商务谈判术语大全.doc

商务谈判术语大全.doc
商务谈判术语大全.doc

NO TRICKS 每个字母所代表的八个单词——need, options, time, relationships, investment, credibility, knowledge, skills.

商务谈判术语

制作精巧skillful manufacture/工艺精良sophisticated technology

最新工艺latest technology加工精细finely processed

造型新颖modern design/造型优美beautiful design

设计合理professional design/ 设计精巧deft design

造型富丽华贵luxuriant in design/结构合理rational construction

款式新颖attractive design /款式齐全various styles/式样优雅elegant shape/ 花色入时fashionable patterns/任君选择for your selection

五彩缤纷colorful/色彩艳丽beautiful in colors/色泽光润color brilliancy/

色泽素雅delicate colors/瑰丽多彩pretty and colorful

洁白透明pure white and translucence/洁白纯正pure whiteness

品质优良excellent quality(high quality)

质量上乘superior quality/质量稳定stable quality/质量可靠reliable quality 品种繁多wide varieties/规格齐全complete in specifications

保质保量quality and quantity assured/性能可靠dependable performance

操作简便easy and simple to handle/使用方便easy to use

经久耐用durable in use/以质优而闻名well-known for its fine quality

数量之首The king of quantity/质量最佳The queen of quality

信誉可靠reliable reputation/闻名世界world-wide renowm

久负盛名to have a long standing reputation

誉满中外to enjoy high reputation at home and abroad

历史悠久to have a long history

畅销全球selling well all over the world

深受欢迎to win warm praise from customers

协定agreement/议定书protocol

贸易协定trade agreement/ 贸易与支付协定trade and payment agreement 政府间贸易协定inter-governmental trade agreement /民间贸易协定

non-governmental trade agreement

双边协定bilateral agreement/ 多边协定multilateral agreement/支付协定payment agreement

口头协定verbal agreement/书面协定written agreement/君子协定gentlemen’s agreement

销售合同sales contract/格式合同model contract

意向协议书agreement of intent/意向书letter of intent

空白格式blank form

授权书power of attorney

换文exchange of letter

备忘录memorandum

合同条款contract terms/免责条款escape clause

原文original text/译文version/措辞wording

正本original/副本copy/附录attachment/附件appendix

会签to counter-sign

违反合同breach of contract/ 修改合同amendment of contract

撤销合同cancellation of contract/合同的续订renewal of contract

合同的解释interpretation of contact

合同到期expiration of contract

起草合同to draft a contract/ 做出合同to work out a contract

谈妥合同to fix up a contract/签订合同to sign a contract

缔结合同to conclude a contract/草签合同to initial a contract

废除合同to annul a contrac/执行合同to perform a contract

严格遵守合同条款to keep strictly to the terms of the contract

一式二份in duplicate/一式三份in triplicate/一式四份in quadruplicate 1、出口方面的词汇

出口信贷export credit

出口津贴export subsidy

商品倾销dumping

外汇倾销exchange dumping

优惠关税special preferences

保税仓库bonded warehouse

贸易顺差favorable balance of trade

贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade

进口配额制import quotas

自由贸易区free trade zone

对外贸易值value of foreign trade

国际贸易值value of international trade

普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP

最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT

2、价格条件

价格术语trade term (price term)

运费freight

单价price

码头费wharfage

总值total value

卸货费landing charges

金额amount

关税customs duty

净价net price

印花税stamp duty

含佣价price including commission

港口税port dues

回佣return commission .

装运港port of shipment

折扣discount, allowance

卸货港port of discharge

批发价wholesale price

目的港port of destination

零售价retail price

进口许口证import licence

现货价格spot price

出口许口证export licence

期货价格forward price

现行价格(时价)current price prevailing price

国际市场价格world (International)Market price

离岸价(船上交货价)FOB-free on board

成本加运费价(离岸加运费价)C&.F-cost and freight

到岸价(成本加运费、保险费价)CIF-cost, insurance and freight

3、交货条件

交货delivery

轮船steamship(缩写S.S)

装运、装船shipment

租船charter (the chartered ship)

交货时间time of delivery

定程租船voyage charter

装运期限time of shipment

定期租船time charter

托运人(一般指出口商)shipper, consignor

收货人consignee

班轮regular shipping liner

驳船lighter

舱位shipping space

油轮tanker

报关clearance of goods

陆运收据cargo receipt

提货to take delivery of goods

空运提单airway bill

正本提单original B\\\\L

选择港(任意港)optional port

选港费optional charges

选港费由买方负担optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers’ account

一月份装船shipment during January 或January shipment

一月底装船shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.

一/二月份装船shipment during Jan./Feb.或Jan./Feb. shipment

在......(时间)分两批装船shipment during....in two lots

在......(时间)平均分两批装船shipment during....in two equal lots

分三个月装运in three monthly shipments

分三个月,每月平均装运in three equal monthly shipments

立即装运immediate shipments

即期装运prompt shipments

收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C 允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable

4、交易磋商、合同签订

订单indent

订货;订购book. booking

电复cable reply

实盘firm offer

递盘bid. bidding

递实盘bid firm

还盘counter offer

发盘(发价)offer

发实盘offer firm

询盘(询价)inquiry.enquiry

5、交易磋商、合同签订

订单indent

订货;订购book. booking

电复cable reply

实盘firm offer

递盘bid. bidding

递实盘bid firm

还盘counter offer

发盘(发价)offer

发实盘offer firm

询盘(询价)inquiry.enquiry

6、交易磋商、合同签订

指示性价格price indication

速复reply immediately

参考价reference price

习惯做法usual practice

交易磋商business negotiation

不受约束without engagement

业务洽谈business discussion

限**复subject to reply **

限* *复到subject to reply reaching here **

有效期限time of validity

有效至**: valid till **

购货合同purchase contract

销售合同sales contract

购货确认书purchase confirmation

销售确认书sales confirmation

一般交易条件general terms and conditions

以未售出为准subject to prior sale

需经卖方确认subject to seller’s confirmation

需经我方最后确认subject to our final confirmation

7、贸易方式

INT (拍卖auction)

寄售consignment

招标invitation of tender

投标submission of tender

一般代理人agent

总代理人general agent

代理协议agency agreement

累计佣金accumulative commission

补偿贸易compensation trade (或抵偿贸易)compensating/compensatory trade (又叫:往返贸易)counter trade

来料加工processing on giving materials

来料装配assembling on provided parts

独家经营/专营权exclusive right

独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement

独家代理sole agency. sole agent. exclusive agency.

exclusive agent

8、品质条件

品质quality 原样original sample

规格specifications 复样duplicate sample

说明description 对等样品countersample

标准standard type 参考样品reference sample

商品目录catalogue 封样sealed sample

货号article No. 花色(搭配)assortment

样品sample 5% 增减5% plus or minus

代表性样品representative sample

大路货(良好平均品质)fair average quality

9、商检仲裁

索赔claim 争议disputes

罚金条款penalty 仲裁arbitration

不可抗力force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal

产地证明书certificate of origin

品质检验证书inspection certificate of quanlity

重量检验证书inspection certificate of weight (quantity)

**商品检验局**commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B)

品质、重量检验证书inspection certificate

10、数量条件

个数number 净重net weight

容积capacity 毛作净gross for net

体积volume 皮重tare

毛重gross weight

溢短装条款more or less clause

11、外汇

外汇foreign exchange 法定贬值devaluation

外币foreign currency 法定升值revaluation

汇率rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate

国际收支balance of payments 硬通货hard currency

直接标价direct quotation 软通货soft currency

间接标价indirect quotation 金平价gold standard

买入汇率buying rate 通货膨胀inflation

卖出汇率selling rate 固定汇率fixed rate

金本位制度gold standard 黄金输送点gold points

铸币平价mint par 纸币制度paper money system

国际货币基金international monetary fund

黄金外汇储备gold and foreign exchange reserve

汇率波动的官定上下限official upper and lower limits of fluctuation 谈判开始

1. I’d like to get the ball rolling by talking about prices.

2. I’d be happy to answer any questions y ou may have.

3. I’m a little worried about the prices you’re asking.

4. You think we should be asking for more?

5.That’s not exactly what I had in mind.

6. What I’d like is a 25% discount.

7. That seems to be a little high.

8. It’s hard to see how you can place such large orders.

9. That will slash your costs.

10. I don’t know how we can make a profit then.

11. How could you turn over so many?

12.We’d need a guarantee of future business.

13.We want 5000 pieces over a six-month period.

14.What if we place orders for twelve months?

15. I think we can discuss this future.

出席国际商务会议常用英语口语

1、Getting the Chairperson’s Attention 引起会议主席的注意

(Mister/Madam) chairman.

May I have a word?

If I may, I think...

Excuse me for interrupting.

May I come in here?

2、Giving Opinions 表达意见

I’m positive that...

I (really) feel that...

In my opinion...

The way I see things...

If you ask me,... I tend to think that...

Asking for Opinions 询问意见

Are you positive that...

Do you (really) think that...

(name of participant) can we get your input?

How do you feel about...?

3、Commenting 做出评论

That’s interesting .

I never thought about it that way before.

Good point!

I get your point.

I see what you mean. 4、Agreeing 表示同意

I totally agree with you.

Exactly!

That’s (exactly) the way I feel.

I have to agree with (name of participant).

5、Disagreeing 表示异议

Unfortunately, I see it differently.

Up to a point I agree with you, but...

(I’m afraid) I can’t agree

6、Advising and Suggesting 提出建议

Let’s...

We should...

Why don’t you....

How/What about...

I suggest/recommend that...

7、Clarifying 澄清

Let me spell out...

Have I made that clear?

Do you see what I’m getting at?

Let me put this another way...

I’d just like to repeat that...

8、Requesting Information 请求信息

Please, could you...

I’d like you to...

Would you mind...

I wonder if you could...

1、Would anyone like something to drink before we begin? 在我们正式开始前,大家喝点什么吧?

2、We are ready. 我们准备好了。

3、I know I can count on you. 我知道我可以相信你。

4、Tust me. 请相信我。

5、We are here to solve problems. 我们是来解决问题的。

6、We’ll come out from this meeting as winners. 这次会谈的结果将是一个双赢。

7、Ihope this meeting is productive. 我希望这是一次富有成效的会谈。

8、I need more information. 我需要更多的信自。

9、Not in the long run. 从长远来说并不是这样。

注:这句话很实用,也可显示你的“高瞻远瞩”。

10、Let me explain to you why . 让我给你一个解释一下原因。很好的转折,又可磨炼自己的耐心。

11、That’s the basic problem.这是最基本的问题。

12、Let’s compromise.让我们还是各退一步吧。嘴里这么说,心里可千万别放松。追求利润最大化是一种专业精神。

13、It depends on what you want. 那要视贵方的需要而定。(没那么正规的场合下说:那要看你到底想要什么。)

14、The longer we wait ,the less likely we will come up with anything. 时间拖得越久,我们成功的机会就越少。

15、Are you negotiable? 你还有商量的余地吗?

16、I’m s ure there is some room for negotiation. 我肯定还有商量的余地。

17、We have another plan. 我们还有一个计划。

18、Let’s negotiate the price.让我们来讨论一下价格吧。

19、We could add it to the agenda. 我们可以把它也列入议程。

20、Thanks for reminding us. 谢谢你的提醒。

21、Our position on the issue is very simple. 我们的意见很简单。

22、We can not be sure what you want unless you tell us. 希望你能告诉我们,要不然我们无法确定你想要的是什么。

23、We have done a lot. 我们已经取得了不少的进展。

24、We can work out the details next time. 我们可以下次再来解决细节问题。

25、I suggest that we take a break. 建议休息一下。

26、Let’s dismiss and return in an hour.咱们休会,一个钟头后再回来。

27、We need a break. 我们需要暂停一下。

28、May I suggest that we continue tomorrow. 我建议明天再继续,好吗?

注:少提这种建议,中国人一定要学会如何在谈判桌“熬得住“,很多时候不是“技术战”而是“神经战”。

29、We can postpone our meeting until tomorrow. 我们可以把会议延迟到明天。

30、That will eat up a lot of time. 那会耗费很多时间。

价格谈判

商谈价格是买卖之间很重要的一环。商品的价值往往同商品的本质关系密切。当要强调出口商品的品质以使交易达到理想的价格时,我们可以说:This one is very good for 10 US dollars.(这东西绝对值10美元。)或These are slightly higher in price, but their superior quality makes them more valuable than the less expensive ones.(这些货价稍微高了一点,但其优异的品质,使它们比那些便宜的货,更有价值。) 在谈到商品价格便宜时,买方切忌使用cheap这个词,因为在西方人看来,它意味着商品是由廉价劳工(cheap labor)制造出来的廉价商品。应尽量使用reasonable 这个形容词。如:The price is quite reasonable.(这价格相当合理。)

讨价还价的结果是双方做出的让步。在最后让步时可说:“The best compromise we can make is …”(我们能做出的最大让步是…)或者”This is the lowest possible price.”(这已是最低价格。),然后坚定不移,否则,如果让步太过分,就可能造成卖方的损失

1 Let’s get down to business, shall we?

让我们开始谈生意好吗?

2.I’d like to tell you what I think about that.

我想告诉你我的一些想法。

3.Are those prices FOB or CIF?

这些价格是船上交货价还是运费及保险费在内价?

4.Are these prices wholesale or retail?

这些价格是批发价还是零售价?

5.That’s too high.

价钱太高了。

6.Oh, no, this is the lowest price.

噢,不,这是最低价。

7.Let us have your rock-bottom price.

我们给你低价。

8.What’s the pr ice range?

价格范围是多少?

9.They start at one hundred and fifty yuan and go up to two hundred yuan.

它们以150元起价,至多到200元。

10.The price is quite reasonable.

这价格相当合理。

11.The price is unreasonable.

这价格高得不合理。

12.Can you make it a little cheaper?

=Can you come down a little?

=Can you reduce the price?

你能不能算便宜一点?

13.That sounds very impressive.

那似乎非常好。

14.That sounds reasonable.

那似乎非常好。

15.I’d like to hear your ideas on…

我想听听你关于……的看法。

16.You’re offering us this product at 1800 yuan per unit-is that right?

你提供我们的这种产品报价是每台1800元吗,对吗?

17.We’d appreciate it if you could sell it to us for 1350 yuan per unit.

如果你能以每台1350元的价格卖给我们,我们将不胜感激。

18.Taking the qulity into consideration, I think the price is reasonable.

考虑到产品质量,我认为价格是合理的。

19.There’s one problem to be mentioned.

有一个问题要提出来。

20.The price we quoted is quite good for your country.

我们报的价格相当适合贵国。

21.The price you quoted is a little stiff for exporting.

你报的价格对于出口而言,有点偏高。

22.Your price is 15% higher than that of last year.

你们的价格比去年的高15%。

23.I think you misunderstood me on this point.

在这一点上我想你是误会我了。

24.We’re in complete agreement.

我们完全同意。

25.I can’t make a decision at this time.

我无法现在做决定。

26. It’s not possible for us to make any sales at this price.

我们无法以这种价格销售。

27.380 yuan is about as low as we can go.

380元大约是我们能出的最低价格。

28.I’m afraid I can’t agree with you there.

恐怕我不能同意您出的价格。

29.Your price is higher than that of other companies.

你方的价格比其它公司的价格要高。

30.But considering the high quality, our price is very reasonable.

不过鉴于产品的优良质量,我们的价格是非常合理

谈判时如何表达自己的意见

see what you mean.

(我明白您的意思。)

如果表示赞成,可以说:

That''s a good idea. (是个好主意。) 或者说:I agree with you. (我赞成。)

如果是有条件地接受,可以用on the condition that这个句型,例如:

We accept your proposal, on the condition that you order 20,000 units.

(如果您订2万台,我们会接受您的建议。)

在与外商,尤其是欧美国家的商人谈判时,如果有不同意见,最好坦白地提出来而不要拐弯抹角,比如,表示无法赞同对方的意见时,可以说:

I don''t think that''s a good idea. (我不认为那是个好主意。) 或者Frankly, we can''t agree with your proposal. (坦白地讲,我无法同意您的提案。)

如果是拒绝,可以说:

We''re not prepared to accept your proposal at this time.

(我们这一次不准备接受你们的建议。)

有时,还要讲明拒绝的理由,如

To be quite honest, we don''t believe this product will sell very well in China.

(说老实话,我们不相信这种产品在中国会卖得好。)

谈判期间,由於言语沟通问题,出现误解也是在所难免的:可能是对方误解了你,也可能是你误解了对方。在这两种情况出现後,你可以说:

No, I''m afraid you misunderstood me. What I was trying to say was.....

(不,恐怕你误解了。我想说的是......)

或者说:

Oh, I''m sorry, I misunderstood you. Then I go along with you.

(哦,对不起,我误解你了。那样的话,我同意你的观点。)

总之不管你说什么,你最终的目的就是要促成一笔生意。即使不成,也要以善意对待对方,也许你以后还有机会,生意不成人情在,你说对吗?

交际礼仪

您看是先谈原则问题呢,还是先谈具体问题?」

I wonder if you would like to start with matters of principle or specific issues?

让我先谈一个问题。

If you agree (With your permission), let me start with one issue

在谈那个问题之前我想对您刚才讲的话谈点看法。

Before we turn to that issue, I wish to make a few comments/remarks on your presentation.

您对此事怎么看呢?

I wish to benefit from your views on this matter./ What is your view on this matter?/ How do you see this matter?

我提议休会十分钟。

I propose a ten-minute break.

我想接着刚才的问题讲下去。I will pick up where we left off just now.

对不起,我插一句。Sorry for the interruption but

当然可以!by all means.

怎么都行!Whatever you say.

我没有异议。I have no objection.

我方对这个问题有异议。We take exception to this question.

我们高兴地看到… We note with pleasure that …

这个日期贵方觉得合适吗?

I wonder if this date would be suitable for you?

不知你们上午谈的怎样?I wonder how the meeting went this morning?

我方很希望贵方能尽早给予肯定的答复。

We would greatly appreciate it if you could give us your favorable and prompt commitment as soon as possible.

请你们务必在8月1日前提出意向书。

You are kindly requested to submit the letter of intent on the date no later than 1st August.

纠缠这个问题。Entangle this issue.

提倡节约Advocate/uphold thriftiness

为了国家的繁荣For the sake of national prosperity

经受了时间考验的友谊给我留下了很深的印象。

The time-tested friendship leaves me a deep impression.

密切注视Keep close watch on

促进密切合作Promote intensive cooperation

Business Negotiation

A: The seller Miss Lin representing Huaxin Trading Co.,Ltd.

B: The buyer Mr. Cai representing James Brown&.Sons Co.,Ltd.

A: Good morning, Mr. Cai. Glad to meet you.

B: Good morning, Miss Lin. It’s very nice to see you in person.

Let me introduce my colleagues to you. This is my manager, Mr. Jia.

A: How do you do? Mr.Jia.

B: How do you do? Miss Lin. Nice to meet you.

B: ....And this is Mr. Wang. He is in charge of sales department. This is Miss Huang. She is in charge of business with clents.

A: Nice to meet you, Miss Huang, Mr. Wang.

B: Nice to meet you, Miss Lin.

A: How are things going?

B: Everything is nice.

A: I hope through your visit we can settle the price for our Chinaware, and conclude the business before long.

B: I think so, Miss Lin. We came here to talk to you about our requirements of HX Series Chinaware. Can you show us your price-list and catalogues?

A: We’ve specially made out a price-list which cover those items most popular on your market. Here you are.

B: Oh, it’s very considerate of you. If you’ll excuse me, I ’ll go over your

price-list right now.

A: Take your time, Mr. Cai.

B: Oh, Mr, Wang. After going over your price-list and catalogues, we are interested in Art No. HX1115 and HX 1128, but we found that your price are too high than those offered by other suppliers. It would be impossible for us to push any sales at such high prices.

A: I’m sorry to hear that. You must know that the cost of production has risen a great deal in recent years while our prices of Chinaware basically remain unchanged. To be frank, our commodities have always come up to our export standard and the packages are excellent designed and printed. So our products are moderately priced.

B: I’m afraid I can’t agree with you in this respect. I know that your products are attractive in design, but I wish to point out that your offers are higher than

some of the quotations. I’ve received from your competitors in other countries. So, your price is not competitive in this market.

A: Mr. Cai. As you may know, our roducts which is of high quality have found a

good market in many countries. So you must take quality into consideration, too.

B: I agree with what you say, but the price difference should not be so big. If you want to get the order, you’ll have to lower the price. That’s reasonable, isn’t it?

A: Well, in order to help you develop business in this line, we may consider making some concessions in your price, but never to that extent.

B: If you are prepared to cut down your price by 8%, we might come to terms.

A: 8%? I’m afraid you are asking too much. Actually, we have never gave such lower price. For friendship’s sake, we may exceptionally consider reducing the price by 5%. This is the highest reduction we can afford.

B: You certainly have a way of talking me into it. But I wonder if when we place a larger order, you’ll farther reduce your prices. I want to order one container of

HX1115 and 438 sets of HX1128.

A: Mr. Cai, I can assure you that our price is most favourable. We are sorry to say that we can bring our price down a still lower level.

B: Ok, I accept. Now let’s talk about the terms of payment. Would you accept

D/P? I hope it will be acceptable to you.

A: The terms of payment we usually adopt are sight L/C.

B: But I think it would be beneficial to both of us to adopt more flexible payment terms such as D/P term.

A: Payment by L/C is our usual practice of doing business with all customers for such commodities. I’m sorry we can’t accept D/P terms.

B: As for regular orders in future, couldn’t you agree to D/P?

A: Sure. After several smooth transactions, we can try D/P terms.

B: Well, as for shiopment, the soon the better.

A: Yes, shipment is to be made in April, not allowing partial shipment.

B: Ok, I see. How about packing the goods?

A: We’ll pack HX115 in carton of one set each, HX1128 in cases of one set each, two cases to a carton.

B: I suggest the goods packed in cardboard boxes, it’s more attractive than cartons. Do you think so?

A: Well, I hope the packing will be attractive,too.

B: For transaction concluded on CIF basis, insurance is to be covered by the sellers for 110% of invoice value against WPA. Clash&.Breakage and War Risk.

A: This term less these goods should damage in transit. I agree with it.

B: I’m gald we have brought this transaction to a successful conclusion and hope this will be the beginning of other business in the future. Let’s confirm these items we concluded at the moment.

A: Yes, we concluded as follows: 532 sets of HX1115 at the price of USD 23.50 per set to be packed in cardboard boxes of one set each and to be shipped CIF5 Toronto. 438 sets of HX1128 at the price of USD 14.50 per set to be packed in case of one set each, two cases to a cardboard box and to be shipped CIF5 Toronto.

B: All right. By the way, when can I expect to sign the S/C?

A: Mr. Cai, would it be convenient for you to come again tomorrow morning. I’ll get the S/C ready tomorrow for your signature.

B: That’s fine. See you tomorrow. Goodbye. Miss Lin.

A: See you and thanks for coming, Mr. Cai.

1) A: I don’t believe we’ve met.

B: No, I don’t think we have.

A: My name is Chen Sung-lim.

B: How do you do? My name is Fred Smith.

A: 我们以前没有见过吧?

B:我想没有。

A:我叫陈松林。

B:您好,我是弗雷德?史蜜斯。

(2) A: Here’s my name card.

B: And here’s mine.

A: It’s nice to finally meet you.

B: And I’m glad to meet you, too.

A: 这是我的名片。

B: 这是我的。

A: 很高兴终于与你见面了。

B: 我也很高兴见到你。

(3) A: Is that the office manager over there?

B: Yes, it is,

A: I haven’t met him yet.

B: I’ll introduce him to you .

A:在那边的那位是经理吧?

B:是啊。

A:我还没见过他。

B:那么,我来介绍你认识。

(4) A: Do you have a calling card ?

B: Yes , right here.

A: Here’s one of mine.

B: Thanks.

A:您有名片吗?

B:有的,就在这儿。

A:喏,这是我的。

B:谢谢。

(5) A: Will you introduce me to the new purchasing agent? B: Haven’t you met yet?

A: No, we haven’t.

B: I’ll be glad to do it.

A:请替我引介新来负责采购的人好吗?

B:你们还没见面吗?

A:嗯,没有。

B:我乐意为你们介绍。

(6)

A: I’ll call you next week.

B: Do you know my number?

A: No, I don’t.

B: It’s right here on my card.

A:我下个星期会打电话给你。

B:你知道我的号码吗?

A:不知道。

B:就在我的名片上。

(7) A: Have we been introduced?

B: No, I don’t think we have been.

A: My name is Wong.

B: And I’m Jack Smith.

A:对不起,我们彼此介绍过了吗?

B:不,我想没有。

A:我姓王。

B:我叫杰克?史密斯。

(8)

A: Is this Mr. Jones?

B: Yes, that’s right.

A: I’m just calling to introduce myself. My name is Tang. B: I’m glad to meet you, Mr. Tang.

A:是琼斯先生吗?

B:是的。

A:我打电话是向您作自我介绍,我姓唐。

B:很高兴认识你,唐先生。

(9)

A: I have a letter of introduction here.

B: Your name, please?

A: It’s David Chou.

B: Oh, yes, Mr. Chou. We’ve been looking forward to this. A:我这儿有一封介绍信。

B:请问贵姓大名?

A:周大卫。

B:啊,周先生,我们一直在等着您来。

(10) A: I’ll call you if you give me a name card.

B: I’m sorry, but I don’t have any with me now.

A: Just tell me your number, in that case.

B: It’s 625-8023.

A:给我一张名片吧,我会打电话给你.。

B:真抱歉,我现在身上没带。

A:这样子,那就告诉我你的电话号码好了。

必备口译词汇

口译必备词汇 Unit 1 外事接待 第一篇 制药有限公司pharmaceutical Co. Ltd 副总经理deputy managing director 研究生graduate student 论文paper 研究成果research findings 实验助手lab assistant 市中心downtown area 假日酒店Holiday Inn 旅馆招待费hotel accommodation fee 招待所guesthouse 舒适如归make sb. comfortable 不尽如人意之处inconvenience in life and work 排忧解难help sb out 第二篇 Stanford University 斯坦福大学 a land of wonder充满奇观的国家 head office 总部 magical power 神奇的魅力 Oriental 东方的 Confucianism 儒家思想 Taoism 道家学说 inexplicable 难以言表的 set foot on 踏上……的土地 cosmopolitan city 国际大都市 maximize 充分利用 in no time 不久 rewarding 有成效的 Unit 2 礼仪祝词 第一篇: 阁下your Excellency... 建交the establishment of diplomatic relations 近海石油勘探offshore oil exploration 积贫积弱,任人宰割enduring impoverishment, long-standing debility and was for a time at the mercy of other countries 落后要挨打lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks 刻骨铭心的教训never-forgotten lesson

商务谈判常用语

谈判用语 谈判之初——客方 请多指教我是法国雪铁龙公司在中国区的营销经理,这是我的名片 谢谢您的邀请,我对这个环境很喜欢,希望我们能够合作愉快 磋商阶段 如果我说的不对,请纠正。 感谢你们为我们所做的一切,很高兴和贵方打交道 我们从公平的角度来考虑的 我们希望从原则的角度出发来解决问题,而不是出于个人的利益和权利。 信任是另一回事 我能不能再问几个问题,以看我刚才的陈述的事实是否正确 贵方这样做的原则是什么尼 让我想想自己是否理解您刚才所说的 我稍后再和您谈判此事 关于贵方的推理,有几个地方很难理解,让我告诉您是哪几个地方吧 如果我们同意或者不同意。。。。。 我们将很高兴的以一种对贵方方便的方法来解决问题 讨价还价阶段 买方 其他的供货商给我们的价格更好 您能介绍一下你们的公司和产品吗? 您能把价格略降一点吗 如果我们订货量大的话,有无可能降低价格? 你们产品的最低价格是多少? 如果我们都坚持不让的话,我们就谈不下去了。 让我们各让一半

我很赞赏您为我们争取达成一直所做出的努力,但是你们得让步太小了 以此价格,谈判不可能往前前进 如果能保证给我们提早发货,我们会接受你们的报价 这是我们第三次谈判了,我们必须解决价格问题 卖方 您能接受比这低的价格吗? 能接受 10%的折扣吗 价格取决于质量,质量和价格不可分割 以此价格成交我们会亏本 我们的政策是一般不给打折 恐怕这是最后一次出价 看在我们长期合作的份上,我们降价5% 我们觉得不能接受的还价,因为我们的出价很实在 我们决定再降价2%,期望有助于你们促销我们的产品 我们愿意本着平等、互利和各取所需的精神,和你们建立业务关系 付款方式的探讨 进口方 希望贵方能给我们报一个优惠的付款方式 贵方付款的条件是什么? 请告诉我方付款条件好吗 贵方一般采取什么样的支付方式? 如果贵方接受付款交单,那就帮了我们的大忙 由于这次购货量大,我方希望贵方采取分期付款方式。 为了做成这笔交易,我希望双方都做一些让步。50%按付款交单,其他按承兑交单如何?希望贵方能采取灵活的付款方式。 卖方 -出口方 我方只接受保兑,不可撤销,凭装船单据付款的信用证 我方只接受即期信用证 仅仅这笔交易,我们接受承兑交单 我们希望第一次的订货能预先付款 贵方一定要在交货期前20 天将信用证开给我方

电子商务专业术语-电商常用词汇-电商术语

电子商务专业术语 一、商业模式 1)B2B模式,Business to Business-企业对企业,例子:阿里巴 巴,生意宝(网盛科技)、慧聪网。 2)B2C模式,Business to Customer-企业对个人,例子:亚马逊, 当当,凡客,时尚起义,走秀网。 3)C2C模式,Customer to Customer-个人对个人,例子:ebay, 淘宝,拍拍,易趣。 4)BMC模式,BMC是英文Business-Medium-Customer的缩写,率先集 量贩式经营、连锁经营、人际网络、金融、传统电子商务(B2B、B2C、 C2C、C2B)等传统电子商务模式优点于一身,解决了B2B、B2C、C2C、 C2B等传统电子商务模式的发展瓶颈。B=Business,指企业; C=Customers,指消费者,终端;M=Medium,在这里指的是在企业与 消费者之间搭建的一个空中的纽带与桥梁。 5)B2B2C是一种电子商务类型的网络购物商业模式,B是BUSINESS的 简称,C是CUSTOMER的简称,第一个B指的是商品或服务的供应商, 第二个B指的是从事电子商务的企业,C则是表示消费者。以亚马逊 为代表。 6)O2O ,online to offline团购模式,团宝网,美团网,高朋网为 代表。 二、广告词汇 1.植入式广告:在电影或电视剧或者其它场景插入相关的广告。如变 形金刚,非诚勿挠等。 2.SEM:Search Engine Marketing的缩写,意即搜索引擎营销。 3.EDM:Electronic Direct Marketing的缩写,就是电子邮件营销。 4.CPS:Cost Per Sales的缩写,即销售分成。 5.CPA : Cost Per Action,每次动作成本,即根据每个访问者对网 络广告所采取的行动收费的定价模式。对于用户行动有特别的定义, 包括形成一次交易、获得一个注册用户、或者对网络广告的一 次点击等。 6.CPM:(Cost Per Mille,或者Cost Per Thousand;Cost Per Impressions) 每千人成本。 7.CPC:(Cost Per Click;Cost Per Thousand Click-Through) 每点 击成本。 8.ROI:Return On Investment的缩写,投资报酬率。 9.SEO:Search Engine Optimization的缩写,搜索引擎优化。 10.CR 转化率:Conversion Rate的缩写,是指访问某一网站访客中, 转化的访客占全部访客的比例。 11.UV:Unique Vister的缩写,独立访客。

国际商务谈判技巧英语

国际商务谈判技巧英语 篇一:商务谈判技巧英文 英语商务谈判的语言技巧 美加电话英语认为随着现在社会的发展以后英语学者面临着谈判也随着发展的需求而增 加,在谈判中很多英语高手都会手忙脚乱,如果大家按照小编我说的以下方法去仔细的细分 出自身行业中的英语,那么在盼盼的时候你就是高手。 1.英语商务谈判的词汇选择英语商务谈判中,对于语言的选择很有讲究。首先是词汇上的选择,要求有以下几个原 则: 简洁性的词汇 英语商务在词汇上的选择首先要注意简洁性。商务词汇的应用及生活中英语不一样,及 文学上的词汇选择更不相同,不需要很多的修饰和夸张手法。英语谈判中所选择的词汇尽量 端正、简练、清晰,不使用繁复、模糊的词汇。 精确性的词汇 其次英语商务谈判中的词汇选择要注意精确性,尽量避免歧义的

产生而导致对方的不满 和不理解。同时也不要为了表现谈判者的英语水平而使用英语方言、英语俚语、英语谚语、双关语、洋泾浜语等。 少用表示情感的词汇在商务英语的谈判中,尽量少用修饰词或者带有感情色彩的词汇。因为谈判语言的要求 是实事求是,而感情色彩的词汇往往让人觉得虚假和不可信,甚至有吹嘘的嫌疑。结果是令 人反感。相反,事实和陈述数据的利用往往能确切地反映出某种商品的特点,而且更具有说服力。 2.英语商务谈判的句型结构除了英语商务谈判的词汇选择之外,句子结构的选择也非常有讲究,而且有些句型结构 是可选的,有些句型是一定不要选择或者尽量避免的。 可选的句型结构 1)条件句的应用 条件句型在英语里按其意义可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句 两大类。真实条件句所表示的条件是事实或者在说话人看来有可能实 现的事情。商务谈判者在商务谈判中,通常要选择真实条件句来表达。恰如其分地掌握和运 用条件句,是谈判成功的重要因素之一。此外,虚拟条件句的运用可以表示委婉语气。通常情况下,表示请求、咨询、否定等口气时可以使用。这样可以避免发生令人不愉快的事件。

商务谈判常用英语词汇

商务谈判常用英语词汇 1、出口方面的词汇 出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping 外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas 自由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade 国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 2、价格条件 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价 price 码头费wharfage 总值 total value 卸货费landing charges 金额 amount 关税customs duty 净价 net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment 折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价 retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price

电子商务专业术语-电商常用词汇-电商术语

电子商务专业术语 商业模式 B2B模式,Business to Business-企业对企业,例子:阿里巴巴,生意宝(网盛科技)、慧聪网。 B2C模式,Business to Customer-企业对个人,例子:亚马逊,当当,凡客,时尚起义,走秀网。 C2C模式,Customer to Customer-个人对个人,例子:ebay,淘宝,拍拍,易趣。 BMC模式,BMC是英文Business-Medium-Customer的缩写,率先集量贩式经营、连锁经营、人际网络、金融、传统电子商务(B2B、B2C、C2C、C2B)等传统电子商务模式优点于一身,解决了B2B、B2C、C2C、C2B等传统电子商务模式的发展瓶颈。B=Business,指企业;C=Customers,指消费者,终端;M=Medium,在这里指的是在企业与消费者之间搭建的一个空中的纽带与桥梁。 B2B2C是一种电子商务类型的网络购物商业模式,B是BUSINESS的简称,C是CUSTOMER的简称,第一个B指的是商品或服务的供应商,第二个B指的是从事电子商务的企业,C则是表示消费者。以亚马逊为代表。 O2O ,online to offline 团购模式,团宝网,美团网,高朋网为代表。 广告词汇 植入式广告:在电影或电视剧或者其它场景插入相关的广告。如变形金刚,非诚勿挠等。 SEM:Search Engine Marketing的缩写,意即搜索引擎营销。 EDM:Electronic Direct Marketing的缩写,就是电子邮件营销。 CPS:Cost Per Sales的缩写,即销售分成。 CPA :Cost Per Action,每次动作成本,即根据每个访问者对网络广告所采取的行动收费的定价模式。对于用户行动有特别的定义,包括形成一次交易、获得一个注册用户、或者对网络广告的一次点击等。 CPM:(Cost Per Mille,或者Cost Per Thousand;Cost Per Impressions) 每千人成本。

商务谈判词汇

Chapter 1 Daily Negotiation

Chapter 2 Sometimes it’s fast and easy

Chapter 3 Playing Fair 1.我一向尽全力服务客户,但我也不会因此压榨承包商,借此为客户 获取额外的利益,而这也为我赢得了公平的美誉。 L did my best for my clients, but l never screwed a contractor to gain my client an unfair advantage, and that earned me a reputation for being fair. *2. Remember there’s no such thing as a free lunch. Everything has a price and somebody pays for it. 要记住天下没有免费的午餐,每样东西都有价格,总有人得付出代价 3. 万一出问题,你交不出货,我们可能就赶不上圣诞节铺货了。如果你能快个两到三个星期交货,他们可能就会选你。 ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 4. Make all the prices subject to confirmation, so you can’t be held to them.每个数值都要去确认,免得别人挑你毛病。

电子商务常用术语解释总结

电子商务常用术语解释总结 最近一直在关注电子商务网络商城运营方面的内容,电子商务的范围很宽泛,其中包括很多专业的数语,但对于中小企业和个人来说,不是所有的电子商务知识都适合自己。为了让朋友们更快的了解电子商务,下面我收集总结了一些常用的术语解释,希望对刚学习电子商务的朋友们有一些帮助。 一.电子商务常用术语解释 1.什么是电子商务 专业定义:以电子及电子技术为手段,以商务为核心,把原来传统的销售、购物渠道移到互联网上来,打破国家与地区有形无形的壁垒,使生产企业达到全球化,网络化,无形化,个性化、一体化。 简单的说,就是利用网络通信形式,达到买卖双方不谋面地进行的各种商业和贸易活动。2.什么是网上商城 网上商城类似于现实世界当中的商店,简单的理解就是在网上开的一个商店,产品通过图片的形式展示出来,可以用网上支付方式结算货款,送货时用快递进行。 3.什么是网上支付 是指交易双方在结算货款时,通过网上借助于网上第三方平台,实现资金转帐汇款的交易。如银行卡的网上银行功能,是顾客直接在网银确定对方帐号,确认支付密码,直接将款转到对方帐号实现网上转帐支付。如支付宝、财付通等第三方担保支付平台,顾客是先购买产品,然后确定支付后,将款转到支付宝网站代为保存,等收到商家货物后,在从支付宝中确认,支付宝将款打给商家完成支付。网上支付有很多种客户和商家之间可采用信用卡、电子钱包、电子支票和电子现金等多种电子支付方式进行网上支付,这种形式可以节省时间及减少手续费支出。 4.什么是B2B B2B是英文Business to Business(商家对商家)的缩写,是商家(泛指企业)对商家的电子 商务模式,即企业与企业之间通过互联网进行产品、服务及信息的交换。这些过程包括:发布供求信息,订货及确认订货,支付过程及票据的签发、传送和接收,确定配送方案并监控配送过程等。 国内目前比较知名的B2B网站综合类:阿里巴巴、慧聪网,网盛生意宝、环球资源网、中国制造网、中国网库、敦煌网等;垂直类:中国化工网等。

商务谈判中会用到的英语高频词汇

1、出口方面的词汇 出口信贷 export credit 出口津贴 export subsidy 商品倾销 dumping 外汇倾销 exchange dumping 优惠关税 special preferences 保税仓库 bonded warehouse 贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制 import quotas 自由贸易区 free trade zone 对外贸易值 value of foreign trade 国际贸易值 value of international trade 普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 2、价格条件 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价 price 码头费wharfage 总值 total value 卸货费landing charges 金额 amount 关税customs duty 净价 net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment

折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价 wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价 retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证export licence 期货价格forward price 现行价格(时价)current price prevailing price 国际市场价格 world (International)Market price 离岸价(船上交货价)FOB-free on board 成本加运费价(离岸加运费价) C&F-cost and freight 到岸价(成本加运费、保险费价)CIF-cost,insurance and freight 3、交货条件 交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写S.S) 装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered ship) 交货时间 time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter 托运人(一般指出口商)shipper, consignor 收货人consignee 班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter 舱位shipping space 油轮tanker 报关clearance of goods

企业常用的商务谈判用语

常用商务谈判用语 介绍篇 (1) A: I don’t believe we’ve met. B: No, I don’t think we have. A: My name is Chen Sung-lim. B: How do you do? My name is Fred Smith. A: 我们以前没有见过吧? B:我想没有。 A:我叫陈松林。 B:您好,我是弗雷德·史蜜斯。 (2) A: Here’s my name card. B: And here’s mine. A: It’s nice to finally meet you. B: And I’m glad to meet you, too. A: 这是我的名片。 B: 这是我的。 A: 很高兴终于与你见面了。 B: 我也很高兴见到你。

(3) A: Is that the office manager over there? B: Yes, it is, A: I haven’t met him yet. B: I’ll introduce him to you . A:在那边的那位是经理吧? B:是啊。 A:我还没见过他。 B:那么,我来介绍你认识。 (4) A: Do you have a calling card ? B: Yes , right here. A: Here’s one of mine. B: Thanks. A:您有名片吗? B:有的,就在这儿。 A:喏,这是我的。 B:谢谢。 (5)

A: Will you introduce me to the new purchasing agent? B: Haven’t you met yet? A: No, we haven’t. B: I’ll be glad to do it. A:请替我引介新来负责采购的人好吗? B:你们还没见面吗? A:嗯,没有。 B:我乐意为你们介绍。 (6) A: I’ll call you next week. B: Do you know my number? A: No, I don’t. B: It’s right here on my card. A:我下个星期会打电话给你。 B:你知道我的号码吗? A:不知道。 B:就在我的名片上。 (7) A: Have we been introduced? B: No, I don’t think we have been.

国际商务英语在商务谈判中的重要性

国际商务英语在商务谈判中的重要性 商务英语是英语的一种社会功能变体,是专门用途英语中的一个分支,是英语在商务场合中的应用。它涉及技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资、对外劳务承包与合同、国际合同、国际金融、涉外保险、国际旅游、海外投资、国际运输等等,人们从事这些活动所使用的'英语统称为商务英语。 商务英语源于普通英语,并以此为基础,完全具有普通英语的语言学特征,但同时它又是商务知识和普通英语的综合体,因而具有其内在的独特性,主要集中以下几个方面: 1.商务英语的语言形式、词汇、以及内容等方面与专业知识密切相关,它承载着商务理论和商务实践等方面的信息。 2.商务英语用词明白易懂、正式规范、简短达意、语言平实。用词方面多使用常用词,以保证所用词语具有国际通用性,保证能为普通大众所理解,但又不能过于口语化,即商务英语所使用的语言不能过于非正式。有些商务文书(如合同)因为具有规范、约束力等公文性质,因此会使用一些很正式的词语,如使用 prior to或者previous to而不使用before;使用supplement而不使用add to 等。但在介词方面,商务英语往往使用以繁复的介词短语来代替简单的介词和连词,如:用in the nature of 代替like。

3.商务英语句子结构比较复杂,句式规范,文体正式,尤其在招标文件和投资文件经及合同中更是如此。 4.商务英语在陈述事物时往往具体、明确,绝不含糊其词。如商务英语不就“We wish to confirm our telex dispatched yesterday”, 而要说“We confirm our telex of July 2nd,2000.”因为前者笼统含糊,后者就清晰明了; 5.在国际商务英语应用文特别是国际商务信函中,礼貌是其中非常重要的语言特点。 模板,内容仅供参考

电商电子商务专业术语大全

【电商】电子商务专业术语大全 专注电商、移动社交媒体、O2O领域提供一站式电子商务全领域服务(天猫、京东、宁、亚马逊、1号店)整体托管、单项服务、跨境电商、电商培训、战略咨询、电商顾问等,帮助企业从传统的销售模式走向更广阔的网络领域。微信/:; 1、电子商务介绍: 电子商务通常是指是在地球各地广泛的商业贸易活动中,在因特网开放的网络环境下,基于浏览器/服务器应用方式,买卖双方不谋面地进行各种商贸活动,实现消费者的网上购物、商户之间的网上交易和在线电子支付以及各种商务活动、交易活动、金融活动和相关的综合服务活动的一种新型的商业运营模式。英文名Electronic Commerce,简称EC。 2、电子商务模式(常见类) B2B模式,Business to Business-企业对企业,例子:阿里巴巴、慧聪网等。 B2C模式,Business to Customer-企业对个人,例子:天猫、京东、亚马逊,当当等。

C2C模式,Customer to Customer-个人对个人,例子:ebay,淘宝,拍拍,易趣等。 3、电子商务专业名词(常见类) SEM:Search Engine Marketing的缩写,意即搜索引擎营销。 EDM:Electronic Direct Marketing的缩写,就是电子营销。 CPS:Cost Per Sales的缩写即销售分成。 CPA : Cost Per Action,每次动作成本,即根据每个访问者对网络广告所采取的行动收费的定价模式。对于用户行动有特别的定义,包括形成一次交易、获得一个注册用户、或者对网络广告的一次点击等。 CPM:(Cost Per Mille,或者Cost Per Thousand;Cost Per Impressions) 每千人成本。 CPC:(Cost Per Click;Cost Per Thousand Click-Through) 每点击成本。 ROI:Return On Investment的缩写,投资报酬率。 SEO:Search Engine Optimization的缩写,搜索引擎优化。 转化率:Conversion Rate的缩写,是指访问某一访客中,转化的访客占全部访客的比例。 UV:Unique Vister的缩写,独立访客。 AdWords:Google的关键词竞价广告。 Alexa:https://www.360docs.net/doc/a22048060.html,是专门发布世界排名的,排名有两种:综合排名和分类排名。

英文简历常用词汇

英文简历常用词汇 英文简历常用词汇 英文简历常用词汇 下面小编整理了一些英文简历中常用到的英文词汇,欢迎阅读。国家及校级奖项、称号 1 奖学金 国家奖学金 National Scholarship 国家励志奖学金 National Encouragement scholarship 三好学生标兵 Pacemaker to Merit Student 三好学生 Merit Student 学习优秀生 Model Student of Academic Records 校一等奖:The First Prize Scholarship 校二等奖:The Second Prize Scholarship 校三等奖:The Third Prize Scholarship

单项奖学金:Individual Scholarship 2 荣誉称号 突出才能奖 Model Student of Outstanding Capacity 优秀工作者 Excellent staff 优秀学生干部 Excellent Student Cadre 优秀共青团员 Excellent League Member 优秀毕业生 Outstanding Graduates 优秀志愿者 Outstanding Volunteer 先进班集体 Advanced Class 优秀团干 Outstanding League Cadres 学生协会优秀干部 Outstanding cadres of Student Association 3 先进个人 先进个人 Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student

国际商务谈判-词汇整理

Chapter 1 Bargaining 讨价还价 : competitive, win-lose situations; Negotiation 谈判 : win-win situations; Intangibles 无形因素 : intangible factors are the underlying psychological motivations that may directly or indirectly influence the parties during a negotiation; Interdependent 相互依赖 : when the parties depend on each other to achieve their own preferred outcome they are interdependent; Independent parties 独立各方 : Independent parties are able to meet their own needs without the help of others; they can be relatively detached, indifferent and uninvolved with others; Dependent parties 完全依赖各方 : Dependent parties must rely on others for what they need since they need the help, benevolence, or cooperation of the other, the dependent party must accept and accommodate to that provider 's whims and idiosyncrasies; Competitive situation 竞争性情形 : when the goals of two or more people are interconnected so that only one can achieve the goal, this is competitive situation, also known as a zero-sum or distributive situation ,in which “individuals are so linked together that there is a negative correlation between their goal attainments ”; Mutual-gains situation 相互获益情形: When parties 'goals are linked so that one person 's goal achievement helps others to achieve their goals, it is a mutual-gains situation , also known as a non-sum or integrative situation; BATNA (达成谈判协议的最佳选择)an acronym for best alternative to a negotiated agreement; The dilemma of honesty 诚实困境 : it concerns how much of the truth to tell the other party; The dilemma of trust 信任困境 : it concerns how much should negotiators believe what the other party tells them; Distributive bargaining 分配式谈判: accepts the fact that there can only be one winner given the situation and pursues a course of action to be that winner; Integrative bargaining 共赢争价: attempts to find solutions so both parties can do well and achieve their goals; Claim value 主张价值 : to do whatever is necessary to claim the reward, gain the lion 's share, or gain the largest piece possible; Create value 创造价值: to find a way for all parties to meet their objectives, either by identifying more resources or finding unique ways to share and coordinate the use of existing resources; Conflict 冲突 : a potential consequence of interdependent relationships is conflict. Conflict may be defined as a “sharp disagreement or opposition, as of interests, ideas, etc.”and includes “the perceived divergence of interest, or a belief that the parties 'current aspirations cannot be achieved simultaneously ”. Contending 争夺战略: actors pursuing the contending strategy pursue their own outcomes strongly and show little concern for whether the other party obtains his or her desired outcomes; Yielding 屈服战略: actors pursuing the yielding strategy show little interest or concern in whether they attain their own outcomes, but they are quite interested in whether the other party attains his or her outcomes; Inaction 不作为战略 : actors pursuing the inaction strategy show little interest in whether they attain their own out-comes, as well as little concern about the other party obtains his or her outcomes; Problem solving 解决问题战略: actors pursuing the problem solving strategy show high concern for attaining their own outcomes and high concern for whether the other

电子商务专业术语

所谓的B2B,B2C,C2C是电子商务中按照交易对象给电子商务分的类。 B2B(Business To Business)即企业与企业间的电子商务; B2C(Business To Customer)即企业与消费者间的电子商务; C2C(Customer To Customer)即消费者与消费者间的电子商务。 B2B中的两个B均代表Business,“2”则是英语“two”的谐音,代表“to”。因此一般来说我们把B2B仍然按照英文的读音“B-to-B”来念,而不是把“2”作为中文发音。但现在有很多人已经习惯把“B2B”按照中文读音来发音了,并且在谈论电子商务时也不至于引起误解,因此无论怎么念,通常都可以理解。 B2B电子商务模式包括两种基本模式:一种是企业之间直接进行的电子商务(如制造商的在线采购和在线供货等);另一种是通过第三方电子商务网站平台进行的商务活动。例如,国内著名电子商务网站阿里巴巴(https://www.360docs.net/doc/a22048060.html,)是一个B2B电子商务平台,各类企业可以通过阿里巴巴进行企业间的电子商务(B2B),如发布和查询供求信息,与潜在客户/供应商进行在线交流和商务洽谈等。 电子商务相关的缩写词汇还有B2C(商业对消费者)、C2C(消费者之间、消费者对消费者)、G2B(政府对企业) B2B(Business To Business)是企业与企业之间通过互联网进行产品、服务及信息的交换。目前基于互联网的B2B的发展速度十分迅猛,据最新的统计,在本年初互联网上B2B的交易额已经远远超过B2C的交易额,在今后的5年内,B2B将达到41%的年平均增长率,到2004年,全球范围内的B2B交易预计将达到7.29万亿美元。 传统的企业间的交易往往要耗费企业的大量资源和时间,无论是销售和分销还是采购都要占用产品成本。通过B2B的交易方式买卖双方能够在网上完成整个业务流程,从建立最初印象,到货比三家,再到讨价还价、签单和交货,最后到客户服务。B2B使企业之间的交易减少许多事务性的工作流程和管理费用,降低了企业经营成本。网络的便利及延申性使企业扩大了活动范围,企业发展跨地区跨国界更方便,成本更低廉。 B2B不仅仅是建立一个网上的买卖者群体,它也为企业的之间的战略合作提供了基础。任何一家企业,不论它具有多强的技术实力或多好的经营战略,要想单独实现B2B是完全不可能的。单打独斗的时代已经过去,企业间建立合作联盟逐渐成为发展趋势。网络使得信息通行无阻,企业之间可以通过网络在市场、产品或经营等方面建立互补互惠的合作,形成水平或垂直形式的业务整合,以更大的规模、更强的实力、更经济的运作真正达到全球运筹管理的模式。 目前企业采用的B2B可以分为以下两种模式: 1. 面向制造业或面向商业的垂直B2B。垂直B2B可以分为两个方向,即上游和下游。生产商或商业零售商可以与上游的供应商之间的形成供货关系,比如Dell电脑公司与上游的芯片和主板制造商就是通过这种方式进行合作。生产商与下游的经销商可以形成销货关系,比如Cisco与其分销商之间进行的交易。 2. 面向中间交易市场的B2B。这种交易模式是水平B2B,它是将各个行业中相近的交易过程集中到一个场所,为企业的采购方和供应方提供了一个交易的机会,象Alibaba、环球资源网等。 B2B只是企业实现电子商务的一个开始,它的应用将会得到不断发展和完善,并适应所有行业的企业的需要。 目前企业要实现完善的B2B需要许多系统共同的支持,比如制造企业需要有财务系统、企业资源计划ERP系统、供应链管理SCM系统、客户关系管理CRM系统等,并且这些系统能有机地整合在一起实现信息共享、业务流程的完全自动化。实现这样的系统需要企业投入数量可观的人力、物力和财力,多数中小企业会对这样大的投入望而却步。考虑到这些企业的特点,新网提供了企业支付得起的B2B电子商务解决方案。 一方面,企业可以采用新网提供的产品,从低端到高端、从单一到全面,有步骤地实现B2B。比如分销商可以针对业务的主要特点采用新网的DRP系统,商业企业可以使用新网的SCM系统,以销售、服务等业务为重点的企业可以采用CRM系统。

电子商务英语专业名词

一、专业名词 1,电子商务electronic commerce 视频会议video conference 不断增长ever –increasing 供应商supplier 内部运营internal operation 组织organization 交易transaction 消费者consumer 有效率的efficient 有弹性的flexible 2,电子邮件营销email marketing 市场调研market research 提高整体营销信息enhance overall marketing message 拓展网络exploit the web 网络能力capabilities of the web 离线营销活动offline marketing activities 传统营销traditional marketing 品牌的忠诚度brand loyalty 传统促销方法traditional promotional methods 营销策略marketing strategy 3,电子银行electronic bank 家庭银行home bank 支付账单pay bills 私人网络private network 金融机构financial institutions 银行服务banking services 在线申请apply online 4,电子支付electronic payment

电子支票electronic checks 电子货币electronic money 经常账户checking accounts 数据加密data encryption 客户认证client authentication 智能卡smart cards 计算机硬盘computer hard disks 银行部门banking sector 小额支付small value payment 5.网上购物流程the flow of shopping/purchasing online 迅速发展rapid growth/development 虚拟商店virtual stores/shops 产品规格specification 电子银行cyber bank 购物中心shopping center 在线付款payment online 确认订单confirmation of the order 总金额total amount 批号date code 6,最终产品finished goods 相关信息related information 产地the point of origin 运输与配送transport &services 国际供应链管理international supply chain management 预售服务pre-retailing services 军事策略military strategy 战时物资生产wartime material production 集中于centering on 战略物资补给strategic commodities supply

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