高中完形填空解题技巧与方法指导

高中完形填空解题技巧与方法指导

一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择

首句一般不设空。因此我们应重视首句，并利用首句预测短文的问题和全文内容。

1. I did at school. My headmaster thought I was and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be anything but a failure.”

A. bright

B. useless

C. simple

D. hopeful

daughter Lauren was giving her first concert. She had been waiting for this moment for years and years. “Now it is here at last,” she thought. “How beautiful her ___1___ is.”

The song made her go back to the days when she was Lauren’s age. As a young girl, Dorothy wanted to be a concert singer. She studied ___2___ in France, Italy and in the United States. “You can become a fine ___3___ in the future,” her teachers told her. “But you must be prepared to study hard and work for many years.

1. A. voice B. face C. dress D. life

2. A. French B. music C. piano D. dance

3. A. actress B. student C. singer D. dancer

二、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题

. He never criticized us, but used _____ to bring out our best.

A. strict

B. honest

C. special

D. learned

A. help

B. peace

C. smile

D. praise

2. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often

about that, Ed refused to buy a T-shirt or to lose weight.

A. cared

B. forgot

C. quarreled

D. joked

A. clean

B. straight

C. larger

D. darker

三、利用语篇标志解题

常见语篇标志词语：结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so；递进关系：besides, what’s more, further;转折关系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。

She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) vacation, was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.

A. disappointing

B. wonderful

C. uncomfortable

D. important

因此，我们要善于找出（“三找”）：

一找. 逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）

二找. NOT（在原文中找not）

三找. AND（在原文中找and）

四、根据逻辑推理解题

A. besides

B. but

C. and

D. or

五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择

The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Owning springs

A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild

六、从语法角度来解题

I went into a café and asked for a coffee . _____ I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place, but I sensed loneliness.

A．Before B．Since C．Although D．While

2. Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and

then______

23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared

七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题

He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming___.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place.

.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all

八、从词语辨析的角度来解题

When, two weeks later, I this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society.

I should enjoy this country as the son of a minister.

A. ran after

B. ran into

C. ran over

D. ran to

九．根据找复现同现解题

复现

复现是一种词汇衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确答案。

(1)原词复现。为了表达的需要，在具体的上下文中同一个单词重复出现。如：

All of a sudden I started to feel rather ______. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of

experience.

A. encouraged

B. dissatisfied

C. helpless

D. pleased

A. place

B. job

C. advice

D. help

(2)同义词、近义词复现。同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相同或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来。如：

That is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the

A. benefit

B. good

C. fun

D. interest

(3)反义词复现。语意的连贯有时是通过对比结构而采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释，考生可以从反义的角度判断正确的选项。如：

Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because ______ your money; it only

A.loosen

B.weaken

C.decrease

D.reduce

(4)同源词复现。对于上下文语义复现的表达，还可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词。如：

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students. If a long reading

assignment is given, the instructors expect students to be familiar with the information in the reading……When research is _________, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.

A. collected

B. assigned

C. distributed

D. finished

(5)上义词复现。上义词具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有时为了表达的需要，作者会先概述，再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具体的下义词，两者为总分关系。如：

Other times, he would join student groups to discuss a variety of : agriculture, diving and mathematics.

A. questions

B. subjects

C. matters

D. contents

同现

同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一句话或同一语篇中，以确保语篇的和谐性、得体性。由于单词意义的差别、所使用的语境不同，因此所使用的上下文也各有差异。

(1)场所同现。如：

On

A. sunny

B. rainy

C. cloudy

D. snowy

(2)修饰同现。如：

curves and many straight ________, a direct route is not always the most enjoyable one.

A. stable

B. smooth

C. splendid

D. complicated

A. selections

B. separations

C. series

D. sections

(3)因果同现。如：

shoute d the crowd. It was the loudest I had ever heard at a meeting. The

A. cheer

B. shout

C. cry

D. noise

(4)结构同现。如：

, he would join student groups to discuss a variety of subjects: agriculture, diving, mathematics.

A. As a matter of fact

B. Later on

C. Other times

D. In general

(5)同义同现。如：

If a student has problem with classroom work, the student should either _______ a professor

during

A. greet

B. attach

C. approach

D. annoy

复现同现法解题综合练习：

1. Travelling west, you set your clock ____; travelling east, you set it ahead.

A. behind

B. forward

C. back

D. ahead

2. Usually it cannot (get out) because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong. But in some places the outside of the earth is ____ and weak.

A. thin

B. thick

C. flat

D. rough

3. Liumei is among the ____ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.

A. poor

B. smart

C. lucky

D. silent

4. First of all, he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to_____ six windows.

A. rub

B. drop

C. break

D. clean

5. They looked rather __23__ because the overcoats were too big for them.

A. strange

B. young

C. nervous

D. excited

6. We were ______ to go back for class again when the headmaster called us toget her and said, …

A. about

B. able

C. sorry

D. sure

7. Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like ____ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.

Having similar friends has many advantages. …

A. true

B. right

C. same

D.

similar

8. The professor marched into the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After listening to

shouts of guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the correct answer, and….

A．count B. guess C. report D. watch

9. Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall (演讲厅) but in our university Art Museum. We spend our one-hour class discussing two or there of the ______: many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class.

A. subjects

B. paintings

C. speeches

D. lectures

10.I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ____, dressed neatly.

A. roommate

B. classmate

C. neighbor

D. companion

11. I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can ______ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a ____ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different fr iends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. …

A. obtain

B. benefit

C. suffer

D. earn

A. range

B. series

C. quantity

D. variety

完形高分策略（Skills of Cloze Tests）

一、高考完形填空命题趋势

选材特点: 以记叙文为主, 多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主

命题特点: (1) 设空特点: 名词\ 动词(5-8个)为主

(2) 考点层次分三部:

里边层次：(语篇层次30%以上)体现了突出语篇的命题思路

句子层次：(占70%左右)

单词层次：(只须读懂单词所在句子就能做,分数较少)

(3)考查重点: 短文第一句不设问.

二、考生易失分之处：

1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。

2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。

3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。

做题三忌：

急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。

只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。

断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。

三、做题三步法方法：

九大方法巧解完形

36 and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ”

A. bright

B. useless

C. simple

D. hopeful

37 . He

but used 38 to bring out our best.

37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned

38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise

Practice：

His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.

43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked

44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker

常见的标志性的词语有以下几种：结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so；递进关系：besides, what’s more, further;转折关系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。

She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.

A. disappointing

B. wonderful

C. uncomfortable

D. important

1、找逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）

2、找NOT题（在原文中找not）

句式结构：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，则选对立关系的词。

考点：（以下条件缺一不可）

①考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系，空前后必须是独立的句子；

②出题位置在两个句子之间或第二个句子的开头，不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间；

③选项中必须要有对立关系的词。

3、找AND题（在原文中找and）

考点：

①and前后选同义词，词性一致；

②and前后选同一范围词；

③and前后句子对应成分相同；

④在文章中，并列关系词前后如果出题，利用已知关系解题。

3、找同现复现原则

Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.

22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent

Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __2__ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.

Hav ing similar friends has many advantages. …

2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar

…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very

A. besides

B. but

C. and

D. or

The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs

A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild

I went into a café and asked for a coffee . 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness).

A．Before B．Since C．Although D．While

Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love,

and then 23

23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared

1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place.

1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all

When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister.

A. ran after

B. ran into

C. ran over

D. ran to

I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous.One can ___7___ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a __8__ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. …

7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn

8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety

In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory__36__（同义复现）course about 20 years ago.（记叙文，回忆、人物、时间、事件education）

The professor __37__the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited the students to _38_（同义复现）how many beans the jar contained. After

__39__shouts of wildly wrong

__40__ answer,（与前面相对应）and went on saying, ”You have just __41__an important lesson about science. That is: Never__42__ your own senses.”

Twenty years later, the __43__（上文提到的人物）could guess what the professor had in mind. He __44__himself, perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting __45__(概括的是答案)to the 46 ,which can be discovered only through

scientific 47 .even48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world. And she 50 that her

could be the 51 .The professor, said that it was 52（与51相对）.he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I

and 54 ,”（找and）the women says, “and I did the only thing I could do.

I 55 the course that afternoon, and I

36．A. art B. history C. science D. math

37．A. searched fo B. looked at C. got through D. marched into

38．A. count B. guess C. report D. watch

39．A. warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to

40．A. ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult

41．A. learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken

42．A. lose B. trust C. sharpen D. show

43．A. lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman

44．A. described B. respected C. saw D. served

45．A. voyage B. movement C. change D. rush

46. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light

47. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods

48. A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse

49. A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting

50. A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained

51. A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth

52. A. firm B. interesting C. wrong D. acceptable

53. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection

54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave

55. A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed

高考英语完型填空实战演练二

Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.

Although the cat doesn’t 16 this, its body is getting ready for action.

If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.

16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember

17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide

18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run.

18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently

19. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill

20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet

Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn’t always 24 to express your feelings freely.

21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however

22. A. take off B. take on C. take over D. take up

23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared

24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise

Does this mean that it’s smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.

25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent

26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let

27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different

28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful

Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, don’t just 29 . It’s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 you’d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, you’d 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all

over them. They’d be rotten.

29. A. go away B. go on C. go up D. go out

30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away

31. A. meet B. observe C. catch D. see

You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they don’t exist, but they’ll still be 34 . And at last you’ll have to 35 them. Just like those bananas.

32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though

33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume

34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond

35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D. send out