动词短语和短语动词的区别
英语短语动词和动词短语能这样区分吗？（三）
短语动词与动词短语是英语学习中的一个重点也是一个难点，如何区别短语动词与动词短语，很多英语初学者一片茫然。就英语双词动词或多词动词而言，大致上可分为短语动词与动词短语两种基本形式。在形式上，前者多由动词加副词构成，后者由动词加介词构成。在意义上，这两种动词具有共同特点，即它们所表示的意义不是动词和副词或介词各自词义的简单结合，而往往相当于一个实意动词，但短语动词与动词短语归根到底不是同一个概念，在用法上，二者还是有着本质的区别，这一点从以下五个方面得到体现。
1.能否接宾语动词短语相当于一个及物动词，其后要接宾语意义才完整；而短语动词并不全都接宾语。如：We should pay much attention to the environment protection.该句中如果去掉介词宾语the environment protection，句子就变成了We should pay much attention to，从意义上讲是一个病句。
而短语动词用在及物句中可以接宾语，用在不及物句中则不能接宾语。如：It took me a while to adapt to the new job. 是一个及物句，因为动词短语adapt to后面接了the new job。但 The fire put out at 10 o’clock.是一个不及物句，因为该句是一个完整的句子，动词短语put out 后无需宾语。
下面再举两个含有动词短语的例子供大家参考：
(1) I waited for him all day.
(2) What does this sigh stand for?
典例分析 When he realized the police had spotted him, the man _______ the exit as quickly as possible.
A) made off B) made for C) made out D) made up
答案B。从the exit来判断，是要表达向出口方向移动，那么make for （走向）最为合适。make off逃走，但不能直接接the exit，make out 假装、认出，make up补充、虚构。
参考译文：当他意识到警察认出他时，他以最快的速度向出口走去。
2.宾语的位置
动词短语接宾语时，无论宾语是代词还是名词，都只能放在介词之后。如： He takes after his mother /her in everything but his nose. 但我们不能说He takes his mother after，也不能说He takes her after.再如：
The schoolgirl looked quickly at the price list.我们不能说The schoolgirl looked quickly the price list at.
而及物的短语动词则不同，接代词作宾语时，宾语要放在动词和副词之间；接名词作宾语时，宾语可以放在动词和副词之间，也可以放在动词与副词之后。如：
Another wave came, sweeping down a lot of trees and sweeping her down too. 该句中，a lot of trees 是一个名词词组，可以放在短语
动词sweep与副词 down之间，也可以放在动词sweep与副词down之后，但her是一个宾格代词，必须放在动词sweep与副词down之间。
典例分析 We had to _______ a lot of noise when the children were at home.
A) go in for B) hold on to C) put up with D) keep pace with 答案C。既然有a lot of noise，那么我们就得put up with（忍受）。go in for从事、喜欢，hold on to抓住、坚持，keep pace with跟上。参考译文：孩子们在家时，我们得忍受他们的吵闹。
3.关于其被动结构
动词短语可以接宾语，所以大部分含有动词短语的句子都可以变为被动语态。如：They are talking about their new teacher.
如果我们把这一句话改为被动语态，就变成了：Their new teacher is being talked about by them.但并非所有含有动词短语的句子都可以变为被动语态，因为英语中有不少动词短语用主动形式表达被动意义。如：This car belongs to a lady called Linda. 该句中belong to 就不用于被动。
又如：Great changes have taken place in China in recent years. 但不能说Great changes have been taken place in China in recent years.
再如：The Second World War broke out in 1939. 但我们不能说：The Second World War was broken out in 1939.
同样的，并不是所有的短语动词都能用于被动句，而只有及物的短语动词才能用于被动句。The boss turned down the workers’ demand for higher pay. 此句中turn down 是一个加了宾语的短语动词，可以变成一个被动句：The workers’ demand for higher pay was turned down by the boss. 再看下面的句子：She promised the children they could stay up for their favorite TV programme.该句中stay up 是一个不及物的短语动词，所以不能变成被动句。
典例分析 This custom has ____ to us since the 19th century. A. handed down B.handed on C.been handed down D. been handed to 答案: C。“风俗习惯”应是“被流传下来”，即：“把风俗自上而下
传下来”，hand the custom down / on to sb.”,因此选用被动语态。参考译文：这种风俗习惯自十九世纪被传承了下来。
4.副词的位置
有些动词短语可以在动词与介词之间加入副词（作状语）。如：
He looked carefully at the man.
He waited anxiously for the bus.
而短语动词则不能在动词与副词之间加入副词（作状语）。
The car broke down suddenly. 我们不说 The car broke suddenly down.
典例分析 She spent a happy afternoon _______ her coins and stamps.
A) making out B) sorting out C) figuring out D) turning out
答案B。从coin和stamp可以猜出是她的业余爱好，coin和stamp需
要sort out（分类）。make out认出，figure out思考，turn out生产、证明为。参考译文：她整个下午都在给硬币和邮票分类，过地很高兴。
5.发音时重音的位置
短语动词的重音落在副词上。如：
Watch out! There is danger ahead.
Danger! Keep out. （keep out把…挡在外边，不让··进入）
而动词短语的重音则落在动词上。如：
The children are looking forward to seeing Nei Haisheng soon. Let us drink to his success.
典例分析 If you had _____ your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made few mistakes.
A. looked up
B.thought about
C. gone over
D.gone round
答案: C。 look up ( 在字典,参考书中)查询,查阅; think about “考虑,想”; go over “仔细检查,审阅”; go round/ around “够用,够分配” . 本题中go over your test paper == check your test paper. 参考译文: 如果你在交卷前认真检查了你的试卷，你就会少犯一些错误。
6.可拆性与不可拆性
如何区别动词短语与短语动词? 这里有一个便捷的方法可以检验，即看在定语从句中可不可以拆开，可以拆开的是动词短语，不能拆开的便是短语动词。请看下面的例句：
(1) This is the girl who/whom I learn the news from.可以把这个句子改成：This is the girl from whom I learn the news . (2) This is the book that/ which you can refer to.可以改成 This is the book to which you can refer.
以上两句中，learn from 和refer to 中的介词 from 与 to 分别可移至关系代词 whom 与 which 之前，即定语从句中的先行词 the girl 与the book 分别作了这两个介词的宾语，由此可以判定learn from 和refer to 是动词短语而非短语动词。
下面再看两个例句：
（1）The baby whom you looked after yesterday was an orphan. 此句不能改成：The baby after whom you looked yesterday was an orphan. 因为如果把look after 拆开后已经不再具有“照看，照料”的意义了，由此可以判定 look after 是一个短语动词。
（2）The sports meet which you mention will be put off till next week. 此句不能改成：The sports meet off which you mention will be put off till next week. 因为如果把put off 拆开后已经不再具有“延期，推迟”的意义了，由此可以判定put off 是一个短语动词。典例分析 Frequently single-parent children _______ some of the
functions that the absent adult in the house would have served.
A) take off B) take after C) take in D) take on
答案D。从function这一宾语判断，应用take on（承担）。take off 脱掉、起飞，take after相象、照看，take in接纳、欺骗。
参考译文：通常单亲家庭的孩子会承担一些本应该由所缺父亲或母亲承担的责任。
总之，区别这两种类型的动词并没有捷径可走，唯一的办法是在平时的学习中多留意，多积累，多摸索。
(完整版)中考英语常用动词短语(超全)
look短语look for寻找；look after照顾；look over查看；look forward to渴望，向往，to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语；look at看着；look up抬头看，在…查找；look up to尊敬；look down upon瞧不起；look like看起来像；look as if/though看起来好像；look through透过……看,翻阅，浏览；look into调查；look out当心；look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾，回想look on旁观, 看作，当作(与as 连用) put短语put off推迟，put on穿上；上演；put away把…暂时收起来，储存……备用；put up举起，建造，张贴；put out扑灭；put down写下；放下；put aside把…搁在一边；put back放回put…into把…放入put one’s heart into全神贯注 turn短语turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝；turn up把音量开大一点;出现；turn round/around回头；turn over 翻开;翻转；turn to朝向;变成;求助于；turn…into…把…变成…；turn into变成；turn out结果证明是；turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over （使）翻过来turn against背叛turn back折回，往回走turn around旋转，转过身来 call短语call at拜访，后接地点；call on拜访，后接被拜访的对象；号召；call back回电话；call in 叫来；call up打电话，使回忆起；call for叫某人同往某处，要求；call off取消 be短语be friendly/kind to对…友好；be fed up with对…厌烦；be different from与…不同；be afraid of害怕；be popular with受…欢迎；be fond of喜欢，爱好；be interested in对…感兴趣；be surprised at对…惊讶；be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意；be proud of对…感到自豪；be strict with对某人严格；be strict in 对某事严格；be good to对…有好处；be good at擅长于…；be sure of/about对…有把握；be divided into被分成；be made up of由…构成；be angry with对某人生气；be busy with忙于；be full of/filled with装满了；be late for…迟到；be covered with覆盖着；be familiar with对…熟悉；be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的；be famous/known for因…著名；be famous/known as作为…有名 get短语get on/along (well) with与某人相处（融洽），在…进展（顺利）；get up起床；get on上车（船、飞机、马）；get off下车（船、飞机、马）；get back回去；get back to回到；get away离开，逃脱；get down 下来；get home到家；get into进入，陷入；get out (of) (从…)出去；get to到达get together聚会；get in收割get through通过，度过，完成get hold of获得，取得get over越过，恢复，克服get ready for为…作准备get up起床get used to习惯于
(完整版)英语动词词组大全
英语专业四级动词词组 第一组： absent oneself from 缺席，不到 be abundant in丰富的，有大量的 be abundant with有丰富的 take into account考虑，重视，把···考虑在内 account for说明···的原因，解释 make allowance(s) for考虑到，为···留余地，体谅amount to总计达到 play the ape模仿（ape类人猿、模仿者） assuming that假定··· avenge oneself on对···进行报复 awaken to醒悟，使···意识到 go bankrupt破产 You bet!的确，你说的没错！当然，一定 be blessed with具有···，赋有（能力），享有 call one's bluff接受某人的挑战 go bust破产 capitalize on；利用，从···中捞油水，由于···而获益 show concern for关心 have a guilty conscience内疚 consult with商量，商议，与···商量（协商） make contact with sb.与···联系 crack down对···采取严厉措施，镇压 depart from背离，违反 go into detail(s)详述，逐一细说 leave to one's own devices go to the devil走开，完蛋，滚开，见鬼，毁了 Talk of the devil. Speak of the devil(and he will appear).说曹操曹操到 be/go on a diet节食，按规律饮食 stand on one's dignity（尊严） dip one's hand into one's pocket 掏腰包 dispose of处理（安排，解决）丢掉，除掉 extinguish oneself What is done cannot be undone. beat the Dutch非常奇特（叫人吃惊，空前出众） go Dutch各自付账，各付各的 dwell on细想，详述，老是想着 lay/put/place emphasis on sth.重视，强调，重点在 be endowed with被赋予，赋有，天生具有···，以···而告终exert oneself努力，尽力 come into existence出现，产生 take a fancy to喜爱，爱好，喜欢···起来
常见动词短语
常见动词短语 Look 1. have a look = take a look 看 2. look down upon 看不起，轻视 3. look back upon 回顾 4. look into 调查 5. look after 照顾 6. look around = look about 环顾四周 7. look at 看 8. look for 寻找 9. look forward to 盼望 10. look on 旁观，看待 11. look out 当心，小心，朝外看 12. look through 通过……看，浏览，检查，复习 13. look up 向上看，在（词典中）查询 Make 1. make a promise 答应，允诺 2. make sense 很有意义，讲得通 3. make a decision 做出决定 4. make a plan for 为……做计划 5. make fun of 取笑某人 6. make sure of 确信，确定 7. make clothes 缝衣服 8. make money 赚钱 9. make a noise 吵闹 10. make a face 做鬼脸 11. make trouble 惹麻烦 12. Make friends with sb. 与某人做朋友 13. make progress 取得进步 14. make a mistake 犯错误 15. make up one’s mind 拿定主意 16. make a speech 发表演讲 17. make a note 记录 18. make a reply 答复 19. make a discovery 发现 20. make a start 动身 21. make an apology 道歉
英语七年级动词短语固定搭配
七年级动词短语固定搭配 want to do sth想要做某事I want to be a teacher./ He wants to have milk for breakfast. want sb to do sth想要某人做某事My mother wants me to clean the room. want sth想要某物I want an apple. like doing sth喜欢做某事I like playing football. like to do sth喜欢做某事He likes to go shopping with his friends. like sth喜欢某物I like apples. enjoy doing sth喜爱做某事My brother enjoys playing football. enjoy sth喜爱/某物I enjoyed my winter vacation. have fun doing sth愉快地做某事I had great fun playing in the water. =have a good time doing sth = I had a good time playing in the water. =enjoy oneself to do sth = I enjoyed myself to play in the water. let sb do sth让某人做某事Lucy lets me go shopping with her. let sb not do sth让某人不做某事My mother lets me not play on the road. tell sb to do sth告诉某人去做某事Tom tells me to work hard. tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不要去做某事Tom tells me not to play every day. tell sb about sth告诉某人关于某事My math teacher tells us about the exam. tell sb sth告诉某人某事My friend told me the traffic accident. hope to do sth希望去做某事I hope to go to Beijing on summer vacation. hope +从句希望……I hope you have a good trip. It’s +形容词+of sb to do sth某人做某事真是太……It’s kind of you to help me. It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说……It’s good for you to have vegetables every day. be interested in doing sth对做某事很感兴趣Lucy is interested in dancing. be interested in sth做某事／某物很感兴趣My parents are interested in Beijing Opera. be friendly to sb对某人很友好My classmates are friendly to me. be friendly with sb和某人很友好My classmates are friendly with each other. wait for sb等待某人Jeff often waits for his sister after school. can’t wait to do sth迫不及待去做某事Summer is coming , I can’t wait to go to swim. work for为……而工作Do you want to work for a magazine? work as从事……职业My father works as a doctor. work with和……一起工作Do you like to work with other young people?
2019版高考英语二轮专题复习练习：专题五-动词和动词短语
2019版高考英语二轮专题复习练习：专题五-动词和动词短语
专题五动词和动词短语(+完形填空+语篇填 空+短文改错) A级基础过关 Ⅰ.单句填空 1.(2018湖北黄冈中学三模)In the course of serving tea,the host should take careful notice of how much water is(remain) in the cups and in the kettle. 2.There should be more and more cultural exchanges between us so as to (deep)our understanding of each other. 3.(2018陕西西安二模) Li Hua read her diary entry from the previous day,which (say):“I
realize that as well as making time for my friends,I should also have some time to myself.” 4.The new electric bicycles (sell) well and (sell) out within two days. 5.A lady (appear) suddenly in front of me,and asked for a help,(appear) anxious. 6.No matter what difficulty you will meet ,carry out your plan. 7.If the day turns wet we may have to change our plans.
山东省高考英语二轮复习 专题整合突破五 动词和动词短语
2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版 五、动词和动词短语 真题试做 1．(2011山东高考，25)They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic. A．put off B．speed up C．turn on D．work out 2．(2010山东高考，27)Sam ______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A．brought up B．looked up C．picked up D．set up 3．(2010山东高考，31)Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children? A．manage B．serve C．adapt D．construct 4．(2009山东高考，26) —Do you have enough to ______all your daily expenses? —Oh yes，enough and to spare. A．cover B．spend C．fill D．offer 5．(2009山东高考，31) Amy joined a painting group but didn't seem to ______，so she left. A．show off B．go up C．fit in D．come over 考向分析 1．考查常见动词和动词短语的词义辨析。强调语言的情景化，把动词和动词短语的区别放在鲜活的语境中进行考查，突出在具体语境中进行意义选择的测试。 2．考查常见动词的搭配。特别是同一动词和不同的副词或介词构成的短语的辨析，或者不同的动词和同一副词或介词构成的短语的辨析。如take/make/turn/come/hold/bring/ keep/leave/hand等一些高频动词与out/off/up/over/about/down/on/in等副词搭配构成的短语含义。 3．考查常见动词及其短语的新义，也就是我们所说的“熟词生义”；动词的一词多义也是考查的重点。要在具体的语境中灵活地使用。 热点例析 考点一：动词词义辨析 这类试题的四个选项往往结构相同，词形或意义相近。要做好这类试题，必须从各个动词的语义差别、用法特点等方面入手，然后结合题意选用合适的动词。 【典例分析】 (2012江西高考，30)We were all agreed that the cottage would ______ a perfect holiday home for the family. A．make B．turn C．take D．have 答案为A项。句意：我们一致认为，那所小农舍将会成为一家人度假的完美居所。make 在此意为“成为”。 (2012浙江高考，12)According to scientists，our mental abilities begin to ______ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. A．differ B．shrink C．fail D．decline 答案为D项。句意：据科学家们说，我们大脑的能力在22岁达到最高水平后，从27岁
初中常用动词短语大全
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