语法知识—虚拟语气的易错题汇编及答案
一、选择题
1．If I _____you. I would wear jeans to the party.
A．am B.was C.were D.are
2．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.
---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.
A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is
3．If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college. A．am; will take B．was; took C．were; will take D．were; would take
4．I’m so busy. If I ______ time, I ______ have a good rest.
A．have, would B．have, could C．had, would D．had, will
5．I wish I ____fly to the moon one day
A．can B．could C．am D．was
6．If it had been possible, I would have helped him, but I ______ too busy.
A．had been B．would be C．were D．was
7．If I______you, I_______go there at once.
A．am, would B．were, would C．were, will D．am, will
8．If I __________you. I would buy a big house for my parents.
A．be B．am C．was D．were
9．—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.
—If I you, I would give up wine.
A．was; to drink B．am; drinking C．were; drink D．were; drinking
10．I’m not free today, If I ____ time, I ____ and help him with you.
A．have, will go B．had, would go C．have, would go D．had, will go
11．If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her.
A．am B．are C．was D．were
12．—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.
—If I you, I would give up wine.
A．were; drinking B．am; drinking
C．were; drink D．was;to drink
13．—Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.
—So it is. If I ________ them, I ________ a shower at home.
A．am; would take B．were; will take
C．was; would take D．were; would take
14．There are many museums there and they can’t decide to choose. In the end, the clerk suggested they to the computer museum.
A．what; to go B．which; go C．which; going
15．If my mother ___ I get a grade of 50 in English exam, she would be angry.
A．knows B．knew
C．has known D．would know
16．If I _______ you, I would stop looking for it.
A． am B． being C． were
17．I you about it because I don’t believe you.
A．wouldn’t rather tell B． would rather not to tell
C． would rather not tell D．wouldn’t rather telling
18．If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie.
A．am, would B．were, will
C．were, would D．was, will
19．The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss had
to do that.
A．be given B．being given C．will be to give D．were given
20．If I not so busy ,I with you .
A．was , would go B．were , would go
C．was , should go D．were , will go
21．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do,
A．not have B．have not C．not D．not having 22．Luckily, he wasn’t driving fast at the time of accident; otherwise, I am sure, it _______ a more serious accident.
A．would be B．were C．would have been D．had been 23．You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident.
A．must have driven; should have caused B．could have driven; might have caused C．couldn’t have driven; should have caused D．shouldn’t have driven; could have caused 24．—I should have been more careful in the exam.
—It is a great pity that you __________.
A．didn’t B．haven’t C．were not D．are not
25．If I you, I would rather at home and watch TV than to the party.
A．was；stay, go B．am；stay, go
C．were；to stay, go D．were；stay, go
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析：句意:如果我是你，我就穿牛仔裤去宴会。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，系动词一律用were。故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
2．C
解析：C
【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。故选C
3．D
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：if虚拟语气中，对现在的情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词均用一般过去时（be动词用were）,主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意：如果我再年轻十岁，我会参加钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D.
考点：if条件状语从句的虚拟语气
点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，中考中有所涉及，但不常见。用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
4．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析: 句意:我太忙了，如果我有时间，我就会好好休息一下。从句if +过去式，主句would +动词原形，表明与将来相反的虚拟语气，故答案选C.
考点：考查虚拟语气。
5．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我希望有一天我能飞到月球。通过对这句话的理解我们可以知道这是一个几乎不可能实现的愿望，故在wish 后面的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气，所以用过去时态。故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
6．D
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果可能的话，我肯定会帮助你的，但是我太忙了。对过去的虚拟If+主语+had +动词过去分词,主语+would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词。所以描述
的是过去的事情，故我过去很忙应该用过去时。
考点：考查虚拟语气及时态的用法。
7．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会马上去那里。句子用到了虚拟语气，系动词be要用were；will要用过去式would，结合题意故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
8．D
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果我是你。我会买一个大房子给我的父母。这道题考查的是假设，所以要用虚拟语气，用过去时。故选D.
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
9．D
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--我喜欢喝酒。但是喝酒的人不允许开车。--如果我是你，我将会放弃喝酒。分析：表示与现在事实相反的情况。其虚拟语气的结构为：从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be用were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ……例如：If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话，我再读一遍。（事实上我不是你），故选D
考点：考查虚拟语气及动词短语的用法。
10．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我今天没空，如果我有时间，我就和你一起去帮助他。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句为If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were) ，主句为主语+should, would, could, might + 动词原形。所以选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
11．D
解析：D
【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会送她一些花。这是由if引导的一个虚拟语气句子，表示与现在事实相反的情况，其句型为“ if+ 主语 + 动词的过去式（ be 动词用
were ），主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。故选D。
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
12．A
【解析】
考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知，该句使用了虚拟语气，if引导的从句使用一般过去时，用were；give up后面接动词的现在分词。故选A。
13．D
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：—在河里游泳对青少年是非常危险的。—的确如此。如果我是他们，我会在家洗澡。if从句表假设，与现在事实相反，be动词则用were ，无论第几人称做主语。主句常用would 跟动词原形。故选D。考点：考查固定句式的用法。
14．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：那里有很多博物馆，他们不能决定选择哪个。最后，店员建议他们去电脑博物馆。考查“疑问词+不定式”和虚拟语气。what什么；which哪个。分析第一处可知，此处构成“疑问词+不定式”结构，此前有“There are many museums there”范围，所以表示“不能决定选择哪个”的含义，使用which。to go动词不定式；go动词原形；going动名词。分析第二处可知，此处构成“suggest (that) sb (should) do sth”句型，所以此处使用动词原形。故选B。【点睛】
suggest的用法：
suggest doing sth
例句：He suggested going out for a walk.
suggest (that) sb (should) do sth
例句：He suggested (that) you (should) go there tomorrow.
15．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果我的母亲知道我英语考试成绩是50分，她会生气的。表示与现在事实相反的事实，该用一般过去时态，所以选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
16．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会停止去寻找它。if +过去时, 主+would +V原，如果是系动词，不管主语是谁，都用were。结合句意，故选C
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
17．C
【解析】
试题分析：根据would rather +not+动词的原型，表示宁愿不做某事句意：因为我不相信你，所以我宁愿不告诉你这件事。Have a . pity 表示同情某人结合句意，故选C
考点：考查固定用法。
18．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：句意：如果我是你，我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影；invite sb to do邀请某人做某事；在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，Be用were,主句用would。所以选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
19．A
解析：A
【解析】句意：工人们坚持要求他们每天中午都有免费的午餐，老板必须这样做。考查虚拟语气。insist坚持，要求，其后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，跟虚拟式动词原形或者“should + 动词原形” 。结合句意和语境可知选A。
20．B
解析：B
【解析】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时，主语+should/woul d/could/might do”结构。故选B。
点睛：
21．A
解析：A
【解析】
句意“你本不应该看足球比赛，你有许多的工作要做”。本题考查虚拟语气，shouldn't have done本不该做……却做了。根据句意，故选A。
22．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：幸运的是，事故发生时他没有开快车；否则，我相信，这将是一个更严重的事故。考查虚拟语气。根据“wasn’t driving”是过去进行时，所以此处是对过去的虚拟，主句时态应用情态动词+have done，故选C。
23．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：你不应该开车闯红灯，因为你会引起事故的。
考查情态动词。分析句子及选项“You ___ through that red light, for you ____ an accident.”，你开车闯红灯，因为你事故的，可知是对过去的虚拟，应用情态动词+have done。此处是不应该开车闯红灯，会引起事故，故选D。
24．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——我应该在考试中更加小心。——很遗憾，你没有。
考查对过去情况的推测。根据上句“should +现在完成时”是对过去情况的推测，I should have been more careful in the exam.的意思是你（过去）应该更细心些（实际不够细心），这说明我已经做了什么不恰当的事情，而这件事情现在产生了不良的影响，此空应填过去时态，故排除B和D；根据careful是形容词，表示状态，此空应填were not，故排除A，故选C。
25．D
解析：D
【解析】
试题分析：句意为：如果我是你，我宁愿在家看电视也不去参加聚会。根据语境，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句用would/should+动词原形，从句用一般过去时（be 动词用were)。另外，would rather do sth than do sth是固定句型，表示“宁可……也不……”。故选D。
考点：考查虚拟条件状语从句。
虚拟语气知识点总结和练习
虚拟语气语法总结 虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。 虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块 1.虚拟条件句 第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法： 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)
上海牛津英语6B易错题
练习题二 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. What is the ＿＿＿＿(arrive) time of MU586? 2. My mother ＿＿＿＿(cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 3.The children ＿＿＿＿(water) the flowers and ＿＿＿＿(collect) eggs on the farm three days. 4. I ＿＿＿＿(find) my ruler in my desk five minutes ago. 5. Shanghai is one of the most modern ＿＿＿＿(city) in the world. 6. I have ＿＿＿＿(many) books than you. 7. In Shanghai there are a lot of tall ＿＿＿＿(build). 二、选择最恰当的答案 1. He comes from ＿＿＿＿Asian country and ＿＿＿＿Asian country is far away from ours. A. a; a B. a; the C. an; the D. the; an 2. There are over ＿＿＿＿people at the square, waiting for the New Year to come. A. three thousand B. three thousands C. thousands of D. three thousand of 3. It ＿＿＿＿the workers about half a year ＿＿＿＿the bridge. A. spent; to build B. spent; in building C. took; to build D. took; in building 4. -＿＿＿＿country is to the east of China? -Japan is. A. What B. How many C. Which D. Where 5. -Does Tim stay at home or go out to play at weekends? -＿＿＿＿. A. Yes, he does. B. He stays at home. C. Yes, he stays at home. D. No, he doesn’t stay at home. 6. Do you like travelling to ＿＿＿＿by air? A. other place B. other places C. others place D. others places 7. -How long will you stay in Beijing this summer holiday? -＿＿＿＿three weeks. A. In B. For C. At D. On 8. My father is leaving for Guilin ＿＿＿＿March 8. A. in B. at C. of D. on 三、根据所给要求，改写下列句子。 1. Tom read an interesting book at home.（改为否定句） Tom ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿an interesting book at home. 2. It is two hours’ bus ride from our school to the Bund.（对划线部分提问） ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿is it from your school to the Bund? 3. Mr. Peter has already bought several bags for his wife.（对划线部分提问） ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Mr. Peter bought for his wife? 4. The people in America like drinking coffee. （对划线部分提问） ＿＿＿＿do the people in America like ＿＿＿＿? 5. It took us about three days to travel from Shanghai to Bangkok by ship.（改为同意句） We ＿＿＿＿about three days ＿＿＿＿from Shanghai to Bangkok by ship. 四、完成对话 A. We’re also going to have a barbecue. B. Peter, it’ll be Tim’s birthday next Saturday.
英语虚拟语气练习题及答案
虚拟语气练习题 用所给动词的适当形式填空： Part A. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents. 2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. 3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 4.If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter, I _____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. 10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). 11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday. 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 14.He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. 15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box. 16.----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.” 17.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time. 18.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting. 19.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand. 20.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening. Part B. 1.She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help. 2.If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now. 3.If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight. 4._______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wet now. 5.If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now. 6.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work. 7.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her. 8.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down. 9.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night. 10.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does. 11.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid. 12.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad. 13.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics. 14.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive). 15.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them. 16.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late. 17.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
语法填空易错题汇编
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上海牛津版英语5A易错题
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