四级常考语法结构
四级常考语法结构
1. Be about to do sth
be about to-V - be on the point of doing sth；just going to do sth"即将，就要"：
Her father is about to retire．As I was about to say when you interrupted me．
2. all but
(1)." all but十形容词（或用在谓语动词前）"= very nearly；almost几乎，差不多；
(2)."all but+名词"= all except "除……外都"：
Crows all but destroyed a farmer's field of corn.
The hikers were exhausted and all but frozen when they were found．
All but John were present．
3. for all : in spite of "尽管"：
He did not do well in the race，for all his training.
For all his money，he was very unhappy．
4. alternative n．----"选择，替代办法"，
注意下面成语的习惯用法："have no alternative but to do"
There's no alternative but to fight．I had no alternative but to walk out．
5. and ----用在省略if的特殊条件句中：
※Five minutes earlier，we could have caught the last train．a．and b．but c．or d．so
※Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy, balanced families. a. are often seeing b. will often see c. often see d. have often seen
6. anything but - not at all；far from"根本不，一点不"，作表语，but后面可以跟名词、形容词或过去分词：He's anything but lazy/a hero.
The bridge is anything but safe/finished.
※Alone in a deserted house，he was so busy with his research work that he felt _______ lonely．a．nothing but b．anything but c．all but d．everything but
7. as（四级考试频度很大的几个用法）
(1).引导让步状语从句（通常可以用though替换），使用下面句型：Ⅰ. "形容词／副词十as ＋主语十谓语：Y oung as I am，I know some of the family secrets．
Much as like her，I will not marry her．
Some members of the staff couldn't handle the case，hard as they tried．
Ⅱ"原形动词十as十主语十may／might／will／would"：
Try as he would，he could not lift the rock．
There was not a soul to be found in the house，search as they would．
(2).作关系代词，使用下面句型：
Ⅰ."such…as"（as在此接近于who/that/which）：
Such women as Tom knew thought he was charming. I never heard such stories as he tells.
He never hesitates to make such criticisms as are considered helpful to others．
It wasn't such a good dinner___she had promised us．a．that b．which c．as d．what
Ⅱ. 用在"the same…as"句型中：He doesn't believe the same things as you do．
(3)．用在"as＋be动词十表语"从句中，表示"正如"：He is absent，as is often the case．Freddie，as might be expected，was attending the conference．
As was expected，he performed the task with success．
※______ is known to the world，Mark Twain is a great American writer.
a．That b．Which c．As d．It
※_____ is generally accepted，economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production．
a．What b．That c．It d．As
(4)．as：David is tall，as are my brothers．
The Second World War，as did the earlier one of 1914，prompted public concern about a physical and Intellectual well－being of the country's human resources．第二次世界大战，正如早些时候1914年的那次一样，立即引起了公众对这个国家人力资源的身心健康的关注。
(5) ．as用于省略句，引起分词短语作状语：
As expected，the forestation movement rapidly spread．It usually happens as described above．He had failed to visit her as promised．
※His first novel "Night" was an account of the Nazi crimes ____ through the eyes of a teenaged boy．a．as seen b．which saw c．but was seen d．and were seen
(6)．用于as much…as；not so much…as"或"not so／as十形容词十as"句式中：
He said the situation there was not so bad as had been painted．
The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things as to teach the art of learning．学校教育的伟大作用与其说是教给你东西，还不如说是教给你如何学习的技能。He is not so much a writer as a reporter．
They were expected to be models of virtue，honored as much for their character as for their learning．人们期望他们成为美德的典范，不但因为他们的学识，而且因为他们的品德而受到敬重。
(7)．用于as if/as though引导的省略句中：He paused as if expecting Lenny to speak．
The boy turned，as if awakened from some dream。
He opened his mouth as if to speak something．He glanced as if in search of something．(8)．用在"just as…，so…"结构中：
Just as you hate Mr Green, so I dislike his wife. ※As is the father, so is the son.
※Just as the soil is part of the earth，________ the atmosphere．
a．as it is b．the same is c．so is d．and so is
※Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks，______ the experienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words．a．so b．as c．thus d．like
带as 的一些习语，as long as, so long as, as soon as, as if (though), as regards, as to, as for, as well, as well as, so as to, so…as to…….
8. before 相当于and then，汉语常译为"然后；才"：
I must finish my work before go home．It was several years before we met again．
He had to be called two or three times before he would come to his dinner．
The farmer decided to drive the cows away before they made more damage to the crops．
※A man escaped from the prison last night．It was a long time_______ the guards discovered what had happened．
a．before b．until c．since d．when
※Scientists say it may be five or ten years _____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A. since b. before c. after d. when（注：before的这一用法经常考试）
9. but for ----用于虚拟语气中，表示"若非"，相当于if not，后面跟名词；还可用but that引导一个从句，陈述具体事实：
※He might have been killed the arrival of the police．
a．except for b．but for c．with d．fo r
※______ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
a. In spite of
b. But for
c. Because of
d. As for
10. but that
but that ---- 用在虚拟语气中，but that从句谓语用陈述语气，陈述具体事实，表示"倘没有，若不是"：He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.
but that 还用在"（It is）not that…but that…"句式中,表示"不是因为…而是因为…"：
Not that John doesn't want to help you, but that it's beyond his power.
11. can／could
can／could ----Ⅰ．"can't…too""怎么也不为过'：
※Y ou can't be _____ careful in making the decision as it is such a critical case．
a．quite b．very c．too d．so
Ⅱ．"can't/couldn't+比较级"表示"不可能再"，实际上等于"最……"：The earthquake could not
have come at a worse time for the war-torn country.
Ⅲ．"can't/couldn't+完成式"用于推断过去"不可能发生了某事"：
※Mary my letter，otherwise she would have replied before now．a．has received b. ought to
have received c. couldn't have received d. shouldn't have received
※Comrade Li _____ be in Beijing because I saw him in town only a few minutes ago．a．mustn't b．can't c．may not d．isn't able to
12.cannot help-ing ----"禁不住，忍不住；避免不了"：
I couldn't help overhearing what he said. We couldn't help their seeing us．
13. cannot help but do -----"不由得，不能不"（与cannot help-ing基本同义）：Y ou can't help but respect them．（注：在这个句式中，还可以把help省略掉，意思不变，如上面的句子也可改变为：Y ou cannot but respect them．）
14. cannot choose but do ----注意choose后面习惯上跟不带to的不定式，表示"没有别的办法，
只好"；He cannot choose but obey．
15. choice ----注意choice在下面句型中的用法：
Ⅰ．"have no choice but to do"或"There's no choice for sb but to do""没有别的办法，只好"（注意but后面的不定式必须带to）：We had no choice but to do what we were asked．我们不得不做要求我们做的工作。
Ⅱ．"have no other choice than to do""没有别的选择，只好"：
※The beaten enemy had no other choice than ．
a．surrender b．surrendering c．to surrender d．to be surrendered
16．do more than do
----注意than后面习惯上跟不带to的不定式，表示"不仅仅，不单单，不只是"：
※In the course of a day students do far more than Just classes．
a. attend
b. attended
c. to attend
d. attending
Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating．
17．do nothing but（do）----"仅仅（做），只（做），除……外什么都不（做）"：Lots of empty
bottles were found under the old man's bed．He must have done nothing but _____ （drink）．
※So there was nothing for them to do ______ their places at the end of It．
a．except take b．but take c．besides take d．but to take
18. do nothing else than (do) ---- 注意：do nothing后面用了else后就要用than而不再用but, 但than后面同样用不带to的不定式：
※He sat there, doing nothing else ______.
a. but to laugh
b. than laughing
c. than laugh
d. but laughed
但注意下面这个句子：He had nothing else to do except to return/than to return to his hot room..
19. either…or ----"或是……或是……；不是……就是…"。
Either Tim or his brothers have to shovel the snow．
Either you must improve your work or shall dismiss you．
※I was advised _____ for reservations．
a．to either telephone or to write the hotel． b. either to telephone or to write the hotel
c. that I should telephone or to write the hotel
d. I ought either to telephone or write the hotel
20. given（that）一"在有……的情况下；如果有……；假定……；考虑到……"：
Given good health，I hope to finish the work this year．I'd come and see you in Austria，given the chance．Given their inexperience／that they are inexperienced，they've done a good job．21. good/point/sense/use -ing ----
It's no good my arguing with you.
22. have: have十复合结构---- have sb do sth；have sb／sth－lug；have sth done
※They'll ______have you if you don't pay your taxes．
a．to be arrested b．arrest c．arrested d．being arrested
I didn't understand what the teacher said，and had him explain it again to me．
23. in that……----此为复合连词，相当于because引导的原因状语从句，考试频度极大.
※Liquids are like solids _____ they have a definite volume．
a．with that b．for that c．in that d．at that
※Britain's press is unusual _____ it is divided into two very different types of newspaper：the quality press and the popular press．a．in how b．in what c．in which d．in that
※Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe ______ it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced. a．so that b．but that c．in that d．provided that 24. the instant/the moment +从句---相当于as soon as "一……（就）"：
She must have dashed out the instant I grabbed the phone.
Y ou must behave like a guest the instant you set foot on a foreign soil．
25. know better than（to do）----be wise or experienced enough not to do sth很懂得……不会……／不该（做某事）
Y ou ought to know better than to stay away from school.
He knew better than to mention the subject to her．
※Tom _____ better than to ask Dick for help．
a．shall know b．shouldn't know c．has known d．should have known
26．less ----用在下面成语中：even／much／still less"更不用说，更别提"（用在否定的陈述句之后）：The baby can't even walk，much less run．
I can't run a hundred yards，even less a mile．
※He knows little of mathematics，and of chemistry．a．even more b．still less c．no less d．still more
27. lest ----"唯恐，免得"（从句谓语多用should，有时可用动词原形）：
They spoke in whispers lest they should be heard．
28. The driver looked over the engine carefully lest it should go wrong on the way．
29. let alone ----"更别提"（多用于否定句之后，与even／much／still less的用法基本相同）：
I had never seen him, let alone spoken to him.
The baby can't even walk, let alone run.
30. no more than
(1). 用于"no more than+钱数/名词"，"仅仅，只，只不过"，表示说话者认为太少，不满意：He gave me no more than＄10．He is no more than a puppet．
(2)."no more…than"；。"not any more than""A像B一样不……；A和B一样都不…"：He is no more a god than we are．（或）He is not a god any more than we are．
※The heart is_______ intelligent than the stomach，for they are both controlled by the brain．a．not so b．not much c．much more d．no more
与no more…than意思相反的结构是no less…than"不亚于，与……同样好"：
※Sunlight is ______ necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition of body．a．less b．no less much c. no much d．no more
31. no other than／none other than ----用于强调，表示惊奇，"不是别人而正是……"：
The stranger was none other than my old friend John.
It is no other than/none other than old Mr．Smith．
32. not that…，but that…----"并非因为…，而是因为…"：
Not that John doesn't want to help you, but that it's beyond his power.
33. not just…，but rather ----"不仅仅…而主要是…"：Everyone works several hours each day．The aim is not just to keep busy but rather to find meaning and enjoyment in work．
34. now that…----"既然，由于"：now that的考试频度也很大。
※____ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
a．For now b．Now that c．Ever since d．By now
※＿we have all the materials ready，we should begin the new task at once．
a．Since that b．Since now c．By now d．Now that
35．on／upon ----(1)．"on十动名词（或表示动作意义的名词）"，该结构表示此动作一发生，句子谓语的动作就接着发生，可译为"-……（就……）"：
※_____ my return, I learned that Prof. Smith had been at the museum and would not be back for several hours．a．At b．On c．With d．During
(2) ．"on+（表示动作意义的）名词"，这一结构所表达的意思相当于与该名词同源的动词的现在分词，表示"正在……"（The production is on the decline（一declining）．
常见的与on搭配的名词有：on the increase; on the decrease; on the run; on the rise; on the boil; on the move; on the watch等。
36. only ----(1)．"only too十形容词（或过去分词）"（＝very），表所"非常"：
I shall be only too pleased to come．The news was only too true.
(2)．"if only"引导虚拟条件句，表示"但愿，要是……就好了"：
If only he would stop talking! If only I had followed your advice!
(3)."only that"（=but that）"只是，要不是"：I would do it with pleasure, only (that) I am too busy.
(4)."only to-V"用在谓语动词后，表示后来发生了事先没有料到的事情（这一用法也常考）：After twenty years abroad, William came back only to find his hometown severely damaged in an earthquake. We rushed to the airport only to find the plane flying away.
(5)."not only…but also""不仅…而且"(not only放在句首时需要用倒装句；另外要注意not only…but also引导的成分要对等)：Not only did he speak more correctly, but (also) he spoke more easily.
37. rather ---- (1)."would/had rather…than"或"rather than…would"表示"宁愿…而不愿"：
She would rather have the small one than the large one.
※I'd rather you ______ those important documents with you.
A. not take b. don't take c. won't take d. didn't take
(2)．"rather than"或"rather…than""是……而不是……；应……而不应……;宁愿……而不愿……：He ran rather walked．This is rather for father to decide than for you．
※We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style___ in a personal style．a．rather than b．other than c．better than d．less than
※Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people _____ harm them. A. more than b. other than c. rather than d. better than
(3)．"or rather""更确切些说"（用于更正前面说的话）：He arrived very late last night，or rather in the early hours this morning.
38. with: with十复合结构---- With后面可跟带现在分词、过去分词方。不定式和介词短语等各种复合结构，有时称为with独立结构，作状语，表示原因、方式或伴随状态：
I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill．All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. I can't go out with all these dishes to wash．He was asleep with his head on his arms．With John away，we've got more room．
Worth: worth ----作形容词，可表示"值…钱，相当于……价值的"；"值得……的"（注：worth 作形容词只用于作表语，它后面跟动名词形式实际相当于该动词的被动态）：
The book is well worth reading．
As your instructor advised，you ought to spend your time on something ______ researching into． a. precious b. worth c. worthy d. valuable
39. worthwhile ----"值得（花时间）做的，有价值的"：a worthwhile experiment值得做的实验；The visit to Pairs was worthwhile．The effort seemed worthwhile to French decision－makers．※They did not find ______ to prepare for the worst conditions they might meet．a．worth their while b．it worthwhile c. it worth d. it worthy
※It's not worth while to lose/losing your temper.不值得生气。）
40. worthy of ----"值得的，配得上的"；"有优点的，值得尊敬的"
He is a teacher worthy of great respect．She is not worthy to talk to a man like you．
41. soon (1). no sooner…than --- 一……就；刚…便：No sooner had we reached the top of the hill ___＿we all sat down to rest．a．when b．then c．than d．until (2)."would (just) as soon…(as)" ---"宁愿"：I would (just) as soon stay at home (as go for a walk). I'd just as soon ______ rudely to her a. that you won't speak b. your not speaking
c. you not speak
d. you didn't speak
(3)."would sooner…than" --- "宁愿…而不愿"：
He would sooner resign than take part in such dishonest business deals.
42. than ----后面可以跟一个省略主语而只保留系词和表语的省略句，这种句式常考：
※We often advise him not to drink more wine ___ is good for his health．
a．as b．but c．that d．than
※The protect requires more labor than_________ because it is extremely difficult．
a．has been put in b. have been put in c. being put in d. to be put in
There were more casualties than was reported（＝than it was reported there were）．
※There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than_____ in the public mind today．a．exists b．exist c．existing d．existed
四六级考试常考重点英语语法汇总
四六级考试常考英语语法 一．定语从句 引导定语从句的有关系代词as，who，whom，whom，which，that和关系副词when，where，why等。 1.as引导定语从句 （1）as引导定语从句，相当于which。 如I am from shanghai，as/which you know。 但as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which不能； 例：As you know，I am from shanghai。 } （2）as可作为关系代词来引导定语从句，既可以单独引导从句，又可以与主句中的the same 或such 相呼应，从句中的谓语动词常省略。 2.关系代词that与which用法区别： （1）which可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，that则不能； （2）which之前可以有介词，that之前则不能； （3）只能用that，而不能用which的主要情形： ——当先行词是all，anything，few，little，much，none，nothing，something 等不定代词时； ——当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时； ——当先行词被the very，the only等词修饰时。 ; 例：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems to which they have not found solutions so far。 二．状语从句 1. 让步状语从句
（1）由no matter + wh-疑问词【no matter what】和wh-疑问词+ever 【whatever】。但wh-疑问词+ever【whatever】引导的名词从句则不能用no matter替换。 Take the coat ，no matter what coat it is / whatever coat it is . （2）No matter whether…or…结构中可将no matter省略，形成whether…or…或whether…or not 引导选择条件句。 例；The substance does not dissolve in water whether {it is}heated or not。 2．条件状语从句 】 翻译条件状语从句时，要注意时态的选择。 例；Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is convenient for you。条件状语从句，用if引导；主句是祈使句，相当于将来时态，故从句应用一般现在时。 3. 时间状语从句 例；We do not know it until a doctor discovered it by chance。 4. 原因状语从句 常见引导原因状语从句的引导词有；because，as，now that/since， in that 等。 三．名词性从句 1. 主语从句 ） 汉语中的“的”字结构可译成英语的主语从句，用what引导，相当于the thing that。 例：What many people have not realized is that read books is a insteresting thing。 2. 表语从句 In my seventies，one change I notice is that I am more easily to get tired than before。
英语四级语法常考句型
英语四级语法常考句型 来源: 听力课堂作者:Lisa 更新日期：2011-06-09 浏览: 157次虽然语法题彻底退出了英语四级的舞台，但这并不意味着四级考生可以忽视语法的重要性。本文列举了一些英语四级考试中常考的句型，供广大四级考生备考。 1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2、强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us. 3、"All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5、"something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似。" They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7、as…as…can(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8、"It is in(with)…as in(with)" It is in life as in a journey. 9、"as good as…"相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。
英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析
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英语专业四级考试必考语法9-情态动词
Modal Verbs 情态动词 情态动词 ?表示说话的语气或情态。情态动词本身有词义，但不完全，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词一起构成谓语。 ?情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 ?大多数情态动词有过去式。 主要情态动词 ?Can ?May ?Will ?Must ?Shall ?Need ?Dare ?Had better ?Would sooner ?Would as soon ?Could ?Might ?Would ?Have to ?Should ?Ought to ?Used to ?Would rather ?might as well 情态动词问题解析: may be & maybe ?May be （可能是）--- maybe （或许）（副词） ?The news may be true. ?Maybe the news is true. ?She may be waiting for you at home. ?Maybe she is waiting for you at home. May not & can not may not 译为“可能不”、“也许不会”而非“不可以”。“不可以”为must not或can…t（不许，不可以）。---May I smoke here? ---No, you mustn?t. /you can?t /you can not. The news may not be true. You mustn?t move any of the papers on the desk. Can & be able to
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英语四级考试重点语法精选汇总
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英语四级名词语法题目
英语四级名词语法题目
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示“奖，奖品，奖金”；prize的含义与award非常相似，也表示因出众的表现而获得的“奖品，奖金”，经常与某次考试、竞赛相联系；compensation 表示“补偿，赔偿” 3Drive straight ahead，and then you will see a to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway. A.sign B. mark C.signal D.board 【详解】答案为A，直接向前开，然后你会看见一个路标指向上海一南京高速公路。sign“标记，记号，征兆”，尤指标准化的、复杂的或记号的形状本身带有指向意义的符号，还可指手势。在本甸用作“路标”这种标准化且带有形状含义的标记，符合题意。mark“标志，痕迹，记号”；signal“信号”，通常指特定情况下对有关人员发出的声音或行为；board“(供特殊用途的)木板”。 二名词单复数 4“Look! The police ________ here to keep order! Go away quickly,” one of them shouted. A. is coming B. comes C. are coming D. has come
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英语专业四级语法和词 汇总结 集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#
but意为“仅仅，只不过”；anything but意为“除…以外的任何事”；none other than 意为“不是别人，正是…”；no more than意为“不过，仅仅”。 . taxes B. payment付款 C. fees手续费、入场费、会费 D. premium津贴酬金 3. A. display展示型表演 B. performance文艺表演C. show展览会 D. exhibition销售性质的展览会 4. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____going on in the world. A. it is B. as is C. there is 在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则关系代词便可省略 D. what is 5. A. set out?开始as/in/on B. set off使做某事 C. set up开业,开始经商 D. set about开始、着手 6. proliferation?扩散fair庙会、交易会 7. tumble to 突然察觉 come to意为“降临，发生 8. understand better than...意为“对…非常理解” 9. go with意为“与…相配”；go by意为“根据…作出判断”；go through意为“通过；经历”；go out意为“过时” go into意为“叙述；讨论 10. on principle意为“根据行为准则；按照原则”；in principle意为“原则上；基本上；大体上”。for与by不与principle搭配。 11. take over意为“接收，接管”；take up意为“开始采用；采取，承担”；take off意为“脱去；拿掉”；take to意为“开始从事；开始沉湎于”。 12. know better than to do sth应该知道不该做某事 13. in one’s honor?为…的荣誉on one’s honor 以名誉担保a point of honor涉及荣誉的事? 14. might as well后接动词原形，意为“不妨，何不”
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(完整版)历年专四语法真题总结练习TEM
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英语四级常考语法结构
英语四级常考语法结构
一、主句单一原则 任何一个句子中只可能有一个主句。做题时考生需要首先判断原题中已经给出的句子结构，如果已经有一个主句，那么就绝对不能够再出现另一个主句，除非中间有连接词进行联系。 例1：___, work songs often exhibit the song culture of a pe ople in a fundamental form. (A) They occur where they a re (B) Occuring where (C) Where they occur (D) Where do they occur 分析：空格后面是一个主句，(A)为带有从句的主句，空格后又是主句，有两个主句一定错。C为地点状语从句，正确(劳动歌曲发生的地方)。 例2: ___Indiana, is in a rich farming and dairy area, it is primarily a diversified industrial center (A) Fort Wayne (B) Although Fort Wayne (C) Fort wayne is in (D) Fort Wayne, in 分析：空格后有两个谓语动词但中间没有连接词，由此可知，最后一句话是一个主句，空格处应该有从句引导词，四个选项中只有（B）中although能引导从句，故选（B）。
二、谓语动词专一原则 任何一个句子只可能存在一个谓语动词。句子中不可能没有谓语动词，也不能多于一个谓语动词(除非中间存在连接词)。 例1：William Walker's mural, “Wall of Respect,” __ _an outdoor wall in Chicago, deals with social issues. (A) covers (B) covers it (C) which covers (D) which it covers 分析：空格后的deals with 是谓语动词，A, B是谓语形式, 和deals with 之间没有连接词，可先排除; D 中的it多余，因为在定语从句中which已经作了主语；C构成正确的定语从句 例2：In copper engravings and etchings, ___caused by the edges of the plate is clearly visible on the paper. (A) the i mpression is (B) if the impression is (C) impressions (D) the impression 分析：题目中的is是谓语，A,B中是谓语重复。C为复数名词，与后面的谓语动词is的数不一致，故也排除。因此选择D，caused.... 修饰impression 三、平行结构技巧：如果填空题中空格的后面有and, 或者and后面有空格，那么这道题目一定是考察平行结构。填空题中平行结构出现的形式是： A and B, A , B, and C
(完整版)历年专四语法真题总结练习TEM
1994-20XX 年专四语法真题集 By Wang Ying & Chu Xiuwei SFL, SWU 一、1994-20XX 年专四语法真题集：已分类 I. 独立主格结构 1. Agriculture is the country 's chief source of wealth, wheat _____ by far the biggest cereal crop. a. is b. been c. be d. being TEM-4 2003 2. Time ____ , the celebration will be held as scheduled. a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits TEM-4 2003 3. There _ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be 2000 4. ___ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. a. There was b. Since c. Being d. There being 1996 5. The country's chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ____ the most important of these. a. have been b. are c. being d. are being 1994 II. 定语从句 1. Above the trees are the hills, ______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. a. where b. of whose c. whose d. which 2003 2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, is something we had not expected. a. which b. it c. that d. what 2003 3. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man ______ he was twenty years ago. a. which b. that c. who d. whom 2003 4. The experiment requires more money than ______ . a. have been put in b. being put in c. has been put in d. to be put in 2002 5. We've just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, __________ should make great differences in our life next summer. a. which b. what c. that d. they 2002 6. Have you ever been in a situation ___ you know the other person is right yet you cannot
四级常考语法结构讲解
动名词 1．只能跟动名词作宾语的常见动词有：suggest，finish，avoid、mind，enjoy，quit，postpone，delay，practise，fancy，imagine，consider，deny，escape，miss，risk，confess（to），admit （to），appreciate，involve，favour，save，resent，survive等。见下例： (1)He avoided giving us a definite answer． (2)I enjoy working with you． (3)Would you mind filling out this form？ (4)I appreciate ______ to your home． a．to be invited b．to have invited c．having invited d．being invited（答案d．CET4'91／6．）（注：want，need，require，deserve，demand等属另一类动词，如果以事物作主语时表示"需要"，后面要求跟动名词，这种动名词在形式上是主动态，实际上表达的是被动态的意思。）见下例： (5)The floor requires washing． (6) Your hair wants cutting． (7)The garden needs watering．（注：need后面既可以跟动名词，也可以跟不定式被动态，表达的意思相同，如The garden needs to be watered．）另外，advise，recommend，allow，permit，forbid等动词后面既可以直接跟动名词作宾语（如advise starting early tomorrow），也可以跟带不定式的复合结构（如advise sb to do sth）。见下例： (8)The teacher doesn't permit ______ in class． a．smoke b．to smoke c．smoking d．to have a smoke（答案c．CET4'91/6．）（注：如果permit后面需跟以人作宾语的词，就需将该句改为：The teacher doesn't permit anybody to smoke in class．） (9)I recommend (your) buying/you to buy this dictionary.（可以使用由物主代词限定的动名词作宾语） 2．要求跟动名词作宾语的短语动词和成语很多，常见的有：amount to"意味着，等于是说"；feel like"很想"；go on"继续"；aim at"旨在"；keep on"继续"；set about"开始，着手"；insist on"坚持要"；succeed in"成功地做……"；persist in"坚持（做）"；dream of"梦想"；object to"反对"；approve of"赞成"；refrain from"克制不做"；look forward to"期待着"；depend on"依赖于"；give up"放弃"；see to"处理，负责（做）"；fall to"开始（做）"；leave off"停下"；take to"变得喜欢"；put off"推迟"；participate in"参加"；come close to"几乎，差点"；join ill"参加"；suspect sb of"怀疑某人……"；excuse sb from"原谅某人……"；accuse sb of"指控某人……"；excuse sb from"允许某人不做…"；change sb with"控告某人……"；spend time…"花时间做……"；when it comes to…"至于，谈到"；waste time…"做……是浪费时间"；set one's heart/mind on…"决意要……"。见下例： (1)He insisted on doing it in his own way． (2)I've been looking forward to coming to China for a long time． (3)The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court．a．objected to having b．were objected to have c．objected to have d．were objected to having（答案a．CET4'91／6．object为不及物动词，后面要求跟介词to十名词或动名词，不能跟不定式，也没有被动态。） (4)My father has taken to playing the golf at the weekends． 3．后面要求限动名词的形容词／过去分词十介词结构，常见的有：fond of"喜爱"；good at"擅长于"；sick of"厌烦"；proud of"为……感到骄傲"；keen on"热望于"；responsible for"对……负责"；capable of"能够"；afraid of"害怕"；thirsty for"渴望"；tired of"对……厌烦"；