高考英语动词用法总结(完整)

高考英语动词用法总结(完整)

一、单项选择动词

1．The shopkeeper wanted to sell me the dress for 30 dollars, and I wanted to pay 20 dollars for it, so we ________ on 25 dollars.

A．communicated B．compromised C．bargained D．concentrated

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：店主想以30美元的价格把那件衣服卖给我，而我想付20美元，所以我们折中了25美元。A. communicated交流；B. compromised妥协，折中；C. bargained讨价还价；D. concentrated集中。结合句意故选B。

2．If the service is awful, a customer has the right to to the manager.

A．react B．apply

C．complain D．suggest

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果服务很糟糕，顾客有权向经理申诉。React反应 apply应用 complain 申诉suggest建议，选C。

考点：考查词义辨析

3．You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, _______ the situation they are in.

A．bringing about B．depending on

C．getting into D．leading to

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词短语。句意：你可能会发现人们会用不同的方式表达相同的观点，这主要取决于他们所处的情景。A. bringing about带来；B. depending on取决；C. getting into 进入；D. leading to导致；根据情景和词义，故选B项。

考点：考查动词短语

4．To get promoted, I must _____ my colleagues, who are committed to their jobs.

A．take after B．take to C．take in D．take on

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语take after长得像，性格类似于，效仿；take to喜欢上，沉溺于；take in吸收，理解，欺骗，收养；take on雇佣，呈现；句意：为了被提拔，我要消防我的同事们，他们工作非常努力。根据句意可知take after意为“效仿”，符合上下

考点：考查动词短语辨析

5．These rules ________ new members only.

A．are applied to B．apply for

C．apply to D．are applied for

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词短语。短语apply to sb for sth向某人申请某物；apply to适用...；句意：这些规则只适用于新成员。根据句意可知C项正确。

考点：考查动词短语辨析

6．As a result, these countries are always struggling to their repayments; government finances that could be spent on health, education and long-term development are instead used for debt repayment.

A．dive right in B．catch up on C．push ahead with D．split off from

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。A. dive right in立即行动；B. catch up on弥补、赶上；C. push ahead with推动；D. split off from脱离。句意：因此，这些国家总是努力偿还债务；原本可以用于医疗、教育和长期反战的政府财政被用于偿还债务。根据句意可知此处表示“弥补、偿还”，故B项正确。

7．The relevant authorities have recently ________ some companies and individuals for their illegal emission that is harmful to the environment.

A．cut back on B．cracked down on C．followed up on D．held out on

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：有关当局最近对一些公司和个人非法排放有害环境的行为进行了严厉打击。A. cut back on 削减；B. cracked down on 严惩;；C. followed up on 进一步了解；D. held out on 保守秘密。crack down on“严惩”符合句意。故B选项正确。

8．They____with joy when they heard that their class won the first place in the relay race. A．picked up B．split up

C．took up D．sprang up

【答案】D

【解析】

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当听到班级在接力赛中获得第一名时，他们高兴地跳了起来。A. picked up捡起；B. split up分裂；C. took up从事；D. sprang up跳起。故选D。

9．Whenever I ______an interesting article online, I will share it with friends on WeChat. A．figure out B．put forward

C．get across D．come across

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我在网上遇到有趣的文章时，我会与微信上的朋友分享。

A. figure out找出；

B. put forward提出；

C. get across跨越；

D. come across偶然遇到。分享文章通常是先遇到好文章再分享，没必要特意找好文来分享，所以A错，B、C选项明显和句意不搭，故选D。

10．—I’d like to go to see the film with you, Dad.

—Sorry, my son, but only the grown-ups are ____ into the cinema.

A．required B．intended C．admitted D．supposed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：—爸爸，我想和你一起去看这部电影。—对不起，儿子，只有成人才被允许进电影院。A. required要求；B. intended打算，计划；C. admitted允许进入；D. supposed认为。根据句意可知，C项符合题意，be admitted into...“被允许进入……”故选C。

11．The early pioneers had to many hardships to settle on the new land.

A．go along with B．go back on C．go through D．go into

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析：句意：先民不得不新土地上经历很多艰难困苦才能定居下来。A. go along with和…相处，B. go back on 背弃，C. go through经历，检查，D. go into染上。由“many hardships to settle on the new land”可知，go through“经历”符合句意。故选C。

12．Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ________ it with hard work.

A．goes back on B．takes away from C．makes up for D．catches up with 【答案】C

【解析】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：Caroline没有音乐天赋，但她用努力学习弥补了她的不足。goes back on违背；takes away from从……拿走；makes up for弥补；catches up with赶上。根据常识，用努力是来弥足不足的。故选C。

13．If you have any doubts about your he alth, you’d better______ your doctor at once. A．convince B．consult

C．avoid D．affect

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。

A. convince 说服；

B. consult咨询；

C. avoid 避免；

D. affect影响。健康有问题应该咨询医生。故选B。

14．A completely new situation will ______ when the examination system comes into existence. A．rise B．arise C．arouse D．raise

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当考试系统形成时候，一个完全的新局面将会出现。A.rise 上升，增强（vi）、使...飞起（vt）；B. arise 出现，上升，起立（vi）；C. arouse 引起，激起（vt）、觉醒，醒来（vi）D . raise表示提高（vt）；。根据句意“当考试系统形成时候，一个完全的新局面将会出现” 所以arise“出现”符合句意。故选B

15．--- Do you know anything about War of Seven Kingdoms, the Chinese Game of Thrones?

---Sure. Although each event _____ a well-known actor playing the key roles, it has all its plots well _____on established historical records and archaeological findings.

A．features; grounded B．characteristics; witnessed

C．stars; depended D．displays; commented

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：---你知道中国的《权力的游戏》——《七国战争》吗? ---当然。虽然每一个事件都有一个著名的演员扮演关键角色，但它的所有情节都建立在既定的历史记录和考古发现的基础上。A. features 由……主演; grounded 使基于；B. characteristics 以.....为特征; witnessed目睹；C. stars 由……做主演; depended依靠；D. displays; commented 作

出评论。由“a well-known actor ”可知，每一个事件都有一个著名的演员主演，所以第一个空应选择features。be grounded on“ 以 ... 为基础”为固定短，在本句中为过去分词作后置定语。且符合句意。所以第二个空选grounded。故选A项。

16．China’s year-on-year growth in consumer price index ________ an almost eight-year high at 4.5 percent in November ________ higher prices of pork and other meat said the National Bureau of Statistics on Tuesday.

A．hit; but for B．beat; due to C．beat; but for D．hit; due to

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析和介词短语辨析。句意：国家统计局周二表示，由于猪肉和其他肉类价格上涨，11月份中国消费者价格指数(CPI)同比上涨4.5%，创下近8年新高。A. hit 达到；but for要不是；B. beat 毒打，打败； due to由于；C. beat 毒打，打败; but for要不是；D. hit 达到；due to由于。由“an almost eight-year high at 4.5 percent ”可知，hit“达到”符合句意。而第二个空在说明11月份中国消费者价格指数(CPI)同比上涨4.5%，创下近8年新高的原因，所以第二个空选due to。故选D项。

17．The event is a clear indication that food safety is a big problem; nobody can ________ all foods are secure to us, but we are sure that the situation is turning for the better. A．acknowledge B．guarantee C．identify D．clarify

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词。句意：这一事件清楚地表明，食品安全是个大问题;没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的，但我们确信情况正在好转。A. acknowledge承认，致谢；B. guarantee保证；C. identify识别；D. clarify澄清。分析句子可知，此处应表示没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的。结合选项，故选B。

18．His food ______, the man had to come out of his hiding place.

A．run out B．was run out

C．running out D．using up

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语和现在分词的独立主格结构。句意：食物快吃完了，那人不得不从藏身之处出来。动词短语：run out“用完，耗尽”，相当于不及物动词；use up“用完，耗尽”，相当于及物动词。分析句子结构，这里既不是并列句也不是从句，此处His food和run out之间是主动关系，是现在分词的独立主格结构，如果用use up，则必须用过去分词used up的形

式。故选C。

19．—Why did you ______ the third paragraph of your rewritten composition?

—Because I thought it was off the point.

A．put out B．make out C．figure out D．leave out

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你为什么把重写的作文的第三段漏掉了？——因为我觉得这有点跑题了。A. put out扑灭；B. make out辨认出；C. figure out算出；D. leave out遗漏。根据Because I thought it was off the point.可知，此处指把作文的第三段漏掉了。故选D。

20．It's surprising that your brother _______ Russian so quickly－he hasn't lived there very long. A．picked up B．looked up

C．put up D．made up

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词组辨析。句意：你哥哥学俄语学得这么快，真令人吃惊——他在那儿住的时间不长。A项，pick up “捡起；（尤指偶然地、无意地、不费劲地）得到；学会；爬起；接载”；

B项，look up “向上看；改善；拜访（某人）；查找”；C项，put up “举起；张贴；建造；提高；提供食宿”；D项，make up “组成；补足；弥补；编造；化妆”。根据句意，只有A 项符合句意，“picked up Russian” 意为“学会了俄语”。故正确答案为A。