6.4

glottal 喉音2.4.4;2.4.5

glottal stop 喉塞音2.2

goal 目标12.2.3

Gomulicki 6.3.2

government theory 支配理论12.4.6

government 支配4.1;4.1.3;4.3.3;8.2.3

grammatical analysis 语法分析4.4.1

grammatical function 2.12;4.2.3;4.6.2

grammatical structure 语法结构11.2.2

gradable antonymy 分等级的反义关系5.3.2

gradual opposition 渐次对立12.1.2

grammar 语法3.1.1;3.2.4;11.4.1;12.2.3;12.3.3;12.4.2 grammatical category 语法范畴12.3.3

grammatical concept 语法概念12.3.1

grammatical description 语法描写12.4.3

grammatical form 语法形式9.2.1

grammatical marker 语法标记5.5.2

grammatical meaning 语法意义3.1.2;3.2.4

grammatical organization 语法组成9.4.4

grammatical pattern 语法类型11.2.2

grammatical process 语法过程12.3.1

grammatical rule 语法规则8.3.3

grammatical sentence pattern, GSP 语法句形12.1.3

grammatical structure 语法结构9.2.1;9.2.3;12.3.1 grammatical subject 语法主语4.4.2

grammatical system 语法系统12.3.1

grammatical word 语法词3.1.2;9.4.2

graphitic form 文字形式2.3.2

Greek 希腊语3.3.1;4;4.1.1;7.2.2;11.2.1

Greenberg et al 7.1.2

Gregersen 7.2.2

Grice 8;8.2;8.2.2;8.3.1;9.5.1

Gricean maxim Grice准则8.3.1;9.4.2

group 词组12.2.3

guttural 腭音2.10

H

half-rhyme 半韵9.3.6

Hall, R. 2.11;12.3.3

Halle, Morris 12.5.1

Halliday, M.A.K 4.4.2;7.1.1;10;11.2.4;11.3.3;12.2;12.2.3 hard palate 硬腭2.2;2.4.4

Harris 7.2.1

Hartley 1.8

Hatzfeld, Helmet 9.1

Hayes 6.4.2

head 中心词;中心成分4.2.3

headed construction 中心结构4.2.3

heptameter 七音步诗行9.3.3

hierarchical structure 等级结构4.2.2

hierarchical system 等级系统12.4.3

hierarchy 等级体系1.3.2;3.1.1;3.1.2;12.3.3

Higgins 10.1.3

high 高(元音)2.5.1

Hill, A 12.3.3

historical linguistics 历史语言学1.9.1;10.3.5

Hockett, Charles 2.8.2;4.2.3;3;12.3.3

Holmes 10.3.5

holophrastic stage 单词句阶段12.4.1

homonym 同音/形异议词12.2.1

Hopi Hopi语7.1.1;7.1.2

horizontal relation 链状关系4.2.1

Horn scale 霍恩阶8.3.3

Horn, Lawrence 8.3.2

Householder 8.3.2

Hu 11.2

Huang, Yan 8.3.3

human cognitive system 人类认知系统12.4.2

human language 人类语言1.3;12.4.1

human speech 人类言语6.4.1

human translation 人译10.2;10.2.6

Humboldt, Wilhelm 7.1.1

Hutchins 10.1.3

Hymes, D. H. 1.9.3;7.1.1;11.2.5;11.3.3 hypercorrection 矫枉过正11.5.4

hyponym 下义词5.3.2;5.4

hyponymy 下义关系5.3.3

hypothesis 假设11.2.3

hypothesis-deduction 假设-演绎12.4.2

I

iamb 抑扬格9.3.3

iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步诗行9.3.3

IC analysis 直接成分分析法4.2.2;12.4.2

ICALL (intelligent CALL) 智能计算机辅助语言学习10.1.2 ideational (function) 概念功能1.4;4.4.2;12.2.3 identifying 认同的12.2.3

idiom 成语;习语2.1.3;10.3.5

idiomatically-governed 习语支配的7.1.3

ill-formed sentences 不合适的句子12.4.4

illocutionary act 话中行为;施为性行为8.1.2 illocutionary force 言外作用;施为作用8.1.2 imaginative (function) 想象功能1.4;12.2.3

immediacy assumption 即时假定6.2.5

immediate constituent analysis 直接成分分析法4.2.2;4.3.1

imperative rule 祈使规则12.4.4

imperative 祈使语气;命令的4.4.2

implicate 意含8.2.2;8.2.3

implication 蕴涵;含义5.5.2;8.2.1;8.2.3;8.3.2 implication connective 蕴涵连接5.5.2

implicature 含义;言外之意7.1.3;8.2

implied meaning 蕴涵意义8.2.1

implosive 内破裂音;内爆音2.2

inanimate 无生命的4.2.1

inclusiveness relation 内包意义5.3

indefinite 不定的,无定的3.1.2

indicative 陈述式;陈述语气4.4.2

indirect object 间接宾语6.2.4;12.1

indirct speech, IS 间接言语9.4.2

indirect thought, IT 间接思想9.4.2

Indo-European languages 印欧语言1.9.3;3.1.2;12.3.1 inference 推论;推理5.5.2;6.3.1;8.3.1;9.4.4 inference drawing 推论6.3.1

inferential communication 推论交际8.3.1

infinitive不定式3.1.2;4.1.2

infix 中缀3.2.1

inflection 屈折(变化)3.1.2;3.2.3

inflectional affix 屈折词缀3.2.1

inflectional morphology 屈折形态学3.2.3

inflective endings 屈折结尾3.1.2

information retrieval 信息检索1.8.4;10.4 information structure 信息结构10.4.3

informative (function) 信息功能1.5.1;12.2.3 innateness 先天性12.4.7

innateness hypothesis (语法)天赋假设12.4.1

input 输入10.4.2;11.4.2;12.4.1

input hypothesis 语言输入说11.4.2

instrumental (function) 工具功能1.4;12.2.3 integrative test 综合性测试11.6.4

intensifier 强调成分7.2.2

intensive 强调的;增强的12.2.3

interactional (function) 交互功能1.4;12.2.3

interdental 齿间音2.4.4

interface 界面1.8.4

interference 干扰11.5.4

interjection 感叹词1.4;3.1.3;9.5.1

interlanguage 中介语11.4.3;11.5.2

interlingua 国际语10.2.2

interlingual approach 语际法10.2.2

interlocutor 会话者8.1.2

internal evaluation 内部评估11.3.2;11.6.2

internal structure 内部结构4.2.2

international phonetic alphabet, IPA 国际音标2.10;2.3.2;2.3.2 internet 互联网10.2.4

interpersonal 人际的1.4;4.4.2

interpersonal function 人际功能1.5;1.5.2;12.2.3 interpretation 解释12.4.7

interrogative sentence 疑问句4.4.2;4.3.1;7.2.2

intonation 语调2.11

intra-linguistic relation 语言内关系5.3

intransitive 不及物的4.3.2

intrinsic sources of error 错误的内源11.6.3

invariable word 不变词3.1.2

invention 新创词语3.3.1

inversion 倒置,倒装3.1.2

IPA chart 国际音标图2.4.4;2.5.2

IPS symbol 国际音标符号2.8.3

irony 讽刺;反话9.4.2

isolated opposition 孤立对立12.1.2

Italian 意大利语3.3.1

J

Jakobson, Roman 1.4;4.4.2

Japanese 日语3.3.1;3.3.1;10.2.3

jargon 黑话;行语1.1

Jesperson, Otto 2.3.2;7.2.2

Johnson & Johnson 10

Johnson 6.4

Jones, Daniel 2.3.2;2.5.2;2.8.2;7.1.3

K

Katz, John 4.3.2;5.5.2

Kaufer 6.4.2

Kay, Paul 7.1.2;10.2.3

Kennedy and Graeme 10.3

Kenyon, J.S. 2.5.3

kernel sentence 核心句12.4.3

keyword关键词10.4.3

Kintsch 6.3.2

Kjelmer 10.3.5

Knott,T.A. 2.5.3

knowledge 知识6.4.2;10.2.2

known information 已知信息12.1.3

Krashen 11.4.2

Kruszewski, Mikolaj 2.8.2

Kuno, Susumo 4.3.3

L

label 标示;标记4.2.2

labial 唇音2.10

labiodental 唇齿音2.4.4;2.4.5

Labov, William 7.2.2

Ladefoged 2.5.3

Lado 11.6.3

Lakoff 7.2.2;12.5.1

Lakoff & Johnson 7.1.3

Lancaster 10.4

language 语言1;6;7.1;7.2;10;12.3.1 language acquisition device, LAD 语言习得机制12.4.1 language attitude 语言态度7.2.3

language choice 语言选择7.2.3

language comprehension 语言理解6.2;3.1;6.4 language data 语言素材10

英语语言学名词

现代语言学 一绪论 1 Linguisitics: 语言学Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language 2 Phonetics: 语音学The study of sounds which are used in linguistics communication is called phonetics. For example, vowels and consonants 元音、辅音、声调、重音以及节奏、音变 3 Phonology: 音韵学The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called phonology. For example, phone, phoneme, and allophone. 4 Morphology: 形态学The study of the way in which morphemes are arranged to form words is called morphology. For example, boy and “ish”---boyish, teach---teacher. 5 Syntax: 句法学The study of how morphemes and words are combined to form sentences is called syntax. For example, ”John like linguistics.” 6 Semantics: 语义学The study of meaning in language is called semantics. For example: “The seal could not be found. The zoo keeper became worried. The seal could not be found, The king became worried.” Here the word seal means different things. 同义词、反义词,同音词 7 Pragmatics: 语用学The study of meaning in context of use is called pragmatics. For example, “I do” The word do means different context.在特定情景中的特定话语,研究如何通过语境来理解和使用语言。 8 Sociolinguistics: 社会语言The study of language with reference to society is called sociolinguistics. For example:regional dialects, social variation in language.

英语语言学名词解释(2)

现代语言学 一绪论 1. Linguistics: Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language 2 Phonetics: The study of sounds which are used in linguistics communication is called phonetics. For example, vowels and consonants. 3 Phonology: The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called phonology.For example,phone,phoneme,and allophone. 4 Morphology :The study of the way in which morphemes are arranged to form words is called morphology.For example,boy and “ish”---boyish,teach---teacher. 5 Syntax : The study of how morphemes and words are combined to form sentences is called syntax.For esample,”John like linguistics.” 6 Semantics: The study of meaning in language is called semantics. For example,:The seal could not be found.The zoo keeper became worried.” The seal could not be found,The king became worried.” Here the word seal means different things. 7 Pragmatics: The study of meaning in context of use is called pragmatics.For example, “I do” The word do means different context. 8 Sociolinguistics: The study of language with reference to society is called sociolinguistics.For example,regional dialects,social variation in language. 9Psycholinguistics: The study of language with reference to workings of mind is called psycholinguistics. 二音系学 1 Phonetics: The study of sounds that are used in linguistic communication is called phonetics. 2 Phonology: The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called phonology. 3 Phone: Phone can be simply defined as the speech sounds we use when speaking a language. A phone is a phonetic unit or segement. It does not necessarily distinguish meaning; some do,some don’t. 4 Phoneme: Phonology is concerned with the speech sounds which distinguish meaning. The basic unit in phonology is called phoneme;it is a unit that is of distinctive value. 5 allophone: The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environment are called the allophones of that phoneme. 6 Complementary distribution: These two allophones of the same phoneme are said to be in complementary distribution. 7 Minimal pair: When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segement which occurs in the same place in the stings, the two words are said to form a minimal pair. 8 Stress: When a certain syllable of a word is stressed, it means that the syllable is prounced with great force than the other or others. 9 tones: Tones are pitch variation, which are caused by the different rates of vibration of the vocal cords. Pitch variations can distinguish meaning just like phoneme; therefore, the tone is a suprasegemental feature. 10 intonation: When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as intonation. Intonation plays an important role in conveying meaning in almost every language,especially in a language like English{$isbest} 三形态学 1 morphology: Morphology is a branch of grammer which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 2 inflectional morphology: Inflectional morphology studies the inflections of word-formation.

英汉语言学词汇对照表

英汉语言学词汇对照表 abbreviation ablative abrupt accent accusative acoustic phonetics acquisition action verb active active chart parser active knowledge active verb actor-action-goal actualization acute address adequacy adjacency pair adjective adjunct adjunction adverb adverbial idiom affective affirmative affix affixation affricate agent agentive-action verb agglutinative agreement AI (artificial intelligence) AI language Algebraic Linguistics algorithm alienable alignment allo- allomorph allophone alpha notation alphabetic writing alternation 缩写[省略语 ] 夺格 (的) 突发音 口音 /{Phonetics} 重音 受格(的) 声学语音学 习得 动作动词 主动语态 活动图句法剖析程序 主动知识 主动动词 施事 (者)-动作 -目标 实现 (化) 锐音 地址 { 信息科学 }/ 称呼(语) { 语言学 } 妥善性 邻对 形容词 附加语[ 附加修饰语 ] 加接 副词 副词词组 影响的 肯定(的;式) 词缀 加缀 塞擦音 施事 施事动作动词 胶着(性) 对谐 人工智能[人工智能 ] 人工智能语言[人工智能语言 ] 代数语言学 算法[算法 ] 可分割的 对照 [多国语言文章词;词组;句子翻译的 ] 同位 - 同位语素 同位音位 alpha 标记 拼音文字 交替

系统功能语言学英汉对照术语表

系统功能语言学英汉术语对照表 作者:翁素贤提供 转贴自:摘自《系统功能语言学多维思考》 您要打印的文件是:系统功能语言学英汉术语对照表 打印本文 系统功能语言学英汉术语对照表 ―――摘自《系统功能语言学多维思考》 A Abitliy 能力 Actor 施动者 Addressee 受话者 Addresser 发话者 Agent 施事 Anaphoric 指前的 Antonym 反义词 Antonymy 反义意义 Autonomy 自治性 B Behavior 行为 Behavioral process 行为过程 Beneficiary 受益者 C Cataphoric 指后的 Categorical 绝对的 Categorization 范畴化 Central token 中心标志 Chain 链 Channel 渠道 Choice 选择 Clause 小句 Clause as theme 句项主位 Cleft sentence 分裂句 Closed system 封闭系统 Coclassisfication 相互区分

Coextension相互扩展Coherence连贯 Cohesion链接 Cohesive chain链接链Cohesive tie链接纽带Cohyponym共同下义词Collocation搭配Collocational chain搭配链Comeronym共同局部关系词Command命令 Comment述题 Competence(语言)能力Complementarity互补性Congruence一致性Conjunction连接,连词Consonant辅音 Consonant grammar协和语法Constructivism构建主义Context语境,上下文Context of culture文化语境Context of situation情境语境Continuity连续体Continuum连续体Conventional meaning常规意义Coocurrence同现Cooperative principle合作原则Coordination并列Coreference相互对应Correspondence对应 Critical linguistics批评语言学Cross-coupling交互匹配 D Decategorization非范畴化Declarative陈述的 Delicacy精密度 Dialect方言 Dialectal variety方言变体Diatypic variety功能变体Didactic教导性的 Direct speech act直接言语行为Discontinuity脱节,间断性Discourse话语 Discourse analysis话语分析

英语语言学名词解释

Chapter 12 : Lan guage And Brain 1. n euroli nguistics: It is the study of relati on ship betwee n brain and Ian guage. It in eludes research into how the structure of the brain in flue nces Ian guage lear ning, how and in which parts of the brain Ian guage is stored, and how damage to the brain affects the ability to use Ian guage. 2. psycholinguistics: ____ t he study of Ian guage process in g. It is concerned with the processes of Ian guage acqisiti on, comprehe nsion and product ion. 3. brain lateralizati on: The localizatio n of cog nitive and perceptive fun cti ons in a particular hemisphere of the brain. 4. dichotic listening: A technique in which stimuli either linguistic or non-linguistic are presented through headphones to the left and right ear to determine the lateralization of cog nitive fun cti on. 5. right ear advantage: ___ The phe nomenon that the right ear shows an adva ntage for the perception of linguistic signals id known as the right ear advantage. 6. split brain studies: The experiments that investigate the effects of surgically severing the corpus callosum on cog niti on are called as split brain studies. 7. aphasia: It refers to a number of acquired Ianguage disorders due to the cerebral lesions caused by a tumor, an accide nt and so on. 8. non- flue nt aphasia: Damageto parts of the brain in front of the cen tral sulcus is called non-flue nt aphasia. 9. flue nt aphasia: Damage to parts of the left cortex beh ind the cen tral sulcus results in a type of aphasia called flue nt aphasia. 10. Acquired dyslexia: Damage in and around the an gular gyrus of the parietal lobe ofte n causes the impairment of reading and writing ability, which is referred to as acquired dyslexia. 11. phono logical dyslexia: ___ it is a type of acquired dyslexia in which the patie nt seems to have lost the ability to use spelli ng-to-so und rules. 12. surface dyslexia: it is a type of acquired dyslexia in which the patie nt seems un able to recog nize words as whole but must process all words through a set of spell in g-to-so und rules. 13. spo on erism: a slip of ton gue in which the positi on of soun ds, syllables, or words is reversed, for example, Let' s have chish and fips instend of Let' s have fish and chips. 14. prim ing: the process that before the participa nts make a decisi on whether the stri ng of letters is a word or not, they are prese nted with an activated word. 15. freque ncy effect: Subjects take less time to make judgeme nt on freque ntly used words tha n to judge less com monly used words . This phe nomenon is called freque ncy effect.

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