学习表语从句五大要素

学习表语从句五大要素
学习表语从句五大要素

学习表语从句五大要素

表语从句位于连系动词之后,引导表语从句的词有that, what, how, when,where, why, because, as if 等。要掌握好表语从句,我们在学习中必须要注意下面这些要点:

一、表语从句要用陈述语序。如

This is where the famous scientist was born.

This is why she is so happy today.

二、that和what在引导表语从句时,作用和意义都不一样。That 本身没有词义,在句中仅起连接作用,而不充当句子成分;what 则表示“所...的(人或事)”,在表语从句中充当主语或宾语等。如:The fact is that more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water.(that 不作句子成分)

What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.(第一个what 作主句中的宾语;第二个what 在表语从句中主语)。

三、if 与whether 均意为“是否”,但引导表语从句时,只能用whether,不用if

The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.

四、当主句的主语为reason,或者是由Why 引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句的连接词多用that.如:

Why she failed in physics exam was that she was too careless.

五、as if, as through 引导表语从句时,从句谓语常用虚拟语气。这是

因为从句中的情况与事实不符。具体来说,如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去式;如果从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词要用“had+过去分词”,如果从句表示将来的可能性不大,用would (might,could)+ 动词原形。如:

Lilei is now in a new jacket. He looks as if he were an American boy.

The girl is giving us a vivid description of the moon. It seems as if she had been to the moon many times.

It looks as if it might rain

但是,如果as if ,through 引导的表语从句所表示的情况与事实相符,从句则用陈述语气。如:

The cloud are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.

That 与what从句浅谈

That 与what 从句是中学课本中的一项重要语法,也是学生容易出错的地方,现将其用法归纳如下:

一、引导主语从句

That 与what 都可以引导主语从句,that 在从句中不作句子成份,但不能省略。What 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,不能省略。如:

What he said at the meeting was very important.

他在会上说得非常重要(what 在主语从句中作宾语)

What surprised us that he did it alone.

使我们吃惊的是他一个人做了那项工作。(what 在主语从句中作主语)。

That he did it alone surprise us.

他独自完成了那项工作使我们感到吃惊。(that 用来引导主语从句,在句中不用成份)。

二、引导宾语从句

That 与what 都可以引导宾语从句,that 在句中不作句子成份,一般情况可以省略,但当有两个以上的宾语从句时,只能省掉一个that. What 在从句中作主语、表语、宾语等,不能省略。如:They stopped to see what was happening.

他们停下来看发生了什么事情。(what 在宾语从句中作主语)。

The teacher got angry because of what the boy had done.

那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。(what在宾语从句作宾语)All the people believe (that )it was right to rescue the temple.

所有人都认为拯救古庙是正确的。(that 在宾语从句中不作句份,可以省略)

We must believe (that ) each one of us is able to do something well, and that, when we discover what this something is , we must work hard at it until we succeed.

我们必须相信,我们每个人都能把某些事情做好;而且,当我们发现这些事情是什么的时候,我们就必须努力干下去,直到成功为止(第

一个that 可以省略,第二个that 不能省略)。

三、引导表语从句

That 与what 都可以引导表语从句,that 在句中不作句子成份,且不能省略;what 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,但不能省略。如:Mary is no longer is what she used to be. 玛丽不再是从前那样了(what 在表语从句中作表语)。

The question is what we should do to prevent him from going .

问题是我们做什么才能阴止他进来(what在表语从句中作动词do的宾语)

The reason why he didn’t come today is that his mother is ill.

他今天没有来的原因是他母亲病了(that 只起连接作用)。

四、引导同位语从句

That 与what 都可以引导同位语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词,对所修饰的名词的具体内容进行详细阐述。这类名词有:face, idea, news, hope, belief, promise, though, suggestion, proposal等。That在句中不用句子成份,但不能省略。What 在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语等,但不能省略,如:

I have no idea what we should do next.

我不知道我们下一步该做什么。(what 在同位语从句中作宾语)

He made a promise that he would study hard.

他许诺在努力学习(that 只起连接作用)。

The boy expressed his hope that he would be a pilot when he grows up.

那个男孩表达了他长大后想当飞行员的愿望。(that 只起连接作用)。

五、引导定语从句

That 可引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语或宾语,that 既可以措人也可以指物.that 在从句中作宾语时,可以省略:

This is one of the building that were build last year 这是去年建的楼房之一(that 在定语从句中作主语,不能省略)

The doctor (that ) you met in the street yesterday came here 20 years ago. 你昨天在街上见到的那位医生二十年前就来到这里来了(that 在从句中指人,作宾语,可以省略)

六、引导状语从句:

So ...that ; such...that; so that 结构引导状语从句。What 不能引导状语从句,但whatever, no matter what 可以引导状语从句。

He made such rapid progress in English that before long he could write article for American newspaper.

他的英语进步很快。不久就能为美国的一家报社写文章了。

Put the little plants in the shade so that the sun won’t burn them.

请把幼苗放在阴凉处以免太阳晒枯它们。

Don’t believe him no matter what he says.

无论他说什么,都不要相信他。

定语从句知识结构图解

定语从句知识结构图解 概念:定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词 ⒈先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 ②指物的先行词 ★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词 ①替代前面的先行词(替代作用) 关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用) ③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用) ⒉关系词: 引导定语的词 标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类 关系词的分类关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定 (that/which/who/whom/whose/as) 关系副词:在从句中作状语 (When/where/why) ⒊定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子。 ①限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。 定He is a teacher who works at our school. 定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开) 语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history. 比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.) 从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons) 句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) ②关系代词在定语从句中作表语 ⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略 Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested. (此时只能用which且不能省略) ①以疑问词who开头的句子中 定语从句几个难点Who is the man that is shouting there? ②关系代词在从句中作表语时 用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be. ③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰 This is the very person that we are looking for. ⒉先行词是人 that/who的区别①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. ②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一 用who的情况个用who Who is the boy that won the gold medal? ③在there be 结构中 There are many young men who are against him. ④在非限定性定语从句当中 Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.

(完整版)名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及其解答

名词性从句讲解 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到,并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面 1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题 2. 考查引导词that与what的区别 3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法 4. 考查whether与if的区别 5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别 6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 语法要点剖析 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词:that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分) 连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词:when, where, how, why 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如: What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下: (1)It + be + 名词+ that从句(2)It + be + 形容词+ that从句 (3)It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句(4)It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有: It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 2. 宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如: He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。 注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。例如: I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。 2. 用who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。 例如:I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

表语从句讲解及专项练习

15级计算机班英语 表语从句讲解 概念:表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句” 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remai n, seem 等。 ★The trouble is that we are short of mon ey. 困难是我们资金短缺。 ★ That is why stone walls are used in stead of fen ces around NewE ngla nd fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 ★At that time, it seemedas if I could n't think of the right word an yhow. 当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 引导表语从句的词: 从属连词that、whether、as though、as if (That引导表语从句时,在口语中,间或可以省略。) 关系代词who, what, which, whom,whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等; 关系畐【J词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever 等。 探由从属连词that , whether引导的表语从句。 that 在引导表语从句时无词义,而whether有词义,意为、“是否”。这 时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词,如question(问题),trouble(麻烦),problem(问题),result(结果),chance(可能性),suggestion(建议),idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释,使主语的内容具体化。 例如: ★The trouble is (that) she has lost his mon ey. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。 ★The questi on is whether we n eed more ice cream. 问题是我们是否还需要 一些冰淇淋。 ★The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. 问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。 ★What she couldn ' t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed in terest in her lesso ns. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。 探由关系代词引导的表语从句。 关系代词who, what, which, whom,whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句,在句中作主语、宾语、表语,关系代词不能省略。例如: ★The questi on is which of us should go. 问题是我们哪一个应该去。 ★The problem was who could do the work. 问题是谁能做这项工作。 ★That's what he is worryi ng about. 那就是他在担心的事。 ★That's what we should do. 那是我们应该做的。 ※由关系副词引导的表语从句。 关系副词when, where, how, why 除在句子起连接作用外,在从句中还充 当时间,地点,方式或原因状语,本身具有词义。

表语从句讲解及练习

表语从句 1.定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2.引导表语从句的关联词的种类: (1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如:The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是 我把他的地址丢了。The reason was that he was late for school. (2)从属连词whether,as,as if。如: (3)looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 (4)question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 (5)注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如: (6)All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday. (7)这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。 The key is whether we can solve the problem.注:能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look,sound等。如: (8)He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 (9)That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. (10)我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left. 连接副词where, when, how, why。 What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。 This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 That is why he didn't come here. The question is how he did it. (11)连词because可引导表语从句。如: (12)I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 It's just because he doesn't know her. (13)T hat's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我.(That's because...强调原因) (14)T hat's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why...强调结果) (15)在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如: (16)M y suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。

表语从句讲解及专项练习

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高中定语从句知识结构图解(答案解析版)

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1 2 定语从句知识结构图解 3 概念:定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,4 充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指 5 人的先行词 6 ⒈先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 7 ②指物的先行词 8 ★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 9 He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. 0 (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 1 先行词 2 ①替代前面的先行词 3 (替代作用) 4 关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从 5 句(连接作用) 6 ③在定语从句中作句子成分 7 (成分作用) 8 定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词 9 标准:根据关系词在从句中做的 句子成分种类 1 2 关系词的分类关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,

3 定 4 5 (that/which/who/whom/whose/as) 6 关系副词:在从句中作状语 7 (When/where/why) 8 ⒊定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子。 9 ①限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。 1 定 He is a teacher who works at our school. 2 定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用 (先行词与定语从句之3 间有逗号隔开) 4 语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with 5 a long history. 6 比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only 7 two sons.) 8 从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he 9 has two more sons) 1 句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 2 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) 3 ②关系代词在定语从句中作表语

(完整版)完整全面定语从句知识点

The Attributive Clause 定语从句:在英语复合句中,由关联词引导,修饰句中的名词、代词,有时也修饰主句的一部份或整个句子的从句称为定语从句。 它分为:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的那个词称为先行词。 关系代词:which, that, who, whom, whose,as(在句中充当成分,可作主语,宾语,表语,定语)引导词 关系副词:when, where, why,在句中只作状语。 e.g. She is an English teacher who likes singing songs. 先行词定语从句 引导词(从句中做主语) 关系词的作用: 1.引导定语从句; 2. 代替先行词; 3. 在从句中担当一个成分 e.g. This is the best film that I have seen. Ⅰ关系代词 (1)who, whom引导的定语从句 who 指人作主语/宾语(可省略)介词在前不可使用 whom 指人宾语(可省略)介词后不可省略 a. What’s the name of the girl who just came in? b. Do you know the student to whom Jane is talking?(不能用who) (2)that 引导的定语从句 that 人或物主语 宾语 表语 不引导非限制性定语 从句,不位于介词后。 a. Here is the money that/which will be given to you. b. Do you like the book (that/which) you borrowed yesterday? c. He is no longer the boy that he used to be. (3).which引导的定语从句 which 指物主语或宾语(可省略) 在介词后不可省略 a. The building which /that stands near the river is our school. b. The room in which there are a lot of books is a reading room. (4)whose引导的定语从句 whose是关系代词who与which的所有格形式,用作名词的限定语,whose 指人或物,在从句中作定语。Have you seen a dictionary whose cover is blue? (the cover of which is blue)? ▲whose经常后接名词,这结构可以用the+名词+of+whom/which来替换,意义不变。也就是说,表示所属关系, whose + n. = of which/ whom + the + n. = the + n. + of which/ whom e.g. He is an whose daughter studies abroad. excellent teacher,the daughter of whom studies abroad.

定语从句 知识结构图

指代对象 人 事物 人+事物 主格 who/that which/that that 宾格 who/that/whom which/that that 所有格 Whose whose/of which 1.只用that 不用which ?(1)介词+which+从句,在此结构中因介词提前不能用that 代替which ,当介词不提前时方可。此结构可用关系副词代替“介词+which ”,如: The chair on which she sat is made of wood. The chair which /that she sat on is made of wood.?(2)先行词本身是that /those What’s that which flashed in the sky just now 定语从句在复合句中作定语,由关系代词和关系副词引导,被修饰的词为先行词。 一. 关系代词的用法 语法专题五:定语从句 2.关系代词只能用that 的情况 ?(1)先行词为“all ”,“everything ”,“nothing ”,“little ”,“much ”等不定代词。 ?eg. There is something that you can borrow. ?(2)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰。?eg.This is the very place that I want to find. ?The last place that we visited was a factory. ?(3)先行词被形容词的最高级修饰。 ?eg.This is the best book that I have ever read. ?(4)先行词为两种或两种以上不同的事物。先行词若为分别表示人和事物的名词,也只能用that 引导定语从句。?eg.She gave me some books and a pen that I need. ?(5)先行词被序数词修饰。 ?eg.This is the second article that I wrote in English.?(6)主句是以who 或which 开头的特殊问句时。?eg.Who is the person that is standing at the door?

英语从句讲解

Simple sentence Compound sentence Complex sentence 从句:名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句) 形容词性从句(定语从句) 副词性从句(状语从句) 英语中六大从句用法总结 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,统称为名词性从句 1.主语从句subjective clause 一般由what, who, which, why, how, when, which, whether…or…等引导,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有: It is self-evident that… 很明显的是 It goes without saying that… 不用说 It is asserted that...有人主张…… It is believed that...据信…… It is generally considered that...人们普遍认为…… It is hoped that...人们希望…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is said that...据说…… It is supposed that...据推测...

It is well-known that...众所周知…… It must be admitted that...必须承认…… It cannot be denie d that… 不可否认…… It must be pointed out that...需指出的是…… It was told that...据传…… It will be said that...有人会说…… It follows that… 由此可见 It is inappropriate that… ……是不合适的 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what, who, when, why, whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们引导的主语从句,都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句objective clause 1)宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in

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、 表语从句讲解及专项练习 概念:表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句” 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 " ★ The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。 ★ That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 ★ At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 引导表语从句的词: ' 从属连词that、whether、as though、 as if(That引导表语从句时,在口语中,间或可以省略。) 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等; 关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 ※ 由从属连词that,whether引导的表语从句。 that在引导表语从句时无词义,而whether有词义,意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词,如question(问题),trouble(麻烦),problem(问题),result(结果),chance(可能性),suggestion(建议),idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释,使主语的内容具体化。 : 例如: ★ The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。 ★ The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。 ★ The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。 ★ What she couldn’t unde rstand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。 ※ 由关系代词引导的表语从句。

定语从句知识结构图解

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(完整版)人教版必修三Unit3语法讲专题练习:宾语从句和表语从句

Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1.The trouble is that I can’t find my way. 2.We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor. 3.It depends on whether you can do the work well. 4.I wonder how you are getting on with your studies. 5.He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late. 6.Energy is what makes things work. 7.We didn’t set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back. 8.We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. Ⅱ.单项填空 1.—Can you join us in the party this evening? —Well, that depends on ________ I can finish my report before then. A.whether B.if C.that D.when 解析:选A。句意:“你今天晚上能参加我们的聚会吗?”“嗯,那得看到时候我的报告能不能完成。”连词whether表示“是否”,引导宾语从句。if表示“是否”,不引导介词的宾语从句;that没有意义;when“当……时”。 2.I don’t think ________ possible ________ one can master a foreign language without much memory work. A.it; whether B.it; that C.which; whether D.this; that 解析:选B。it在句中作形式宾语;possible作宾补;真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 3.He said________he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry. A.that; 不填B.不填;that C.不填;不填D.what; what 解析:选B。考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。said后接了两个that引导的宾语从句,其中第一个从句中的that可省略,后面的that不可省略。

定语从句知识结构图解

定语从句知识结构图解

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定语从句知识结构图解 概念:定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词 ⒈先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 ②指物的先行 词 ★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 He haspassedthedriving test, which surprises all ofus. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词 ①替代前面的先行词 (替代作用) 关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用) ③在定语从句中作句子成分 (成分作用) 定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词 标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类 关系词的分类关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定 (that/which/who/whom/whose/as) 关系副词:在从句中作状语 (When/where/why) ⒊定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子。 ①限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。 定Heis a teacher whoworksat our school. 定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开) 语Beijing,whichis the capital of China, is a beautifulcity with a longhistory. 比较:Hehastwo sons,who workinthe same company. (He ha sonlytwo sons.) 从Hehas two sonswhoworkin the samecompany.(Perha pshe has two more sons) 句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 She is the girl(whom /that)I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) ②关系代词在定语从句中作表语 ⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy(that) he usedto be.(可以省略that) 限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略 Housing priceis aproblem (that/which)people are interested in. 比较:Housing price isaproblem in whichpeopl eareinterested. (此时只能用which且不能省略)

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