2020届高考英语概要写作技巧讲解
高考英语概要写作技巧讲解
一、考点分析
（一）考查内容：
1、考查读懂文章内容的能力
2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力
3、考查归纳总结的能力
4、考查组织文章的能力
（二）评分要点
?1）字数50左右
?2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点
?3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇
?4）完全使用自己的语言
?5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑
二、专题详解
定义：
It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.
读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、
体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
（三）写作方法Step 1.
确定体裁，明确主题
Step 2.
明确文章结构（总-分，总
-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息
Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿
Step 5. 润色成文
找准体裁，提炼要点
按体裁
语言：同义词&词组替换；句式简化；句子重构
①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语
（例improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）
②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓
语作状语；）
③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等
1)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词
替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,
转折关系but, instead, however, on the other hand
省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。
增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;
and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,
例（一）
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Summary:
Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks his job is meaningful/helpful and he gains a lot. （同义词转换）
Summary ：
People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free walk, quiet and peaceful environment, fresh food, etc. （句式改变）
Keys:
Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.
练习
实战练习（一）
One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.
I heard no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my b aby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!
Summary：
The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.
实战练习（二）
More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles a nd only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.
Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and
benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.
Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.
Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving.
Summary:
Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.
强化练习
练习（一）
Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.
There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.
There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.
In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language
carries important but not always true messages.
Summary:
The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.
练习（二）
Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.
When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.
Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.
She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.
Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose eac h other again!
Summary：
Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.
1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。（advantage）
2．她已向这家公司申请担任秘书。（apply）
3．在旧社会，出身贫寒的人很少有受教育的机会。（access）
4．这个获胜者因她的画而获得了一等奖。（award）
5．必须立即采取行动以减少台风带来的损失。（action）
6．我向你保证我有能力解决这个问题。（ability）
7．你该就刚才的所作所为向在场的人道歉。（apologize）
8．显而易见，这个国家的人每时每刻都可以喝到新鲜牛奶。（available）
9.我很高兴被聘请担任北京奥运会的口译员。（act）
10.丰富的网络资讯吸引老老少少上网冲浪。（attract）
11.我已安排了一辆出租车去机场接你。（arrange）
12.在山区，很多同我年龄相仿的儿童上不起学。（afford）
13.在发展经济的同时，我们必须注意要节约资源和防止污染。（attention）
14.他的话表明他充分意识到了不努力学习的后果。（aware）
15.专家们建议实施这项工程以造福子孙后代。（advise）
1. He took advantage of her kindness to borrow money from her repeatedly.
2. She has applied to the company for a position as a secretary.
3. In the old society, people from poor families had little access to education.
4. The winner was awarded the first prize for her picture.
5. Immediate action must be taken to reduce the losses caused by the typhoon.
6. I assure you that I have the ability to solve the problem.
7. Y ou should apologize to the people present for what you have just done.
8. Obviously, fresh milk is available to the people in the country at any moment.
9. I'm glad to be employed to act as an interpreter in the Beijing Olympics.
10. Rich information on the Internet attracts people of all ages to surfing it.
11. I have arranged for a taxi to meet you at the airport.
12. In mountain areas, many children about my age can't afford to go to school.
13. While developing economy, we must pay attention to saving resources and preventing pollution.
14. His words snowed that he was fully aware of the consequence of not studying hard.
15. The experts advised carrying out the project in order to benefit future generations.
高考英语语法必考知识点
名词性从句 区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。 需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成 份时，指人用指物用不缺意思和成份时用That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。 引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。 ◆____we can’t get∧seems better than ____ we have∧. A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。 ◆____ ∧caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）： 〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. A．this B．that C．what D．which 考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。答案：C 〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which in介词后面接宾语从句，且从句中缺do的宾语，故选C项。why、how在句中作状语；which在名词性从句中作定语。选C. 〖2011陕西卷〗I’d like to start my own business –that’s I’d do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what 所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后，是表语从句，所填词在从句中做宾语，指物，用what，选D。其余选项与题意不符。 〖2011北京卷〗Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语，选择what。
(完整版)2020上海高考英语一模概要写作指导写作汇编
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高中英语作文写作技巧方法
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高考英语之概要写作.pdf
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最新高考英语语法知识讲解(完整版)
高考英语语法知识讲解 (名师详细讲解语法+配套实战练习，零基础也可以学 好英语，建议下载保存) (绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印收藏) (每天背诵提高英语语感。零基础学英语，每天进步一 点点！)
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