并列连词和状语从句(含答案)

并列连词和状语从句(含答案)
并列连词和状语从句(含答案)

并列连词和状语从句

并列句

由两个或者两个以上独立分句并列在一起构成,起基本结构是分句加并列连词加分句。

在并列句中,除了使用并列连词以外还可以使用并列连词词组,或者连接副词来连接分句,有时甚至不用并列连词,只用逗号. 分号. 冒号等把分句隔开。

常用的并列连词有:and , but , or, for, so , neither, nor …

并列连词词组有:either…or, neither…nor, both…and, as well as, not only…but also…

连接副词有:besides, furthermore, moreover …

1. 表示联合关系

常用and , neither…nor, not only…but also 等连词

There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down.

I can neither write songs nor play the guitar.

2. 表示选择关系

常用or, either …or 等连词

We cook a dinner together, or we go for a long walk.

…either one of his daughters replaces him as a prisoner in the castle, or he will die. …

3. 表示转折和对比关系

常用yet,but,however,while 等

but表示完全转折,语气较强。while主要表示对比。however在使用时必须用逗号把它和句子其他成分隔开。yet既可以用作并列连词也可以用作连接副词。

Some sports are done indoors, while others are done outdoors.

They wanted to charge ﹩5,000 for the car, but we managed to bring the price down.

In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.

One can not see wind, however, it does exist.

I’d like to go with you ; however , my hands are full.

The essay is good; it could be improved ,however.

He worked hard, yet he failed .(并列连词)

It is strange, and yet it is true. (连接副词)

4. 表示因果关系

常用so,for,therefore等连接词

I didn’t get enough sleep so I did n’t feel very well this morning.

It was raining, therefore we had to stay at home.

He found it increasingly difficult to read , for his eyesight was brginning to fail.

5. 表示条件或者结果

常用and或者or等连词

Simply raise your hand , and a taxi appears in no time.

Don’t drive too fast or you will have an accident .

Stand over there and you will see the oil painting better.

You have to move out of the way or the truck can’t get past.

6. 表示递进关系

常用besides,furthermore,moreover等连接副词。

Television is entertaining; besides/furthermore/moreover, it is instructive.

状语从句

?时间状语从句

1.when,while和as。

(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生。当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,而且其主语和主句的主语一致,其表语又是一个名词时,就可以用as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。另外,注意下面几个结构:be doing sth.when...(正在做某事时突然……),have hardly/just/scarcely done sth.when...(刚一……就……),be about to do sth.when...(正准备……突然……)。

Nancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends in Sydney last year.南希去年去悉尼看望朋友时玩得很开心。

(2)while引导的时间状语从句中应用延续性或状态性动词,还可用来侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。

I want the girls to experience that while they are young.我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。

(3)as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成,可译为“一边……,一边……”或“随着……”。

As time goes on,it’s getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。(4)如果主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时when,while与as可互换使用。

When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.当我沿着大街行走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。

典例1(2014·江西高考)It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

A.that

B.as

C.which

D.when

【解析】句意:当父亲叫醒我,让我看球赛的时候是半夜。when在此引导时间状语从句。【答案】D

典例2(2012·山东高考)He smiled politely Mary apologized for her drunken friends.

A.as

B.if

C.unless

D.though

【解析】句意:当玛丽替她醉酒的朋友道歉时,他礼貌地微笑着。这里smile和apologize同时进行,应用as引导时间状语从句,as意为“当……的时候”。

【答案】A

2.as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment/minute/instant,no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once。

这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,表示“一……就……”。从句中用现在时代替将来时。

You’ll feel excited the moment the star steps out of the plane.那个明星走出机舱的那一刻,你就会感到兴奋。

◆特别提醒

在no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...结构中,no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when引导的从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,应用倒装语序。

典例(2011·辽宁高考)He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering.

A.since

B.as

C.when

D.than

【解析】句意:他刚一结束演讲,同学们就欢呼起来。固定句式no sooner...than...意为“一……就……”。

【答案】D

3.till,until和not...until...。

(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”,此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词,主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用,但till不可以置于句首,而until可以。

Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?会议将被推迟到下周二,你有没有听说?

(2)not...until...“某动作直到某时间点才开始”,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式。

I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.直到这个学生做这道数学题花费了多于一个小时的时间时,我才会告诉他答案。典例1If a lot of people say a film is not good,I won’t bother to see it,or I’ll wait it comes out on DVD.

A.whether

B.after

C.though

D.until

【解析】句意:如果很多人说某部电影不好看,我就不会去看,或者我会等到DVD出来才看。这里用until引导时间状语从句,表示“直到……才……”。

【答案】D

典例2It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life we’ve actually had that lesson. A.until B.after C.since D.when

【解析】句意:对我们来说在生活中吸取教训是很难的,直到我们切身体会那个教训。until意为“直到”。

【答案】A

4.before与since。

(1)before用来表示“还未……就……;不到……就……;……才……;还没来得及……就……”。before从句中谓语不用否定式。before的常见句式:It will be+一段时间+before...“多久之后才……”。

It will be half a year before I come back.还得待半年我才能回来。

(2)“since+状语从句”表示“自从……有多长时间”,从句谓语一般是非延续性动词,主句的谓语动词是延续性的或者是反复发生过的动作。since从句的时态若是一般过去时,主句中的时态则应该是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。

I have written home four times since I came here.自从我来到这儿,已给家里写了四封信了。

典例1(2014·陕西高考)The young couple,who returned my lost wallet,left I could ask for their names.

A.while

B.before

C.after

D.since

【解析】句意:我还未来得及询问他们的姓名,那对归还了我钱包的年轻夫妻就已经离开了。所填词引导时间状语从句,意为“还没来得及……就……”,故选B项。

【答案】B

典例2(2011·四川高考)As it reported,it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.

A.when

B.before

C.after

D.since

【解析】句意:正如报道的那样,清华大学建校已经有100年了。此处构成“It is+时间段+since...”句式,意为“自从……以来有多长时间了”。

【答案】D

5.every time, each time, any time,(the)last/next time, the moment/second/instant。

名词短语every time, each time, any time,(the)last/next time, the moment/second/instant可以用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每次……”,“任何时候……”,“上次/下一次……”,“刚一……”等含义。You looked tired last time I saw you.我上次见你的时候,你看起来很疲倦。

The last time she saw James, he was working in a small firm.上次她见到詹姆斯的时候,他正在一家小公司上班。

?让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的连词如下。

1.although/though(尽管,虽然),even though/even if(即使)。

(1)although与though两者意思相同,一般可互换,都可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用。

Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be valuable.他们很多人不听他的意见,尽管他们知道他的意见很有价值。

(2)当as或though引导的让步状语从句放在主句之前时,常用倒装语序,此时从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词。

Much as I like it,I won’t buy it.虽然我很喜欢它,但我不会买的。

Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他是孩子,但他却懂得很多。

典例1(2015·安徽高考)scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still don’t know.

A .Once B. Since C. Though D. Unless

高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句

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when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb.was doing sth.when... ②sb.was about to/going to do sth.when... ③sb.was on the point of doing sth.when... ④sb.had just done sth.when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴,而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知,第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you. 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or

连词与状语从句知识梳理

连词与状语从句知识梳理 连词与状语从句知识梳理 知识梳理 知识点1: 一、连词含义 连词是一种虚词,不能担任一个句子成分。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。 二、具体用法 1. 并列连词 1). 并列连词的功能: 连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。即,连接两个平行的 成分或句子。 如:and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, as well as, both… and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。 2). 并列连词的用法:表示连接两个共同概念 and 和or 1) 并列结构中,or 通常用于否定句,and 用于肯定句。 2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点: There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon. 在否定中并列结构用or 连接,但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构,因此要用 and 。 both …and 两者都(两者都强调,谓语动词为复数) not only…but (also),不但…而且(强调后者,就近原则)

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状语从句类型及相似连词的用法区别

一、状语从句分类及常用连词: 类别连词 状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc. 状语从句where,wherever 状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, etc. 状语从句so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. 状语从句in order that, so that, that, etc. 状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 状语从句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc. 状语从句as…as, so…as, than, etc. 状语从句as, as if, as though, etc. 二、相似连词的用法区别 1.when, while, as, while表时间,从句需用延续性动词,切不可用瞬间动词。 when表时间,从句既可以用延续性动词,又可以用瞬间动词。 as表时间,与when相似,但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。 when, while后可以接分词短语。 2.because, as, since, for 语气位置意义 because最强前或后“原因”;表客观因果关系;回答“”as较强前“由于”;把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱前“既然”;就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱后“理由”;对某一事实进行推断的理由 注:上面所说的“前”,指从句在主句之前;“后”,指从句在主句之后。 3.so that, so…that, such…that so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意:在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。 so…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于: 1.so+形/副+that 2.so+形+a(an)+单数名词+that 3.so+manymuch+复数名词(不可数名词)+that such…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于: 1.such+a(an)+形+名词+that 2.such+形+复数名词/不可数名词+that

状语从句

一.No less than , not less than, no more than, not less than 的区别: no less than不亚于,竟达……之多 1)The audience was no less than five thousand. 听众有五千人之多。 2)That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢。 not less than不比……差,至少 1)I'll stay here not less than three days. 我将待在这里至少三天。 no more than同样不;仅仅,只有 1)He is no more than a worker. 他仅仅是个工人。 2)It's no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。 3)It is no more than ten minutes' walk from the station. 由车站走到这里只有十分钟的路程。 not more than不比……更,不如;至多 1)He is not more diligent than you are.他不象你那样勤奋。(重点在you are diligent 。他也勤奋,但不如你勤奋。) 2)I'll stay here not more than three days. 我将待在这里最多不超过三天。 no less .. than不少于,不亚于 1) He is no less a person than a minister他的身分不亚于部长。 not less than 至少和…一样 1)She is not less beautiful than Mary她至少和玛丽一样美丽。 二.Through, across, cross, over的区别: 答:1.across是介词通常在用go,run,swim.等搭配,强调从一定范围的一边到另一边,且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作,其含义常与介词on有关,常和表示“走”一类的动词(如:walk,run,fly,jump 等)连用。 Go across the bridge,and you’ll find the park. 越过这座桥,你就会找到公园。 The little girl ran across the road.这个小女孩横穿马路。 2. cross是动词,表示“穿过、越过、渡过”。 The old man is crossing the road.这位老人正在穿过马路。 Be careful when you cross the street.过街时你要小心。 3. through是介词,表示从某一范围的一端到另一端,但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的,往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。 The river runs through the city.这条河从这座城市中间流过。 Can you see it through this hole?你能透过这个洞看到它吗? through与cross的不同在于through是直过cross是横过 例:I went across the road = I cross the road我横过马路(经斑马线) The car went through the road汽车经过马路(沿着马路) 4. over是介词,用作“穿过、通过”时,表示到达高的障碍物(如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等)的另一侧。 He jumped over the wall.他跳过了墙。 The horse jumped over the fence.马跳过栅栏。 注意:如果不强调动作,只说明处于墙、篱笆或山等障碍物的另一侧时,over和across也可互换。 If we can be over/across the mountain before 8 o’clock,we can be helped. 如果我们八点前能到达山那边,我们就能获救。 三.状语从句大PARTY 状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句要点: 时间状语从句,由以下连词引导: when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。 when当。。。的时候 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特的时候,开始写音乐作品。 2.while当。。。时 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。 3.as在。。。的同时;一边。。。一边。。。 He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。

语法——并列句和状语从句

第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句,其基本结构是“+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为:时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一,在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查,在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下: 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for,so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 作并列连词的用法

when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴,而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017 北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知,第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you.? 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or

介词、连词与状语从句

【专题四】介词、连词与状语从句 【考情分析】 介词 1.常见介词的用法及辨析。 2.介词与其他词性所构成的一些短语。 3.在定语从句中,介词的使用情况。 连词 1. 考查并列连词、从属连词的用法 2.重点考查主从复合句和并列句的连接词的选用。 状语从句 1.状语从句的分类 1.可分为时间、原因、地点、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较及方式等类型。 2.状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较;状语从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法差异。 【知识归纳】 介词: 1.“名词+介词”型 the key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way…to; wish/desire/prize/respect…for; pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influence…on 2.“介词+名词”型 (1) in +名词 in advance 在前头,事先,预先in case 如果,万一in charge 主管,掌管,看管 in common 共有,共同,公有in demand 有需要的in doubt 感到疑惑的,难以确定的 (2)①on+名词 on guard 在值勤on leave 在休假on holiday在度假on strike罢工on sale出售on loan 借贷 ②on+the+名词on the move 在移动,搬迁;离开on the march 在行军on the flow 在涨潮 (3) beyond +名词 beyond one's power 是某人力所不及的beyond one's reach 够不着 beyond description 难以形容beyond words 无法用语言形容beyond doubt 无疑 (4) under +名词 under development 在发展中under observation 在观察中under test 在测试中 under construction 在建设中under examination 在检查(调查)中under consideration 在考虑中 (5) at +名词 at length 详细地,长时间at sea 茫然at will 任意地at work 在上班at lunch 在吃午饭 at rest在休息at table 在吃饭at school 上学at church 做礼拜at peace 处于和平状态 (6) out of +名词 out of breath 上气不接下气out of balance 失去平衡out of date 过时out of patience 不耐烦 3.“动词+介词”搭配 ①rob sb. of sth. ; supply us with food ;make a desk of wood ; make bread from flour ②介词+the +部位与动词的关系(=动词+sb.’s +部位,可换用) strike him on the head(“击,拍,碰,摸”意义与on连用) catch him by the arm(“抓,拉,拿,扯”意义与by连用) 注意:同一介词与不同动词搭配,意义各异的情况。 reply to the letter回信,sing(dance)to the music和音乐唱(跳),amount to 达到,加起来有……,devote to把……贡献给,drink to为……干杯,object to反对,look forward to 渴望,come to苏醒,belong to属于,search for搜……,ask...for...寻找,use...for用作,leave for前往,take...for 误以为, 4.“形容词+介词”型 at前的adj.:angry, good, bad, surprised, excited, puzzled等。 of前的adj.:afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy等。worthy of值得的;proud of(take pride in)自豪;sure of / about确信;fond of喜欢;full of充满 with前的adj.: angry, strict, busy, careful, popular, patient等。satisfied with (by)满意;busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事;wrong with不对 in前的adj.:strict, weak, interested, successful, rich等。 to前的adj.:polite, kind, cruel, rude, close, available等。similar to相似for前的adj.:sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious,(be) hungry/thirsty 等。grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人;fit for适合;ready for准备from前的adj.:far, different, free, safe等。free from没有……(免除……);far from离……远 about前的adj.:worried, anxious, careful,curious等。glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴 5.复杂介词型 (1) 表示原因(通常在句中作状语), 意为“由于,因为”。 because of:表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系);on account of:常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素。 (2) 表示“除……之外”。 with the exception of=except, except for“除……之外”; apart from (=美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示“除……之外”,相当于except (for), 又可以表示“除……之外,(还,也)”,相当于besides;in addition to“除……之外(还,也)”,相当于besides。(3) 表示“有关,关于”。 concerning=regarding“关于,就……而论,在……方面”;with respect to“关于,就……而言”; as for和as to用于句首时表示“至于”。 (4) 表示“在……之前”。 ahead of=in advance of,可表示“(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更前,更早”,还可表示“领先,优于”; in front of 多指空间的前后关系,“在……前方”。 (5) 表示“支持,赞成”。 in support of 维护,支持,支援;in favor of 可指某人“支持,赞成”,也可指事物“有利于……”。 (6) 表示“鉴于,由于;根据,按照”。 in the light of 按照,考虑到in terms of 就……而言,谈到according to 根据;按照 in view of 鉴于,因为 (7) 表示“尽管”。 in spite of 尽管,不管 连词 连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语,谓语与谓语,句子与句子,分词与分词的词,它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用;而从属连词一般连接主句与从句,从句形式有名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句等。 1.并列连词 并列连词可用来连接词与词,词组与词组,分句与分句。常用的并列连词有:and(和),as well as(既……又),both... and(不但……而且),not only... but also(不但……而且),not ...but(不是……而是),neither...nor(既不……也不),either... or(不是……就是),or(或者),but (但是),yet(然而),for(因为),so(所以),while(而),when(这时)等。如:Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy(暗沉沉的)./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious(光荣的)yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. 2.从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有:(1)引导时间状语从句的:after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as (2)引导原因状语从句的:because, since, as (3)引导让步状语从句的:although, though, no matter(无论), even if (though) (4)引导条件状语从句的:if, unless, once, so (as) long as (5)引导结果状语从句的:so... that..., such...that... (6)引导目的状语从句的:so that..., in order that... (7)引导比较状语从句的:as...as..., not so (as)... as...,... than... (8)引导方式状语从句的:as if... (9)引导主语,宾语或表语从句的连词主要有:that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 3.几组容易混淆的并列连词: (1)and, or和but I must work hard, or I'll fail in the contest. Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance. —Would you like to come to dinner tonight? —I'd like to, but I'm too busy. (2)not only...but (also), as well as不但……而且 She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. (3)neither...nor “既不……也不……”;both...and...“两者都”;either...or...“不是……就是……” Neither you nor he is to blame. Either you or I am right. (4)not...but... 不是……而是…… They were not the bones of an animal, but the bones of a human being. (5)for 因为 He is absent today, for he is ill. 注意:for是并列连词,不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首,只能将其放在两个分句中间。 (6)so, therefore因此 He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game. 状语从句: (一)时间状语从句 时间状语从句 1.when, while, as的区别 这三个词都可以用作连接词,表示时间关系,但有所区别。 (1)when表示时间关系时,意思常常是“当(在)……的时候”。主句和从句中的动作或事情可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。例如: When we were at school, we went to the library every day. 我们在求学的时候,每天都到图书馆去。 (2)while 用作连接词表示时间关系时,意思也是“当(在)……的时候”,主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生。它有时可与when通用,但它只能指一段时间(a period of time),而不能指一点时间的(a point of time)。如上面第一个例句中的when,可以用while代替;而第二个例句中的when,就不能用while代替。例如: Please don’t talk so aloud while others are working. 别人在工作的时候,请勿大声讲话。 (3)as用作连接词表示时间关系时,意思也是“当(在)……时候”,往往可与when或while通用,但它着重指主句和从句中的动作或事情相并发生。例如: I saw him as he was getting off the bus.当他下公共汽车的时候,我看见了他。 2.一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句 the minute, the moment, the instant, every time, the last time, every time。如:

状语从句连词总结

状语从句连词总结 1 时间状语从句: when当……时候 while 当……时候(动词只能是延续性动词) as当……时候(经常表示一边……一边……) after/before在……之后/之前 until/till直到……(即某一持续性行为持续到某一时间点) since/ever since自从……(即子某一时间点以来,常用完成时态或完成进行时) 名词性短语the time the moment the minute the day the year the first/second time each time每次every time每次next time下次any time在任何时候whenever不管什么时候 by the time到……时候(即指到某一时间点为止,主句常用完成时态) 一……就……as soon as once immediately directly instantly 还没来得及……就……hardly……when no sooner……than as long as长达…… 非时间状语从句:动词ing形式;at……形式;on doing/on sth形式 2地点状语从句 where在哪里,在什么地方 wherever无论在哪里 anywhere无论何处everywhere 到处,处处nowhere 无处,任何地方都无 to/in/from the place(s)where或to/in/from any place where 3原因状语从句 because(语气最强)因为,多置于主句之后 as(语气最弱)因为,多置于主句之前 since语气较弱,常表示对方已知的事实,相当于“既然” now (that)既然 for the reason that因为(that引导的是同位语从句,先行词为reason) in that由于某种原因,多用于书面语 seeing that因为,鉴于 4目的状语从句 in order that以便 so (that)为了 for fear that惟恐,以防 in case以防万一有某种情况发生 5结果状语从句 so (that)所以 so……that……结构 such……that……结构

语法 并列句和状语从句

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