新版人教版新目标英语七年级上册全册语法总结

新版,人教,版新,目标,英语,七年级,上册,全册,七年级上册语法总结一、词类

词类

英语名称

意义

例词

名词

Noun （n.）

表示人或事物的名称

boy, pencil, book

冠词

Article （art .）

用在名词前帮助说明名词的所指的人或事物

a, an, the

代词

Pronoun （pron.）

用来代替名词、形容词或数词

we, this, what

形容词

Adjective (adj.)

修饰名词，表述人或事物的特征

old, red, good

数词

Numeral (num.)

表示数量或顺序

one, first, thirteen

动词

Verb （v.）

表示动作或状态

look, go, play

副词

Adverb (adv.)

修饰动词、形容词或其它副词

not, too, here

介词

Preposition (prep.)

表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系

in, under, for

连词

Conjunction (conj.)

用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子and, or, but

感叹词

Interjection (interj.)

表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感

oh, hello, hi

二、名词

1.名词：表示人或事物的名称

1）总的来说，名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。专有名词时个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如：Gina, China等专有名词，专有名词第一个字母要大写。

2）名词按其所表示事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词（Countable Nouns）有复数形式，如：an apple, two apples。不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)一般没有复数形式，如：broccoli。

3）可数名词有单数（Singular Form）和复数(Plural Form)两种形式，以下介绍可数名词复数形式变化规则：

情况

构成方法

读音

例词

一般情况

加 -s

清辅音后读/s/，浊辅音和元音后读/z/

book—books

key—keys

以o结尾的词

加-s 或 -es

读/z/

photo—photos

tomato—tomatoes

以s, sh, ch, x, 等结尾的词

加-es

读/iz/

bus—buses

watch—watches

以ce, se, ze, (d)ge 等结尾的词

加-s

读/iz/

price—prices

orange—oranges

以辅音字母加y结尾的词

变y为i，再加-es

读/z/

comedy—comedies

party—parties

*本册出现的不可数名词有：broccoli

*既可数又不可数名词有：ice cream，salad，chicken 2. 名词所有格

表示所属关系的一种格式

1）-’s所有格

大多数表示有生命的名词的所有格

情况

构成方法

读音

例句

一般情况

加-’s

清辅音后读/s/，浊辅音和元音后读/z/

Mike’s father

Jim’s desk

以s结尾的复数名词

加’

读音不变

the teachers’ room

表示两人或多人共有时

只变化最后一个名词，加-’s

John and tom’s father

表示为各自所有的

各个名词后都要变化，分别加-’s

Tom’s and Lucy’s books

2) 无生命的名词的所有格，一般由“名词+of+名词”构成Eg：a map of China 一副中国地图

the capital of America 美国的首都

*双重所有格由“名词+of+-’s”或“名词+of+名词性物主代词”构成

Eg：a friend of m y mother’s一个我妈妈的朋友

a friend of theirs/his/hers/ours

三、代词

1. 含义：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、不定式、V-ing形式、从句或整个句子的词。

2. 代词的分类（本书涉及三类代词）：

1）.指示代词

表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词

单数

复数

用法

例句

this

these

一般用来指时间或空间上较近的事物

Is this your pencil?

These are my pens.

that

those

一般用来指时间后空间上较远的事物

Is that you grandfather?

Those are his brothers.

2）人称代词

代指人或事物，在句中作主语或宾语，所以有主格和宾格形式人称

单数

主格

宾格

主格

宾格

第一人称

第二人称

you

第三人称

him

they

them

she

her

3)物主代词

表示所有关系的单词，是人称代词的属格形式。物主代词又分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，本册所涉及的内容是形容词性物主代词。

数

人称

单数

复数

形容词性

名词性

形容词性

名词性

第一人称

mine

our

ours

第二人称

your

yours

your

yours

第三人称

his

their

theirs

her

hers

its

一、数词

表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。数词分为基数词和序数词。

1. 基数词

100以下的基本基数词

100以上的基本基数词

1~10

11~19

20~90

100 a/one hundred

1 000 a/one thousand

1 000 000 a/one million

1 000 000 000 a/one billion（美）或a/one thousand million (英) 1

one

eleven

twenty

two

twelve

thirty

three

thirteen

forty

four

14 fourteen 50

fifty

five

fifteen 60

sixty

six

16 sixteen 70 seventy

seven

17 seventeen

eighty

eight

eighteen

ninety

nine

nineteen

ten

2. 序数词

表示事物的顺序，往往与定冠词the连用first

1st

seventh

7th

twentieth

20th

sixtieth

60th

second

2nd

eighth

8th

twenty-first 21st seventieth 70th

third

3rd

ninth

9th

thirtieth

30th eightieth

80th

fourth

4th

tenth

10th

thirty-ninth

39th

ninetieth

90th

fifth

5th

eleventh

11th

fortieth

40th

hundredth

100th

sixth

6th

twelfth

12th

fiftieth

50th

one hundred and first

101st

二、连词

用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子的词，本册涉及的连词主要有两个and和but。

1. and “和”是并列连词，连接两个对等的成分

eg：You and I are friends. 你和我是好朋友。

Lily and Lucy are sisters. 莉莉和露西是姐妹。

Tom likes playing basketball and football. Tom喜欢玩儿篮球和足球。

1. but “但是”是表示转折的连词（表示一肯一否）

eg：Mother likes apples, but she doesn’t like bananas.

It’s a very successful thriller, but I think it’s boring.

三、动词

1. be 动词

本册所涉及的be动词主要有三个，分别是am, is, are。他们的用法可以归纳为以下口诀：

I用am，you用are，is 用于he（他），she（她），it（它），单数形式用is，复数全部都用are。

be动词

用法

she

单数名词

are

you

复数名词

2. 情态动词 can

本身有各种意义，但不能单独做谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，这样的动词称为情态动词。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。本册只讲到can的用法

can 表示一般的能力，指过去、现在无论什么时候想做都能做到的能力。

1）陈述句

can的陈述句结构 can+动词原型

Eg：He can speak English. 他会说英语。

The birds can fly. 鸟儿会飞。

You can be in your school music festival. 你能参加你学校的音乐节了。

2）否定句

有情态动词can的陈述句变否定句时，直接在can 后面加not或缩写成cann’t就可以了，语序不变。

Eg：He can speak English.

He can not （cann’t）speak English. 他不会说英语。

The birds can fly.

The birds can not（cann’t） fly. 鸟儿不会飞。

You can be in your school music festival.

You can not （cann’t）be in your school music festival. 你不能参加你们学校的音乐节。

3）疑问句及回答

有情态动词can的陈述句变疑问句时，直接把can提前，并大写首字母，后面的语序不变。肯定回答：Yes，主语+can. 否定回答：No，主语+cann’t.

Eg:：Can he speak English? 他会说英语吗？

Yes, he can. No，he cann’t.

Can the birds fly? 鸟儿会飞吗？

Yes, they can. No, they cann’t.

Can you be in your school music festival? 你能参加你们学校的音乐节吗？

Yes, you can. No, you cann’t. / Yes, I can. No, I cann’t.

3. 实义动词

实义动词是指具有完整意义、可以单独作谓语动词，主要表示主语的动作、状态和品质。实义动词也可以与助动词相结合，表示更加复杂的动词意义。这里主要讲当主语是第三人称单数时，动词需要变成三人称单数形式，具体变化规则如下：

规则

读音

动词原形

第三人称单数形式

一般动词在词尾加-s。

在清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音或元音后读/z/，在t后读/ts/，在d后读/ds/

help

swim

listen

know

play

get

find

helps

likes

swims

listens

knows

plays

gets

finds

以字母s，x，ch，sh结尾的词加-es；如果动词原形末尾已有-e，则加s；以o结尾的词也加-es。

以字母s，x，ch，sh结尾的词加-es，读/iz/，以o结尾的词也加-es，读/z/

teach

teaches

goes

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加es。

读/z/

study

studies

Eg：He/She likes oranges.

初中英语七年级下册语法总结

七年级英语下册语法总结七年级下英语语法——词法 1.名词名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下： ●在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas ●x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes ●以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories ●以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 2. 以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯 3. 以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 4. 单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 5. 一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 6. 单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员 7. 合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 8. 有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper纸papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作works作品，工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水oranges橙子, light 光线lights灯, people人peoples民族, time时间times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡 9. 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 10. 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB）名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下： ●单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s ●复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day 教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Wom en’s Day三八节 ●由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间） 11. 代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数they them their theirs these those themselves3、动词A）第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：

新版人教版新目标英语八年级上册全册教学设计全册教案

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三、教学过程 Ⅰ. Lead-in 1. 看幻灯片来进入本课时的主题，谈论上周末做了些什么事情。 Ⅱ. Presentation 1. Show some pictures on the big screen. Let Ss read the expressions. 2. Focus attention on the picture. Ask: What can you see? Say: Each picture shows something a person did in the past. 3. Check the answers. Answers: 1. f 2. b 3. g 4. e 5. c 6. a 7. d III. Listening 1. Point to the picture on the screen. 2. Play the recording the first time. 3. Play the recording a second time. Listen to the recording and write numbers of the names in the right boxes of the picture. 4. Check the answers. IV．Pair work 1. Point out the sample conversation. 2. Now work with a partner. Make your own conversation about the people in the picture. 3. Ss work in pairs. As they talk, move around the classroom and give any help . 4. Let some pairs act out their conversations. V. Listening 1. Tell Ss they will hear a conversation about three students’conversations. 2. Play the recording the first time. Ss listen and fill in the chart. 3. Play the recording a second time for the Ss to check “Yes, I

新版新目标英语八上电子课本

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Section A Language Goal ： Talk about past events. 1a Match the activities with the pictures [a - g]． 1. stayed at home __f__ 5. went to the mountains ______ 2. went to New York City ______ 6. went to the beach ______ 3. visited my uncle ______ 7. visited museums ______ 4. went to summer camp ______ 1b Listen and number the people in the picture [1-5]. 4. Xiang Hua 5. Tom A: Where did Tina go on vacation? B: She went to the mountains. 2a Listen. Where did the people go on vacation? Complete the chart. )Yes, I did

A: Grace, where did you go on vacation? B: I went to New York City. A: Oh, really? Did you go with anyone? B: Yes, I went with my mother. 2d Role-play the conversation. Rick: Hi, Helen. Long time no see. Helen: Hi, Rick. Yes, I was on vacation last month. Rick: Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? Helen: Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family. Rick: Wow! Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall? Helen: Yes, I did. It was wonderful! We took quite a few photos there. What about you? Did you do anything special last month? Rick: Not really. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. Grammar Focus Did you do fun on your vacation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. Linda: How did you like it? Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so was really interesting, Linda: Did you go with ? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did you go shopping? Alice: Of course! I bought for my parents, but for myself. Linda: Why didn't you buy for yourself? Alice: I didn't really see I liked. 3b Fill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the box.

人教版新目标英语初中全单词

新目标初中英语单词七年级上学期单词表 Unit 1 my pron.我的 name n.名字 is v.是 name's name is 之略 clock n.时钟 I pron.我 am v.是 I'm I am之略 nice adj.好的；令人愉快的 to part.不定式符号 prep.向；朝；至；达meet v.遇见；相逢 you pron.你；你们 what pron. &adj.什么 what's = what is your pron.你的；你们的 hello int.（表示问候）喂 hi int.（表示问候或打招呼）嗨 his pron.他的 and conj.和；又；而且 her pron.她的 question n.问题；难题；询问；疑问answer n.问答；答复；答案 look v.看；望；看起来 n.看；注视 first num.第一 first name 名字 last adj.最后的；上一个的 last name 姓氏 boy n.男孩 girl n.女孩 zero num.&n.零 one num.&pron.一（用来代替单数的人或物）two num.二 three num.三 four num.四 five num.五 six num.六 seven num.七 eight num.八 nine num.九 telephone n.电话number n.数；数字 telephone number 电话号码 phone n.电话；电话机 phone number 电话号码 it pron.它 it's it is 它的 card n.卡；卡片；纸牌 ID card (ID=identification)身份证family n.家；家庭 family name 姓氏 Unit 2 this pron.&adj.这；这个 pencil n.铅笔 pen n.钢笔 book n.书 eraser n.橡皮；铅笔擦；黑板擦 ruler n.尺；直尺 case n.箱；盒；橱 pencil case 铅笔盒；文具盒 backpack n.双肩背包 pencil sharpener 卷笔刀；铅笔刀dictionary n.字典；词典 that pron.&adj.那；那个 yes adv.（表示肯定）是 no adv.（表示否定）不；不是 not adv.（构成否定形式）不是 isn't is not 不是 excuse v.原谅；宽恕 excuse me 请原谅 thank v.感谢 OK adj.好；不错 in prep.用（表示方法，媒介，工具等）English n.英语；英文 a art.一个（只，把，台……） how adv.（指程度）多么；何等；怎样 do v.&aux.（助动词无意义）做；干；行动spell v.拼写 baseball n.棒球 watch n.手表 computer n.电脑；电子计算机

新版新目标英语七上电子课本

Unit 1 My name’s Gina. Language Goals: Introduce yourself；Greet people；Ask for and give telephone number 语言目标：介绍自己；问候他人；询问和告知电话号码 1a Write English words for the things in the picture. 写出图中物品的英文名称。 _____map________ 1b Listen and number the conversations［1-3］.听录音，为对话编号。 □A: What’s your name? □A: Good morning! □A: Hi. My name’s Gina. B: Alan. B: I’m Cindy. B: I’m Jenny. Nice to meet you! A: Hello, Alan. I’m Ms Brown. B: Hello, Cindy. I’m Dale. A: Nice to meet you, too. A: Nice to meet you! 1c Practice the conversations above with your partner. Then greet your classmates.练习上面的对话，然后问候你的同学。

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