地质类相关英语单词

《Global Tectonics》地质专业词汇整理

周迅

tectonics 构造地质学，大地构造学seismology 地震学

plate tectonics板块构造论configuration 地形轮廓

geology 地质学plain 平原

continental drift 大陆漂移fold mountain belts 褶曲山脉带epeirogeny 造陆运动glaciation 冰川作用Carboniferous 石炭纪Permian 二叠纪

Paleomagnetic 古地磁Crust 地壳

geothermal field 地温场layer 地层

sea floor spreading 海底扩张mid-ocean ridge 洋中脊

mantle 地幔geosyncline 地槽

volcanic rock 火山岩stock 岩株

sill 岩床metamorphic rock 变质岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩orogen 造山带

seismic waves 地震波fault plane 断层面

lithosphere 岩石圈fold 褶皱

seismic velocity 地震波速dip angle 倾角

magnetic anomaly 地磁异常dip 倾向

neotectonism 新构造运动thrust fault 逆冲断层

normal fault 正断层Seismic tomography 层析地震成像body waves 体波incised meander 深切河曲ductile 韧性；柔性surface waves 面波

Rayleigh waves 瑞雷波paleotectonism 古构造运动

Love waves 乐福波recrystallization 重结晶作用circuit waves rock 岩石(石头stone) disconformity 平行不整合Moho 莫霍面chronostratigraphic 年代地层单位granite 花岗岩

continental margin 大陆边缘weathering 风化作用

karstfication 喀斯特作用basalt 玄武岩

plateau 高原epicentral distance 震中距

andesite 安山岩recent tectonism 现代构造运动

diorite 闪长岩hills 丘陵

ropy lava 绳状熔岩horizon 层位

block lava 块状熔岩metasomatism 交代作用

granulite the Conrad discontinuity 康拉德不连续面continental crust 陆壳oceanic crust 洋壳

volcanism 喷出作用；火山作用mineralogy 矿物学

tide 潮汐lithology 岩石学

orogenic belts 造山带plagioclase 斜长石

eclogite facies 榴辉岩相terrigenous sediments 陆源沉积物manganese nodules 锰结核chert 燧石

Jurassic 侏罗纪

plate tectonics 板块构造

Cretaceous 白垩纪

reverse fault 逆断层

strike-slip fault 平移断层

step fault 阶梯状断层

calcite 方解石

epicentre 震中

focus depth 震源深度

quartz 石英

zeolites 沸石

basin 盆地

vertical movement 垂直运动

gabbro 辉长岩

fracture zone 断裂带

ophiolite 蛇纹石

dunite 橄榄岩

petrology 岩石学

sequence 层序

geochemistry 地球化学

attitude of stratum 岩层产状meteorology 气象学

actinolite 阳起石

Precambrian 前寒武纪

Cratons 克拉通

ocean current 海流；洋流

garnet 石榴石

core 地核

eonothem 宇

mica 云母

Rheology 流变学

Structural Geology 构造地质学unconformity 角度不整合oceanic lithosphere 大洋岩石圈continental lithosphere 大陆岩石圈isostasy 地壳均衡说asthenosphere 岩流圈

delta 三角洲

continental slope 大陆坡

Triassic 三叠纪

river 河流

fold belt 造山带，褶皱带

lake 湖泊

Paleozoic 古生代metacrystallization 变质结晶作用anorthosite 钙长石

tillite冰碛岩

Mesozoic 中生代Paleoclimatology 古气候学Stratigraphy 地层学

evaporites 蒸发岩

arkose 长石砂岩

sandstone 砂岩

shale 页岩

conglomerate 砾岩

hematite 赤铁矿

limonite 褐铁矿

phosphorite 磷灰石

bauxite 铝土矿

laterite 红土

paleontology 古生物学

hinge of fold 枢纽

Caledonian 加里东期Appalachian阿巴拉契亚造山运动Variscan 华力西期

marsh沼泽

Uralian乌拉尔阶

Orogenies

Pangea 泛古陆，联合古陆phanerozoic 显生宙

rock magnetism 岩石磁学biostratigraphic 生物地层学compaction 压实作用cementation 胶结作用

tectonic earthquake 构造地震Archaeozoic Eon 太古宙

axial plane 轴面

Ordovician 奥陶纪

Wilson cycle 威尔逊旋回

Paleogeography 古地理学

transform fault 转换断层

magnetite 磁铁矿

geothermal gradient 地温梯度Magnetostratigraphy 磁性地层学Pleistocene 更新世

garnet 石榴子石

subduction zone 俯冲带;潜没带;消减带Paleogene 早第三纪

strike-slip fault zone 走滑断层带

fault plane 断层面

Cenozoic 新生代

diamond 金刚石

geochemical 地球化学

elastic rebound mechanism 弹性回弹理论magmatism 岩浆作用

paired metamorphic belts 双变质带magnetic anomalies 磁异常

ridge 脊，脊状突起

trench 海沟

strike-slip fault 走向滑动断层，走向平移断层ocean ridge 海脊，海岭，洋脊

topography 地形，地形学

rift valley 裂谷

plate boundary zone 板块边界区

orogeny 造山运动

eon 宙

horst 地垒

fault 断层

graben 地堑

permeability coefficient 渗透系数

low velocity zone 低速带

olivine 橄榄石

seismology 地震学

spinel 尖晶石

pluton 深成岩体

propagating rifts

microplates

structural evolution 构造演化oceanic layering 海洋分层

tectonic uplift 构造上升,构造隆起cooling lithosphere

leaky transform fault 渗透转换断层aulacogens

epoch 世

range province 山脉区

geodynamic 地球动力学Proterozoic Eon 元古宙

knife-ekge 刃脊

Sinian Eon 震旦纪

surface process 表层地质作用

plate motion 板块运动

half-graben morphology 半地堑形态学rift basin 裂谷盆地

shallow seismicity 浅层地震

border fault 边界断层

parallel fault 平行断层

magmatic activity 岩浆活动geophysical 地球物理学

Bouguer gravity anomalies 布格重力异常tomographic inversion 层析反演extensional deformation 伸展形变sedimentary basin 沉积盆地

Shear Zone 剪切带

era 代

continental shelf 大陆架

volcanic body 火山弹

period 纪

dike 岩墙

erathem 界

dynamic metamorphism 动力变质作用mid-oceanic ridge 大洋中脊

series 统

Hadean Eon 冥古宙

hydrosphere 水圈

horn 角峰

Phanerozoic Eon 显生宙

Cambrian 寒武纪

diagenesis 成岩作用

Silurian 志留纪

Devonian 泥盆纪

geological process 地质作用

flood flow 洪流

sea water 海水

lopolith 岩盆

interal process 内部地质作用

cirque 冰斗

glacial valley 冰蚀谷

alluvial fan 冲积扇recrystallization 重结晶作用magma 岩浆

syncline 向斜

stratum 地层

magmatism 岩浆作用

hydrology 水文学

fissure eruption 裂隙式喷发作用central eruption 中心式喷发作用wave lava 波状熔岩

sedimentary rock 沉积岩

lava 熔岩

pillow lava 枕状熔岩

intrusive body 侵入体

batholith 岩基

laccolith 岩盖

metamorphism 变质作用lithostratigraphic unit 岩石地层单位contact metamorphism 接触变质作用regional metamorphism 区域变质作用migmatization 混合岩化作用

gravity 重力

geothermal heat flow 地热流密度geomagnetic field 地磁场

stone meteorite 石陨石

iron meteorite 铁陨石

mineral 矿物

magmatite 岩浆岩；火成岩metamorphic rock 变质岩

isostasy 重力均衡

cleavage 解理

system 系

geologic time 地质年代

fossil化石

seawave 波浪

turbidity current 浊流continental water 陆地水

sheet flow 片流

Ordovicean 奥陶纪

ground water 地下水

glacier 冰川

humidify 湿度

biosphere 生物圈

Gutenberg discontinuity 古登堡面low-velocity zone 低速带；低速层asthenosphere 软流圈geography 地理学oceanography 海洋学

geoid 大地水准面

Quarternary 第四纪

montains 山地

continental rise 大陆基

island arc 岛弧

oceanic basin 大洋盆地atmosphere 大气圈

onshore 滨岸

bedding 层理

sequence stratigraphy 层序地层学feldspar 长石

sedimentary facies 沉积相hematite 赤铁矿

secondary mineral 次生矿物geotectonics 大地构造学

marble 大理岩

continental margin 大陆边缘resinous 油脂光泽

scratching 擦痕；划痕

orthoclase 正长石

kaolinite 高岭石

graphite 石墨

aphanitic 隐晶质的

puroclastic texture 火山碎屑结构xenolith 捕掳体

assimilating 吸收；同化作用nappe 推覆体

neotectonics 新构造学

neptunism 水成论

nontectonic joint 非构造节理nuclear geology 核地质学obduction zone 仰冲带

ocean floor fracture zone 洋底断裂带oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩ophiolite 蛇绿岩

original order 原层序oryctogeology 化石地质学oryctognosy 地物学

overthrust 逆掩断层

overturned fold 倒转褶皱oxidation zone 氧化带

ocean ridge 海岭

abyssal plain 深海平原

opaque 暗的；不透明的

volatile 易发作的；挥发份

gamma activity 放射性

general stratigraphic column 综合地层柱状剖面图geobiochemistry 地球生物化学

geodynamics 地质力学

geological cycle 地质旋回

tectonic movement 构造运动

horizontal movement 水平运动

river terrance 河流阶地

peneplane 准平原

conformity 整合

geologic structure 地质构造

brittle 脆性

stratum 岩层

strike 走向

hinge zone of fold 转折端

anticline 背斜

fracture 断裂构造

joint 节理

shear joint 剪节理

fension joint 张节理

fault surface 断层面

fault wall 断盘

imbricat structure 叠瓦状构造

earthquake 地震

seismic focus 震源

volcanic earthquake 火山地震

depression earthquake 陷落地震Pangaed 联合古大陆；泛大陆transform fault 转换断层

key bed 标志层

geochronologic unit 地质年代单位stylolite 缝合线

amphibolite 角闪岩

muscovite 白云母

dolomitizat 白云石化porphyroblastic texture 斑状变晶结构plate boundary 板块边界metamorphic zone 变质带

Geology(地质)专业英语词汇

2. GEOLOGY地质 2.1 LITHOLOGY CASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION ORDER 岩性分类和描述顺序 2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型 Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩 clas clastic 碎屑岩 ss sandstone 砂岩 mdst mudstone 泥岩 sh shale 页岩 clyst, clst claystone 粘土岩 sd sand 砂 mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩 fsst fine sandstone 细砂岩 bldr boulder 卵石 pbl pebble 卵石 grl gravel 砾石 cgl conglomerate 砾岩 gywk graywacke 硬砂岩 cbl cobble 大鹅卵石 ark arkose 长石砂岩 grnl granule 粒砂 brec breccic 角砾岩 bioc bioclastic 生物碎屑岩 vcrs sst very coarse sandstone 极粗砂岩 argl argillite 泥板岩 gyp gypsum 石膏 anhy anhydrite 硬石膏 slt salt 盐岩 flint-lingite 隧石 carbonate 碳酸盐岩 ls limestone 灰岩，石灰岩 dolo dolomite 白云石 dolst dolostone 白云岩

mrls marlstone 泥灰石 coq coquina 贝壳灰岩 biosp biosparte 生物亮晶灰岩 biomi biomicrite 生物微晶灰岩 clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩，钙屑灰岩 clclt calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩 micr micrite 微晶灰岩 clcrd calcirudite 砾屑石灰岩 clslt calcisilitite 粉砂屑石灰岩 grst grainstone 粒状灰岩 oolitic limestone 鲕状灰岩 Igneous Rock 火成岩 intrusive igneous 侵入岩 extrusive igneous 喷出岩 volc colcanic 火山岩 grt granite 花岗岩 dr diorite 闪长岩 grdr grano diorite 花岗闪长岩 qu dr quartz diorite 石英闪长岩 dr po diorite porphyrite 闪长玢岩 syenite 正长岩 gab, gb gabbro 辉长岩 qu po quartz porphyrite 石英玢岩 an andesite 安山岩 bas basalt 玄武岩 arag aragonite 纹石，霞石 Meta Metsmorphic rock 变质岩 phyl phyllite 千枚岩 sl slate 板岩 sch schist 片岩 mbl marble 大理岩 gne gneiss 片麻岩 qtzt quartzite 石英岩 novac novaculite致密石英岩 2.1.2 COL Color, Colour 颜色 blk black 黑色 brn brown 棕色 yel yellow 黄色 gy, gry grey 灰色

地理英文单词

地理英文单词公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-

地理单词自然景点 Asia 亚洲 The Himalayas 喜马拉雅山 Great Wall,China 中国长城 Forbidden City,Beijing,China 北京故宫 Mount Fuji,Japan 日本富士山 Taj Mahal,India 印度泰姬陵 Angkor Wat,Cambodia 柬埔寨吴哥窟 Bali,Indonesia 印度尼西亚巴厘岛 Borobudur,Indonesia 印度尼西亚波罗浮屠 Sentosa,Singapore 新加坡圣淘沙 Crocodile Farm,Thailand 泰国北榄鳄鱼湖 Pattaya Beach,Thailand 泰国芭堤雅海滩 Babylon,Iraq 伊拉克巴比伦遗迹 Mosque of St,Sophia in Istanbul (Constantinople),Turkey 土耳其圣索非亚教堂 Mount Fuji,Japan 日本富士山 Taj Mahal,India 印度泰姬陵 Angkor Wat,Cambodia 柬埔寨吴哥窟 Bali,Indonesia 印度尼西亚巴厘岛

Borobudur,Indonesia 印度尼西亚波罗浮屠 Sentosa,Singapore 新加坡圣淘沙 Babylon,Iraq 伊拉克巴比伦遗迹 Africa 非洲 Suez Canal,Egypt 埃及苏伊士运河 Aswan High Dam,Egypt 埃及阿斯旺水坝 Pyramids,Egypt 埃及金字塔 The Nile,Egypt 埃及尼罗河 Nairobi National Park,Kenya 肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园Cape of Good Hope,South Africa 南非好望角 Sahara Desert 撒哈拉大沙漠 Oceania 大洋洲 Great Barrier Reef,Australia 澳大利亚大堡礁 Sydney Opera House,Australia 澳大利亚悉尼歌剧院Ayers Rock,Australia 澳大利亚艾尔斯巨石 Mount Cook,New Zealand 新西兰库克山 Europe 欧洲 Notre Dame de Paris,France 法国巴黎圣母院 Effiel Tower,France 法国艾菲尔铁塔 Arch of Triumph,France 法国凯旋门 Elysee Palace,France 法国爱丽舍宫

地理专业词汇英语翻译

地理专业词汇英语翻译(A-B) a horizon 腐殖堆积层 aa lava 块熔岩 abandoned field 撩荒地abandoned lands 撩荒地abandoned mine 废弃矿山abandoned shoreline 旧岸线aberration 像差 abiogenesis 自然发生 abiotic factor 非生物因素 ablation 水蚀 ablation moraine 消融冰碛abnormality 反常 aboriginal 土着的 abrasion 海蚀 abrasion platform 浪蚀台地abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasive 研磨剂 abrupt slope 陡坡 abrupt textural change 质地突变abscissa 横坐标 absolute age 绝对年龄 absolute age determination 绝对年代测定 absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝对年龄 absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute amplitude 绝对振幅absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute dating 绝对年代测定absolute error 绝对误差 absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学 absolute geopotential 绝对重力势absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定性absolute maximum 绝对极大absolute measure 绝对尺度absolute minimum 绝对极小absolute orientation 绝对定向absolute parallax 绝对视差 absolute precision 绝对精度 absolute representation 绝对值表示法 absolute temperature 绝对温度 absolute value 绝对值 absolute zero 绝对零度 absorbed radiant flux 吸收辐射 absorbed radiation 吸收辐射 absorbent 吸收剂 absorbing capacity 吸收能力 absorbing complex 吸收性复合体 absorptance 吸收系数 absorption 吸收 absorption band 吸收带 absorption coefficient 吸收系数 absorption curve 吸收曲线 absorption factor 吸收因素 absorption filter 吸收滤光片 absorption of energy 能量吸收 absorption of light 光吸收 absorption spectrum 吸收光谱 absorption surface 吸收面 absorptive capacity 吸收本领 absorptivity 吸收能力 absorptivity emissivity ratio 吸收发射比 abstract symbol 抽象符号 abundance of isotopes 同位素的丰度 abundance of the elements 元素丰度 abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素的相对丰度 abundant rainfall 过量降雨 abyss 深渊 abyssal 深海的 abyssal basins 深海盆地 abyssal benthos 深海底栖生物 abyssal deposits 深海沉积物 abyssal facies 深海相 abyssal hill 深海丘陵 abyssal plain 深海平原 abyssal region 深海区 abyssal sediment 深海沉积物 abyssal zone 深海带 acariasis 螨病 acarinosis 螨病 acaustobiolite 非可燃性生物岩 accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀 accelerated weathering 加速风化 acceleration 加速度 acceptance 接收 acceptor 收体 acceptor atom 受体原子 acceptor bond 接体合 accessory element 伴随元素 accessory mineral 副次要 accessory species 次要种 accidental ejecta 外源喷出物 accidental error 偶然误差 accidental species 偶见种 acclimatization 气候驯化 acclivity 上行坡 accompaniment element 伴生元素 accordance of summit levels 峰顶面等高性 accordant junction 协和汇流平齐汇流交合汇流 accordant junction of streams 协合流 accretion gley 淤积潜育层 accumulated temperature 积温 accumulation 堆积 accumulation curve 累积曲线 accumulation horizon 聚积层 accumulation mountains 堆积山地 accumulation of assimilation products 同化物累积 accumulation of humus 腐殖质蓄积 accumulation of organic matter 有机质堆积 accumulative coast 堆积海岸 accumulative relief 堆积地形 accuracy 准确度 accuracy of measurement 测定准确度

常用地质学英语词汇

2. GEOLOGY地质2.1 LITHOLOGY CASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION ORDER 岩性分类与描述顺序 2.1.1 Rock Types 岩石类型 Sedi Sedimentry 沉积岩 clas clastic 碎屑岩 ss sandstone 砂岩 mdst mudstone 泥岩 sh shale 页岩 clyst, clst claystone 粘土岩 sd sand 砂 mSsd medium sandstone 中砂岩 fsst fine sandstone 细砂岩 bldr boulder 卵石 pbl pebble

grl gravel 砾石 cgl conglomerate 砾岩 gywk graywacke 硬砂岩 cbl cobble 大鹅卵石 ark arkose 长石砂岩 grnl granule 粒砂 brec breccic 角砾岩 bioc bioclastic 生物碎屑岩 vcrs sst very coarse sandstone 极粗砂岩 argl argillite 泥板岩 gyp gypsum 石膏 anhy anhydrite 硬石膏 slt salt 盐岩 flint-lingite

carbonate 碳酸盐岩 ls limestone 灰岩，石灰岩 dolo dolomite 白云石 dolst dolostone 白云岩 mrls marlstone 泥灰石 coq coquina 贝壳灰岩 biosp biosparte 生物亮晶灰岩 biomi biomicrite 生物微晶灰岩 clcar calcarenite 灰屑岩，钙屑灰岩 clclt calcilutite 泥屑石灰岩 micr micrite 微晶灰岩 clcrd calcirudite 砾屑石灰岩 clslt calcisilitite 粉砂屑石灰岩

地质专业英语词汇大全

地质专业英语词汇A a hoｒｉzoｎ a 层位 a ｌiｎeaｔioｎ a 线理 a ｔwin ａ双晶 aａ lava 块熔岩ａａlenian ｓｔage 阿林阶ａbaｎdon 废弃 abandoned mｉne 废弃得矿山abandoｎeｄ well 废孔ａｂａtｉs 通风隔墙 abdomｅn 腹部ａｂdomｉｎａl apｐendage 腹肢abdominal cａvity 腹腔ａbdｏminal fin 腹 abｄｕctoｒ外展肌 aｂduｃｔor musｃlｅ外展肌abeｒnaｔｈyｉte 水砷钾铀矿ａbｅｒrａtｉoｎ象差 aｂichite 光线矿 abiogｅｎesis 自然发生abiogenｙ自然发生ａbioｔiｃ faｃtor 非生物因素ablatiｏn 剥蚀ａblatiｏn brｅccia 剥蚀角砾岩ablａtiｏn ｍorａiｎe 消融碛ablation skin 熔蚀皮 ablatｉｏｎtill 消融碛ablyｋite 阿布石 aｂnormａｌ异常得 abnormal inteｒfｅrｅnce colｏr 异常干涉色 abnorｍal metamorphisｍ异常变质酌 abolｉｔion 废除ａbrade 剥蚀 aｂraｓioｎ海蚀 aｂrasｉoｎｐlatｆorｍ磨蚀台地 abrasｉｏn surfａｃe 浪蚀面 abrａｓion terraｃe 磨蚀阶地 aｂraｓioｎn teｓｔ磨耗试验 abrasive 磨料；海蚀得 abrazｉte 多水高岭土 aｂｓarｏｋite 正边玄武岩 abｓitｅ钍钛铀矿 aｂsoｌｕtｅ age 绝对年龄ａｂsoluｔｅ black bodｙ绝对黑体 aｂsｏlｕｔe chronoｌoｇｙ绝对年代学 absｏluｔe dａtｉｎｇ绝对年代测定 absolｕte gｅopoｔenｔial 绝对重力势 absoluｔe porosity 绝对孔隙率 absｏlute ｐressｕre 绝对压力 absoｌutｅｓtｒuctuｒe 绝对构造ａbsoｒbeｄ waｔer 吸附水 abｓoｒbeｎｔ吸收剂 aｂsorber 吸收器 absorbing well 吸水井ａbsorption 吸收ａbsoｒption axis 吸收轴 abｓｏrptioｎｂordｅｒ融蚀缘 absorption ｃｕrve 吸收曲线ａbsorptｉon eｄgｅ吸收端 absoｒptｉon fａctor 吸收率 absoｒpｔiｏn spｅctrum 吸收光谱 abｓｏrｐtiｖe caｐaciｔｙ吸收率 aｂｓorptivｉty 吸收性ａbuｋｕmａlite 铋磷灰石 aｂundanｃｅ丰度ａｂunｄａｎｃe of elｅｍeｎts 元素丰度 abuｎｄaｎce oｆｉsｏｔopes 同位素丰度 aｂundance rａtｉo of isotopeｓ同位素相对丰度 abysｍaｌｄeｐｏsits 深海沉积物 abｙsｓ深海 aｂyssal 深海得 abysｓaｌ benｔhic zone 深渊底栖带 abｙｓsal ｄepoｓｉts 深海沉积物 abyｓsａｌｆacies 深海相 abｙsｓaｌ hills proｖiｎce 深海丘陵区

地质学常用中英文词汇对照表按章节

阐述expound(explain), state 引入introduce into 相应的corresponding 概念conception 概论overview 概率probability 概念化conceptualize 宏观的macroscopic 补充complement 规划plan \ 证明demonstrate, certify, attest 证实confirmation 补偿compensate, make up, imburse 组合式combined type 相互作用interaction 稳定性评价stability evaluation 均质性homogeneity 介质medium 层layer, stratum / 1地形地貌geographic and geomorphic 地形land form 地貌geomorphology, relief 地貌单元landform unit, geomorphic unit 坡度grade 地形图relief map 河谷river valley 河道river course 河床river bed(channel) 冲沟gully, gulley, erosion gully, stream(brook) . 河漫滩floodplain(valley flat) 阶地terrace 冲积平原alluvial plain 三角洲delta 古河道fossil river course, fossil stream channel 冲积扇alluvial fan 洪积扇diluvial fan 分水岭divide 盆地basin 岩溶地貌karst land feature, karst landform & 溶洞solution cave, karst cave 2地层岩性地层geostrome (stratum, strata) 岩性lithologic character, rock property 岩层bed stratum 岩层layer, rock stratum 母岩matrix, parent rock 相变facies change 硬质岩strong rock, film 软质岩weak rock & 硬质的competent 软质的incompetent 基岩bedrock 覆盖层overburden 交错层理cross bedding 层面bedding plane 片理schistosity 层理bedding 波痕ripple-mark 泥痕mud crack @ 雨痕raindrop imprints 造岩矿物rock-forming minerals 粘土矿物clay mineral 高岭土kaolinite 蒙脱石montmorillonite 伊利石illite 云母mica 白云母muscovite 黑云母biotite 石英quartz 】长石feldspar 正长石orthoclase 斜长石plagioclase 辉石pyroxene, picrite 角闪石hornblende 方解石calcite 构造structure 结构texture 组构fabric(tissue) 矿物组成mineral composition 】产状attitude 火成岩igneous 岩浆岩magmatic rock 火山岩（熔岩）lava 火山volcano 侵入岩intrusive(invade) rock 喷出岩effusive rock 深成岩plutonic rock 浅成岩pypabysal rock 酸性岩acid rock ；中性岩inter-mediate rock 基性岩basic rock 超基性岩ultrabasic rock 岩基rock base (batholith)

地质专业英语电子版

The Earth From classical times it has been known that the earth is roughly spherical in shape. Actually the planet is shaped more like a slightly flattened ball whose polar radius is about 21km shorter than its equatorial radius. The average radius is 6371km. The earth’s specific gravity is 5.5. It is 5.5 times as heavy as an equal volume of water. The specific gravity is greater than that of any other planet in the solar system, but not appreciably different from that of Mercury, Venus and Mars. Because the average specific gravity of surface rocks is only about 2.7, the material existing deep within the earth must have a specific gravity well in excess of the 5.5 average. Very likely, the material at the earth’s center has a specific gravity as high as about 15. The splendid photographs of the earth taken from space by Apollo astronauts remind us that our planet is more than a rocky globe orbiting the sun. The patterns of white clouds above the azure blue color tell us of the presence of an atmosphere and hydrosphere. Here and there one can even discern patches of tan that indicates the existence of continents. Greenish hues provide evidence of the planet’s most remarkable feature: there is life on earth. THE A TMOSPHERE We live beneath a thin but vital envelope of gases called atmosphere. We refer to these gases as air. “Pure air”is composed mainly of nitrogen (78.03%) and oxygen 920.99%). The remaining 0.98% of air is made of argon, carbon dioxide and minute quantities of other gases. One of these “other”components found mostly in the upper atmosphere is a form of oxygen called ozone. Ozone absorbs much of the sun’s lethal ultraviolet radiation, and is thus of critical importance organisms on the surface of the earth. Air also contains from 0.1 percent to 5.0 percent of water vapor. However, because this moisture content is so variable, it is not usually included in lists of atmospheric components. Every day, the atmosphere receives radiation from the sun. This solar radiation provides the energy that heats the atmosphere and drives the winds. Distribution of solar radiation is one of the most important factors in determining the various kinds of climate we experience on the earth. THE HYDROSPHERE（水圈） The discontinuous envelope of water that covers 71 percent of earth’s surface is called hydrosphere. It includes the ocean as well as water vapor. The water contained in streams and lakes, water frozen in glaciers, and water that occurs underground in the pores and cavities of rocks. If surface irregularities such as continents and deep oceanic basins and trenches were smoothed out, water would completely cover the earth to a depth of more than two kilometers. Water is an exceedingly important geologic agent. Glacier composed of water in its solid form alter the shape of the land by scouring, transporting and depositing rock debris. Because water has the property of dissolving many natural compounds, it contributes significantly to the decomposition of rocks and, therefore, to the development of soils on which we depend for food. Water moving relentlessly down hill as sheetwash, in rills, and in streams loosens and carries away the particles of rock to lower elevations where they are deposited as layers of sediment. Clearly, the process of sculpturing our landscapes is primarily dependent upon water. By far the greatest part of the hydrosphere is contained within the ocean basins. These basins are of enormous interest to geologists who have discovered that they are not permanent and immobile as once believed, but rather are dynamic and ever changing. There is ample evidence

地理专业词汇英语翻译(45)

地理专业词汇英语翻译(45) 地理专业词汇英语翻译(45)地理专业词汇英语翻译(45)forest vegetation 森林植物群 forest with grass layer 多草森林 forest zone 森林地带 forestry 林学 forestry remote sensing 林业遥感 form 形状 form factor 形状因素 form of poluttants 污染物形态 formaldehyde water pollution 甲醛水污染 format 规格 formation 地层 formation class 群系纲 formation group 群系组 formation heat 形成热 formic acid 甲酸 formlines 地形线 forsterite 镁橄榄石

fort 要塞 fortification 筑城 fortified area 筑城地域forward intersection 前方交会fossil 化石 fossil anomaly 古异常 fossil coenosis 化石群 fossil delta 古三角洲 fossil droppings 粪化石fossil erosion surface 古侵蚀面fossil ice 化石冰 fossil men 化石人 fossil penenplain 古准平原fossil plant 植物化石 fossil pollen 花粉化石 fossil pteridophytes 化石蕨fossil soil 埋藏土壤 fossil soil method 古土壤法fossil soils 古土壤 fossil species 化石种fossilisation 化石化 foul land 污秽地

石油地质学常用专业英语词汇.

abbreviate v.缩写，简写abno rmally ad.异常地 abrupt v. 突然的 absolute porosity绝对孔隙度access n接近，进入accumulate v.聚集accumulation n.聚集acquisition n.获取，采集acromagnetic a.航空磁测的acyclic a.无环的 admixture n.混合,混合物aeolian a.风成的,风积的aerobic a.喜氧的 affinity n. 亲合力,亲合性 aformentioned a.上述的，上面提到的agency n.因素，营力，作用agglomeration n. 结块，凝聚aggregated gas R集型气 agitated a.搅动过摇过的 agitation n. 搅拌,搅动 aircraft n. 飞机,航空器 algae藻类 aliphatic a. 脂肪类的 alkane 链烷 alka ne n.烷烃，链烷 alke ne n.烯烃 alkylaromatic a. 烷基芳烃的 alkylate v. 烷基化

allochthonous a.外来的，异地的 alluvial fan 冲积扇 alteration n. 蚀变作用 ambie nt a.周围的 ambiguity n.含糊，模棱两可ambiguous a.意思含糊的，模棱两可的ami no acids 氨基酸 ammonite n. 菊石 amorphous a.非晶质的，无一定方向的amphibolite n.角闪石 amplitude n. 幅度,振幅 analogous a类似的，模拟的 angular a.棱角状的，带角的anhydrite n.硬石膏 anomoly n. 异常,变异 anoxic a. 缺氧的 an teisoalka ne n.反异构烷烃 an thracite n.无烟煤 anticline n. 背斜 antiform n. 背斜构造 aperture n 孔，孔眼 apparent molecular weight表观分子量aquatic a.水的,水生的 arago nite n霰石

2019年地理词汇英语翻译(L开头)-文档资料

地理词汇英语翻译(L开头) labradorite 拉长石 laccolite 岩盘 laccolith 岩盘 lack 缺乏 lactate 乳酸盐 lactic acid 乳酸 lactic acid bacteria 乳酸菌 lactic acid fermentation 乳酸发酵lactose 乳糖 lacustrine deposits 湖积物 lacustrine soil 湖积土 lacustrine terrace 湖平原 ladar 激光雷达 ladar scanning 雷达扫描 lagoon 泻湖 lagoon coast 泻湖海岸 lagoon deposits 泻湖沉积 lagoon sediment 泻湖沉积物 lahar 火山泥溜 lake 湖 lake basin 湖盆

lake chalk raw soil 湖积白垩粗质土 lake landscape 湖泊景观 lake of cold air 冷空气湖 lake plain 湖平原 lake sediment anomaly 湖积物异常 lake terrace 湖阶地 lake type 湖泊型 lakeside 湖岸 lambert orthomorphic conical projection 兰勃特等角圆锥投影 lambert's azimuthal projection 兰勃特方位投影lamella 壳层 lamellar structure 薄层状结构 lamina 薄片 laminar boundary layer 层吝界层 laminar flow 层流 laminated clay 层状粘土 laminated moor 层状泥炭 laminated rock 页岩 lamination of maps 图面贴膜 lamprophyre 煌斑岩 land and sea breeze 海陆风

地理相关英语词汇

地理相关英语词汇 --------------------------------------------------------- abandoned land 弃耕地 abiltic factor 非生物因素；非生命因素 abiotic environment 非生物环境；非生命环境 ablation 消融〔作用〕 Abney level 手水准仪 aborigine 土著 abrasion (corrasion) 磨蚀〔作用〕刻蚀〔作用〕 abrasion (wave-cut) platform 海蚀平台 absolute humidity 绝对湿度 absolute instability 绝对不稳定〔状态〕 absolute stability 绝对稳定〔状态〕 absolute temperature 绝对温度 absorption 吸收〔作用〕 abyssal region 深海区 acacia 合欢树 Acacia confusa 台湾相思 accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀 accessibility 可达度；能达度 acclimatization 气候适应 accordant drainage 协调水系；调和水系 accretion 加积〔作用〕 accumulated temperature 积温 acid lava 酸性熔岩 acid rain 酸雨 acid soil 酸性土壤 acidic rock 酸性岩 acidity (1) 酸度，(2) 酸性 activated sludge 活性污泥 active layer 活动层；活土层 active recreation 主动性康乐 active volcano 活火山

地质专业词汇中英文对照

一、地层stratigraphy 宇eonothem 界erathem 系system 统series 阶stage 群group 组formation 段member 显生宇Phaneozoic Eonothem 元古宇Proterozoic Eonothem 太古宇Archaean Eonothem 新生界Cenozoic Erathem 第四系Quaternary System 全新统Holocene Series 更新统Pleistocene Series 第三系Tertiary System 晚第三系Neogene System 上新统Pliocene Series 中新统Miocene Series 早第三系Paleogene System 渐新统Oligocene Series 始新统Eocene Series 古新统Paleocene Series 中生界Mesozoic Erathem 白垩系Cretaceous System 侏罗系Jurassic System

三叠系triassic System 古生界Paleozoic Erathem 二叠系Permian System 石炭系Carboniferous System 泥盆系Devonian System 志留系Silurian System 奥陶系Ordovician System 寒武系Cambrian System 新元古界Neoproterozoic Erathem 震旦系Sinian System 中元古界Mesoproterozoic Erathem 古元古界Palaeoproterozoic Erathem 地层对比stratigraphic correlation 层位horizon 标志层key bed 哑层barren bed 缺失lacuna 尖灭feather edge 透镜状结构lensoid 连续continuity 不连续discontinuity 整合conformity 不整合unconformity 角度不整合angular unconformity 平行不整合para-unconformity 产状occurrence 走向strike

地理专业词汇英语翻译(M)

地理专业词汇英语翻译(M) 地理专业词汇英语翻译(M) maar 低平火山口 macedonite 方假象橄玄岩 maceration 浸渍 machine proof 开印样 macro aggregate 大团聚体 macroclimate 大气候 macroclimatology 大气候学 macrometeorology 大气象学 macromolecule 大分子 macrophage 巨噬细胞 macrophyte 大型植物

macroplankton 大型浮游生物macroporosity 大孔隙度 macrorelief 大区地形 macrotherm 高温植物 maelstrom 大涡流 mafite 镁铁矿物 magazine 暗匣 magenta contact screen 品红接触网目片maghemite 磁赤铁矿 magma 岩浆 magma chamber 岩浆储源

magma reservoir 岩浆储源 magmatic assimilation 岩浆同化酌magmatic differentiation 岩浆分异酌magmatic evolution 岩桨进化magmatic migration 岩浆迁移magmatic rock 岩浆岩 magmatic segregation 岩浆分结酌magmatic water 岩浆水 magmatism 岩浆酌 magnesian limestone 含镁石灰岩magnesian skarn 镁质夕卡

magnesioferrite 镁铁矿magnesite 菱镁矿 magnesite deposit 菱镁矿床magnesium 镁 magic action 磁酌 magic amplifier 磁放大器magic anisotropy 磁力蛤异性magic anomaly 地磁异常magic attraction 磁吸引力magic axis 磁轴 magic azimuth 磁方位角