(全国100所名校最新高考模拟示范卷)2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科数学模拟测试试题(含答案)

(全国100所名校最新高考模拟示范卷)2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科数学模拟测试试题(含答案)
(全国100所名校最新高考模拟示范卷)2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科数学模拟测试试题(含答案)

2020年普通高等学校招生考试

数学模拟测试

一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.

1.若集合A={0,1,2,3},B={2,3,4,5},则A ∪B= A.{1,2,3,4,5}

B.{0,1,4,5}

C.{2,3}

D.{0,1,2,3,4,5}

2.i 是虚数单位,z=2—i,则|z|=

B.2

3.已知向量a =(1,2),b =(-1,λ),若a ∥b ,则实数λ等于 A.-1

B.1

C.-2

D.2

4.设命题p:?x ∈R ,x 2

>0,则p ?为

A.?x ∈R ,x 2≤0

B.?x ∈R ,x 2>0

C.?x ∈R ,x 2>0

D.?x ∈R ,x 2≤0

5.5

1(1)x

-展开式中含x -2的系数是 A.15

B.-15

C.10

D.-10

6.若双曲线22221(0,x y a b a b -=>>)的左、右焦点分别为F 1、F 2,离心率为53

,点P(b,0),为则12||

||PF PF =

A.6

B.8

C.9

D.10

7.图为祖冲之之子祖暅“开立圆术”中设计的立体模型.祖暅提出“祖氏原理”,他将牟合方盖的体积化成立方体与一个相当于四棱锥的体积之差,从而求出牟合方盖的体积等于

3

2(3

d d 为球的直径),并得到球的体积为1

6

V d π=,这种算法比外国人早了一千多年,人们还用过一些类似的公式,根据π=3.1415926…,判断下列公式

中最精确的一个是

A.d ≈

3

B .d ≈√2V 3

C.d≈√300

157V

3

D .d≈√15

8V 3

8.已知23cos cos ,2sin sin 2αβαβ-=+=

则cos(a+β)等于 A.

1

2

B.12

-

C.

14

D.14

-

二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得3分,有选错的得0分.

9.第18届国际篮联篮球世界杯(世界男子篮球锦标赛更名为篮球世界杯后的第二届世界杯)于2019年8月31日至9月15日在中国的北京广州、南京、上海、武汉、深圳、佛山、东莞八座城市举行.中国队12名球员在第一场和第二场得分的茎叶图如图所示,则下列说法正确的是

A.第一场得分的中位数为

52 B.第二场得分的平均数为19

3

C.第一场得分的极差大于第二场得分的极差

D.第一场与第二场得分的众数相等

10.已知正方体的外接球与内切球上各有一个动点M 、N,若线段MN 1,则 A.正方体的外接球的表面积为12π B.正方体的内切球的体积为

43

π

C.正方体的边长为2

D.线段MN 的最大值为11.已知圆M 与直线x 十y +2=0相切于点A(0,-2),圆M 被x 轴所截得的弦长为2,则下列 结论正确的是

A.圆M 的圆心在定直线x-y-2=0上

B.圆M 的面积的最大值为50π

C.圆M 的半径的最小值为1

D.满足条件的所有圆M 的半径之积为10

12.若存在m,使得f(x)≥m 对任意x ∈D 恒成立,则函数f(x)在D 上有下界,其中m 为函数f(x)的一个下界;若存在M,使得f(x)≤M 对任意x ∈D 恒成立,则函数f(x)在D 上有上界,其中M 为函数f(x)的一个上界.如果一个函数既有上界又有下界,那么称该函数有界.

下列说法正确的是

A.1不是函数1

()(0)f x x x x

=+

>的一个下界 B.函数f(x)=x l nx 有下界,无上界

C.函数2()x

e f x x

=有上界有,上无界下,界无下界

D.函数2sin ()1

x

f x x =

+有界 三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.把答案填在答题卡中的横线上. 13.设f(x)是定义在R 上的函数,若g(x)=f(x)+x 是偶函数,且g(-2)=-4,则f(2)=___. 14.已知函数f(x)=sin(ωx+φ)(ω>0),点2(,0)3π和7(,0)6

π

是函数f(x)图象上相邻的两个对称中心,则ω=___.

15.已知F 1,F 2分别为椭圆的22

1168

x y +=左、右焦点,M 是椭圆上的一点,且在y 轴的左侧,过点F 2作∠

F 1MF

2

的角平分线的垂线,垂足为N,若|ON|=2(О为坐标原点),则|MF 2|-|MF 1|=___,|OM|=__.(本题第一空2

分,第二空3分)

16.在正三棱柱ABC-A 1B 1C 1中,AB =1=2,E,F 分别为AB 1,A 1C 1的中点,平面α过点C 1,且平面α∥平面A 1B 1C ,平面α∩平面A 1B 1C 1=l ,则异面直线EF 与l 所成角的余弦值为__·

四、解答题:本题共6小题,共70分。解答应写出文字说明、证眀过程或演算步骤。 17.(本小题满分10分)

从中国教育在线官方公布的考研动机调查来看,本科生扎堆考研的原因大概集中在这6个方面:本科就业压力大,提升竞争力;通过考研选择真正感兴趣的专业;为了获得学历;继续深造;随大流;有名校情结。如图是2015~2019年全国硕士研究生报考人数趋势图(单位:万人)的折线图.

(1)求y 关于t 的线性回归方程;

(2)根据(1)中的回归方程,预测2021年全国硕士研究生报考人数. 参考数据:

5

1

()()311;i

i i t

t y y =--=∑

回归方程???y

a bt =+中斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式分别为1

2

1

()()

()n

i

i i n

i

i t

t y y b t

t ==--=-∑∑,??.a

y bt =-

18.(本小题满分12分)

在①b +c=2,②△ABC

的面积ABC S ?=

,③3sin sin 4

B C =这三个条件中任选一个,补充在下面问题中,问题中的△ABC 是否为等边三角形,请说明理由.

在△ABC 中,a,b,c 分别为内角A 、B 、C 的对边,

且(cos cos )tan a C c A A +=,a=1,____,试判断△ABC 是否为等边三角形?(注:如果选择多个条件分别解答,按第一个解答计分)

19.(本小题满分12分)

已知数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,a 1=4,3S n =(1-4-n )a n+1, b n =(-1)n+1·(log 2a n )2

. (1)求数列{a n }的通项公式; (2)求数列{b n }的前2n 项和T 2n .

20.(本小题满分12分)

如图,在四棱锥P-ABCD 中,PA ⊥底面ABCD,底面ABCD 为直角梯形,AB ⊥AD,BC ∥AD,AD=2BC=2PA=2,AB=1,E,F,G 分别为线段AD,DC,PB 的中点.

(1)证明:平面PEF ∥平面GAC; (2)求多面体AGCPEF 的体积;

(3)求直线GC 与平面PCD 所成角的正弦值.

21.(本小题满分12分)

已知点P(8,t)(t≤0)是抛物线C:y 2=2px(p >0)上一点,点F 为抛物线C 的焦点,|PF|=10. (1)求直线PF 的方程;

(2)若直线PF 与抛物线C 的另一个交点为Q,曲线C 在点P 与点Q 处的切线分别为m,n,直线m,n 相交于点G,求点G 的坐标.

22.(本小题满分12分)

已知函数f(x)=ax-sinx,曲线y=f(x)在点(,())22

f π

π

处的切线过点(2021,2020). (1)求实数a 的值;

(2)求函数g(x)=xf(x)的单调区间; (3)若112a =1()22

n n n a a f a ππ+=-,证明:11.14n n a a π

+-<-

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