《新概念英语》第二册第6课

Lesson 6

1:I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.

1) :move:

1>. move 搬,移动

A: We need more space for the fridge. 我们需要更多的空间来放冰箱.

B: Right. Let's move this chair to the living room. 没错,那我们把这张椅子搬到客厅吧.

2>. move 搬迁

英to (cause to) change the place where one lives or does business

A: I'm moving to Taichung because teahouses are more popular there.

我要搬到台中去,因为红茶店在那里比较受欢迎.

B: Good luck then. I hope you make a fortune.那麼祝你好运罗,我希望你能赚大钱.

3>. move 感动英to affect with tender emotion or feeling A: Did he send you any flowers or chocolates?他有送你花或是巧克力吗?

B: No. But he wrote a lot of moving letters.没有,不过他写了很多动人的情书

2) :beg

1>. 口语中说的I beg your pardon可以有多种用法：

(1) 用于道歉，比用I’m sorry更正式。如：

I beg your pardon. I suppose I should have knocked. 对不起，我想我本来应该敲门的。

(2) 用于没听清或没听懂对方的话，请对方再说一遍（可只说Pardon，说时用升调）。如：

I beg your pardon—I didn’t hear what you said.

请再说一遍——我没听见你刚才说的话。

(3) 用于表示生气或气愤。如：

Pardon me, but this is my coat. 对不起，这是我的外套。

I beg your pardon but the woman you’re insulting happens to be my wife.

请你尊重些，你侮辱的这个女人正是我的妻子。

(4) 用于引起别人的注意。如：

I beg your pardon; can you tell me the way to the station?对不起，你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗?

(5) 用于对别人的冒犯或无礼表示威胁。如：

A：You cunt! 你这笨蛋! B：I beg your pardon. 你再说一遍。

2>. 用于go begging，在现代英语中主要表示“（东西等）没有人要”“（职位等）有空缺”。如：

If that sandwich is going begging, I’ll have it. 这份三明治没人要，我就要了。

Those jobs went begging. 那些职位没有人肯干。

3>. 有时可后接that从句，从句谓语通常用虚拟语气。如：

He begged that he (should) be allowed to leave. 他恳求让他离开。

4>. 由它派生的名词beggar意为“乞丐”，注意不要误拼成begger。

3) knock: n.(名词)

knock用作名词的基本意思是“狠狠的一击,打击”,用于比喻可指“不幸,挫折,艰苦”,引申可指“敲击声,敲击信号”。

knock是抽象名词,但却可数,可加不定冠词修饰,也可用复数形式,表示复数概念。

knock后接at〔to〕的介词短语表示侧重敲击的对象; 接on的介词短语侧重敲击的位置。v.(动词)

knock的基本意思是用手、拳等硬物“敲打”,指出声地、连续地猛击,引申可指发出敲击或

爆裂的声响。

4) 还可表示“批评”“数落”“非难”。

knock可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词宾语,

5) 也可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。

knock是瞬间动词,如表示重复动作,须用进行体。

2, He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.

1)ask的用法：

<1>. ask about sth (sb) 询问有关某人或某事的情况。如：

She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况。

Can I ask about the exam results? 我可以问问考试结果吗?

<2>. ask after sb 问候某人(的健康)。如：

They all ask after you. 他们都问候你(的健康)。

<3>. ask for sth 要求得到某物或要求与某人见面。如：

He asked for some water. 他要些水。

A Mr Smith is asking for the manager. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人要找经理。

<4>. ask sb for sth向某人要某物或请某人给某物。如：

They asked me for help. 他们向我求助。

He asked her for her address. 他向她要她的地址。

<5>. ask to do sth要求或请求做某事。如：He asked to see the manager. 他求见经理。

He asked to see whoever was in charge. 他要求见负责人。

He asked to go alone. 他要求一个人去。

<6>. ask sb to do sth 请或叫某人做某事。如

Ask John to mail these letters tomorrow. 叫约翰明天把这几封们寄了。

He asked us to wait for him at the gate. 他叫我们在门口等他。

2):return用法：

<1> “返回”，相当于“go back / get back / come back..

如：Ann will visit you when he returns to London.

（当“返回”时是不及物动词，先加to才可再加地点。另外，return已含有back的意思，后不可再跟back.）

<2> “归还”，相当于“give back”如：I have returned the dictionary.

（当“归还”时是及物动词，后直接加物，不加to. 同样不可再跟back.）

You should return the piano to Dick on time. （后接有人时，方可加to）

<3>in turn 依次, 轮流I and my brother do housework in turn.

in return 作为报答I sent him a book in return at his birthday party.

3: I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away.

1) give:give sb. sth give sth. to sb. give up 放弃

及物动词vt.

1.给;送给I gave him a book.

2.给予(某人时间、机会等);授予I'd like to give him another chance.

3.供给,产生;带来Sorry to have given you trouble. Cows give milk. 母牛产奶。

4.(向...)付出;(向...)出售How much did you give for the car? 你买这车付了多少钱?

5.做(一动作) I'll give it a wash. 我将把它洗一洗。

6.(为...)举办;(为...)上演They gave a party in honor of John. 他们举行宴会招待约翰。

7.献出[(+for/to)] He gave his life to art. 他将一生献给了艺术。

8.对...施行(责罚等) He was given 5 years for robbery. 他因抢劫被判刑五年。

2) 可跟双宾语的动词：

award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱）post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人

show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人

teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信(2) 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词

book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物

choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物

draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 为某人画某物fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb. 为某人去取某物

find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 为某人找到某物fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物

get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 为某人拿来某物make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物

order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 为某人采摘某物

prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 为某人留某物

sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 为某人唱某物（歌）spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 为某人让出某物

steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 为某人偷某物

4：Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons.

1）later:

<1>. 用作形容词和副词late 的比较级。如:

It's rather later than I thought. 这比我想的还要晚。

He left home later than usual. 他比平常还晚离家。

<2>. 用于一段具体时间之后,表示从过去或将来算起的多长时间以后,但通常不指从现在算起的多久以后。如:

误:I'll call again a week later.(可改为…in a week)

正:I called again a week later. 一周后我又打了电话。

正:I'll call her on March 5 and will call again a week later. 我将在3月5日给她打个电话,

过一周后我将再打个电话。

但是later单独使用(即不连用具体时间),可以表示从现在算起的"以后"(具有泛指意义)。如:

Let's stop now and finish it later. 现在停下来,以后再完成它。

He may be busy, in which case I'll call later. 他可能忙,如若如此,我以后再来拜访。

<3>. 用于later on,表示"以后""后来",可用于过去或将来。如:

We'll discuss the matter later on. 我们以后将讨论这件事。

Later on he realized his mistake. 后来他认识到了自己的错误。

<4>. sooner or later为习语,意为"迟早",注意其词序不能倒过来。如:

You'll know the truth sooner or later. 你迟早会知道真相的。

Sooner or later you'll have to make a decision. 你早晚得拿个主意。

3) :tell: vt. <1>.告诉;讲述,说[(+about/of/to)]

He told us how the accident happened.他告诉我们那次事故是怎么发生的。

She told me that she would be back in an hour.她告诉我她一个小时内就会回来。

Did he tell you when to start out?他有没有告诉你什么时候出发?

I told her my telephone number before we parted.我们分手前,我把电话号码告诉了她。

<2>.吩咐,命令Tell him not to come tomorrow. I told her to wait.

<3>.显示,显露She cracked a smile that told her joy. 她绽出笑容,显露内心的欢乐。

<4>.识别;辨别[(+from/apart)] I really can't tell which is which. 我实在看不出哪个是哪个。

<5>.(常用过去时)忠告,警告

I told you not to do that, and now look what's happened!

我警告过你不要干此事,你瞧现在出事了。

vi. <1>.讲述[(+of/about)]

The book tells of his sister's life in Japan. 这本书谈及他妹妹在日本的生活情况。

<2>.识别;判定It's too early to tell. 现在要作出判断为时过早。

5: He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.

1) :call: vt.

<1>.叫;呼唤;叫来:Call a doctor at once.快点叫个医生来?

I called you but you didn’t hear me.我喊你,但你却没听见?

Call a taxi for me.帮我叫辆出租车?

<2>.称(某人)为……,取名:His friends call him Bob.他的朋友都叫他鲍勃?

<3>.认为;称为……:We called this a success.我们认为这是一件成功的事?

<4>.给……打电话:I called him this morning.今天早上我给他打了个电话?

<5>.邀请:Will you call the family to dinner?你要邀请那一家来吃饭吗?

vi.

<1>.呼;喊;大叫:She called to me for help.她向我呼救?

<2>.访问;拜访 A lady called while you were out.你不在家的时候,有个女士来访?

<3>.要求:Obey when duty calls.服从工作需要?

<4>.打电话:He promised to call at noon.他答应中午打电话来?

n.

<1>.呼声;叫声:We heard a call for help last night.昨晚我们听到呼救声?

<2>.访问:He made several calls during the day.他在那一天中拜访了好几个人?

<3>.电话;通话:I’ve just had a call from Tom.我刚刚接到汤姆打来的电话?

<4>.需要;要求:She is a busy woman with many calls on her time.她是个大忙人,有很多事等着她去办?

含call的常用短语有:

<1>.call on/upon sb to do sth号召某人干某事;恳求?请(叫)某人干某事:

The headmaster called on the students to work harder.校长号召学生们更努力地学习?

We are calling upon you to help us.我们恳求你的帮助?

<2>.call on/upon sb拜访;看望某人; call at somewhere登门拜访:

I called on the Smiths yesterday.我昨天拜访了史密斯一家人?

I called at the Smith’s yesterday.我昨天去了史密斯家?

I called on the doctor yesterday.我昨天去看了医生?

I called at the doctor’s yesterday.我昨天去了医务室?

<3>.call out大声叫喊:

The boy called out for help to the people on the shore.那个男孩向岸上的人大声呼救?

<4>.call in 找来;请来(有目的,为了某一任务):

Your father is ill,you should call in a doctor at once.你父亲病了,你应该马上请个大夫来?

The police have been called in to help make it clear.已请来了警察帮忙把这件事弄清楚? <5>.call for要求,需要;提倡,号召; 叫(某人);接(某人,某物);喊着要……:

People are calling for freedom of all slaves.人们要求解放所有的奴隶?

Your plan will call for a lot of manpower and money.你的计划需要花大量的人力和财力?

Success calls for hard work.成功要靠勤奋?

The workers are calling for strike action in that country.那个国家的工人们正在号召起来罢工?

Our experiment will call for a lot of money.我们的实验将需要许多钱?

The baby is calling for his mother.孩子哭着找妈妈?

I will call for you at ten o’clock.我10点钟来接你?

The man sat down and called for a glass of beer.那个人坐下来,要了一杯啤酒?

<6>.call up给……打电话;征召;使想起(往事);叫醒:

On reaching Beijing,she called up her mother.一到北京,她就给她母亲打了电话?

Call me up if you have any questions.如果你有问题要问,请给我打电话?

In most countries,men are called up at the age of eighteen.在大多数国家,男子18岁就被征召服役?

His brother was called up right at the beginning of war.战争一开始,他哥哥就被征召入伍?

The photo calls up the story of my grandmother.这张照片使我想起了我的祖母?

The sound of the birds called up happy memories of my childhood holidays.

鸟叫声使我想起我童年时度假的美好回忆?

What time shall I call you up?我几点叫你起床?

The doctor was called up four times last night to attend the case.医生昨晚被叫了四次来料理这个病人?

<7>.call away 叫走;把……叫开:

She was called away from the meeting to answer an urgent phone call.她被叫出会场去接一个紧急电话?

<8>.call back 叫回,召回;回电话:

They called him back from America.他们把他从美国召回来?

She said she’d call back.她说她会再打电话来?

<9>.call off 取消:

The game was called off because of bad weather.因天气恶劣,比赛被取消了?

2) every:

1. 表示“每(个)”,其后通常接单数可数名词.如：

I go there every day. 我每天去那儿.

I believe every word he says. 我相信他说的每一句话.

注意以下两种情况：

(1) every 通常不能用于复数名词前,但若复数名词前有基数词或few 的修饰,则也可用

every 修饰,表示“每(隔)……”.如：

We go there every three days. 我们每三天(每隔两天)去那儿一次.

(2) every 通常不能用于不可数名词前,但在少数情况下,它可用于抽象名词前,表示“所有可能的”“充分的”“完全的”等.如：

We have every reason to do so. 我们有充分的理由这样做.

I wish you both every happiness. 祝你们俩位幸福美满.

2. every 指的是三个或三个以上的“每个”,不能指两者中的每个.如：

路的两边都种有树.

误：There are trees on every side of the road.

正：There are trees on each side of the road.

3. 并列的“every＋名词”结构用作主语时,谓语要用单数.如：

Every boy and (every) girl has read the story. 每个男孩女孩都读过这个故事.

4. 与not 连用通常构成部分否定.如：

Every student doesn’t like it. 并非每个学生都喜欢它.

3):once:

<1>. once用作连词时，意为“一旦……就……”，用于连接时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。Once you start, you will never give up.

一旦你开始了，你就不要放弃。

注意：once引导的是时间状语从句，从句要用一般现在时代替将来时。

<2>. once用作副词时，意为“曾经；一度；从前”。它是一个不确定的时间副词，其位置一般是在行为动词之前，系动词之后。

Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.

他曾经生活在美国，但现在他生活在英国。

<3>. once用作副词，也可意为“一次”的意思。两次是“twice”，三次是“three times”，四次是“four times”。

The old professor comes to see us once a week.

那个老教授一周来看我们一次。

<4>. 注意once用作副词时，在句中的位置不同表示的意思也不同，所以要特别注意。

I once went to Shanghai. 我曾经去过上海。I went to Shanghai once. 我去过上海一次。

<5>. once构成的一些短语的用法：

（1）at once（立刻；马上）Finish the task at once. 请立刻完成任务。

（2）once again（再一次；又一次），相当于once more。

Read the passage once more. 把课文再读一遍。

（3）once in a while（偶尔；间或）

We went to see our English teacher once in a while.我们偶尔去看我们的英语老师。

（4）all at once（突然），相当于suddenly。

All at once, they rushed out altogether. 突然，他们都一起冲出去了。

（5）once upon a time（很早以前；从前）

Once upon a time there was an old man named John Hill. 从前有一个名叫约翰?希尔的老人。