小学英语动词过去式、第三人称单数和名词复数

小学英语动词过去式、第三人称单数和名词复数
小学英语动词过去式、第三人称单数和名词复数

英语不规则动词过去式1、A---A型

2、 A---B型

3、其他

动词第三人称单数

一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律

1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如:

①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]

②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]

2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:

fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]

study-studies [z]; worry-worries

3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:

teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]

4、以辅音+“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:

go-goes [z] do-does [z]

下面几个动词发音发生了变化,如:

1、do [du:]-does [dz]

2、say [sei]-says [sez]

二、变“y”为“i”现象:

①baby-babies

②carry-carries

英语名词复数变化及发音规则

1、一般在词尾加-s.

一般来说,s在元音或浊辅音后读[z],在清辅音后面读成[s],在[t]后与[t]在一起读成[ts],在[d]后与[d]一起读成[dz]。

Cups杯子 hands手 hats帽子

2、以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加-es,读[iz]

Classes班级 buses公共汽车 boxes盒子3、以“元音字母+y”结尾的词,加-s,读作[z];以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es,读[iz]。

boy-boys男孩 army-armies军队 story-stories 故事 factory-factories工厂 baby-babies宝贝4、以o结尾的词,多数加-s,读[z]。

kilo-kilos 公里photo-photos 照片tobacco-tobaccos 烟草piano-pianos 钢琴

以元音字母+o结尾的词一律加-s,读[z]。

zoo-zoos动物园 radio-radios收音机

少数以o结尾的词,在词尾加-es,读[z]。

tomato-tomatoes 西红柿 hero-heroes 英雄

potato-potatoes 土豆

5、以f或fe结尾的词,多数把f,fe变为v,加es,读[vz]。leaf-leaves树叶 thief-thieves小偷

wife-wives妻子 knife-knives小刀

6、不规则名词的复数形式。

(1)通过变化单词内部元音字母,构成复杂形式。

man-men男子 woman-women女人foot-feet脚goose-geese 鹅tooth-teeth 牙齿

mouse-mice老鼠 child-children小孩

(2)单/复数形式相同

sheep-sheep绵羊deer-deer鹿 Chinese-Chinese 中国人Japanese-Japanese日本人fish-fish鱼people人

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