高考英语学霸笔记5.0

学霸笔记

5.0

学霸笔记

目录

I. 名词 (7)

1.名词单复数 (7)

2. 冠词+名词 (7)

3.名词常见后缀 (7)

4.名词复数提示词 (8)

5.常见不可数名词 (8)

II.形容词 (10)

1.重读闭音节形容词 (10)

2.隐性比较级 (10)

3.形副转变 (10)

4.ly结尾非副词的几个词 (10)

5.非ly结尾的常见副词 (10)

6.形副转变易错词 (11)

7. 形容词常见后缀 (11)

8.常见ed和ing后缀形容词 (12)

9.形容词同级比较考点 (12)

III. 动词 (14)

1.动词 (14)

2.系动词 (14)

3.情态动词 (14)

4.非谓语动词三剑客 (14)

① doing： (14)

② to do： (15)

③ done： (15)

5.不规则动词口诀 (16)

6.动词原形结构 (20)

7.重读闭音节 (20)

8.被动小技巧 (20)

IV. 其他 (22)

1.长宽高的变形 (22)

2.基数词和序数词的不规则变化 (22)

3.常见介词 (22)

4.常见介词核心逻辑 (22)

一）of核心逻辑：从属关系，属于 (23)

二）in核心逻辑：包含与被包含 (23)

三）to核心逻辑：强烈的方向性，同目标事物相关，距离感 (24)

四）on核心逻辑：具体或抽象的紧密接触 (24)

五）for核心逻辑：通过......成为所属关系 (25)

六）from核心逻辑：脱离，距离感 (25)

七）with核心逻辑：带有；附带 (26)

八）by核心逻辑：一旁 (27)

九）at核心逻辑：@ 直击目标 (27)

十）than核心逻辑：比较 (27)

十一）as核心逻辑：作为 (27)

5.常见固定搭配 (28)

6.缩写 (28)

https://www.360docs.net/doc/6110040267.html,te相关词 (29)

8.that的用法 (30)

9.同一年份同一考点考察 (30)

① than (30)

②定语从句无what (30)

③ surely→sure (31)

④形容词ing和ed之间的转换 (31)

⑤ as的用法 (31)

⑥ late相关词 (31)

⑦become和come (31)

10.高中易混词 (32)

V.阅读理解 (37)

1.阅读理解选项动词 (37)

2.阅读理解选项形容词 (37)

3.七选五首段常用词 (37)

4.阅读理解注意事项 (37)

5.阅读理解A篇注意事项 (38)

6.阅读理解其他要点 (38)

7.阅读理解七选五做题步骤 (38)

VI. 完形填空 (39)

1.完形填空注意事项 (39)

①读第一段首句和尾句 (39)

②跟着行文思路，注意转折词 (39)

③选直接选项，注意不要加戏 (39)

2.完形填空四大原则 (39)

3. 完形填空四大做题技巧 (39)

①靠主题做题和局部话题一致性 (39)

②下文解释，长句读完整 (39)

③并列关系 (39)

④转折关系 (39)

4. 完形填空做题步骤 (40)

5. 完形填空的冷知识 (40)

6.完形填空注意事项 (40)

VII. 短文改错 (41)

1.短文改错常见互换词 (41)

2.短文改错常见错误类型 (41)

1）动词 (41)

2）名词 (41)

3）形容词副词 (41)

4）连词 (42)

5）冠词 (42)

6）代词 (42)

7）非谓语动词 (42)

VIII. 书面表达 (43)

1.各书信核心词汇 (43)

2.常见高分句型 (43)

①陈述两方面内容时，使用not only...but also的倒装形式 (43)

②鉴于某个事实/因为/考虑到 (43)

③强调句型（特别是新冠） (44)

④句子前可加部分 (44)

⑤个人观点 (44)

⑥时间宝贵，不要浪费。 (44)

⑦ doing作主语 (44)

⑧副词提前（加强语气，表达内心情绪） (44)

⑨作文替换词 (44)

3.although转as (47)

4.书面表达小技巧 (47)

5.话题作文的七句话万能模板 (48)

【7句话；13个语法点；80个模板词】 (48)

6.邀请信模板 (48)

开头段 (48)

中间段： (49)

结尾段： (52)

7.感谢信模板 (52)

【词汇储备】 (52)

【第一段】 (53)

【第二段】 (54)

【第三段】 (55)

I. 名词

1.名词单复数

不规则：

① child-children; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; man-men

②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词，bus, watch, box, glass, match, brush, dish

【练一练】

(1) 【2018浙江】Making Chinese _____ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.

(2) 【2016全国卷II】Recent ______ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.

2. 冠词+名词

① h开头：hour, honest, honor

② university, united, union

③ useful, usual

④ European

⑤ one-eyed; one-way; one-stop

3.名词常见后缀

① ment: equipment (equip), environment, government, movement (move), achievement (achieve), management (manage), agreement (agree), development (develop), excitement (excite)

② ness: happiness (happy), kindness (kind), awareness (aware), business (busy), laziness (lazy), calmness (calm)

③ ty: activity(active), honesty (honest), ability (able), curiosity (curious), security (secure), popularity (popular)

④ tion: action (act), education (educate), organization (organize), satisfaction (satisfy)

⑤ er: teacher, driver, leader

⑥ ist: scientist, artist, tourist

【练一练】

(1) 【2015全国卷II】In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to "air condition" a house without using electric ______ (equip).

(2) 【2020湖南、河南、江西3月线上联考】Accidents can happen, so it is important to think about your _______ (secure) before you go and while you are there.

(3) 【2018黑龙江佳木斯一中调研五】Yet over the years, its ______ (popular) faded away.

(4) 【2020湘赣皖十五校下学期一次联考】From making paper to weaving cloth, from making a silk quilt to building her own bread oven with blocks, nothing seems impossible with Li’s crafty hands as they work their magic to bring these things into ______ (exist).

(5) 【2020云南昆明三诊一模教学质检】She said the purpose of the dress was to build _______ (excite) about art.

(6) 【2020新高考I】Historical ______ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.

(7) 【2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔一模】In such a period it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest _______ (satisfy) from pride in a job well done.

(8) 【2020全国卷III】Filled with ______ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.

4.名词复数提示词

①数词, a number of, various, all kinds of, a variety of, one of, these, those, a couple of, a dozen of, dozens of, a handful of

②谓语动词为are, were, have时，名词用复数

5.常见不可数名词

air, news, information, progress, advice, food, work, experience（经验不可数，经历可数）, paper, knowledge

information不可数；message可数

advice不可数；suggestion可数

II.形容词

1.重读闭音节形容词

big, fat, thin, hot, red, wet, sad, slim

2.隐性比较级

① even, much可修饰比较级

② the more, the more结构

③ more and more结构

3.形副转变

① be adv. adj.

② be adv. done

③ have/has adv. done

④主语adv. 谓语动词

⑤副词可修饰形容词、动词和一整句话

⑥ Adv., 一句话（主谓）

⑦一句话（主谓）adv.

4.ly结尾非副词的几个词

friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, likely, deadly, ugly, daily (day), monthly, yearly, weekly

5.非ly结尾的常见副词

①地点副词：here, there, home

②疑问副词：when, where, why, how

③时间副词：now, then, often, always, next, never, soon, once

④程度副词：much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, enough, almost, seldom

6.形副转变易错词

simple-simply

possible-possibly

probable-probably

basic-basically

automatic-automatically

scientific-scientifically

7. 形容词常见后缀

① able: reliable (rely); comfortable (comfort); valuable (value)

② ible: terrible, possible

③ al: actual, general, international, medical (medicine), natural, official (office), special, usual

④ ant: instant (instance), distant (distance), important (importance), pleasant

⑤ ent: absent (absence), different (difference), excellent (excellence), patient (patience), present (presence)

⑥ ar: popular, regular, particular

⑦ ary: necessary, ordinary, primary

⑧ ful: beautiful (beauty), successful (success), useful (use), helpful (help), hopeful (hope), wonderful (wonder)

⑨ ic: scientific (science)

⑩ ive: native, active, positive, negative, expensive

⑩① ous: curious (curiosity), famous(fame), dangerous(danger), obvious, serious, various (variety)

⑩② y: lucky (luck), snowy (snow), windy (wind), sunny (sun), rainy (rain), cloudy (cloud), dirty (dirt), dusty (dust)

8.常见ed和ing后缀形容词

interesting-interested

frightening-frightened

surprising-surprised

worrying-worried

amazing-amazed

shocking-shocked

embarrassing-embarrassed

exciting-excited

astonishing-astonished

boring-bored

touching-touched

moving-moved

disappointing-disappointed

encouraging-encouraged

annoying-annoyed

9.形容词同级比较考点

as...as

not so...as

10.常见ly结尾副词

basically; definitely; directly; especially; eventually; evidently; extremely; fairly; finally; fortunately; generally; hardly; highly; increasingly; largely; mainly; merely; mostly; namely; naturally; nearly; necessarily; normally; obviously; particularly; partly; possibly; practically; presently; probably; rarely; readily; really; repeatedly; respectively; scarcely; shortly; simply; specifically; truly; usually; virtually; wholly

III. 动词

1.动词

①提示词为be时，常考is和are

②提示词为实义动词时，常考一般过去时和现在完成时

③一般过去时看前后动词时态，现在完成时看时间标志词

④现在完成时时间标志词：过去一段时间（in recent years, in the past few years, over the years...）、自从（since+时间点，如跟句子，则从句为一般过去时）、迄今为止（so far, up to now）

2.系动词

① be动词：is am are; was were, will be, have been

②感官动词：sound, smell, feel, taste

③其他系动词：两看（seem, appear），三保持（keep, stay, remain），四变化（become, grow, turn, get）

系动词+adj.

3.情态动词

can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)

4.非谓语动词三剑客

① doing：

（1）介词+doing；

（2）主句, _______ (提示词)；

（3）常见动词加doing：enjoy, suggest, mind, practice, keep, consider, avoid, risk, spend, while/when；

（4）常见短语后加doing：get/become/be used to doing, can't help doing, feel like doing, look forward to doing, pay attention to doing, give up doing, be worth doing, be busy doing, insist

on/stick to doing, have difficulty/trouble doing, have fun/pleasure doing

考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。

避免错过继续练，否定完成停欣赏。

禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意弃逃亡。

consider 考虑suggest 建议advocate 提倡主张look forward to盼望forgive 原谅pardon 原谅acknowledge 承认admit 承认postpone 延迟延期delay 延迟defer 拖延recall 回想fancy 幻想爱好avoid 避免miss 错过keep保持practise练习实践deny 否认complete 完成finish 完成cease 停止quit 放弃停止appreciate 感激欣赏forbid 禁止prevent 阻止imagine 设想risk 冒险can’t help不禁mind 介意escape 逃跑逃避

② to do：

（1）be adj. to do；

（2）be done to do；

（3）常见动词加to do：

三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise

两个要求莫拒绝：demand, ask, refuse

设法学会做决定：manage, learn, decide

不要假装在选择：pretend, choose

③ done：

（1）_______ (提示词) by结构

（2）_______ (call/name)

（3）get done

5.不规则动词口诀

① ABA

跑来成为超越

run-ran-run跑

come-came-come来

become-became-become成为

overcome-overcame-overcome超越

② ABB

（1）想带来买打架

think-thought-thought想

bring-brought-brought带来

buy-bought-bought买

fight-fought-fought打架

（2）加速射击，喂牛遇见领导

speed---sped--sped加速

shoot---shot--shot射击

feed---fed---fed喂养

meet---met---met遇见

lead--led---led领导

（3）挖刺（粘贴）悬挂，原形中间的元音字母变成u dig---dug---dug挖

stick---stuck---stuck刺（粘贴）

hang---hung---hung悬挂

（4）保持睡觉感觉

keep---kept---kept保持

sleep---slept---slept睡觉

feel---felt---felt感觉

oversleep---overslept---overslept过度睡眠sweep---swept---swept打扫

（5）建造借出送花费

build---built---built建造

lend---lent---lent借出

send---sent---sent送

spend---spent---spent花费

（6）闻拼写

smell-smelt-smelt闻

spell-spelt-spelt拼写

（7）梦见着火学习对付意思

dream---dreamt---dreamt做梦

burn--burnt---burnt着火

learn---learnt---learnt学习

deal---dealt---dealt对付

mean---meant---meant意思

（8）放置（产卵）说付钱

lay---laid---laid放置

say---said---said说

pay---paid---paid付钱

（9）其他

hear-heard-heard听

make-made-made制造

win-won-won赢

find-found-found发现

shine-shone-shone照耀

stand-stood-stood站立

understand-understood-understood理解

sell-sold-sold卖

tell-told-told告诉

get-got-got得到

hold-held-held持有

have-had-had有

leave-left-left离开

③ ABC

（1）游泳喝酒唱歌开始打电话（谁知）下沉了swim---swam---swum游泳

drink---drank---drunk喝酒

sing---sang---sung唱歌

begin---began---begun开始

ring---rang---rung打电话

sink---sank---sunk下沉

（2）长大后画画知道扔吹飞

grow---grew---grown长大

draw---drew---drawn画画

know---knew---known知道

throw---threw---thrown扔

blow---blew---blown吹

fly---flew---flown飞

（3）生育穿戴

bear---bore---born

wear---wore---worn

（4）偷盗醒来结冰打破选择说忘记steal---stole---stolen偷盗

wake---woke---woken醒来

freeze---froze---frozen结冰

break---broke---broken打破

choose---chose---chosen选择

speak---spoke---spoken说

forget---forgot---forgotten忘记

（5）升起驾驶骑车写字

rise---rose----risen升起

drive---drove---driven驾驶

ride---rode---ridden骑车

write---wrote---written写字

（6）其他

be---was/were---been

give---gave---given给

eat---ate---eaten吃

see---saw---seen看

fall---fell---fallen掉

hide---hid---hidden藏

mistake---mistook---mistaken错误

shake---shook---shaken摇晃

take---took---taken带走

do---did---done做

go---went---gone走

show---showed---shown显示；表明

6.动词原形结构

①使役动词：make, let, have

②助动词：do, did, does

③情态动词

④ to do不定式

⑤祈使句

7.重读闭音节

admit, ban, beg, begin, chat, clap, control, dig, drag, drop, forget, get, hug, infer, nod, occur, pat, permit, plan, prefer, regret, rob, ship, sit, skip, step, stop, swim, win, cut, fit, hit, let, put, set, shut, equip, stir, rub

8.被动小技巧

空后无宾语，常被动

[2017年全国卷I] When fat and salt _______ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.