某高中2018年自主招生题目(数理化) 精品推荐

2018 届初中生文化素养面试题

语言部分（共60分）

一、语文积累与运用（8分）

1．从语文学习与运用的角度看，你认为使用下列商品“幌子”用语好不好？简要说说理由。（3分）空调——适而无汗蚊香片——默默无蚊

茶杯——有杯无患洗衣机——闲妻良母

2．仿照下列句子中第②句的句式和修辞方法，仍以“她”为开头，在后面的横线上补写句子。（3分）①春姑娘迈着轻盈的步履款款而行。

②她携着神奇的小花篮，把五彩的鲜花撒向山坡，撒向田野；

她，，；

她，，；

她，，。3．为下面这则消息拟一个标题，字数不超过15个。（2 分）

为期两天的大运河申请世界遗产工作会议昨在扬州闭幕。200多名来自大运河沿线8省、30多个城市的相关负责人会聚扬州，就大运河保护与申遗展开了深层探讨。经过33个运河城市代表的反复讨论，大会拟定了大运河申遗时间表。

根据大会讨论敲定的大运河申遗时间表，三个月内提出并确认大运河管理规划编制具体要求，再通过一年半时间普查并编制市级和省级规划，然后在一年内确定国家申报单位，并形成总体汇总规划和文本，第四至六年向联合国教科文组织正式提请申报，期待申报获

读下面的文言文，完成4—7题。

窃糟（刘基）

客有好佛者，每与人论道理①，必以其说驾②之，欣欣然自以为有独得焉。郁离子③谓之曰：“昔者鲁人不能为酒唯中山之人善酿千日之酒鲁人求其方④弗得。有仕⑤于中山者，主酒家，取其糟归，以鲁酒渍之，谓人曰‘中山之酒也’，鲁人饮之，皆以为中山之酒也。一日，酒家之主者来，闻有酒，索而饮之，吐而笑曰：‘是余之糟液也。’今子以佛夸予，可也；吾恐真佛之笑子窃其糟也。”（选自《郁离子》）

【注释】①道理：这里指宋元道学、理学。②驾：驾驭、统摄。③郁离子：原为刘基所著书的书名，这里借为作者自称。④方：酒方。⑤仕：做官。

4．用“//”给下面的文字断句。（2分）

昔者鲁人不能为酒唯中山之人善酿千日之酒鲁人求其方弗得5．下列对句中加点词的解释不正确的一项是（）。（2分）

A．主．酒家（主持，掌管） B．以鲁酒渍．之（浸）

C．索．而饮之（索取） D．今子以佛夸．予（夸奖）

6．用现代汉语写出文中画线句的意思。（3分）

7．《窃糟》一文讽刺了什么样的人？（3分）

三、现代文阅读（12分）

阅读下文，完成8－11题。

书斋——中国文人的精神家园（凝石）

在中国传统宅院中，除祖堂外，另一个重要的精神场所便是书斋，但祖堂大多和中堂合一，所以，大体上书斋是民居之中惟有的精神场所。书斋一般位于宅院的僻静之处，如有后花园，必与之相邻，成为营造书斋高雅恬淡的良好环境的重要因素。

书斋是文化传承的汇集点。书籍是前人社会经验的总结，书籍是民族历史文化的结晶。书斋的主体——读书人或学问人，在这里藏书，在这里读书，在这里思索。文化在这里汇集，文化在这里传承。之所以有“秀才不出门，全知天下事”之说，就是因为以往优秀的文化，在这里以研读、考证、校注、阐发的方式得以传承，中华民族的文明之光在这里化整为零，熊熊燃烧，然后又影响社会的发展和进程，使文化得到最好的传承和发展。可以这样比喻：因为当时国家没有社会科学院，而许多个体存在并发挥作用的书斋联合起来，实际上就起到了社科院的作用，而且国家不用投资。诸葛亮的“茅庐”，造就了蜀国鞠躬尽瘁的宰相。刘备“三顾茅庐”，获得了人才和天下大计，丰富了经天纬地、威武雄壮、扣人心弦、传播不息的“三国演义”。民族的许多文化经典在这里得到了继承和弘扬。

书斋又是个性创造的发酵池。书斋是个人的领地，在封建社会，无论是官场还是社会，乃至家庭，一定要遵循“君君、臣臣、父父、子子”三纲五常的约束。当一个知识分子回到书房，虽然仍有强大的封建社会的伦理规范融合在书籍的字里行间，但躯体和大脑毕竟属于自己，书斋的主人得到了个性施展的空间，于是，他们的创造力得以迸发，从而产生出新的思想，创造出新的艺术。可以说，知识分子在继承前人精华的基础上，结合自己的现实经历，加上自己的文学艺术劳动，在书斋里融合、发酵，最后，酝酿出崭新的、清醇的、甘洌的美酒。这些美酒不断地融进整体的民族文化，使得文化发展的链条上，不断有闪动的灵光。如王维在“辋川山庄”写就的如画诗歌、黄公望开山水画之宗的《江山万里图》、曹雪芹的堪称百科全书的《红楼梦》、严复启迪国人的《天演论》、鲁迅振聋发聩的《狂人日记》、徐悲鸿歌颂民族精神的《愚公移山》，真是不胜枚举。

（选自2007年第2期《新华文摘》）

8．联系上下文，细读文中画线的语句，然后填空。（3分）

①“熊熊燃烧”在这里的意思是。

②在书斋里“融合、发酵”的“原料”是、和；“美酒”指的是。

9．在书斋里，知识分子为什么能“创造力得以迸发”？（3分）

10．阅读全文，说说作者从哪些方面来论述“书斋是中国文人的精神家园”的。（3分）

11．文章结尾说“这些美酒不断地融进整体的民族文化，使得文化发展的链条上，不断有闪动的灵光”，请从王维、曹雪芹、鲁迅三个例子中任选一个，说说他的作品在文化发展的链条上闪动着怎样的灵光。（3分）

四、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

What does “getting along with your teacher” mean?

“Getting along” means you and your teacher have a relationship that works for both of you, and that you both get what you ________(1) from the relationship. For your teacher, he or she wants to make ________(2) you are careful, being respectful and polite, and ________(3) your

best to learn. For you, you want a teacher who respects you, answers your questions, and tries to ________(4) you learn. You can get along with your teacher and learn without being friends with him or her, although it’s _________(5) if that happens.

In every school, kids say some teachers are too strict or serious, but don’t judge a teacher

________(6) you are in his or her class and can see for yourself. Most of time, your teacher is on your ________(7). And a teacher who’s strict may be someone who ________(8) to do his or her job well---- teaching you the subject you should learn. It’s also ________(9) to remember that making mistakes is a part of learning. By pointing out your mistakes and helping you

________(10) them, a teacher is teaching you.

( ) 1. A. own B. need C. wonder D. hate

( ) 2. A. natural B. real C. sure D. right

( ) 3. A. working B. trying C. taking D. carrying

( ) 4. A. warn B. help C. guide D. encourage

( ) 5. A. well B. wrong C. nice D. unusual

( ) 6. A. since B. until C. when D. after

( ) 7. A. space B. team C. side D. place

( ) 8. A. fails B. agrees C. affords D. expects

( ) 9. A. important B. successful C. terrible D. possible

( ) 10. A. correct B. reach C. practice D. receive

五、短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分）

Thanks for your message. Yes, I’m having a great time on my exchange program in France. It’s even ________(11) than I thought it would be. I was a bit _________(12) before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice. They go out of their way to make me feel at home. And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has __________(13)! I’m very comfortable speaking French now. __________(14) I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t bother me like it used to. My __________(15) challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. As you can ________(16), things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you’re not supposed to put your bread on your plate. You’re supposed to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it. You’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands __________(17) bread, not even fruit! (You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.) Another thing is that it is very rude to say you’re full. If you don’t want any more food, you should just say, “It was __________(18).” Also, it’s rude to put your hands in your lap. You should always __________(19) your hands, but not your elbows, on the table. I have to say, I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to things and don’t find them so strange any more.

I’ll write soon and tell you more _________(20) life in France. Hope you’re having a good school year.

Wang Kun

六、阅读理解（共5小题，每小题2分；满分10分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A famous teacher was to the students at the school. He began his lessons by holding a ￥100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, “ Who would like this ￥100 bill?” All the students put up their hands at once.

Then he said, “I’m going to give this ￥100 to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He made the bill into a ball. He said, “Who wants it now?” The hands went back into the air.

“Well,” he said, “What if I do this?” and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up the dirty, crumpled(弄皱的) bill and said, “who still wants it?” Hands went back into the air.

“My friends,” he said, “you have learned a valuable lesson today. No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it did not go down in value. It was still worth ￥100! Many times in our lives, we are dropped, crumpled and stepped on by the chances we take and the things that we meet. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those people who love you. Your value doesn’t come from what you do or whom you know, but WHO YOU ARE! You are special and valuable. Don’t ever forget it!”

( ) 21. Your value doesn’t come from what you do but ________.

A. who you are

B. whom you know

C. who made you

D. whom you remember

( ) 22. Even though it was dirty, the money ________.

A. still went up in value

B. was worth nothing

C. was still ours

D. didn’t go down in value

( ) 23. The sentence “The hands went back into the air” means ________.

A. the students put down their hands

B. the students put up their hands again

C. the students put their hands behind their backs

D. the students put their hands in front of them

( ) 24. Put the following sentences in the right order.

a. picked up the dirty bill

b. made the bill into a ball

c. stepped on the bill

d. dropped the bill on the floor

A. a—b—c—d

B. c—d—a—b

C. b—d—c—a

D. d—c—b—a

( ) 25. why did the famous teacher use a ￥100 bill at this lesson?

A. Because he wanted to make his students know what value was.

B. Because he was going to give the bill to one of the students.

C. Because he wanted to make the bill into a ball.

D. Because he used to drop a bill on the floor and step on it.

数学部分（共80分）

一、选择题（本大题共有6小题，每小题5分共计30分，每小题只有一个选项正确）1．如图是一个正方体的表面展开图，已知正方体相对两个面上的数值相同，且不相对两个面上的数值不相同，则“★”面上的数为（）

A．1 B．1或2 C．2 D．2或3

2．小明早晨从家里出发出门晨练，他没有间断

的匀速跑了20 min后回到家．已知小明在整个

晨练途中，他出发后t min时，他所在的位置与

家的距离为s km，且s与t之间的函数关系图

像如图中的折线段OA-AB-BC所示．则下列图

形中可大致表示小明晨练路线的是（）